Apologetics Bible
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Apologetics exposition helps trace how passages function in canonical argument, what doctrinal claims they touch, and how themes connect across the 66 books.
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2 Samuel records David's unified reign and the pivotal Davidic Covenant (ch. 7) — God's unconditional promise of an eternal throne and kingdom through David's line, cited 30+ times in the NT as fulfilled in Christ.
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Chapter frame
2 Samuel records David's unified reign and the pivotal Davidic Covenant (ch. 7) — God's unconditional promise of an eternal throne and kingdom through David's line, cited 30+ times in the NT as fulfilled in Christ.
The book's integrity is apologetically significant: David's moral failure with Bathsheba and Uriah (chs. 11-12) is recorded in full and unflinching detail. Nathan's parable and David's Psalm 51 response model authentic repentance theology. The book proves the Law's impartiality — even the most favored covenant recipient faces prophetic accountability.
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2Samuel 8:1
Hebrew
וַֽיְהִי אַֽחֲרֵי־כֵן וַיַּךְ דָּוִד אֶת־פְּלִשְׁתִּים וַיַּכְנִיעֵם וַיִּקַּח דָּוִד אֶת־מֶתֶג הָאַמָּה מִיַּד פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים׃vayehiy-'acharey-khen-vayakhe-david-'et-felishetiym-vayakheniy'em-vayiqach-david-'et-meteg-ha'amah-miyad-felishetiym
KJV: And after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them: and David took Metheg–ammah out of the hand of the Philistines.
AKJV: And after this it came to pass that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them: and David took Methegammah out of the hand of the Philistines.
ASV: And after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them: and David took the bridle of the mother city out of the hand of the Philistines.
YLT: And it cometh to pass afterwards that David smiteth the Philistines, and humbleth them, and David taketh the bridle of the metropolis out of the hand of the Philistines.
Exposition: 2Samuel 8:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them: and David took Metheg–ammah out of the hand of the Philistines.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
2Samuel 8:2
Hebrew
וַיַּךְ אֶת־מוֹאָב וַֽיְמַדְּדֵם בַּחֶבֶל הַשְׁכֵּב אוֹתָם אַרְצָה וַיְמַדֵּד שְׁנֵֽי־חֲבָלִים לְהָמִית וּמְלֹא הַחֶבֶל לְהַחֲיוֹת וַתְּהִי מוֹאָב לְדָוִד לַעֲבָדִים נֹשְׂאֵי מִנְחָֽה׃vayakhe-'et-mvo'av-vayemadedem-vachevel-hashekhev-'votam-'aretzah-vayemaded-sheney-chavaliym-lehamiyt-vmelo'-hachevel-lehachayvot-vatehiy-mvo'av-ledavid-la'avadiym-noshe'ey-minechah
KJV: And he smote Moab, and measured them with a line, casting them down to the ground; even with two lines measured he to put to death, and with one full line to keep alive. And so the Moabites became David’s servants, and brought gifts.
AKJV: And he smote Moab, and measured them with a line, casting them down to the ground; even with two lines measured he to put to death, and with one full line to keep alive. And so the Moabites became David’s servants, and brought gifts. ¶
ASV: And he smote Moab, and measured them with the line, making them to lie down on the ground; and he measured two lines to put to death, and one full line to keep alive. And the Moabites became servants to David, and brought tribute.
YLT: And he smiteth Moab, and measureth them with a line, causing them to lie down on the earth, and he measureth two lines to put to death, and the fulness of the line to keep alive, and the Moabites are to David for servants, bearers of a present.
Commentary Witness (Generated)2Samuel 8:2Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
2Samuel 8:2
2Samuel 8:2 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And he smote Moab, and measured them with a line, casting them down to the ground; even with two lines measured he to put to death, and with one full line to keep alive. And so the Moabites became David’s servants, and brought gifts.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
2Samuel 8:2
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Moab
Exposition: 2Samuel 8:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he smote Moab, and measured them with a line, casting them down to the ground; even with two lines measured he to put to death, and with one full line to keep alive. And so the Moabites became David’s servants, an...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
2Samuel 8:3
Hebrew
וַיַּךְ דָּוִד אֶת־הֲדַדְעֶזֶר בֶּן־רְחֹב מֶלֶךְ צוֹבָה בְּלֶכְתּוֹ לְהָשִׁיב יָדוֹ בִּֽנְהַר־פְּרָֽת׃vayakhe-david-'et-hadade'ezer-ven-rechov-melekhe-tzvovah-velekhetvo-lehashiyv-yadvo-vinehar-ferat
KJV: David smote also Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his border at the river Euphrates.
AKJV: David smote also Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his border at the river Euphrates.
ASV: David smote also Hadadezer the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his dominion at the River.
YLT: And David smiteth Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, in his going to bring back his power by the River Euphrates;
Commentary Witness (Generated)2Samuel 8:3Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
2Samuel 8:3
2Samuel 8:3 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'David smote also Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his border at the river Euphrates.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
2Samuel 8:3
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Hadadezer
- Rehob
- Zobah
- Euphrates
Exposition: 2Samuel 8:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'David smote also Hadadezer, the son of Rehob, king of Zobah, as he went to recover his border at the river Euphrates.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
2Samuel 8:4
Hebrew
וַיִּלְכֹּד דָּוִד מִמֶּנּוּ אֶלֶף וּשְׁבַע־מֵאוֹת פָּרָשִׁים וְעֶשְׂרִים אֶלֶף אִישׁ רַגְלִי וַיְעַקֵּר דָּוִד אֶת־כָּל־הָרֶכֶב וַיּוֹתֵר מִמֶּנּוּ מֵאָה רָֽכֶב׃vayilekhod-david-mimenv-'elef-vsheva'-me'vot-farashiym-ve'esheriym-'elef-'iysh-rageliy-vaye'aqer-david-'et-khal-harekhev-vayvoter-mimenv-me'ah-rakhev
KJV: And David took from him a thousand chariots, and seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen: and David houghed all the chariot horses, but reserved of them for an hundred chariots.
AKJV: And David took from him a thousand chariots, and seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen: and David hamstrung all the chariot horses, but reserved of them for an hundred chariots.
ASV: And David took from him a thousand and seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen: and David hocked all the chariot horses, but reserved of them for a hundred chariots.
YLT: and David captureth from him a thousand and seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen, and David destroyeth utterly the whole of the charioteers, only he leaveth of them a hundred charioteers.
Commentary Witness (Generated)2Samuel 8:4Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
2Samuel 8:4
2Samuel 8:4 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And David took from him a thousand chariots, and seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen: and David houghed all the chariot horses, but reserved of them for an hundred chariots.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
2Samuel 8:4
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: 2Samuel 8:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And David took from him a thousand chariots, and seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen: and David houghed all the chariot horses, but reserved of them for an hundred chariots.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
2Samuel 8:5
Hebrew
וַתָּבֹא אֲרַם דַּמֶּשֶׂק לַעְזֹר לַהֲדַדְעֶזֶר מֶלֶךְ צוֹבָה וַיַּךְ דָּוִד בַּֽאֲרָם עֶשְׂרִֽים־וּשְׁנַיִם אֶלֶף אִֽישׁ׃vatavo'-'aram-damesheq-la'ezor-lahadade'ezer-melekhe-tzvovah-vayakhe-david-va'aram-'esheriym-vshenayim-'elef-'iysh
KJV: And when the Syrians of Damascus came to succour Hadadezer king of Zobah, David slew of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men.
AKJV: And when the Syrians of Damascus came to succor Hadadezer king of Zobah, David slew of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men.
ASV: And when the Syrians of Damascus came to succor Hadadezer king of Zobah, David smote of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men.
YLT: And Aram of Damascus cometh to give help to Hadadezer king of Zobah, and David smiteth of Aram twenty and two thousand men;
Commentary Witness (Generated)2Samuel 8:5Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
2Samuel 8:5
2Samuel 8:5 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And when the Syrians of Damascus came to succour Hadadezer king of Zobah, David slew of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
2Samuel 8:5
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Zobah
Exposition: 2Samuel 8:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when the Syrians of Damascus came to succour Hadadezer king of Zobah, David slew of the Syrians two and twenty thousand men.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
2Samuel 8:6
Hebrew
וַיָּשֶׂם דָּוִד נְצִבִים בַּאֲרַם דַּמֶּשֶׂק וַתְּהִי אֲרָם לְדָוִד לַעֲבָדִים נוֹשְׂאֵי מִנְחָה וַיֹּשַׁע יְהוָה אֶת־דָּוִד בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר הָלָֽךְ׃vayashem-david-netziviym-va'aram-damesheq-vatehiy-'aram-ledavid-la'avadiym-nvoshe'ey-minechah-vayosha'-yehvah-'et-david-vekhol-'asher-halakhe
KJV: Then David put garrisons in Syria of Damascus: and the Syrians became servants to David, and brought gifts. And the LORD preserved David whithersoever he went.
AKJV: Then David put garrisons in Syria of Damascus: and the Syrians became servants to David, and brought gifts. And the LORD preserved David wherever he went.
ASV: Then David put garrisons in Syria of Damascus; and the Syrians became servants to David, and brought tribute. And Jehovah gave victory to David whithersoever he went.
YLT: and David putteth garrisons in Aram of Damascus, and Aram is to David for a servant, bearing a present; and Jehovah saveth David whithersoever he hath gone;
Commentary Witness (Generated)2Samuel 8:6Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
2Samuel 8:6
2Samuel 8:6 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Then David put garrisons in Syria of Damascus: and the Syrians became servants to David, and brought gifts. And the LORD preserved David whithersoever he went.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
2Samuel 8:6
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Damascus
- David
Exposition: 2Samuel 8:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then David put garrisons in Syria of Damascus: and the Syrians became servants to David, and brought gifts. And the LORD preserved David whithersoever he went.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
2Samuel 8:7
Hebrew
וַיִּקַּח דָּוִד אֵת שִׁלְטֵי הַזָּהָב אֲשֶׁר הָיוּ אֶל עַבְדֵי הֲדַדְעָזֶר וַיְבִיאֵם יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃vayiqach-david-'et-shiletey-hazahav-'asher-hayv-'el-'avedey-hadade'azer-vayeviy'em-yervshalaim
KJV: And David took the shields of gold that were on the servants of Hadadezer, and brought them to Jerusalem.
AKJV: And David took the shields of gold that were on the servants of Hadadezer, and brought them to Jerusalem.
ASV: And David took the shields of gold that were on the servants of Hadadezer, and brought them to Jerusalem.
YLT: and David taketh the shields of gold which were on the servants of Hadadezer, and bringeth them to Jerusalem;
Commentary Witness (Generated)2Samuel 8:7Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
2Samuel 8:7
2Samuel 8:7 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And David took the shields of gold that were on the servants of Hadadezer, and brought them to Jerusalem.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
2Samuel 8:7
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Hadadezer
- Jerusalem
Exposition: 2Samuel 8:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And David took the shields of gold that were on the servants of Hadadezer, and brought them to Jerusalem.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
2Samuel 8:8
Hebrew
וּמִבֶּטַח וּמִבֵּֽרֹתַי עָרֵי הֲדַדְעָזֶר לָקַח הַמֶּלֶךְ דָּוִד נְחֹשֶׁת הַרְבֵּה מְאֹֽד׃vmivetach-vmiverotay-'arey-hadade'azer-laqach-hamelekhe-david-nechoshet-hareveh-me'od
KJV: And from Betah, and from Berothai, cities of Hadadezer, king David took exceeding much brass.
AKJV: And from Betah, and from Berothai, cities of Hadadezer, king David took exceeding much brass. ¶
ASV: And from Betah and from Berothai, cities of Hadadezer, king David took exceeding much brass.
YLT: and from Betah, and from Berothai, cities of Hadadezer, hath king David taken very much brass.
Commentary Witness (Generated)2Samuel 8:8Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
2Samuel 8:8
2Samuel 8:8 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And from Betah, and from Berothai, cities of Hadadezer, king David took exceeding much brass.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
2Samuel 8:8
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Betah
- Berothai
- Hadadezer
Exposition: 2Samuel 8:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And from Betah, and from Berothai, cities of Hadadezer, king David took exceeding much brass.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
2Samuel 8:9
Hebrew
וַיִּשְׁמַע תֹּעִי מֶלֶךְ חֲמָת כִּי הִכָּה דָוִד אֵת כָּל־חֵיל הֲדַדְעָֽזֶר׃vayishema'-to'iy-melekhe-chamat-khiy-hikhah-david-'et-khal-cheyl-hadade'azer
KJV: When Toi king of Hamath heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer,
AKJV: When Toi king of Hamath heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer,
ASV: And when Toi king of Hamath heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer,
YLT: And Toi king of Hamath heareth that David hath smitten all the force of Hadadezer,
Commentary Witness (Generated)2Samuel 8:9Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
2Samuel 8:9
2Samuel 8:9 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'When Toi king of Hamath heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer,'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
2Samuel 8:9
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Hadadezer
Exposition: 2Samuel 8:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'When Toi king of Hamath heard that David had smitten all the host of Hadadezer,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
2Samuel 8:10
Hebrew
וַיִּשְׁלַח תֹּעִי אֶת־יֽוֹרָם־בְּנוֹ אֶל־הַמֶּֽלֶךְ־דָּוִד לִשְׁאָל־לוֹ לְשָׁלוֹם וּֽלְבָרֲכוֹ עַל אֲשֶׁר נִלְחַם בַּהֲדַדְעֶזֶר וַיַּכֵּהוּ כִּי־אִישׁ מִלְחֲמוֹת תֹּעִי הָיָה הֲדַדְעָזֶר וּבְיָדוֹ הָיוּ כְּלֵֽי־כֶסֶף וּכְלֵֽי־זָהָב וּכְלֵי נְחֹֽשֶׁת׃vayishelach-to'iy-'et-yvoram-venvo-'el-hamelekhe-david-lishe'al-lvo-leshalvom-vlevarakhvo-'al-'asher-nilecham-vahadade'ezer-vayakhehv-khiy-'iysh-milechamvot-to'iy-hayah-hadade'azer-vveyadvo-hayv-kheley-khesef-vkheley-zahav-vkheley-nechoshet
KJV: Then Toi sent Joram his son unto king David, to salute him, and to bless him, because he had fought against Hadadezer, and smitten him: for Hadadezer had wars with Toi. And Joram brought with him vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and vessels of brass:
AKJV: Then Toi sent Joram his son to king David, to salute him, and to bless him, because he had fought against Hadadezer, and smitten him: for Hadadezer had wars with Toi. And Joram brought with him vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and vessels of brass:
ASV: then Toi sent Joram his son unto king David, to salute him, and to bless him, because he had fought against Hadadezer and smitten him: for Hadadezer had wars with Toi. And Joram brought with him vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and vessels of brass:
YLT: and Toi sendeth Joram his son unto king David to ask of him of welfare, and to bless him, (because that he hath fought against Hadadezer, and smiteth him, for a man of wars with Toi had Hadadezer been), and in his hand have been vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and vessels of brass,
Commentary Witness (Generated)2Samuel 8:10Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
2Samuel 8:10
2Samuel 8:10 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Then Toi sent Joram his son unto king David, to salute him, and to bless him, because he had fought against Hadadezer, and smitten him: for Hadadezer had wars with Toi. And Joram brought with him vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and vessels of brass:'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
2Samuel 8:10
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- David
- Hadadezer
- Toi
Exposition: 2Samuel 8:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then Toi sent Joram his son unto king David, to salute him, and to bless him, because he had fought against Hadadezer, and smitten him: for Hadadezer had wars with Toi. And Joram brought with him vessels of silver, an...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
2Samuel 8:11
Hebrew
גַּם־אֹתָם הִקְדִּישׁ הַמֶּלֶךְ דָּוִד לַֽיהוָה עִם־הַכֶּסֶף וְהַזָּהָב אֲשֶׁר הִקְדִּישׁ מִכָּל־הַגּוֹיִם אֲשֶׁר כִּבֵּֽשׁ׃gam-'otam-hiqediysh-hamelekhe-david-layhvah-'im-hakhesef-vehazahav-'asher-hiqediysh-mikhal-hagvoyim-'asher-khivesh
KJV: Which also king David did dedicate unto the LORD, with the silver and gold that he had dedicated of all nations which he subdued;
AKJV: Which also king David did dedicate to the LORD, with the silver and gold that he had dedicated of all nations which he subdued;
ASV: these also did king David dedicate unto Jehovah, with the silver and gold that he dedicated of all the nations which he subdued;
YLT: also them did king David sanctify to Jehovah, with the silver and the gold which he sanctified of all the nations which he subdued:
Commentary Witness (Generated)2Samuel 8:11Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
2Samuel 8:11
2Samuel 8:11 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Which also king David did dedicate unto the LORD, with the silver and gold that he had dedicated of all nations which he subdued;'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
2Samuel 8:11
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: 2Samuel 8:11 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Which also king David did dedicate unto the LORD, with the silver and gold that he had dedicated of all nations which he subdued;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
2Samuel 8:12
Hebrew
מֵאֲרָם וּמִמּוֹאָב וּמִבְּנֵי עַמּוֹן וּמִפְּלִשְׁתִּים וּמֵֽעֲמָלֵק וּמִשְּׁלַל הֲדַדְעֶזֶר בֶּן־רְחֹב מֶלֶךְ צוֹבָֽה׃me'aram-vmimvo'av-vmiveney-'amvon-vmifelishetiym-vme'amaleq-vmishelal-hadade'ezer-ven-rechov-melekhe-tzvovah
KJV: Of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah.
AKJV: Of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah.
ASV: of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah.
YLT: of Aram, and of Moab, and of the Bene-Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer son of Rehob king of Zobah.
Commentary Witness (Generated)2Samuel 8:12Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
2Samuel 8:12
2Samuel 8:12 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
2Samuel 8:12
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Of Syria
- Moab
- Ammon
- Philistines
- Amalek
- Hadadezer
- Rehob
- Zobah
Exposition: 2Samuel 8:12 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
2Samuel 8:13
Hebrew
וַיַּעַשׂ דָּוִד שֵׁם בְּשֻׁבוֹ מֵהַכּוֹתוֹ אֶת־אֲרָם בְּגֵיא־מֶלַח שְׁמוֹנָה עָשָׂר אָֽלֶף׃vaya'ash-david-shem-veshuvvo-mehakhvotvo-'et-'aram-vegey'-melach-shemvonah-'ashar-'alef
KJV: And David gat him a name when he returned from smiting of the Syrians in the valley of salt, being eighteen thousand men.
AKJV: And David got him a name when he returned from smiting of the Syrians in the valley of salt, being eighteen thousand men. ¶
ASV: And David gat him a name when he returned from smiting the Syrians in the Valley of Salt, even eighteen thousand men.
YLT: And David maketh a name in his turning back from his smiting Aram in the valley of Salt--eighteen thousand;
Commentary Witness (Generated)2Samuel 8:13Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
2Samuel 8:13
2Samuel 8:13 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And David gat him a name when he returned from smiting of the Syrians in the valley of salt, being eighteen thousand men.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
2Samuel 8:13
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: 2Samuel 8:13 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And David gat him a name when he returned from smiting of the Syrians in the valley of salt, being eighteen thousand men.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
2Samuel 8:14
Hebrew
וַיָּשֶׂם בֶּאֱדוֹם נְצִבִים בְּכָל־אֱדוֹם שָׂם נְצִבִים וַיְהִי כָל־אֱדוֹם עֲבָדִים לְדָוִד וַיּוֹשַׁע יְהוָה אֶת־דָּוִד בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר הָלָֽךְ׃vayashem-ve'edvom-netziviym-vekhal-'edvom-sham-netziviym-vayehiy-khal-'edvom-'avadiym-ledavid-vayvosha'-yehvah-'et-david-vekhol-'asher-halakhe
KJV: And he put garrisons in Edom; throughout all Edom put he garrisons, and all they of Edom became David’s servants. And the LORD preserved David whithersoever he went.
AKJV: And he put garrisons in Edom; throughout all Edom put he garrisons, and all they of Edom became David’s servants. And the LORD preserved David wherever he went.
ASV: And he put garrisons in Edom; throughout all Edom put he garrisons, and all the Edomites became servants to David. And Jehovah gave victory to David whithersoever he went.
YLT: and he putteth in Edom garrisons--in all Edom he hath put garrisons, and all Edom are servants to David; and Jehovah saveth David whithersoever he hath gone.
Commentary Witness (Generated)2Samuel 8:14Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
2Samuel 8:14
2Samuel 8:14 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And he put garrisons in Edom; throughout all Edom put he garrisons, and all they of Edom became David’s servants. And the LORD preserved David whithersoever he went.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
2Samuel 8:14
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Edom
Exposition: 2Samuel 8:14 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he put garrisons in Edom; throughout all Edom put he garrisons, and all they of Edom became David’s servants. And the LORD preserved David whithersoever he went.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
2Samuel 8:15
Hebrew
וַיִּמְלֹךְ דָּוִד עַל־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיְהִי דָוִד עֹשֶׂה מִשְׁפָּט וּצְדָקָה לְכָל־עַמּֽוֹ׃vayimelokhe-david-'al-khal-yishera'el-vayehiy-david-'osheh-mishefat-vtzedaqah-lekhal-'amvo
KJV: And David reigned over all Israel; and David executed judgment and justice unto all his people.
AKJV: And David reigned over all Israel; and David executed judgment and justice to all his people.
ASV: And David reigned over all Israel; and David executed justice and righteousness unto all his people.
YLT: And David reigneth over all Israel, and David is doing judgment and righteousness to all his people,
Commentary Witness (Generated)2Samuel 8:15Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
2Samuel 8:15
2Samuel 8:15 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And David reigned over all Israel; and David executed judgment and justice unto all his people.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
2Samuel 8:15
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Israel
Exposition: 2Samuel 8:15 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And David reigned over all Israel; and David executed judgment and justice unto all his people.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
2Samuel 8:16
Hebrew
וְיוֹאָב בֶּן־צְרוּיָה עַל־הַצָּבָא וִיהוֹשָׁפָט בֶּן־אֲחִילוּד מַזְכִּֽיר׃veyvo'av-ven-tzervyah-'al-hatzava'-viyhvoshafat-ven-'achiylvd-mazekhiyr
KJV: And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder;
AKJV: And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder;
ASV: And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder;
YLT: and Joab son of Zeruiah is over the host, and Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud is remembrancer,
Commentary Witness (Generated)2Samuel 8:16Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
2Samuel 8:16
2Samuel 8:16 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder;'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
2Samuel 8:16
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: 2Samuel 8:16 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the host; and Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
2Samuel 8:17
Hebrew
וְצָדוֹק בֶּן־אֲחִיטוּב וַאֲחִימֶלֶךְ בֶּן־אֶבְיָתָר כֹּהֲנִים וּשְׂרָיָה סוֹפֵֽר׃vetzadvoq-ven-'achiytvv-va'achiymelekhe-ven-'eveyatar-khohaniym-vsherayah-svofer
KJV: And Zadok the son of Ahitub, and Ahimelech the son of Abiathar, were the priests; and Seraiah was the scribe;
AKJV: And Zadok the son of Ahitub, and Ahimelech the son of Abiathar, were the priests; and Seraiah was the scribe;
ASV: and Zadok the son of Ahitub, and Ahimelech the son of Abiathar, were priests; and Seraiah was scribe;
YLT: and Zadok son of Ahitub, and Ahimelech son of Abiathar, are priests, and Seraiah is scribe,
Commentary Witness (Generated)2Samuel 8:17Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
2Samuel 8:17
2Samuel 8:17 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And Zadok the son of Ahitub, and Ahimelech the son of Abiathar, were the priests; and Seraiah was the scribe;'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
2Samuel 8:17
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Ahitub
- Abiathar
Exposition: 2Samuel 8:17 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Zadok the son of Ahitub, and Ahimelech the son of Abiathar, were the priests; and Seraiah was the scribe;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
2Samuel 8:18
Hebrew
וּבְנָיָהוּ בֶּן־יְהוֹיָדָע וְהַכְּרֵתִי וְהַפְּלֵתִי וּבְנֵי דָוִד כֹּהֲנִים הָיֽוּ׃vvenayahv-ven-yehvoyada'-vehakheretiy-vehafeletiy-vveney-david-khohaniym-hayv
KJV: And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was over both the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and David’s sons were chief rulers.
AKJV: And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was over both the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and David’s sons were chief rulers.
ASV: and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and David’s sons were chief ministers.
YLT: and Benaiah son of Jehoiada is over both the Cherethite and the Pelethite, and the sons of David have been ministers.
Commentary Witness (Generated)2Samuel 8:18Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
2Samuel 8:18
2Samuel 8:18 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was over both the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and David’s sons were chief rulers.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
2Samuel 8:18
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Pelethites
Exposition: 2Samuel 8:18 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was over both the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and David’s sons were chief rulers.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Citation trailOpen the commentary counts, references, and named sources.
Scholarly apparatus
Commentary citation index
This chapter now surfaces commentary as quoted witness material with an explicit citation trail. The index below gathers the canonical references and named authorities detected inside the commentary layer for faster academic review.
Direct commentary witnesses
0
Generated editorial witnesses
18
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Canonical references surfaced in commentary
- 2Samuel 8:1
- 2Samuel 8:2
- 2Samuel 8:3
- 2Samuel 8:4
- 2Samuel 8:5
- 2Samuel 8:6
- 2Samuel 8:7
- 2Samuel 8:8
- 2Samuel 8:9
- 2Samuel 8:10
- 2Samuel 8:11
- 2Samuel 8:12
- 2Samuel 8:13
- 2Samuel 8:14
- 2Samuel 8:15
- 2Samuel 8:16
- 2Samuel 8:17
- 2Samuel 8:18
Named authorities or texts surfaced in commentary
- Philistines
- Moab
- Hadadezer
- Rehob
- Zobah
- Euphrates
- Damascus
- David
- Jerusalem
- Betah
- Berothai
- Toi
- Of Syria
- Ammon
- Amalek
- Edom
- Israel
- Ahitub
- Abiathar
- Pelethites
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Rendered chapters 1–24 are mapped to the public reader path for Joshua. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Judges
Rendered chapters 1–21 are mapped to the public reader path for Judges. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Ruth
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Ruth. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Samuel
Rendered chapters 1–31 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Samuel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Samuel
Rendered chapters 1–24 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Samuel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Kings
Rendered chapters 1–22 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Kings. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Kings
Rendered chapters 1–25 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Kings. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Chronicles
Rendered chapters 1–29 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Chronicles. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Chronicles
Rendered chapters 1–36 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Chronicles. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Ezra
Rendered chapters 1–10 are mapped to the public reader path for Ezra. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Nehemiah
Rendered chapters 1–13 are mapped to the public reader path for Nehemiah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Esther
Rendered chapters 1–10 are mapped to the public reader path for Esther. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Job
Rendered chapters 1–42 are mapped to the public reader path for Job. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Psalms
Rendered chapters 1–150 are mapped to the public reader path for Psalms. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Proverbs
Rendered chapters 1–31 are mapped to the public reader path for Proverbs. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Ecclesiastes
Rendered chapters 1–12 are mapped to the public reader path for Ecclesiastes. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Song of Solomon
Rendered chapters 1–8 are mapped to the public reader path for Song of Solomon. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Isaiah
Rendered chapters 1–66 are mapped to the public reader path for Isaiah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Jeremiah
Rendered chapters 1–52 are mapped to the public reader path for Jeremiah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Lamentations
Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for Lamentations. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Ezekiel
Rendered chapters 1–48 are mapped to the public reader path for Ezekiel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Daniel
Rendered chapters 1–12 are mapped to the public reader path for Daniel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Hosea
Rendered chapters 1–14 are mapped to the public reader path for Hosea. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Joel
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Joel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Amos
Rendered chapters 1–9 are mapped to the public reader path for Amos. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Obadiah
Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for Obadiah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Jonah
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Jonah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Micah
Rendered chapters 1–7 are mapped to the public reader path for Micah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Nahum
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Nahum. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Habakkuk
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Habakkuk. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Zephaniah
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Zephaniah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Haggai
Rendered chapters 1–2 are mapped to the public reader path for Haggai. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Zechariah
Rendered chapters 1–14 are mapped to the public reader path for Zechariah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Malachi
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Malachi. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Matthew
Rendered chapters 1–28 are mapped to the public reader path for Matthew. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Mark
Rendered chapters 1–16 are mapped to the public reader path for Mark. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Luke
Rendered chapters 1–24 are mapped to the public reader path for Luke. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
John
Rendered chapters 1–21 are mapped to the public reader path for John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Acts
Rendered chapters 1–28 are mapped to the public reader path for Acts. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Romans
Rendered chapters 1–16 are mapped to the public reader path for Romans. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Corinthians
Rendered chapters 1–16 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Corinthians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Corinthians
Rendered chapters 1–13 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Corinthians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Galatians
Rendered chapters 1–6 are mapped to the public reader path for Galatians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Ephesians
Rendered chapters 1–6 are mapped to the public reader path for Ephesians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Philippians
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Philippians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Colossians
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Colossians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Thessalonians
Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Thessalonians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Thessalonians
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Thessalonians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Timothy
Rendered chapters 1–6 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Timothy. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Timothy
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Timothy. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Titus
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Titus. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Philemon
Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for Philemon. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Hebrews
Rendered chapters 1–13 are mapped to the public reader path for Hebrews. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
James
Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for James. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Peter
Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Peter. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Peter
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Peter. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 John
Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 John
Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
3 John
Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for 3 John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Jude
Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for Jude. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Revelation
Rendered chapters 1–22 are mapped to the public reader path for Revelation. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
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What this explorer shows today
The public reader has book-by-book chapter entry points across the 66-book canon. Deeper corpus and provenance details stay on the supporting Bible Data shelves.
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Commentary Witness (Generated)
2Samuel 8:1
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
2Samuel 8:1
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness