Apologetics Bible

2Samuel 10:1

Hebrew

וַֽיְהִי אַֽחֲרֵי־כֵן וַיָּמָת מֶלֶךְ בְּנֵי עַמּוֹן וַיִּמְלֹךְ חָנוּן בְּנוֹ תַּחְתָּֽיו׃

vayehiy-'acharey-khen-vayamat-melekhe-veney-'amvon-vayimelokhe-chanvn-venvo-tachetayv

KJV: And it came to pass after this, that the king of the children of Ammon died, and Hanun his son reigned in his stead.

AKJV: And it came to pass after this, that the king of the children of Ammon died, and Hanun his son reigned in his stead.

ASV: And it came to pass after this, that the king of the children of Ammon died, and Hanun his son reigned in his stead.

YLT: And it cometh to pass afterwards, that the king of the Bene-Ammon dieth, and Hanun his son reigneth in his stead,

Exposition: 2Samuel 10:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And it came to pass after this, that the king of the children of Ammon died, and Hanun his son reigned in his stead.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Samuel 10:2

Hebrew

וַיֹּאמֶר דָּוִד אֶעֱשֶׂה־חֶסֶד ׀ עִם־חָנוּן בֶּן־נָחָשׁ כַּאֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה אָבִיו עִמָּדִי חֶסֶד וַיִּשְׁלַח דָּוִד לְנַחֲמוֹ בְּיַד־עֲבָדָיו אֶל־אָבִיו וַיָּבֹאוּ עַבְדֵי דָוִד אֶרֶץ בְּנֵי עַמּֽוֹן׃

vayo'mer-david-'e'esheh-chesed- -'im-chanvn-ven-nachash-kha'asher-'ashah-'aviyv-'imadiy-chesed-vayishelach-david-lenachamvo-veyad-'avadayv-'el-'aviyv-vayavo'v-'avedey-david-'eretz-veney-'amvon

KJV: Then said David, I will shew kindness unto Hanun the son of Nahash, as his father shewed kindness unto me. And David sent to comfort him by the hand of his servants for his father. And David’s servants came into the land of the children of Ammon.

AKJV: Then said David, I will show kindness to Hanun the son of Nahash, as his father showed kindness to me. And David sent to comfort him by the hand of his servants for his father. And David’s servants came into the land of the children of Ammon.

ASV: And David said, I will show kindness unto Hanun the son of Nahash, as his father showed kindness unto me. So David sent by his servants to comfort him concerning his father. And David’s servants came into the land of the children of Ammon.

YLT: and David saith, `I do kindness with Hanun son of Nahash, as his father did with me kindness;' and David sendeth to comfort him by the hand of his servants concerning his father, and the servants of David come in to the land of the Bene-Ammon.

Exposition: 2Samuel 10:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then said David, I will shew kindness unto Hanun the son of Nahash, as his father shewed kindness unto me. And David sent to comfort him by the hand of his servants for his father. And David’s servants came into the l...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Samuel 10:3

Hebrew

וַיֹּאמְרוּ שָׂרֵי בְנֵֽי־עַמּוֹן אֶל־חָנוּן אֲדֹֽנֵיהֶם הַֽמְכַבֵּד דָּוִד אֶת־אָבִיךָ בְּעֵינֶיךָ כִּֽי־שָׁלַח לְךָ מְנַֽחֲמִים הֲלוֹא בַּעֲבוּר חֲקוֹר אֶת־הָעִיר וּלְרַגְּלָהּ וּלְהָפְכָהּ שָׁלַח דָּוִד אֶת־עֲבָדָיו אֵלֶֽיךָ׃

vayo'merv-sharey-veney-'amvon-'el-chanvn-'adoneyhem-hamekhaved-david-'et-'aviykha-ve'eyneykha-khiy-shalach-lekha-menachamiym-halvo'-va'avvr-chaqvor-'et-ha'iyr-vleragelah-vlehafekhah-shalach-david-'et-'avadayv-'eleykha

KJV: And the princes of the children of Ammon said unto Hanun their lord, Thinkest thou that David doth honour thy father, that he hath sent comforters unto thee? hath not David rather sent his servants unto thee, to search the city, and to spy it out, and to overthrow it?

AKJV: And the princes of the children of Ammon said to Hanun their lord, Think you that David does honor your father, that he has sent comforters to you? has not David rather sent his servants to you, to search the city, and to spy it out, and to overthrow it?

ASV: But the princes of the children of Ammon said unto Hanun their lord, Thinkest thou that David doth honor thy father, in that he hath sent comforters unto thee? hath not David sent his servants unto thee to search the city, and to spy it out, and to overthrow it?

YLT: And the heads of the Bene-Ammon say unto Hanun their lord, `Is David honouring thy father in thine eyes because he hath sent to thee comforters? for to search the city, and to spy it, and to overthrow it, hath not David sent his servants unto thee?'

Exposition: 2Samuel 10:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the princes of the children of Ammon said unto Hanun their lord, Thinkest thou that David doth honour thy father, that he hath sent comforters unto thee? hath not David rather sent his servants unto thee, to searc...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Samuel 10:4

Hebrew

וַיִּקַּח חָנוּן אֶת־עַבְדֵי דָוִד וַיְגַלַּח אֶת־חֲצִי זְקָנָם וַיִּכְרֹת אֶת־מַדְוֵיהֶם בַּחֵצִי עַד שְׁתֽוֹתֵיהֶם וַֽיְשַׁלְּחֵֽם׃

vayiqach-chanvn-'et-'avedey-david-vayegalach-'et-chatziy-zeqanam-vayikherot-'et-madeveyhem-vachetziy-'ad-shetvoteyhem-vayeshalechem

KJV: Wherefore Hanun took David’s servants, and shaved off the one half of their beards, and cut off their garments in the middle, even to their buttocks, and sent them away.

AKJV: Why Hanun took David’s servants, and shaved off the one half of their beards, and cut off their garments in the middle, even to their buttocks, and sent them away.

ASV: So Hanun took David’s servants, and shaved off the one half of their beards, and cut off their garments in the middle, even to their buttocks, and sent them away.

YLT: And Hanun taketh the servants of David, and shaveth off the half of their beard, and cutteth off their long robes in the midst--unto their buttocks, and sendeth them away;

Exposition: 2Samuel 10:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Wherefore Hanun took David’s servants, and shaved off the one half of their beards, and cut off their garments in the middle, even to their buttocks, and sent them away.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Samuel 10:5

Hebrew

וַיַּגִּדוּ לְדָוִד וַיִּשְׁלַח לִקְרָאתָם כִּֽי־הָיוּ הָאֲנָשִׁים נִכְלָמִים מְאֹד וַיֹּאמֶר הַמֶּלֶךְ שְׁבוּ בִֽירֵחוֹ עַד־יְצַמַּח זְקַנְכֶם וְשַׁבְתֶּֽם׃

vayagidv-ledavid-vayishelach-liqera'tam-khiy-hayv-ha'anashiym-nikhelamiym-me'od-vayo'mer-hamelekhe-shevv-viyrechvo-'ad-yetzamach-zeqanekhem-veshavetem

KJV: When they told it unto David, he sent to meet them, because the men were greatly ashamed: and the king said, Tarry at Jericho until your beards be grown, and then return.

AKJV: When they told it to David, he sent to meet them, because the men were greatly ashamed: and the king said, Tarry at Jericho until your beards be grown, and then return. ¶

ASV: When they told it unto David, he sent to meet them; for the men were greatly ashamed. And the king said, Tarry at Jericho until your beards be grown, and then return.

YLT: and they declare it to David, and he sendeth to meet them, for the men have been greatly ashamed, and the king saith, `Abide in Jericho till your beard doth spring up--then ye have returned.'

Exposition: 2Samuel 10:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'When they told it unto David, he sent to meet them, because the men were greatly ashamed: and the king said, Tarry at Jericho until your beards be grown, and then return.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Samuel 10:6

Hebrew

וַיִּרְאוּ בְּנֵי עַמּוֹן כִּי נִבְאֲשׁוּ בְּדָוִד וַיִּשְׁלְחוּ בְנֵֽי־עַמּוֹן וַיִּשְׂכְּרוּ אֶת־אֲרַם בֵּית־רְחוֹב וְאֶת־אֲרַם צוֹבָא עֶשְׂרִים אֶלֶף רַגְלִי וְאֶת־מֶלֶךְ מַֽעֲכָה אֶלֶף אִישׁ וְאִישׁ טוֹב שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂר אֶלֶף אִֽישׁ׃

vayire'v-veney-'amvon-khiy-nive'ashv-vedavid-vayishelechv-veney-'amvon-vayishekherv-'et-'aram-veyt-rechvov-ve'et-'aram-tzvova'-'esheriym-'elef-rageliy-ve'et-melekhe-ma'akhah-'elef-'iysh-ve'iysh-tvov-sheneym-'ashar-'elef-'iysh

KJV: And when the children of Ammon saw that they stank before David, the children of Ammon sent and hired the Syrians of Beth–rehob, and the Syrians of Zoba, twenty thousand footmen, and of king Maacah a thousand men, and of Ish–tob twelve thousand men.

AKJV: And when the children of Ammon saw that they stank before David, the children of Ammon sent and hired the Syrians of Bethrehob and the Syrians of Zoba, twenty thousand footmen, and of king Maacah a thousand men, and of Ishtob twelve thousand men.

ASV: And when the children of Ammon saw that they were become odious to David, the children of Ammon sent and hired the Syrians of Beth-rehob, and the Syrians of Zobah, twenty thousand footmen, and the king of Maacah with a thousand men, and the men of Tob twelve thousand men.

YLT: And the Bene-Ammon see that they have been abhorred by David, and the Bene-Ammon send and hire Aram of Beth-Rehob, and Aram of Zoba, twenty thousand footmen, and the king of Maacah with a thousand men, and Ish-Tob with twelve thousand men;

Exposition: 2Samuel 10:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when the children of Ammon saw that they stank before David, the children of Ammon sent and hired the Syrians of Beth–rehob, and the Syrians of Zoba, twenty thousand footmen, and of king Maacah a thousand men, and...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Samuel 10:7

Hebrew

וַיִּשְׁמַע דָּוִד וַיִּשְׁלַח אֶת־יוֹאָב וְאֵת כָּל־הַצָּבָא הַגִּבֹּרִֽים׃

vayishema'-david-vayishelach-'et-yvo'av-ve'et-khal-hatzava'-hagivoriym

KJV: And when David heard of it, he sent Joab, and all the host of the mighty men.

AKJV: And when David heard of it, he sent Joab, and all the host of the mighty men.

ASV: And when David heard of it, he sent Joab, and all the host of the mighty men.

YLT: and David heareth, and sendeth Joab, and all the host--the mighty men.

Exposition: 2Samuel 10:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when David heard of it, he sent Joab, and all the host of the mighty men.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Samuel 10:8

Hebrew

וַיֵּֽצְאוּ בְּנֵי עַמּוֹן וַיַּעַרְכוּ מִלְחָמָה פֶּתַח הַשָּׁעַר וַאֲרַם צוֹבָא וּרְחוֹב וְאִֽישׁ־טוֹב וּמַֽעֲכָה לְבַדָּם בַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃

vayetze'v-veney-'amvon-vaya'arekhv-milechamah-fetach-hasha'ar-va'aram-tzvova'-vrechvov-ve'iysh-tvov-vma'akhah-levadam-vashadeh

KJV: And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array at the entering in of the gate: and the Syrians of Zoba, and of Rehob, and Ish–tob, and Maacah, were by themselves in the field.

AKJV: And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array at the entering in of the gate: and the Syrians of Zoba, and of Rehob, and Ishtob, and Maacah, were by themselves in the field.

ASV: And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array at the entrance of the gate: and the Syrians of Zobah and of Rehob, and the men of Tob and Maacah, were by themselves in the field.

YLT: And the Bene-Ammon come out, and set battle in array, at the opening of the gate, and Aram of Zoba, and Rehob, and Ish-Tob, and Maacah, are by themselves in the field;

Exposition: 2Samuel 10:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array at the entering in of the gate: and the Syrians of Zoba, and of Rehob, and Ish–tob, and Maacah, were by themselves in the field.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Samuel 10:9

Hebrew

וַיַּרְא יוֹאָב כִּֽי־הָיְתָה אֵלָיו פְּנֵי הַמִּלְחָמָה מִפָּנִים וּמֵֽאָחוֹר וַיִּבְחַר מִכֹּל בְּחוּרֵי בישראל יִשְׂרָאֵל וַֽיַּעֲרֹךְ לִקְרַאת אֲרָֽם׃

vayare'-yvo'av-khiy-hayetah-'elayv-feney-hamilechamah-mifaniym-vme'achvor-vayivechar-mikhol-vechvrey-vyshr'l-yishera'el-vaya'arokhe-liqera't-'aram

KJV: When Joab saw that the front of the battle was against him before and behind, he chose of all the choice men of Israel, and put them in array against the Syrians:

AKJV: When Joab saw that the front of the battle was against him before and behind, he chose of all the choice men of Israel, and put them in array against the Syrians:

ASV: Now when Joab saw that the battle was set against him before and behind, he chose of all the choice men of Israel, and put them in array against the Syrians:

YLT: and Joab seeth that the front of the battle hath been unto him before and behind, and he chooseth of all the chosen in Israel, and setteth in array to meet Aram,

Exposition: 2Samuel 10:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'When Joab saw that the front of the battle was against him before and behind, he chose of all the choice men of Israel, and put them in array against the Syrians:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Samuel 10:10

Hebrew

וְאֵת יֶתֶר הָעָם נָתַן בְּיַד אַבְשַׁי אָחִיו וַֽיַּעֲרֹךְ לִקְרַאת בְּנֵי עַמּֽוֹן׃

ve'et-yeter-ha'am-natan-veyad-'aveshay-'achiyv-vaya'arokhe-liqera't-veney-'amvon

KJV: And the rest of the people he delivered into the hand of Abishai his brother, that he might put them in array against the children of Ammon.

AKJV: And the rest of the people he delivered into the hand of Abishai his brother, that he might put them in array against the children of Ammon.

ASV: and the rest of the people he committed into the hand of Abishai his brother; and he put them in array against the children of Ammon.

YLT: and the rest of the people he hath given into the hand of Abishai his brother, and setteth in array to meet the Bene-Ammon.

Exposition: 2Samuel 10:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the rest of the people he delivered into the hand of Abishai his brother, that he might put them in array against the children of Ammon.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Samuel 10:11

Hebrew

וַיֹּאמֶר אִם־תֶּחֱזַק אֲרָם מִמֶּנִּי וְהָיִתָה לִּי לִֽישׁוּעָה וְאִם־בְּנֵי עַמּוֹן יֶחֱזְקוּ מִמְּךָ וְהָלַכְתִּי לְהוֹשִׁיעַֽ לָֽךְ׃

vayo'mer-'im-techezaq-'aram-mimeniy-vehayitah-liy-liyshv'ah-ve'im-veney-'amvon-yechezeqv-mimekha-vehalakhetiy-lehvoshiy'a-lakhe

KJV: And he said, If the Syrians be too strong for me, then thou shalt help me: but if the children of Ammon be too strong for thee, then I will come and help thee.

AKJV: And he said, If the Syrians be too strong for me, then you shall help me: but if the children of Ammon be too strong for you, then I will come and help you.

ASV: And he said, If the Syrians be too strong for me, then thou shalt help me; but if the children of Ammon be too strong for thee, then I will come and help thee.

YLT: And he saith, `If Aram be stronger than I, then thou hast been to me for salvation, and if the Bene-Ammon be stronger than thou, then I have come to give salvation to thee;

Exposition: 2Samuel 10:11 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he said, If the Syrians be too strong for me, then thou shalt help me: but if the children of Ammon be too strong for thee, then I will come and help thee.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Samuel 10:12

Hebrew

חֲזַק וְנִתְחַזַּק בְּעַד־עַמֵּנוּ וּבְעַד עָרֵי אֱלֹהֵינוּ וַֽיהוָה יַעֲשֶׂה הַטּוֹב בְּעֵינָֽיו׃

chazaq-venitechazaq-ve'ad-'amenv-vve'ad-'arey-'eloheynv-vayhvah-ya'asheh-hatvov-ve'eynayv

KJV: Be of good courage, and let us play the men for our people, and for the cities of our God: and the LORD do that which seemeth him good.

AKJV: Be of good courage, and let us play the men for our people, and for the cities of our God: and the LORD do that which seems him good.

ASV: Be of good courage, and let us play the man for our people, and for the cities of our God: and Jehovah do that which seemeth him good.

YLT: be strong and strengthen thyself for our people, and for the cities of our God, and Jehovah doth that which is good in His eyes.'

Exposition: 2Samuel 10:12 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Be of good courage, and let us play the men for our people, and for the cities of our God: and the LORD do that which seemeth him good.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Samuel 10:13

Hebrew

וַיִּגַּשׁ יוֹאָב וְהָעָם אֲשֶׁר עִמּוֹ לַמִּלְחָמָה בּֽ͏ַאֲרָם וַיָּנֻסוּ מִפָּנָֽיו׃

vayigash-yvo'av-veha'am-'asher-'imvo-lamilechamah-va'aram-vayanusv-mifanayv

KJV: And Joab drew nigh, and the people that were with him, unto the battle against the Syrians: and they fled before him.

AKJV: And Joab drew near, and the people that were with him, to the battle against the Syrians: and they fled before him.

ASV: So Joab and the people that were with him drew nigh unto the battle against the Syrians: and they fled before him.

YLT: And Joab draweth nigh, and the people who are with him, to battle against Aram, and they flee from his presence;

Exposition: 2Samuel 10:13 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Joab drew nigh, and the people that were with him, unto the battle against the Syrians: and they fled before him.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Samuel 10:14

Hebrew

וּבְנֵי עַמּוֹן רָאוּ כִּי־נָס אֲרָם וַיָּנֻסוּ מִפְּנֵי אֲבִישַׁי וַיָּבֹאוּ הָעִיר וַיָּשָׁב יוֹאָב מֵעַל בְּנֵי עַמּוֹן וַיָּבֹא יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃

vveney-'amvon-ra'v-khiy-nas-'aram-vayanusv-mifeney-'aviyshay-vayavo'v-ha'iyr-vayashav-yvo'av-me'al-veney-'amvon-vayavo'-yervshalaim

KJV: And when the children of Ammon saw that the Syrians were fled, then fled they also before Abishai, and entered into the city. So Joab returned from the children of Ammon, and came to Jerusalem.

AKJV: And when the children of Ammon saw that the Syrians were fled, then fled they also before Abishai, and entered into the city. So Joab returned from the children of Ammon, and came to Jerusalem. ¶

ASV: And when the children of Ammon saw that the Syrians were fled, they likewise fled before Abishai, and entered into the city. Then Joab returned from the children of Ammon, and came to Jerusalem.

YLT: and the Bene-Ammon have seen that Aram hath fled, and they flee from the presence of Abishai, and go in to the city; and Joab turneth back from the Bene-Ammon, and cometh in to Jerusalem.

Exposition: 2Samuel 10:14 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when the children of Ammon saw that the Syrians were fled, then fled they also before Abishai, and entered into the city. So Joab returned from the children of Ammon, and came to Jerusalem.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Samuel 10:15

Hebrew

וַיַּרְא אֲרָם כִּי נִגַּף לִפְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיֵּאָסְפוּ יָֽחַד׃

vayare'-'aram-khiy-nigaf-lifeney-yishera'el-vaye'asefv-yachad

KJV: And when the Syrians saw that they were smitten before Israel, they gathered themselves together.

AKJV: And when the Syrians saw that they were smitten before Israel, they gathered themselves together.

ASV: And when the Syrians saw that they were put to the worse before Israel, they gathered themselves together.

YLT: And Aram seeth that it is smitten before Israel, and they are gathered together;

Exposition: 2Samuel 10:15 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when the Syrians saw that they were smitten before Israel, they gathered themselves together.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Samuel 10:16

Hebrew

וַיִּשְׁלַח הֲדַדְעֶזֶר וַיֹּצֵא אֶת־אֲרָם אֲשֶׁר מֵעֵבֶר הַנָּהָר וַיָּבֹאוּ חֵילָם וְשׁוֹבַךְ שַׂר־צְבָא הֲדַדְעֶזֶר לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃

vayishelach-hadade'ezer-vayotze'-'et-'aram-'asher-me'ever-hanahar-vayavo'v-cheylam-veshvovakhe-shar-tzeva'-hadade'ezer-lifeneyhem

KJV: And Hadarezer sent, and brought out the Syrians that were beyond the river: and they came to Helam; and Shobach the captain of the host of Hadarezer went before them.

AKJV: And Hadarezer sent, and brought out the Syrians that were beyond the river: and they came to Helam; and Shobach the captain of the host of Hadarezer went before them.

ASV: And Hadarezer sent, and brought out the Syrians that were beyond the River: and they came to Helam, with Shobach the captain of the host of Hadarezer at their head.

YLT: and Hadadezer sendeth, and bringeth out Aram which is beyond the River, and they come in to Helam, and Shobach head of the host of Hadadezer is before them.

Exposition: 2Samuel 10:16 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Hadarezer sent, and brought out the Syrians that were beyond the river: and they came to Helam; and Shobach the captain of the host of Hadarezer went before them.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Samuel 10:17

Hebrew

וַיֻּגַּד לְדָוִד וַיֶּאֱסֹף אֶת־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיַּעֲבֹר אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּן וַיָּבֹא חֵלָאמָה וַיַּעַרְכוּ אֲרָם לִקְרַאת דָּוִד וַיִּלָּחֲמוּ עִמּֽוֹ׃

vayugad-ledavid-vaye'esof-'et-khal-yishera'el-vaya'avor-'et-hayareden-vayavo'-chela'mah-vaya'arekhv-'aram-liqera't-david-vayilachamv-'imvo

KJV: And when it was told David, he gathered all Israel together, and passed over Jordan, and came to Helam. And the Syrians set themselves in array against David, and fought with him.

AKJV: And when it was told David, he gathered all Israel together, and passed over Jordan, and came to Helam. And the Syrians set themselves in array against David, and fought with him.

ASV: And it was told David; and he gathered all Israel together, and passed over the Jordan, and came to Helam. And the Syrians set themselves in array against David, and fought with him.

YLT: And it is declared to David, and he gathereth all Israel, and passeth over the Jordan, and cometh in to Helam, and Aram setteth itself in array to meet David, and they fight with him;

Exposition: 2Samuel 10:17 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when it was told David, he gathered all Israel together, and passed over Jordan, and came to Helam. And the Syrians set themselves in array against David, and fought with him.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Samuel 10:18

Hebrew

וַיָּנָס אֲרָם מִפְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיַּהֲרֹג דָּוִד מֵאֲרָם שְׁבַע מֵאוֹת רֶכֶב וְאַרְבָּעִים אֶלֶף פָּרָשִׁים וְאֵת שׁוֹבַךְ שַׂר־צְבָאוֹ הִכָּה וַיָּמָת שָֽׁם׃

vayanas-'aram-mifeney-yishera'el-vayaharog-david-me'aram-sheva'-me'vot-rekhev-ve'areva'iym-'elef-farashiym-ve'et-shvovakhe-shar-tzeva'vo-hikhah-vayamat-sham

KJV: And the Syrians fled before Israel; and David slew the men of seven hundred chariots of the Syrians, and forty thousand horsemen, and smote Shobach the captain of their host, who died there.

AKJV: And the Syrians fled before Israel; and David slew the men of seven hundred chariots of the Syrians, and forty thousand horsemen, and smote Shobach the captain of their host, who died there.

ASV: And the Syrians fled before Israel; and David slew of the Syrians the men of seven hundred chariots, and forty thousand horsemen, and smote Shobach the captain of their host, so that he died there.

YLT: and Aram fleeth from the presence of Israel, and David slayeth of Aram seven hundred charioteers, and forty thousand horsemen, and Shobach head of its host he hath smitten, and he dieth there.

Exposition: 2Samuel 10:18 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the Syrians fled before Israel; and David slew the men of seven hundred chariots of the Syrians, and forty thousand horsemen, and smote Shobach the captain of their host, who died there.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

2Samuel 10:19

Hebrew

וַיִּרְאוּ כָֽל־הַמְּלָכִים עַבְדֵי הֲדַדְעֶזֶר כִּי נִגְּפוּ לִפְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיַּשְׁלִמוּ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיַּֽעַבְדוּם וַיִּֽרְאוּ אֲרָם לְהוֹשִׁיעַ עוֹד אֶת־בְּנֵי עַמּֽוֹן׃

vayire'v-khal-hamelakhiym-'avedey-hadade'ezer-khiy-nigefv-lifeney-yishera'el-vayashelimv-'et-yishera'el-vaya'avedvm-vayire'v-'aram-lehvoshiy'a-'vod-'et-veney-'amvon

KJV: And when all the kings that were servants to Hadarezer saw that they were smitten before Israel, they made peace with Israel, and served them. So the Syrians feared to help the children of Ammon any more.

AKJV: And when all the kings that were servants to Hadarezer saw that they were smitten before Israel, they made peace with Israel, and served them. So the Syrians feared to help the children of Ammon any more.

ASV: And when all the kings that were servants to Hadarezer saw that they were put to the worse before Israel, they made peace with Israel, and served them. So the Syrians feared to help the children of Ammon any more.

YLT: And all the kings--servants of Hadadezer--see that they have been smitten before Israel, and make peace with Israel, and serve them; and Aram is afraid to help any more the Bene-Ammon.

Exposition: 2Samuel 10:19 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when all the kings that were servants to Hadarezer saw that they were smitten before Israel, they made peace with Israel, and served them. So the Syrians feared to help the children of Ammon any more.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.