ALLIANCES

ALLIANCES. → POLITICAL
* With idolaters forbidden Ex 23:32,33; 34:12-15; De 7:2; Jud 2:2; 2Ch 19:2; 20:37; Isa 8:11,12; 30:2; 31:1; Ho 4:17; 12:1

→ Ratification of
* By oaths Ge 21:23; 26:28-31; Jos 9:15-20; 1Sa 20:16,17
* By giving the hand La 5:6
* See COVENANTS
* See TREATY

→ INSTANCES OF
* Between Abraham and Mamre, Eshcol, and Aner Ge 14:13
* Abraham and Abimelech Ge 21:22-32
* Isaac and Abimelech Ge 26:26-31
* Canaanitish nations against Israel Jos 9:1,2
* Joshua and the Gibeonites Jos 9
* Moabites, Amalekites, and Ammonites Jud 3:12,13
* Solomon and Hiram 1Ki 5:12; Am 1:9
* Asa and Benhadad 1Ki 15:18,19; 2Ch 16:3
* Jehoshaphat and Ahab 1Ki 22; 2Ch 18:1
* Jehoshaphat and Ahaziah 2Ch 20:35
* Ahaz and Tiglath 2Ki 16:7,8; 2Ch 28:16,21
* Rezin and Pekah 2Ki 16:5
* Zedekiah and Pharaoh Jer 37:1-8; Eze 17:15-17

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On the first establishment of the Hebrews in Palestine no connections were formed between them and the surrounding nations. But with the extension of their power under the kings alliances became essential to the security of their commerce. Solomon concluded two important treaties exclusively for commercial purposes the first with Hiram king of Tyre (1 Kings 5:2-12; 9:27) the second with a Pharaoh, king of Egypt. (1 Kings 10:28,29) When war broke out between Amaziah I and Jeroboam II, a coalition was formed between Rezin, king of Syria, and Pekah on the one side, and Ahaz and Tiglath-pileser, king of Assyria, on the other. (2 Kings 16:5-9) The formation of an alliance was attended with various religious rites. A victim was slain and divided into two parts, between which the contracting parties passed. (Genesis 15:10) Generally speaking the oath alone is mentioned in the contracting of alliances, either between nations, (Joshua 9:15) or individuals. (Genesis 25:28; 31:53; 1 Samuel 20:17; 2 Kings 11:4) The event was celebrated by a feast. Genesis l.c.; (Exodus 24:11; 2 Samuel 3:12,20) Salt, as symbolical of fidelity, was used on these occasions. Occasionally a pillar or a heap of stones was set up as a memorial of the alliance. (Genesis 31:52) Presents were also sent by the parties soliciting the alliance. (1 Kings 15:18; Isaiah 30:6); 1 Macc 16:18. The fidelity of the Jews to their engagements was conspicuous at all periods of their history, (Joshua 9:18) and any breach of covenant was visited with very severe punishment. (2 Samuel 21:1; Ezekiel 17:16)