Apologetics Bible

1Samuel 16:1

Hebrew

וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל־שְׁמוּאֵל עַד־מָתַי אַתָּה מִתְאַבֵּל אֶל־שָׁאוּל וַאֲנִי מְאַסְתִּיו מִמְּלֹךְ עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵל מַלֵּא קַרְנְךָ שֶׁמֶן וְלֵךְ אֶֽשְׁלָחֲךָ אֶל־יִשַׁי בֵּֽית־הַלַּחְמִי כִּֽי־רָאִיתִי בְּבָנָיו לִי מֶֽלֶךְ׃

vayo'mer-yehvah-'el-shemv'el-'ad-matay-'atah-mite'avel-'el-sha'vl-va'aniy-me'asetiyv-mimelokhe-'al-yishera'el-male'-qarenekha-shemen-velekhe-'eshelachakha-'el-yishay-veyt-halachemiy-khiy-ra'iytiy-vevanayv-liy-melekhe

KJV: And the LORD said unto Samuel, How long wilt thou mourn for Saul, seeing I have rejected him from reigning over Israel? fill thine horn with oil, and go, I will send thee to Jesse the Beth–lehemite: for I have provided me a king among his sons.

AKJV: And the LORD said to Samuel, How long will you mourn for Saul, seeing I have rejected him from reigning over Israel? fill your horn with oil, and go, I will send you to Jesse the Bethlehemite: for I have provided me a king among his sons.

ASV: And Jehovah said unto Samuel, How long wilt thou mourn for Saul, seeing I have rejected him from being king over Israel? fill thy horn with oil, and go: I will send thee to Jesse the Beth-lehemite; for I have provided me a king among his sons.

YLT: And Jehovah saith unto Samuel, `Till when art thou mourning for Saul, and I have rejected him from reigning over Israel? fill thy horn with oil, and go, I send thee unto Jesse the Beth-Lehemite, for I have seen among his sons for Myself a king.

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the LORD said unto Samuel, How long wilt thou mourn for Saul, seeing I have rejected him from reigning over Israel? fill thine horn with oil, and go, I will send thee to Jesse the Beth–lehemite: for I have provide...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:2

Hebrew

וַיֹּאמֶר שְׁמוּאֵל אֵיךְ אֵלֵךְ וְשָׁמַע שָׁאוּל וַהֲרָגָנִי וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה עֶגְלַת בָּקָר תִּקַּח בְּיָדֶךָ וְאָמַרְתָּ לִזְבֹּחַ לַֽיהוָה בָּֽאתִי׃

vayo'mer-shemv'el-'eykhe-'elekhe-veshama'-sha'vl-vaharaganiy-vayo'mer-yehvah-'egelat-vaqar-tiqach-veyadekha-ve'amareta-lizevocha-layhvah-va'tiy

KJV: And Samuel said, How can I go? if Saul hear it, he will kill me. And the LORD said, Take an heifer with thee, and say, I am come to sacrifice to the LORD.

AKJV: And Samuel said, How can I go? if Saul hear it, he will kill me. And the LORD said, Take an heifer with you, and say, I am come to sacrifice to the LORD.

ASV: And Samuel said, How can I go? if Saul hear it, he will kill me. And Jehovah said, Take a heifer with thee, and say, I am come to sacrifice to Jehovah.

YLT: And Samuel saith, How do I go? when Saul hath heard, then he hath slain me.' And Jehovah saith, A heifer of the herd thou dost take in thy hand, and hast said, To sacrifice to Jehovah I have come;

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Samuel said, How can I go? if Saul hear it, he will kill me. And the LORD said, Take an heifer with thee, and say, I am come to sacrifice to the LORD.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:3

Hebrew

וְקָרָאתָ לְיִשַׁי בַּזָּבַח וְאָֽנֹכִי אוֹדִֽיעֲךָ אֵת אֲשֶֽׁר־תַּעֲשֶׂה וּמָשַׁחְתָּ לִי אֵת אֲשֶׁר־אֹמַר אֵלֶֽיךָ׃

veqara'ta-leyishay-vazavach-ve'anokhiy-'vodiy'akha-'et-'asher-ta'asheh-vmashacheta-liy-'et-'asher-'omar-'eleykha

KJV: And call Jesse to the sacrifice, and I will shew thee what thou shalt do: and thou shalt anoint unto me him whom I name unto thee.

AKJV: And call Jesse to the sacrifice, and I will show you what you shall do: and you shall anoint to me him whom I name to you.

ASV: And call Jesse to the sacrifice, and I will show thee what thou shalt do: and thou shalt anoint unto me him whom I name unto thee.

YLT: and thou hast called for Jesse in the sacrifice, and I cause thee to know that which thou dost do, and thou hast anointed to Me him of whom I speak unto thee.'

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And call Jesse to the sacrifice, and I will shew thee what thou shalt do: and thou shalt anoint unto me him whom I name unto thee.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:4

Hebrew

וַיַּעַשׂ שְׁמוּאֵל אֵת אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר יְהוָה וַיָּבֹא בֵּית לָחֶם וַיֶּחֶרְדוּ זִקְנֵי הָעִיר לִקְרָאתוֹ וַיֹּאמֶר שָׁלֹם בּוֹאֶֽךָ׃

vaya'ash-shemv'el-'et-'asher-diver-yehvah-vayavo'-veyt-lachem-vayecheredv-ziqeney-ha'iyr-liqera'tvo-vayo'mer-shalom-vvo'ekha

KJV: And Samuel did that which the LORD spake, and came to Beth–lehem. And the elders of the town trembled at his coming, and said, Comest thou peaceably?

AKJV: And Samuel did that which the LORD spoke, and came to Bethlehem. And the elders of the town trembled at his coming, and said, Come you peaceably?

ASV: And Samuel did that which Jehovah spake, and came to Beth-lehem. And the elders of the city came to meet him trembling, and said, Comest thou peaceably?

YLT: And Samuel doth that which Jehovah hath spoken, and cometh in to Beth-Lehem, and the elders of the city tremble to meet him, and one saith, `Is thy coming peace?'

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Samuel did that which the LORD spake, and came to Beth–lehem. And the elders of the town trembled at his coming, and said, Comest thou peaceably?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:5

Hebrew

וַיֹּאמֶר ׀ שָׁלוֹם לִזְבֹּחַ לַֽיהוָה בָּאתִי הִֽתְקַדְּשׁוּ וּבָאתֶם אִתִּי בַּזָּבַח וַיְקַדֵּשׁ אֶת־יִשַׁי וְאֶת־בָּנָיו וַיִּקְרָא לָהֶם לַזָּֽבַח׃

vayo'mer- -shalvom-lizevocha-layhvah-va'tiy-hiteqadeshv-vva'tem-'itiy-vazavach-vayeqadesh-'et-yishay-ve'et-vanayv-vayiqera'-lahem-lazavach

KJV: And he said, Peaceably: I am come to sacrifice unto the LORD: sanctify yourselves, and come with me to the sacrifice. And he sanctified Jesse and his sons, and called them to the sacrifice.

AKJV: And he said, Peaceably: I am come to sacrifice to the LORD: sanctify yourselves, and come with me to the sacrifice. And he sanctified Jesse and his sons, and called them to the sacrifice. ¶

ASV: And he said, Peaceably; I am come to sacrifice unto Jehovah: sanctify yourselves, and come with me to the sacrifice. And he sanctified Jesse and his sons, and called them to the sacrifice.

YLT: and he saith, `Peace; to sacrifice to Jehovah I have come, sanctify yourselves, and ye have come in with me to the sacrifice;' and he sanctifieth Jesse and his sons, and calleth them to the sacrifice.

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he said, Peaceably: I am come to sacrifice unto the LORD: sanctify yourselves, and come with me to the sacrifice. And he sanctified Jesse and his sons, and called them to the sacrifice.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:6

Hebrew

וַיְהִי בְּבוֹאָם וַיַּרְא אֶת־אֱלִיאָב וַיֹּאמֶר אַךְ נֶגֶד יְהוָה מְשִׁיחֽוֹ׃

vayehiy-vevvo'am-vayare'-'et-'eliy'av-vayo'mer-'akhe-neged-yehvah-meshiychvo

KJV: And it came to pass, when they were come, that he looked on Eliab, and said, Surely the LORD’S anointed is before him.

AKJV: And it came to pass, when they were come, that he looked on Eliab, and said, Surely the LORD’s anointed is before him.

ASV: And it came to pass, when they were come, that he looked on Eliab, and said, Surely Jehovah’s anointed is before him.

YLT: And it cometh to pass, in their coming in, that he seeth Eliab, and saith, `Surely, before Jehovah is His anointed.'

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And it came to pass, when they were come, that he looked on Eliab, and said, Surely the LORD’S anointed is before him.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:7

Hebrew

וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל־שְׁמוּאֵל אַל־תַּבֵּט אֶל־מַרְאֵהוּ וְאֶל־גְּבֹהַּ קוֹמָתוֹ כִּי מְאַסְתִּיהוּ כִּי ׀ לֹא אֲשֶׁר יִרְאֶה הָאָדָם כִּי הָֽאָדָם יִרְאֶה לַעֵינַיִם וַיהוָה יִרְאֶה לַלֵּבָֽב׃

vayo'mer-yehvah-'el-shemv'el-'al-tavet-'el-mare'ehv-ve'el-gevoha-qvomatvo-khiy-me'asetiyhv-khiy- -lo'-'asher-yire'eh-ha'adam-khiy-ha'adam-yire'eh-la'eynayim-vayhvah-yire'eh-lalevav

KJV: But the LORD said unto Samuel, Look not on his countenance, or on the height of his stature; because I have refused him: for the LORD seeth not as man seeth; for man looketh on the outward appearance, but the LORD looketh on the heart.

AKJV: But the LORD said to Samuel, Look not on his countenance, or on the height of his stature; because I have refused him: for the LORD sees not as man sees; for man looks on the outward appearance, but the LORD looks on the heart.

ASV: But Jehovah said unto Samuel, Look not on his countenance, or on the height of his stature; because I have rejected him: for Jehovah seeth not as man seeth; for man looketh on the outward appearance, but Jehovah looketh on the heart.

YLT: And Jehovah saith unto Samuel, `Look not unto his appearance, and unto the height of his stature, for I have rejected him; for it is not as man seeth--for man looketh at the eyes, and Jehovah looketh at the heart.'

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But the LORD said unto Samuel, Look not on his countenance, or on the height of his stature; because I have refused him: for the LORD seeth not as man seeth; for man looketh on the outward appearance, but the LORD loo...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:8

Hebrew

וַיִּקְרָא יִשַׁי אֶל־אֲבִינָדָב וַיַּעֲבִרֵהוּ לִפְנֵי שְׁמוּאֵל וַיֹּאמֶר גַּם־בָּזֶה לֹֽא־בָחַר יְהוָֽה׃

vayiqera'-yishay-'el-'aviynadav-vaya'avirehv-lifeney-shemv'el-vayo'mer-gam-vazeh-lo'-vachar-yehvah

KJV: Then Jesse called Abinadab, and made him pass before Samuel. And he said, Neither hath the LORD chosen this.

AKJV: Then Jesse called Abinadab, and made him pass before Samuel. And he said, Neither has the LORD chosen this.

ASV: Then Jesse called Abinadab, and made him pass before Samuel. And he said, Neither hath Jehovah chosen this.

YLT: And Jesse calleth unto Abinadab, and causeth him to pass by before Samuel; and he saith, `Also on this Jehovah hath not fixed.'

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then Jesse called Abinadab, and made him pass before Samuel. And he said, Neither hath the LORD chosen this.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:9

Hebrew

וַיַּעֲבֵר יִשַׁי שַׁמָּה וַיֹּאמֶר גַּם־בָּזֶה לֹא־בָחַר יְהוָֽה׃

vaya'aver-yishay-shamah-vayo'mer-gam-vazeh-lo'-vachar-yehvah

KJV: Then Jesse made Shammah to pass by. And he said, Neither hath the LORD chosen this.

AKJV: Then Jesse made Shammah to pass by. And he said, Neither has the LORD chosen this.

ASV: Then Jesse made Shammah to pass by. And he said, Neither hath Jehovah chosen this.

YLT: And Jesse causeth Shammah to pass by, and he saith, `Also on this Jehovah hath not fixed.'

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then Jesse made Shammah to pass by. And he said, Neither hath the LORD chosen this.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:10

Hebrew

וַיַּעֲבֵר יִשַׁי שִׁבְעַת בָּנָיו לִפְנֵי שְׁמוּאֵל וַיֹּאמֶר שְׁמוּאֵל אֶל־יִשַׁי לֹא־בָחַר יְהוָה בָּאֵֽלֶּה׃

vaya'aver-yishay-shive'at-vanayv-lifeney-shemv'el-vayo'mer-shemv'el-'el-yishay-lo'-vachar-yehvah-va'eleh

KJV: Again, Jesse made seven of his sons to pass before Samuel. And Samuel said unto Jesse, The LORD hath not chosen these.

AKJV: Again, Jesse made seven of his sons to pass before Samuel. And Samuel said to Jesse, The LORD has not chosen these.

ASV: And Jesse made seven of his sons to pass before Samuel. And Samuel said unto Jesse, Jehovah hath not chosen these.

YLT: And Jesse causeth seven of his sons to pass by before Samuel, and Samuel saith to Jesse, `Jehovah hath not fixed on these.'

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Again, Jesse made seven of his sons to pass before Samuel. And Samuel said unto Jesse, The LORD hath not chosen these.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:11

Hebrew

וַיֹּאמֶר שְׁמוּאֵל אֶל־יִשַׁי הֲתַמּוּ הַנְּעָרִים וַיֹּאמֶר עוֹד שָׁאַר הַקָּטָן וְהִנֵּה רֹעֶה בַּצֹּאן וַיֹּאמֶר שְׁמוּאֵל אֶל־יִשַׁי שִׁלְחָה וְקָחֶנּוּ כִּי לֹא־נָסֹב עַד־בֹּאוֹ פֹֽה׃

vayo'mer-shemv'el-'el-yishay-hatamv-hane'ariym-vayo'mer-'vod-sha'ar-haqatan-vehineh-ro'eh-vatzo'n-vayo'mer-shemv'el-'el-yishay-shilechah-veqachenv-khiy-lo'-nasov-'ad-vo'vo-foh

KJV: And Samuel said unto Jesse, Are here all thy children? And he said, There remaineth yet the youngest, and, behold, he keepeth the sheep. And Samuel said unto Jesse, Send and fetch him: for we will not sit down till he come hither.

AKJV: And Samuel said to Jesse, Are here all your children? And he said, There remains yet the youngest, and, behold, he keeps the sheep. And Samuel said to Jesse, Send and fetch him: for we will not sit down till he come here.

ASV: And Samuel said unto Jesse, Are here all thy children? And he said, There remaineth yet the youngest, and, behold, he is keeping the sheep. And Samuel said unto Jesse, Send and fetch him; for we will not sit down till he come hither.

YLT: And Samuel saith unto Jesse, Are the young men finished?' and he saith, Yet hath been left the youngest; and lo, he delighteth himself among the flock;' and Samuel saith unto Jesse, `Send and take him, for we do not turn round till his coming in hither.'

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:11 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Samuel said unto Jesse, Are here all thy children? And he said, There remaineth yet the youngest, and, behold, he keepeth the sheep. And Samuel said unto Jesse, Send and fetch him: for we will not sit down till he...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:12

Hebrew

וַיִּשְׁלַח וַיְבִיאֵהוּ וְהוּא אַדְמוֹנִי עִם־יְפֵה עֵינַיִם וְטוֹב רֹאִי וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה קוּם מְשָׁחֵהוּ כִּֽי־זֶה הֽוּא׃

vayishelach-vayeviy'ehv-vehv'-'ademvoniy-'im-yefeh-'eynayim-vetvov-ro'iy-vayo'mer-yehvah-qvm-meshachehv-khiy-zeh-hv'

KJV: And he sent, and brought him in. Now he was ruddy, and withal of a beautiful countenance, and goodly to look to. And the LORD said, Arise, anoint him: for this is he.

AKJV: And he sent, and brought him in. Now he was ruddy, and with of a beautiful countenance, and goodly to look to. And the LORD said, Arise, anoint him: for this is he.

ASV: And he sent, and brought him in. Now he was ruddy, and withal of a beautiful countenance, and goodly to look upon. And Jehovah said, Arise, anoint him; for this is he.

YLT: And he sendeth, and bringeth him in, and he is ruddy, with beauty of eyes, and of good appearance; and Jehovah saith, `Rise, anoint him, for this is he.'

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:12 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he sent, and brought him in. Now he was ruddy, and withal of a beautiful countenance, and goodly to look to. And the LORD said, Arise, anoint him: for this is he.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:13

Hebrew

וַיִּקַּח שְׁמוּאֵל אֶת־קֶרֶן הַשֶּׁמֶן וַיִּמְשַׁח אֹתוֹ בְּקֶרֶב אֶחָיו וַתִּצְלַח רֽוּחַ־יְהוָה אֶל־דָּוִד מֵהַיּוֹם הַהוּא וָמָעְלָה וַיָּקָם שְׁמוּאֵל וַיֵּלֶךְ הָרָמָֽתָה׃

vayiqach-shemv'el-'et-qeren-hashemen-vayimeshach-'otvo-veqerev-'echayv-vatitzelach-rvcha-yehvah-'el-david-mehayvom-hahv'-vama'elah-vayaqam-shemv'el-vayelekhe-haramatah

KJV: Then Samuel took the horn of oil, and anointed him in the midst of his brethren: and the Spirit of the LORD came upon David from that day forward. So Samuel rose up, and went to Ramah.

AKJV: Then Samuel took the horn of oil, and anointed him in the middle of his brothers: and the Spirit of the LORD came on David from that day forward. So Samuel rose up, and went to Ramah. ¶

ASV: Then Samuel took the horn of oil, and anointed him in the midst of his brethren: and the Spirit of Jehovah came mightily upon David from that day forward. So Samuel rose up, and went to Ramah.

YLT: And Samuel taketh the horn of oil, and anointeth him in the midst of his brethren, and prosper over David doth the Spirit of Jehovah from that day and onwards; and Samuel riseth and goeth to Ramath.

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:13 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then Samuel took the horn of oil, and anointed him in the midst of his brethren: and the Spirit of the LORD came upon David from that day forward. So Samuel rose up, and went to Ramah.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:14

Hebrew

וְרוּחַ יְהוָה סָרָה מֵעִם שָׁאוּל וּבִֽעֲתַתּוּ רֽוּחַ־רָעָה מֵאֵת יְהוָֽה׃

vervcha-yehvah-sarah-me'im-sha'vl-vvi'atatv-rvcha-ra'ah-me'et-yehvah

KJV: But the Spirit of the LORD departed from Saul, and an evil spirit from the LORD troubled him.

AKJV: But the Spirit of the LORD departed from Saul, and an evil spirit from the LORD troubled him.

ASV: Now the Spirit of Jehovah departed from Saul, and an evil spirit from Jehovah troubled him.

YLT: And the Spirit of Jehovah turned aside from Saul, and a spirit of sadness from Jehovah terrified him;

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:14 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But the Spirit of the LORD departed from Saul, and an evil spirit from the LORD troubled him.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:15

Hebrew

וַיֹּאמְרוּ עַבְדֵֽי־שָׁאוּל אֵלָיו הִנֵּה־נָא רֽוּחַ־אֱלֹהִים רָעָה מְבַעִתֶּֽךָ׃

vayo'merv-'avedey-sha'vl-'elayv-hineh-na'-rvcha-'elohiym-ra'ah-meva'itekha

KJV: And Saul’s servants said unto him, Behold now, an evil spirit from God troubleth thee.

AKJV: And Saul’s servants said to him, Behold now, an evil spirit from God troubles you.

ASV: And Saul’s servants said unto him, Behold now, an evil spirit from God troubleth thee.

YLT: and the servants of Saul say unto him, `Lo, we pray thee, a spirit of sadness from God is terrifying thee;

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:15 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Saul’s servants said unto him, Behold now, an evil spirit from God troubleth thee.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:16

Hebrew

יֹאמַר־נָא אֲדֹנֵנוּ עֲבָדֶיךָ לְפָנֶיךָ יְבַקְשׁוּ אִישׁ יֹדֵעַ מְנַגֵּן בַּכִּנּוֹר וְהָיָה בִּֽהְיוֹת עָלֶיךָ רֽוּחַ־אֱלֹהִים רָעָה וְנִגֵּן בְּיָדוֹ וְטוֹב לָֽךְ׃

yo'mar-na'-'adonenv-'avadeykha-lefaneykha-yevaqeshv-'iysh-yode'a-menagen-vakhinvor-vehayah-viheyvot-'aleykha-rvcha-'elohiym-ra'ah-venigen-veyadvo-vetvov-lakhe

KJV: Let our lord now command thy servants, which are before thee, to seek out a man, who is a cunning player on an harp: and it shall come to pass, when the evil spirit from God is upon thee, that he shall play with his hand, and thou shalt be well.

AKJV: Let our lord now command your servants, which are before you, to seek out a man, who is a cunning player on an harp: and it shall come to pass, when the evil spirit from God is on you, that he shall play with his hand, and you shall be well.

ASV: Let our lord now command thy servants, that are before thee, to seek out a man who is a skilful player on the harp: and it shall come to pass, when the evil spirit from God is upon thee, that he shall play with his hand, and thou shalt be well.

YLT: let our lord command, we pray thee, thy servants before thee, they seek a skilful man, playing on a harp, and it hath come to pass, in the spirit of sadness from God being upon thee, that he hath played with his hand, and it is well with thee.'

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:16 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Let our lord now command thy servants, which are before thee, to seek out a man, who is a cunning player on an harp: and it shall come to pass, when the evil spirit from God is upon thee, that he shall play with his h...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:17

Hebrew

וַיֹּאמֶר שָׁאוּל אֶל־עֲבָדָיו רְאוּ־נָא לִי אִישׁ מֵיטִיב לְנַגֵּן וַהֲבִיאוֹתֶם אֵלָֽי׃

vayo'mer-sha'vl-'el-'avadayv-re'v-na'-liy-'iysh-meytiyv-lenagen-vahaviy'votem-'elay

KJV: And Saul said unto his servants, Provide me now a man that can play well, and bring him to me.

AKJV: And Saul said to his servants, Provide me now a man that can play well, and bring him to me.

ASV: And Saul said unto his servants, Provide me now a man that can play well, and bring him to me.

YLT: And Saul saith unto his servants, `Provide, I pray you, for me a man playing well--then ye have brought him in unto me.'

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:17 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Saul said unto his servants, Provide me now a man that can play well, and bring him to me.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:18

Hebrew

וַיַּעַן אֶחָד מֵהַנְּעָרִים וַיֹּאמֶר הִנֵּה רָאִיתִי בֵּן לְיִשַׁי בֵּית הַלַּחְמִי יֹדֵעַ נַגֵּן וְגִבּוֹר חַיִל וְאִישׁ מִלְחָמָה וּנְבוֹן דָּבָר וְאִישׁ תֹּאַר וַיהוָה עִמּֽוֹ׃

vaya'an-'echad-mehane'ariym-vayo'mer-hineh-ra'iytiy-ven-leyishay-veyt-halachemiy-yode'a-nagen-vegivvor-chayil-ve'iysh-milechamah-vnevvon-davar-ve'iysh-to'ar-vayhvah-'imvo

KJV: Then answered one of the servants, and said, Behold, I have seen a son of Jesse the Beth–lehemite, that is cunning in playing, and a mighty valiant man, and a man of war, and prudent in matters, and a comely person, and the LORD is with him.

AKJV: Then answered one of the servants, and said, Behold, I have seen a son of Jesse the Bethlehemite, that is cunning in playing, and a mighty valiant man, and a man of war, and prudent in matters, and a comely person, and the LORD is with him. ¶

ASV: Then answered one of the young men, and said, Behold, I have seen a son of Jesse the Beth-lehemite, that is skilful in playing, and a mighty man of valor, and a man of war, and prudent in speech, and a comely person; and Jehovah is with him.

YLT: And one of the servants answereth and saith, `Lo, I have seen a son of Jesse the Beth-Lehemite, skilful in playing, and a mighty virtuous man, and a man of battle, and intelligent in word, and a man of form, and Jehovah is with him.'

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:18 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then answered one of the servants, and said, Behold, I have seen a son of Jesse the Beth–lehemite, that is cunning in playing, and a mighty valiant man, and a man of war, and prudent in matters, and a comely person, a...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:19

Hebrew

וַיִּשְׁלַח שָׁאוּל מַלְאָכִים אֶל־יִשָׁי וַיֹּאמֶר שִׁלְחָה אֵלַי אֶת־דָּוִד בִּנְךָ אֲשֶׁר בַּצֹּֽאן׃

vayishelach-sha'vl-male'akhiym-'el-yishay-vayo'mer-shilechah-'elay-'et-david-vinekha-'asher-vatzo'n

KJV: Wherefore Saul sent messengers unto Jesse, and said, Send me David thy son, which is with the sheep.

AKJV: Why Saul sent messengers to Jesse, and said, Send me David your son, which is with the sheep.

ASV: Wherefore Saul sent messengers unto Jesse, and said, Send me David thy son, who is with the sheep.

YLT: And Saul sendeth messengers unto Jesse, and saith, `Send unto me David thy son, who is with the flock.'

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:19 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Wherefore Saul sent messengers unto Jesse, and said, Send me David thy son, which is with the sheep.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:20

Hebrew

וַיִּקַּח יִשַׁי חֲמוֹר לֶחֶם וְנֹאד יַיִן וּגְדִי עִזִּים אֶחָד וַיִּשְׁלַח בְּיַד־דָּוִד בְּנוֹ אֶל־שָׁאֽוּל׃

vayiqach-yishay-chamvor-lechem-veno'd-yayin-vgediy-'iziym-'echad-vayishelach-veyad-david-venvo-'el-sha'vl

KJV: And Jesse took an ass laden with bread, and a bottle of wine, and a kid, and sent them by David his son unto Saul.

AKJV: And Jesse took an ass laden with bread, and a bottle of wine, and a kid, and sent them by David his son to Saul.

ASV: And Jesse took an ass laden with bread, and a bottle of wine, and a kid, and sent them by David his son unto Saul.

YLT: And Jesse taketh an ass, with bread, and a bottle of wine, and one kid of the goats, and sendeth by the hand of David his son unto Saul.

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:20 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Jesse took an ass laden with bread, and a bottle of wine, and a kid, and sent them by David his son unto Saul.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:21

Hebrew

וַיָּבֹא דָוִד אֶל־שָׁאוּל וַֽיַּעֲמֹד לְפָנָיו וַיֶּאֱהָבֵהֽוּ מְאֹד וַֽיְהִי־לוֹ נֹשֵׂא כֵלִֽים׃

vayavo'-david-'el-sha'vl-vaya'amod-lefanayv-vaye'ehavehv-me'od-vayehiy-lvo-noshe'-kheliym

KJV: And David came to Saul, and stood before him: and he loved him greatly; and he became his armourbearer.

AKJV: And David came to Saul, and stood before him: and he loved him greatly; and he became his armor bearer.

ASV: And David came to Saul, and stood before him: and he loved him greatly; and he became his armorbearer.

YLT: And David cometh in unto Saul, and standeth before him, and he loveth him greatly; and he is a bearer of his weapons.

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:21 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And David came to Saul, and stood before him: and he loved him greatly; and he became his armourbearer.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:22

Hebrew

וַיִּשְׁלַח שָׁאוּל אֶל־יִשַׁי לֵאמֹר יַעֲמָד־נָא דָוִד לְפָנַי כִּֽי־מָצָא חֵן בְּעֵינָֽי׃

vayishelach-sha'vl-'el-yishay-le'mor-ya'amad-na'-david-lefanay-khiy-matza'-chen-ve'eynay

KJV: And Saul sent to Jesse, saying, Let David, I pray thee, stand before me; for he hath found favour in my sight.

AKJV: And Saul sent to Jesse, saying, Let David, I pray you, stand before me; for he has found favor in my sight.

ASV: And Saul sent to Jesse, saying, Let David, I pray thee, stand before me; for he hath found favor in my sight.

YLT: And Saul sendeth unto Jesse, saying, `Let David, I pray thee, stand before me, for he hath found grace in mine eyes.'

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:22 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Saul sent to Jesse, saying, Let David, I pray thee, stand before me; for he hath found favour in my sight.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

1Samuel 16:23

Hebrew

וְהָיָה בִּֽהְיוֹת רֽוּחַ־אֱלֹהִים אֶל־שָׁאוּל וְלָקַח דָּוִד אֶת־הַכִּנּוֹר וְנִגֵּן בְּיָדוֹ וְרָוַח לְשָׁאוּל וְטוֹב לוֹ וְסָרָה מֵעָלָיו רוּחַ הָרָעָֽה׃

vehayah-viheyvot-rvcha-'elohiym-'el-sha'vl-velaqach-david-'et-hakhinvor-venigen-veyadvo-veravach-lesha'vl-vetvov-lvo-vesarah-me'alayv-rvcha-hara'ah

KJV: And it came to pass, when the evil spirit from God was upon Saul, that David took an harp, and played with his hand: so Saul was refreshed, and was well, and the evil spirit departed from him.

AKJV: And it came to pass, when the evil spirit from God was on Saul, that David took an harp, and played with his hand: so Saul was refreshed, and was well, and the evil spirit departed from him.

ASV: And it came to pass, when the evil spirit from God was upon Saul, that David took the harp, and played with his hand: so Saul was refreshed, and was well, and the evil spirit departed from him.

YLT: And it hath come to pass, in the spirit of sadness from God being on Saul, that David hath taken the harp, and played with his hand, and Saul hath refreshment and gladness, and the spirit of sadness hath turned aside from off him.

Exposition: 1Samuel 16:23 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And it came to pass, when the evil spirit from God was upon Saul, that David took an harp, and played with his hand: so Saul was refreshed, and was well, and the evil spirit departed from him.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.