Apologetics Bible

2Corinthians 5:1

Greek

Οἴδαμεν γὰρ ὅτι ἐὰν ἡ ἐπίγειος ἡμῶν οἰκία τοῦ σκήνους καταλυθῇ, οἰκοδομὴν ἐκ θεοῦ ἔχομεν οἰκίαν ἀχειροποίητον αἰώνιον ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς.

Oidamen gar oti ean e epigeios emon oikia toy skenoys katalythe, oikodomen ek theoy echomen oikian acheiropoieton aionion en tois oyranois.

KJV: For we know that if our earthly house of this tabernacle were dissolved, we have a building of God, an house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens.

AKJV: For we know that if our earthly house of this tabernacle were dissolved, we have a building of God, an house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens.

ASV: For we know that if the earthly house of our tabernacle be dissolved, we have a building from God, a house not made with hands, eternal, in the heavens.

YLT: For we have known that if our earthly house of the tabernacle may be thrown down, a building from God we have, an house not made with hands--age-during--in the heavens,

Exposition: 2Corinthians 5:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For we know that if our earthly house of this tabernacle were dissolved, we have a building of God, an house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Corinthians 5:2

Greek

καὶ γὰρ ἐν τούτῳ στενάζομεν, τὸ οἰκητήριον ἡμῶν τὸ ἐξ οὐρανοῦ ἐπενδύσασθαι ἐπιποθοῦντες,

kai gar en toyto stenazomen, to oiketerion emon to ex oyranoy ependysasthai epipothoyntes,

KJV: For in this we groan, earnestly desiring to be clothed upon with our house which is from heaven:

AKJV: For in this we groan, earnestly desiring to be clothed on with our house which is from heaven:

ASV: For verily in this we groan, longing to be clothed upon with our habitation which is from heaven:

YLT: for also in this we groan, with our dwelling that is from heaven earnestly desiring to clothe ourselves,

Exposition: 2Corinthians 5:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For in this we groan, earnestly desiring to be clothed upon with our house which is from heaven:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Corinthians 5:3

Greek

⸂εἴ γε⸃ καὶ ⸀ἐνδυσάμενοι οὐ γυμνοὶ εὑρεθησόμεθα.

ei ge kai endysamenoi oy gymnoi eyrethesometha.

KJV: If so be that being clothed we shall not be found naked.

AKJV: If so be that being clothed we shall not be found naked.

ASV: if so be that being clothed we shall not be found naked.

YLT: if so be that, having clothed ourselves, we shall not be found naked,

Exposition: 2Corinthians 5:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'If so be that being clothed we shall not be found naked.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Corinthians 5:4

Greek

καὶ γὰρ οἱ ὄντες ἐν τῷ σκήνει στενάζομεν βαρούμενοι ἐφʼ ᾧ οὐ θέλομεν ἐκδύσασθαι ἀλλʼ ἐπενδύσασθαι, ἵνα καταποθῇ τὸ θνητὸν ὑπὸ τῆς ζωῆς.

kai gar oi ontes en to skenei stenazomen baroymenoi eph o oy thelomen ekdysasthai all ependysasthai, ina katapothe to thneton ypo tes zoes.

KJV: For we that are in this tabernacle do groan, being burdened: not for that we would be unclothed, but clothed upon, that mortality might be swallowed up of life.

AKJV: For we that are in this tabernacle do groan, being burdened: not for that we would be unclothed, but clothed on, that mortality might be swallowed up of life.

ASV: For indeed we that are in this tabernacle do groan, being burdened; not for that we would be unclothed, but that we would be clothed upon, that what is mortal may be swallowed up of life.

YLT: for we also who are in the tabernacle do groan, being burdened, seeing we wish not to unclothe ourselves, but to clothe ourselves, that the mortal may be swallowed up of the life.

Exposition: 2Corinthians 5:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For we that are in this tabernacle do groan, being burdened: not for that we would be unclothed, but clothed upon, that mortality might be swallowed up of life.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Corinthians 5:5

Greek

ὁ δὲ κατεργασάμενος ἡμᾶς εἰς αὐτὸ τοῦτο θεός, ⸀ὁ δοὺς ἡμῖν τὸν ἀρραβῶνα τοῦ πνεύματος.

o de katergasamenos emas eis ayto toyto theos, o doys emin ton arrabona toy pneymatos.

KJV: Now he that hath wrought us for the selfsame thing is God, who also hath given unto us the earnest of the Spirit.

AKJV: Now he that has worked us for the selfsame thing is God, who also has given to us the earnest of the Spirit.

ASV: Now he that wrought us for this very thing is God, who gave unto us the earnest of the Spirit.

YLT: And He who did work us to this self-same thing is God, who also did give to us the earnest of the Spirit;

Exposition: 2Corinthians 5:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Now he that hath wrought us for the selfsame thing is God, who also hath given unto us the earnest of the Spirit.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Corinthians 5:6

Greek

Θαρροῦντες οὖν πάντοτε καὶ εἰδότες ὅτι ἐνδημοῦντες ἐν τῷ σώματι ἐκδημοῦμεν ἀπὸ τοῦ κυρίου,

Tharroyntes oyn pantote kai eidotes oti endemoyntes en to somati ekdemoymen apo toy kyrioy,

KJV: Therefore we are always confident, knowing that, whilst we are at home in the body, we are absent from the Lord:

AKJV: Therefore we are always confident, knowing that, whilst we are at home in the body, we are absent from the Lord:

ASV: Being therefore always of good courage, and knowing that, whilst we are at home in the body, we are absent from the Lord

YLT: having courage, then, at all times, and knowing that being at home in the body, we are away from home from the Lord, --

Exposition: 2Corinthians 5:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Therefore we are always confident, knowing that, whilst we are at home in the body, we are absent from the Lord:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Corinthians 5:7

Greek

διὰ πίστεως γὰρ περιπατοῦμεν, οὐ διὰ εἴδους—

dia pisteos gar peripatoymen, oy dia eidoys

KJV: (For we walk by faith, not by sight:)

AKJV: (For we walk by faith, not by sight:)

ASV: (for we walk by faith, not by sight);

YLT: for through faith we walk, not through sight--

Exposition: 2Corinthians 5:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: '(For we walk by faith, not by sight:)'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Corinthians 5:8

Greek

θαρροῦμεν δὲ καὶ εὐδοκοῦμεν μᾶλλον ἐκδημῆσαι ἐκ τοῦ σώματος καὶ ἐνδημῆσαι πρὸς τὸν κύριον·

tharroymen de kai eydokoymen mallon ekdemesai ek toy somatos kai endemesai pros ton kyrion·

KJV: We are confident, I say, and willing rather to be absent from the body, and to be present with the Lord.

AKJV: We are confident, I say, and willing rather to be absent from the body, and to be present with the Lord.

ASV: we are of good courage, I say, and are willing rather to be absent from the body, and to be at home with the Lord.

YLT: we have courage, and are well pleased rather to be away from the home of the body, and to be at home with the Lord.

Exposition: 2Corinthians 5:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'We are confident, I say, and willing rather to be absent from the body, and to be present with the Lord.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Corinthians 5:9

Greek

διὸ καὶ φιλοτιμούμεθα, εἴτε ἐνδημοῦντες εἴτε ἐκδημοῦντες, εὐάρεστοι αὐτῷ εἶναι.

dio kai philotimoymetha, eite endemoyntes eite ekdemoyntes, eyarestoi ayto einai.

KJV: Wherefore we labour, that, whether present or absent, we may be accepted of him.

AKJV: Why we labor, that, whether present or absent, we may be accepted of him.

ASV: Wherefore also we make it our aim, whether at home or absent, to be well-pleasing unto him.

YLT: Wherefore also we are ambitious, whether at home or away from home, to be well pleasing to him,

Exposition: 2Corinthians 5:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Wherefore we labour, that, whether present or absent, we may be accepted of him.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Corinthians 5:10

Greek

τοὺς γὰρ πάντας ἡμᾶς φανερωθῆναι δεῖ ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ βήματος τοῦ Χριστοῦ, ἵνα κομίσηται ἕκαστος τὰ διὰ τοῦ σώματος πρὸς ἃ ἔπραξεν, εἴτε ἀγαθὸν εἴτε ⸀φαῦλον.

toys gar pantas emas phanerothenai dei emprosthen toy bematos toy Christoy, ina komisetai ekastos ta dia toy somatos pros a epraxen, eite agathon eite phaylon.

KJV: For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ; that every one may receive the things done in his body, according to that he hath done, whether it be good or bad.

AKJV: For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ; that every one may receive the things done in his body, according to that he has done, whether it be good or bad.

ASV: For we must all be made manifest before the judgment-seat of Christ; that each one may receive the things done in the body, according to what he hath done, whether it be good or bad.

YLT: for all of us it behoveth to be manifested before the tribunal of the Christ, that each one may receive the things done through the body, in reference to the things that he did, whether good or evil;

Exposition: 2Corinthians 5:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ; that every one may receive the things done in his body, according to that he hath done, whether it be good or bad.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Corinthians 5:11

Greek

Εἰδότες οὖν τὸν φόβον τοῦ κυρίου ἀνθρώπους πείθομεν, θεῷ δὲ πεφανερώμεθα· ἐλπίζω δὲ καὶ ἐν ταῖς συνειδήσεσιν ὑμῶν πεφανερῶσθαι.

Eidotes oyn ton phobon toy kyrioy anthropoys peithomen, theo de pephanerometha· elpizo de kai en tais syneidesesin ymon pephanerosthai.

KJV: Knowing therefore the terror of the Lord, we persuade men; but we are made manifest unto God; and I trust also are made manifest in your consciences.

AKJV: Knowing therefore the terror of the Lord, we persuade men; but we are made manifest to God; and I trust also are made manifest in your consciences.

ASV: Knowing therefore the fear of the Lord, we persuade men, but we are made manifest unto God; and I hope that we are made manifest also in your consciences.

YLT: having known, therefore, the fear of the Lord, we persuade men, and to God we are manifested, and I hope also in your consciences to have been manifested;

Exposition: 2Corinthians 5:11 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Knowing therefore the terror of the Lord, we persuade men; but we are made manifest unto God; and I trust also are made manifest in your consciences.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Corinthians 5:12

Greek

⸀οὐ πάλιν ἑαυτοὺς συνιστάνομεν ὑμῖν, ἀλλὰ ἀφορμὴν διδόντες ὑμῖν καυχήματος ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν, ἵνα ἔχητε πρὸς τοὺς ἐν προσώπῳ καυχωμένους καὶ ⸂μὴ ἐν⸃ καρδίᾳ.

oy palin eaytoys synistanomen ymin, alla aphormen didontes ymin kaychematos yper emon, ina echete pros toys en prosopo kaychomenoys kai me en kardia.

KJV: For we commend not ourselves again unto you, but give you occasion to glory on our behalf, that ye may have somewhat to answer them which glory in appearance, and not in heart.

AKJV: For we commend not ourselves again to you, but give you occasion to glory on our behalf, that you may have somewhat to answer them which glory in appearance, and not in heart.

ASV: We are not again commending ourselves unto you, but speak as giving you occasion of glorying on our behalf, that ye may have wherewith to answer them that glory in appearance, and not in heart.

YLT: for not again ourselves do we recommend to you, but we are giving occasion to you of glorifying in our behalf, that ye may have something in reference to those glorifying in face and not in heart;

Exposition: 2Corinthians 5:12 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For we commend not ourselves again unto you, but give you occasion to glory on our behalf, that ye may have somewhat to answer them which glory in appearance, and not in heart.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Corinthians 5:13

Greek

εἴτε γὰρ ἐξέστημεν, θεῷ· εἴτε σωφρονοῦμεν, ὑμῖν.

eite gar exestemen, theo· eite sophronoymen, ymin.

KJV: For whether we be beside ourselves, it is to God: or whether we be sober, it is for your cause.

AKJV: For whether we be beside ourselves, it is to God: or whether we be sober, it is for your cause.

ASV: For whether we are beside ourselves, it is unto God; or whether we are of sober mind, it is unto you.

YLT: for whether we were beside ourselves, it was to God; whether we be of sound mind-- it is to you,

Exposition: 2Corinthians 5:13 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For whether we be beside ourselves, it is to God: or whether we be sober, it is for your cause.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Corinthians 5:14

Greek

ἡ γὰρ ἀγάπη τοῦ Χριστοῦ συνέχει ἡμᾶς, κρίναντας τοῦτο ⸀ὅτι εἷς ὑπὲρ πάντων ἀπέθανεν· ἄρα οἱ πάντες ἀπέθανον·

e gar agape toy Christoy synechei emas, krinantas toyto oti eis yper panton apethanen· ara oi pantes apethanon·

KJV: For the love of Christ constraineth us; because we thus judge, that if one died for all, then were all dead:

AKJV: For the love of Christ constrains us; because we thus judge, that if one died for all, then were all dead:

ASV: For the love of Christ constraineth us; because we thus judge, that one died for all, therefore all died;

YLT: for the love of the Christ doth constrain us, having judged thus: that if one for all died, then the whole died,

Exposition: 2Corinthians 5:14 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For the love of Christ constraineth us; because we thus judge, that if one died for all, then were all dead:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Corinthians 5:15

Greek

καὶ ὑπὲρ πάντων ἀπέθανεν ἵνα οἱ ζῶντες μηκέτι ἑαυτοῖς ζῶσιν ἀλλὰ τῷ ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν ἀποθανόντι καὶ ἐγερθέντι.

kai yper panton apethanen ina oi zontes meketi eaytois zosin alla to yper ayton apothanonti kai egerthenti.

KJV: And that he died for all, that they which live should not henceforth live unto themselves, but unto him which died for them, and rose again.

AKJV: And that he died for all, that they which live should not from now on live to themselves, but to him which died for them, and rose again.

ASV: and he died for all, that they that live should no longer live unto themselves, but unto him who for their sakes died and rose again.

YLT: and for all he died, that those living, no more to themselves may live, but to him who died for them, and was raised again.

Exposition: 2Corinthians 5:15 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And that he died for all, that they which live should not henceforth live unto themselves, but unto him which died for them, and rose again.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Corinthians 5:16

Greek

Ὥστε ἡμεῖς ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν οὐδένα οἴδαμεν κατὰ σάρκα· ⸀εἰ καὶ ἐγνώκαμεν κατὰ σάρκα Χριστόν, ἀλλὰ νῦν οὐκέτι γινώσκομεν.

Oste emeis apo toy nyn oydena oidamen kata sarka· ei kai egnokamen kata sarka Christon, alla nyn oyketi ginoskomen.

KJV: Wherefore henceforth know we no man after the flesh: yea, though we have known Christ after the flesh, yet now henceforth know we him no more.

AKJV: Why from now on know we no man after the flesh: yes, though we have known Christ after the flesh, yet now from now on know we him no more.

ASV: Wherefore we henceforth know no man after the flesh: even though we have known Christ after the flesh, yet now we know him so no more.

YLT: So that we henceforth have known no one according to the flesh, and even if we have known Christ according to the flesh, yet now we know him no more;

Exposition: 2Corinthians 5:16 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Wherefore henceforth know we no man after the flesh: yea, though we have known Christ after the flesh, yet now henceforth know we him no more.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Corinthians 5:17

Greek

ὥστε εἴ τις ἐν Χριστῷ, καινὴ κτίσις· τὰ ἀρχαῖα παρῆλθεν, ἰδοὺ γέγονεν ⸀καινά·

oste ei tis en Christo, kaine ktisis· ta archaia parelthen, idoy gegonen kaina·

KJV: Therefore if any man be in Christ, he is a new creature: old things are passed away; behold, all things are become new.

AKJV: Therefore if any man be in Christ, he is a new creature: old things are passed away; behold, all things are become new.

ASV: Wherefore if any man is in Christ, he is a new creature: the old things are passed away; behold, they are become new.

YLT: so that if any one is in Christ-- he is a new creature; the old things did pass away, lo, become new have the all things.

Exposition: 2Corinthians 5:17 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Therefore if any man be in Christ, he is a new creature: old things are passed away; behold, all things are become new.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Corinthians 5:18

Greek

τὰ δὲ πάντα ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ τοῦ καταλλάξαντος ἡμᾶς ἑαυτῷ ⸀διὰ Χριστοῦ καὶ δόντος ἡμῖν τὴν διακονίαν τῆς καταλλαγῆς,

ta de panta ek toy theoy toy katallaxantos emas eayto dia Christoy kai dontos emin ten diakonian tes katallages,

KJV: And all things are of God, who hath reconciled us to himself by Jesus Christ, and hath given to us the ministry of reconciliation;

AKJV: And all things are of God, who has reconciled us to himself by Jesus Christ, and has given to us the ministry of reconciliation;

ASV: But all things are of God, who reconciled us to himself through Christ, and gave unto us the ministry of reconciliation;

YLT: And the all things are of God, who reconciled us to Himself through Jesus Christ, and did give to us the ministration of the reconciliation,

Exposition: 2Corinthians 5:18 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And all things are of God, who hath reconciled us to himself by Jesus Christ, and hath given to us the ministry of reconciliation;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Corinthians 5:19

Greek

ὡς ὅτι θεὸς ἦν ἐν Χριστῷ κόσμον καταλλάσσων ἑαυτῷ, μὴ λογιζόμενος αὐτοῖς τὰ παραπτώματα αὐτῶν, καὶ θέμενος ἐν ἡμῖν τὸν λόγον τῆς καταλλαγῆς.

os oti theos en en Christo kosmon katallasson eayto, me logizomenos aytois ta paraptomata ayton, kai themenos en emin ton logon tes katallages.

KJV: To wit, that God was in Christ, reconciling the world unto himself, not imputing their trespasses unto them; and hath committed unto us the word of reconciliation.

AKJV: To wit, that God was in Christ, reconciling the world to himself, not imputing their trespasses to them; and has committed to us the word of reconciliation.

ASV: to wit, that God was in Christ reconciling the world unto himself, not reckoning unto them their trespasses, and having committed unto us the word of reconciliation.

YLT: how that God was in Christ--a world reconciling to Himself, not reckoning to them their trespasses; and having put in us the word of the reconciliation,

Exposition: 2Corinthians 5:19 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'To wit, that God was in Christ, reconciling the world unto himself, not imputing their trespasses unto them; and hath committed unto us the word of reconciliation.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Corinthians 5:20

Greek

ὑπὲρ Χριστοῦ οὖν πρεσβεύομεν ὡς τοῦ θεοῦ παρακαλοῦντος διʼ ἡμῶν· δεόμεθα ὑπὲρ Χριστοῦ, καταλλάγητε τῷ θεῷ.

yper Christoy oyn presbeyomen os toy theoy parakaloyntos di emon· deometha yper Christoy, katallagete to theo.

KJV: Now then we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God did beseech you by us: we pray you in Christ’s stead, be ye reconciled to God.

AKJV: Now then we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God did beseech you by us: we pray you in Christ’s stead, be you reconciled to God.

ASV: We are ambassadors therefore on behalf of Christ, as though God were entreating by us: we beseech you on behalf of Christ, be ye reconciled to God.

YLT: in behalf of Christ, then, we are ambassadors, as if God were calling through us, we beseech, in behalf of Christ, `Be ye reconciled to God;'

Exposition: 2Corinthians 5:20 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Now then we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God did beseech you by us: we pray you in Christ’s stead, be ye reconciled to God.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Corinthians 5:21

Greek

⸀τὸν μὴ γνόντα ἁμαρτίαν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν ἁμαρτίαν ἐποίησεν, ἵνα ἡμεῖς γενώμεθα δικαιοσύνη θεοῦ ἐν αὐτῷ.

ton me gnonta amartian yper emon amartian epoiesen, ina emeis genometha dikaiosyne theoy en ayto.

KJV: For he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin; that we might be made the righteousness of God in him.

AKJV: For he has made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin; that we might be made the righteousness of God in him.

ASV: Him who knew no sin he made to be sin on our behalf; that we might become the righteousness of God in him.

YLT: for him who did not know sin, in our behalf He did make sin, that we may become the righteousness of God in him.

Exposition: 2Corinthians 5:21 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin; that we might be made the righteousness of God in him.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.