Apologetics Bible

2Peter 1:1

Greek

⸀Συμεὼν Πέτρος δοῦλος καὶ ἀπόστολος Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ τοῖς ἰσότιμον ἡμῖν λαχοῦσιν πίστιν ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ τοῦ θεοῦ ἡμῶν καὶ σωτῆρος Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ·

Symeon Petros doylos kai apostolos Iesoy Christoy tois isotimon emin lachoysin pistin en dikaiosyne toy theoy emon kai soteros Iesoy Christoy·

KJV: Simon Peter, a servant and an apostle of Jesus Christ, to them that have obtained like precious faith with us through the righteousness of God and our Saviour Jesus Christ:

AKJV: Simon Peter, a servant and an apostle of Jesus Christ, to them that have obtained like precious faith with us through the righteousness of God and our Savior Jesus Christ:

ASV: Simon Peter, a servant and apostle of Jesus Christ, to them that have obtained a like precious faith with us in the righteousness of our God and the Saviour Jesus Christ:

YLT: Simeon Peter, a servant and an apostle of Jesus Christ, to those who did obtain a like precious faith with us in the righteousness of our God and Saviour Jesus Christ:

Exposition: 2Peter 1:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Simon Peter, a servant and an apostle of Jesus Christ, to them that have obtained like precious faith with us through the righteousness of God and our Saviour Jesus Christ:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Peter 1:2

Greek

χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη πληθυνθείη ἐν ἐπιγνώσει τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν.

charis ymin kai eirene plethyntheie en epignosei toy theoy kai Iesoy toy kyrioy emon.

KJV: Grace and peace be multiplied unto you through the knowledge of God, and of Jesus our Lord,

AKJV: Grace and peace be multiplied to you through the knowledge of God, and of Jesus our Lord,

ASV: Grace to you and peace be multiplied in the knowledge of God and of Jesus our Lord;

YLT: Grace to you, and peace be multiplied in the acknowledgement of God and of Jesus our Lord!

Exposition: 2Peter 1:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Grace and peace be multiplied unto you through the knowledge of God, and of Jesus our Lord,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Peter 1:3

Greek

Ὡς πάντα ἡμῖν τῆς θείας δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ τὰ πρὸς ζωὴν καὶ εὐσέβειαν δεδωρημένης διὰ τῆς ἐπιγνώσεως τοῦ καλέσαντος ἡμᾶς ⸂ἰδίᾳ δόξῃ καὶ ἀρετῇ⸃,

Os panta emin tes theias dynameos aytoy ta pros zoen kai eysebeian dedoremenes dia tes epignoseos toy kalesantos emas idia doxe kai arete,

KJV: According as his divine power hath given unto us all things that pertain unto life and godliness, through the knowledge of him that hath called us to glory and virtue:

AKJV: According as his divine power has given to us all things that pertain to life and godliness, through the knowledge of him that has called us to glory and virtue:

ASV: seeing that his divine power hath granted unto us all things that pertain unto life and godliness, through the knowledge of him that called us by his own glory and virtue;

YLT: As all things to us His divine power (the things pertaining unto life and piety) hath given, through the acknowledgement of him who did call us through glory and worthiness,

Exposition: 2Peter 1:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'According as his divine power hath given unto us all things that pertain unto life and godliness, through the knowledge of him that hath called us to glory and virtue:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Peter 1:4

Greek

διʼ ὧν τὰ ⸂τίμια καὶ μέγιστα ἡμῖν⸃ ἐπαγγέλματα δεδώρηται, ἵνα διὰ τούτων γένησθε θείας κοινωνοὶ φύσεως, ἀποφυγόντες τῆς ἐν ⸀τῷ κόσμῳ ἐν ἐπιθυμίᾳ φθορᾶς.

di on ta timia kai megista emin epaggelmata dedoretai, ina dia toyton genesthe theias koinonoi physeos, apophygontes tes en to kosmo en epithymia phthoras.

KJV: Whereby are given unto us exceeding great and precious promises: that by these ye might be partakers of the divine nature, having escaped the corruption that is in the world through lust.

AKJV: Whereby are given to us exceeding great and precious promises: that by these you might be partakers of the divine nature, having escaped the corruption that is in the world through lust.

ASV: whereby he hath granted unto us his precious and exceeding great promises; that through these ye may become partakers of the divine nature, having escaped from the corruption that is in the world by lust.

YLT: through which to us the most great and precious promises have been given, that through these ye may become partakers of a divine nature, having escaped from the corruption in the world in desires.

Exposition: 2Peter 1:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Whereby are given unto us exceeding great and precious promises: that by these ye might be partakers of the divine nature, having escaped the corruption that is in the world through lust.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Peter 1:5

Greek

καὶ αὐτὸ τοῦτο δὲ σπουδὴν πᾶσαν παρεισενέγκαντες ἐπιχορηγήσατε ἐν τῇ πίστει ὑμῶν τὴν ἀρετήν, ἐν δὲ τῇ ἀρετῇ τὴν γνῶσιν,

kai ayto toyto de spoyden pasan pareisenegkantes epichoregesate en te pistei ymon ten areten, en de te arete ten gnosin,

KJV: And beside this, giving all diligence, add to your faith virtue; and to virtue knowledge;

AKJV: And beside this, giving all diligence, add to your faith virtue; and to virtue knowledge;

ASV: Yea, and for this very cause adding on your part all diligence, in your faith supply virtue; and in your virtue knowledge;

YLT: And this same also--all diligence having brought in besides, superadd in your faith the worthiness, and in the worthiness the knowledge,

Exposition: 2Peter 1:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And beside this, giving all diligence, add to your faith virtue; and to virtue knowledge;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Peter 1:6

Greek

ἐν δὲ τῇ γνώσει τὴν ἐγκράτειαν, ἐν δὲ τῇ ἐγκρατείᾳ τὴν ὑπομονήν, ἐν δὲ τῇ ὑπομονῇ τὴν εὐσέβειαν,

en de te gnosei ten egkrateian, en de te egkrateia ten ypomonen, en de te ypomone ten eysebeian,

KJV: And to knowledge temperance; and to temperance patience; and to patience godliness;

AKJV: And to knowledge temperance; and to temperance patience; and to patience godliness;

ASV: and in your knowledge self-control; and in your self-control patience; and in your patience godliness;

YLT: and in the knowledge the temperance, and in the temperance the endurance, and in the endurance the piety,

Exposition: 2Peter 1:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And to knowledge temperance; and to temperance patience; and to patience godliness;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Peter 1:7

Greek

ἐν δὲ τῇ εὐσεβείᾳ τὴν φιλαδελφίαν, ἐν δὲ τῇ φιλαδελφίᾳ τὴν ἀγάπην·

en de te eysebeia ten philadelphian, en de te philadelphia ten agapen·

KJV: And to godliness brotherly kindness; and to brotherly kindness charity.

AKJV: And to godliness brotherly kindness; and to brotherly kindness charity.

ASV: and in your godliness brotherly kindness; and in your brotherly kindness love.

YLT: and in the piety the brotherly kindness, and in the brotherly kindness the love;

Exposition: 2Peter 1:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And to godliness brotherly kindness; and to brotherly kindness charity.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Peter 1:8

Greek

ταῦτα γὰρ ὑμῖν ὑπάρχοντα καὶ πλεονάζοντα οὐκ ἀργοὺς οὐδὲ ἀκάρπους καθίστησιν εἰς τὴν τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐπίγνωσιν·

tayta gar ymin yparchonta kai pleonazonta oyk argoys oyde akarpoys kathistesin eis ten toy kyrioy emon Iesoy Christoy epignosin·

KJV: For if these things be in you, and abound, they make you that ye shall neither be barren nor unfruitful in the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ.

AKJV: For if these things be in you, and abound, they make you that you shall neither be barren nor unfruitful in the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ.

ASV: For if these things are yours and abound, they make you to be not idle nor unfruitful unto the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ.

YLT: for these things being to you and abounding, do make you neither inert nor unfruitful in regard to the acknowledging of our Lord Jesus Christ,

Exposition: 2Peter 1:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For if these things be in you, and abound, they make you that ye shall neither be barren nor unfruitful in the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Peter 1:9

Greek

ᾧ γὰρ μὴ πάρεστιν ταῦτα, τυφλός ἐστιν μυωπάζων, λήθην λαβὼν τοῦ καθαρισμοῦ τῶν πάλαι αὐτοῦ ⸀ἁμαρτημάτων.

o gar me parestin tayta, typhlos estin myopazon, lethen labon toy katharismoy ton palai aytoy amartematon.

KJV: But he that lacketh these things is blind, and cannot see afar off, and hath forgotten that he was purged from his old sins.

AKJV: But he that lacks these things is blind, and cannot see afar off, and has forgotten that he was purged from his old sins.

ASV: For he that lacketh these things is blind, seeing only what is near, having forgotten the cleansing from his old sins.

YLT: for he with whom these things are not present is blind, dim-sighted, having become forgetful of the cleansing of his old sins;

Exposition: 2Peter 1:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But he that lacketh these things is blind, and cannot see afar off, and hath forgotten that he was purged from his old sins.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Peter 1:10

Greek

διὸ μᾶλλον, ἀδελφοί, σπουδάσατε βεβαίαν ὑμῶν τὴν κλῆσιν καὶ ἐκλογὴν ποιεῖσθαι· ταῦτα γὰρ ποιοῦντες οὐ μὴ πταίσητέ ποτε·

dio mallon, adelphoi, spoydasate bebaian ymon ten klesin kai eklogen poieisthai· tayta gar poioyntes oy me ptaisete pote·

KJV: Wherefore the rather, brethren, give diligence to make your calling and election sure: for if ye do these things, ye shall never fall:

AKJV: Why the rather, brothers, give diligence to make your calling and election sure: for if you do these things, you shall never fall:

ASV: Wherefore, brethren, give the more diligence to make your calling and election sure: for if ye do these things, ye shall never stumble:

YLT: wherefore, the rather, brethren, be diligent to make stedfast your calling and choice, for these things doing, ye may never stumble,

Exposition: 2Peter 1:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Wherefore the rather, brethren, give diligence to make your calling and election sure: for if ye do these things, ye shall never fall:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Peter 1:11

Greek

οὕτως γὰρ πλουσίως ἐπιχορηγηθήσεται ὑμῖν ἡ εἴσοδος εἰς τὴν αἰώνιον βασιλείαν τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν καὶ σωτῆρος Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ.

oytos gar ploysios epichoregethesetai ymin e eisodos eis ten aionion basileian toy kyrioy emon kai soteros Iesoy Christoy.

KJV: For so an entrance shall be ministered unto you abundantly into the everlasting kingdom of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ.

AKJV: For so an entrance shall be ministered to you abundantly into the everlasting kingdom of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.

ASV: for thus shall be richly supplied unto you the entrance into the eternal kingdom of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ.

YLT: for so, richly shall be superadded to you the entrance into the age-during reign of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ.

Exposition: 2Peter 1:11 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For so an entrance shall be ministered unto you abundantly into the everlasting kingdom of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Peter 1:12

Greek

Διὸ ⸀μελλήσω ἀεὶ ὑμᾶς ὑπομιμνῄσκειν περὶ τούτων, καίπερ εἰδότας καὶ ἐστηριγμένους ἐν τῇ παρούσῃ ἀληθείᾳ.

Dio melleso aei ymas ypomimneskein peri toyton, kaiper eidotas kai esterigmenoys en te paroyse aletheia.

KJV: Wherefore I will not be negligent to put you always in remembrance of these things, though ye know them, and be established in the present truth.

AKJV: Why I will not be negligent to put you always in remembrance of these things, though you know them, and be established in the present truth.

ASV: Wherefore I shall be ready always to put you in remembrance of these things, though ye know them, and are established in the truth which is with you.

YLT: Wherefore, I will not be careless always to remind you concerning these things, though, having known them, and having been established in the present truth,

Exposition: 2Peter 1:12 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Wherefore I will not be negligent to put you always in remembrance of these things, though ye know them, and be established in the present truth.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Peter 1:13

Greek

δίκαιον δὲ ἡγοῦμαι, ἐφʼ ὅσον εἰμὶ ἐν τούτῳ τῷ σκηνώματι, διεγείρειν ὑμᾶς ἐν ὑπομνήσει,

dikaion de egoymai, eph oson eimi en toyto to skenomati, diegeirein ymas en ypomnesei,

KJV: Yea, I think it meet, as long as I am in this tabernacle, to stir you up by putting you in remembrance;

AKJV: Yes, I think it meet, as long as I am in this tabernacle, to stir you up by putting you in remembrance;

ASV: And I think it right, as long as I am in this tabernacle, to stir you up by putting you in remembrance;

YLT: and I think right, so long as I am in this tabernacle, to stir you up in reminding you ,

Exposition: 2Peter 1:13 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Yea, I think it meet, as long as I am in this tabernacle, to stir you up by putting you in remembrance;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Peter 1:14

Greek

εἰδὼς ὅτι ταχινή ἐστιν ἡ ἀπόθεσις τοῦ σκηνώματός μου, καθὼς καὶ ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς ἐδήλωσέν μοι·

eidos oti tachine estin e apothesis toy skenomatos moy, kathos kai o kyrios emon Iesoys Christos edelosen moi·

KJV: Knowing that shortly I must put off this my tabernacle, even as our Lord Jesus Christ hath shewed me.

AKJV: Knowing that shortly I must put off this my tabernacle, even as our Lord Jesus Christ has showed me.

ASV: knowing that the putting off of my tabernacle cometh swiftly, even as our Lord Jesus Christ signified unto me.

YLT: having known that soon is the laying aside of my tabernacle, even as also our Lord Jesus Christ did shew to me,

Exposition: 2Peter 1:14 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Knowing that shortly I must put off this my tabernacle, even as our Lord Jesus Christ hath shewed me.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Peter 1:15

Greek

σπουδάσω δὲ καὶ ἑκάστοτε ἔχειν ὑμᾶς μετὰ τὴν ἐμὴν ἔξοδον τὴν τούτων μνήμην ποιεῖσθαι.

spoydaso de kai ekastote echein ymas meta ten emen exodon ten toyton mnemen poieisthai.

KJV: Moreover I will endeavour that ye may be able after my decease to have these things always in remembrance.

AKJV: Moreover I will endeavor that you may be able after my decease to have these things always in remembrance.

ASV: Yea, I will give diligence that at every time ye may be able after my decease to call these things to remembrance.

YLT: and I will be diligent that also at every time ye have, after my outgoing, power to make to yourselves the remembrance of these things.

Exposition: 2Peter 1:15 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Moreover I will endeavour that ye may be able after my decease to have these things always in remembrance.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Peter 1:16

Greek

Οὐ γὰρ σεσοφισμένοις μύθοις ἐξακολουθήσαντες ἐγνωρίσαμεν ὑμῖν τὴν τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ δύναμιν καὶ παρουσίαν, ἀλλʼ ἐπόπται γενηθέντες τῆς ἐκείνου μεγαλειότητος.

Oy gar sesophismenois mythois exakoloythesantes egnorisamen ymin ten toy kyrioy emon Iesoy Christoy dynamin kai paroysian, all epoptai genethentes tes ekeinoy megaleiotetos.

KJV: For we have not followed cunningly devised fables, when we made known unto you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, but were eyewitnesses of his majesty.

AKJV: For we have not followed cunningly devised fables, when we made known to you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, but were eyewitnesses of his majesty.

ASV: For we did not follow cunningly devised fables, when we made known unto you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, but we were eyewitnesses of his majesty.

YLT: For, skilfully devised fables not having followed out, we did make known to you the power and presence of our Lord Jesus Christ, but eye-witnesses having become of his majesty--

Exposition: 2Peter 1:16 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For we have not followed cunningly devised fables, when we made known unto you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, but were eyewitnesses of his majesty.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Peter 1:17

Greek

λαβὼν γὰρ παρὰ θεοῦ πατρὸς τιμὴν καὶ δόξαν φωνῆς ἐνεχθείσης αὐτῷ τοιᾶσδε ὑπὸ τῆς μεγαλοπρεποῦς δόξης· ⸂Ὁ υἱός μου ὁ ἀγαπητός μου οὗτός ἐστιν⸃, εἰς ὃν ἐγὼ εὐδόκησα—

labon gar para theoy patros timen kai doxan phones enechtheises ayto toiasde ypo tes megaloprepoys doxes· O yios moy o agapetos moy oytos estin, eis on ego eydokesa

KJV: For he received from God the Father honour and glory, when there came such a voice to him from the excellent glory, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.

AKJV: For he received from God the Father honor and glory, when there came such a voice to him from the excellent glory, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.

ASV: For he received from God the Father honor and glory, when there was borne such a voice to him by the Majestic Glory, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased:

YLT: for having received from God the Father honour and glory, such a voice being borne to him by the excellent glory: `This is My Son--the beloved, in whom I was well pleased;'

Exposition: 2Peter 1:17 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For he received from God the Father honour and glory, when there came such a voice to him from the excellent glory, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Peter 1:18

Greek

καὶ ταύτην τὴν φωνὴν ἡμεῖς ἠκούσαμεν ἐξ οὐρανοῦ ἐνεχθεῖσαν σὺν αὐτῷ ὄντες ἐν τῷ ⸂ἁγίῳ ὄρει⸃.

kai tayten ten phonen emeis ekoysamen ex oyranoy enechtheisan syn ayto ontes en to agio orei.

KJV: And this voice which came from heaven we heard, when we were with him in the holy mount.

AKJV: And this voice which came from heaven we heard, when we were with him in the holy mount.

ASV: and this voice we ourselves heard borne out of heaven, when we were with him in the holy mount.

YLT: and this voice we--we did hear, out of heaven borne, being with him in the holy mount.

Exposition: 2Peter 1:18 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And this voice which came from heaven we heard, when we were with him in the holy mount.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Peter 1:19

Greek

καὶ ἔχομεν βεβαιότερον τὸν προφητικὸν λόγον, ᾧ καλῶς ποιεῖτε προσέχοντες ὡς λύχνῳ φαίνοντι ἐν αὐχμηρῷ τόπῳ, ἕως οὗ ἡμέρα διαυγάσῃ καὶ φωσφόρος ἀνατείλῃ ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν·

kai echomen bebaioteron ton prophetikon logon, o kalos poieite prosechontes os lychno phainonti en aychmero topo, eos oy emera diaygase kai phosphoros anateile en tais kardiais ymon·

KJV: We have also a more sure word of prophecy; whereunto ye do well that ye take heed, as unto a light that shineth in a dark place, until the day dawn, and the day star arise in your hearts:

AKJV: We have also a more sure word of prophecy; to which you do well that you take heed, as to a light that shines in a dark place, until the day dawn, and the day star arise in your hearts:

ASV: And we have the word of prophecy made more sure; whereunto ye do well that ye take heed, as unto a lamp shining in a dark place, until the day dawn, and the day-star arise in your hearts:

YLT: And we have more firm the prophetic word, to which we do well giving heed, as to a lamp shining in a dark place, till day may dawn, and a morning star may arise--in your hearts;

Exposition: 2Peter 1:19 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'We have also a more sure word of prophecy; whereunto ye do well that ye take heed, as unto a light that shineth in a dark place, until the day dawn, and the day star arise in your hearts:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Peter 1:20

Greek

τοῦτο πρῶτον γινώσκοντες ὅτι πᾶσα προφητεία γραφῆς ἰδίας ἐπιλύσεως οὐ γίνεται,

toyto proton ginoskontes oti pasa propheteia graphes idias epilyseos oy ginetai,

KJV: Knowing this first, that no prophecy of the scripture is of any private interpretation.

AKJV: Knowing this first, that no prophecy of the scripture is of any private interpretation.

ASV: knowing this first, that no prophecy of scripture is of private interpretation.

YLT: this first knowing, that no prophecy of the Writing doth come of private exposition,

Exposition: 2Peter 1:20 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Knowing this first, that no prophecy of the scripture is of any private interpretation.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Peter 1:21

Greek

οὐ γὰρ θελήματι ἀνθρώπου ἠνέχθη ⸂προφητεία ποτέ⸃, ἀλλὰ ὑπὸ πνεύματος ἁγίου φερόμενοι ἐλάλησαν ⸀ἀπὸ θεοῦ ἄνθρωποι.

oy gar thelemati anthropoy enechthe propheteia pote, alla ypo pneymatos agioy pheromenoi elalesan apo theoy anthropoi.

KJV: For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man: but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost.

AKJV: For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man: but holy men of God spoke as they were moved by the Holy Ghost.

ASV: For no prophecy ever came by the will of man: but men spake from God, being moved by the Holy Spirit.

YLT: for not by will of man did ever prophecy come, but by the Holy Spirit borne on holy men of God spake.

Exposition: 2Peter 1:21 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man: but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.