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Apologetics Bible

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Published chapter Reader summary first Acts live Chapter 20 of 28 38 verse waypoints 38 commentary witnesses

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Acts 20 — Acts 20

Connected primary witness
  • Connected ID: Acts_20
  • Primary Witness Text: And after the uproar was ceased, Paul called unto him the disciples, and embraced them, and departed for to go into Macedonia. And when he had gone over those parts, and had given them much exhortation, he came into Greece, And there abode three months. And when the Jews laid wait for him, as he was about to sail into Syria, he purposed to return through Macedonia. And there accompanied him into Asia Sopater of Berea; and of the Thessalonians, Aristarchus and Secundus; and Gaius of Derbe, and Timotheus; and of Asia, Tychicus and Trophimus. These going before tarried for us at Troas. And we sailed away from Philippi after the days of unleavened bread, and came unto them to Troas in five days; where we abode seven days. And upon the first day of the week, when the disciples came together to break bread, Paul preached unto them, ready to depart on the morrow; and continued his speech until midnight. And there were many lights in the upper chamber, where they were gathered together. And there sat in a window a certain young man named Eutychus, being fallen into a deep sleep: and as Paul was long preaching, he sunk down with sleep, and fell down from the third loft, and was taken up dead. And Paul went down, and fell on him, and embracing him said, Trouble not yourselves; for his life is in him. When he therefore was come up again, and had broken bread, and eaten, and talked a long while, even till break of day, so he departed. And they brought the young man alive, and were not a ...

Connected dataset overlay
  • Connected ID: Acts_20
  • Chapter Blob Preview: And after the uproar was ceased, Paul called unto him the disciples, and embraced them, and departed for to go into Macedonia. And when he had gone over those parts, and had given them much exhortation, he came into Greece, And there abode three months. And when the Jews laid wait for him, as he was about to sail into Syria, he purposed to return through Macedonia. And there ac...

Chapter frameStart here before opening notes.

Chapter frame

Acts (c. AD 62) is the pivot-document of redemptive history: the Spirit-empowered proclamation of the risen Christ from Jerusalem to Rome. As the second volume of Luke's work, it provides the historical framework for all the NT epistles.

Luke's accuracy in Acts receives substantial archaeological confirmation via the work of William Ramsay, who set out to disprove Acts and was converted by its precision — titles, place names, sea routes, civic procedures — all matching 1st-century realia. Paul's missionary journeys are among the most historically verifiable movements in ancient biography.


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Verse-by-verse study lane

Acts 20:1

Greek
Μετὰ δὲ τὸ παύσασθαι τὸν θόρυβον ⸀μεταπεμψάμενος ὁ Παῦλος τοὺς μαθητὰς καὶ ⸀παρακαλέσας, ἀσπασάμενος ἐξῆλθεν ⸀πορεύεσθαι ⸀εἰς Μακεδονίαν.

Meta de to paysasthai ton thorybon metapempsamenos o Paylos toys mathetas kai parakalesas, aspasamenos exelthen poreyesthai eis Makedonian.

KJV: And after the uproar was ceased, Paul called unto him the disciples, and embraced them, and departed for to go into Macedonia.

AKJV: And after the uproar was ceased, Paul called to him the disciples, and embraced them, and departed for to go into Macedonia.

ASV: And after the uproar ceased, Paul having sent for the disciples and exhorted them, took leave of them, and departed to go into Macedonia.

YLT: And after the ceasing of the tumult, Paul having called near the disciples, and having embraced them , went forth to go on to Macedonia;

Commentary WitnessActs 20:1
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:1

Quoted commentary witness

Paul retires to Macedonia, Act 20:1. He goes into Greece, where he tarries three months and, purposing to sail to Syria, he returns through Macedonia, Act 20:2, Act 20:3. Several persons accompany him into Asia, and then go before and tarry for him at Troas, Act 20:4, Act 20:5. Paul and Luke sail from Philippi, and in five days reach Troas, where they meet their brethren from Asia, and abide there seven days, Act 20:6. On the first day of the week, the disciples coming together to break bread, Paul preaching to them, and continuing his speech till midnight, a young man of the name of Eutychus, being in a deep sleep, fell from the third loft and was killed, Act 20:7-9. Paul restores him to life, resumes his discourse, and continuing it till daybreak, then departs, Act 20:10-12. Luke and his companions come to Assos, whither Paul comes by land, Act 20:13. He embarks with them at Assos, comes to Mitylene, Act 20:14. Sails thence, and passes by Chios, arrives at Samos, tarries at Trogyllium, and comes to Miletus, Act 20:15. Purposing to get as soon as possible to Jerusalem, he sends from Miletus, and calls the elders of the Church of Ephesus, to whom he preaches a most directing sermon, gives them the most solemn exhortations, kneels down and prays with them, takes a very affecting leave of them, and sets sail for Caesarea, in order to go to Jerusalem, vv. 16-38. Verse 1 After the uproar was ceased - The tumult excited by Demetrius apparently induced Paul to leave Ephesus sooner than he had intended. He had written to the Corinthians that he should leave that place after pentecost, 1Cor 16:8; but it is very probable that he left it sooner.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:1

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Act 20:1
  • Act 20:2
  • Act 20:3
  • Act 20:4
  • Act 20:5
  • Act 20:6
  • Act 20:7-9
  • Act 20:10-12
  • Act 20:13
  • Act 20:14
  • Act 20:15
  • 1Cor 16:8

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Ray
  • Macedonia
  • Greece
  • Syria
  • Asia
  • Troas
  • Philippi
  • Eutychus
  • Assos
  • Mitylene
  • Chios
  • Samos
  • Trogyllium
  • Miletus
  • Jerusalem
  • Ephesus
  • Caesarea

Exposition: Acts 20:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And after the uproar was ceased, Paul called unto him the disciples, and embraced them, and departed for to go into Macedonia.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:2

Greek
διελθὼν δὲ τὰ μέρη ἐκεῖνα καὶ παρακαλέσας αὐτοὺς λόγῳ πολλῷ ἦλθεν εἰς τὴν Ἑλλάδα

dielthon de ta mere ekeina kai parakalesas aytoys logo pollo elthen eis ten Ellada

KJV: And when he had gone over those parts, and had given them much exhortation, he came into Greece,

AKJV: And when he had gone over those parts, and had given them much exhortation, he came into Greece,

ASV: And when he had gone through those parts, and had given them much exhortation, he came into Greece.

YLT: and having gone through those parts, and having exhorted them with many words, he came to Greece;

Commentary WitnessActs 20:2
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:2

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 2 He came into Greece - Εις την Ἑλλαδα, Into Hellas, Greece properly so called, the regions between Thessaly and Propontis, and the country of Achaia. He did not, however, go there immediately: he passed through Macedonia, Act 20:1, in which he informs us, 2Cor 7:5-7, that he suffered much, both from believers and infidels; but was greatly comforted by the arrival of Titus, who gave him a very flattering account of the prosperous state of the Church at Corinth. A short time after this, being still in Macedonia, he sent Titus back to Corinth, 2Cor 8:16, 2Cor 8:17, and sent by him the second epistle which he wrote to that Church, as Theodoret and others suppose. Some time after, he visited Corinth himself, according to his promise, 1Cor 16:5. This was his third voyage to that city, 2Cor 12:14; 2Cor 13:1. What he did there at this time cannot be distinctly known; but, according to St. Augustin, he ordered every thing relative to the holy eucharist, and the proper manner in which it was to be received. See Calmet.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:2

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Act 20:1
  • 2Cor 7:5-7
  • 2Cor 8:16
  • 2Cor 8:17
  • 1Cor 16:5
  • 2Cor 12:14
  • 2Cor 13:1

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Into Hellas
  • Propontis
  • Achaia
  • Macedonia
  • Titus
  • Corinth
  • Church
  • St
  • Augustin
  • See Calmet

Exposition: Acts 20:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when he had gone over those parts, and had given them much exhortation, he came into Greece,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:3

Greek
ποιήσας τε μῆνας τρεῖς· γενομένης ⸂ἐπιβουλῆς αὐτῷ⸃ ὑπὸ τῶν Ἰουδαίων μέλλοντι ἀνάγεσθαι εἰς τὴν Συρίαν ἐγένετο ⸀γνώμης τοῦ ὑποστρέφειν διὰ Μακεδονίας.

poiesas te menas treis· genomenes epiboyles ayto ypo ton Ioydaion mellonti anagesthai eis ten Syrian egeneto gnomes toy ypostrephein dia Makedonias.

KJV: And there abode three months. And when the Jews laid wait for him, as he was about to sail into Syria, he purposed to return through Macedonia.

AKJV: And there stayed three months. And when the Jews laid wait for him, as he was about to sail into Syria, he purposed to return through Macedonia.

ASV: And when he had spent three months there, and a plot was laid against him by the Jews as he was about to set sail for Syria, he determined to return through Macedonia.

YLT: having made also three months' stay --a counsel of the Jews having been against him--being about to set forth to Syria, there came to him a resolution of returning through Macedonia.

Commentary WitnessActs 20:3
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:3

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 3 Abode three months - Partly, as we may suppose, at Corinth, at Athens, and in Achaia; from which place he is supposed to have sent his epistle to the Romans, because he continued longer here than at any other place, and mentions several of the Corinthians in his salutations to the believers of Rome. When the Jesus laid wait for him - Paul had determined to go by sea to Syria, and from thence to Jerusalem. This was the first object of his journey; and this was the readiest road he could take; but, hearing that the Jews had laid wait for him, probably to attack his ship on the voyage, seize his person, sell him for a slave, and take the money which he was carrying to the poor saints at Jerusalem, he resolved to go as much of the journey as he conveniently could, by land. Therefore, he returned through Macedonia, and from thence to Troas, where he embarked to sail for Syria, on his way to Jerusalem. The whole of his journey is detailed in this and the following chapter. See also the map.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:3

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Jesus
  • Partly
  • Corinth
  • Athens
  • Achaia
  • Romans
  • Rome
  • Syria
  • Jerusalem
  • Therefore
  • Macedonia
  • Troas

Exposition: Acts 20:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And there abode three months. And when the Jews laid wait for him, as he was about to sail into Syria, he purposed to return through Macedonia.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:4

Greek
συνείπετο δὲ ⸀αὐτῷ Σώπατρος ⸀Πύρρου Βεροιαῖος, Θεσσαλονικέων δὲ Ἀρίσταρχος καὶ Σεκοῦνδος, καὶ Γάϊος Δερβαῖος καὶ Τιμόθεος, Ἀσιανοὶ δὲ Τυχικὸς καὶ Τρόφιμος·

syneipeto de ayto Sopatros Pyrroy Beroiaios, Thessalonikeon de Aristarchos kai Sekoyndos, kai Gaios Derbaios kai Timotheos, Asianoi de Tychikos kai Trophimos·

KJV: And there accompanied him into Asia Sopater of Berea; and of the Thessalonians, Aristarchus and Secundus; and Gaius of Derbe, and Timotheus; and of Asia, Tychicus and Trophimus.

AKJV: And there accompanied him into Asia Sopater of Berea; and of the Thessalonians, Aristarchus and Secundus; and Gaius of Derbe, and Timotheus; and of Asia, Tychicus and Trophimus.

ASV: And there accompanied him as far as Asia, Sopater of Beroea, the son of Pyrrhus; and of the Thessalonians, Aristarchus and Secundus; and Gaius of Derbe, and Timothy; and of Asia, Tychicus and Trophimus.

YLT: And there were accompanying him unto Asia, Sopater of Berea, and of Thessalonians Aristarchus and Secundus, and Gaius of Derbe, and Timotheus, and of Asiatics Tychicus and Trophimus;

Commentary Witness (Generated)Acts 20:4
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Acts 20:4

Generated editorial synthesis

Acts 20:4 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And there accompanied him into Asia Sopater of Berea; and of the Thessalonians, Aristarchus and Secundus; and Gaius of Derbe, and Timotheus; and of Asia, Tychicus and Trophimus.'. A close Koine Greek reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:4

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Acts 20:4

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Berea
  • Thessalonians
  • Secundus
  • Derbe
  • Timotheus
  • Asia
  • Trophimus

Exposition: Acts 20:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And there accompanied him into Asia Sopater of Berea; and of the Thessalonians, Aristarchus and Secundus; and Gaius of Derbe, and Timotheus; and of Asia, Tychicus and Trophimus.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:5

Greek
οὗτοι ⸀δὲ ⸀προσελθόντες ἔμενον ἡμᾶς ἐν Τρῳάδι·

oytoi de proselthontes emenon emas en Troadi·

KJV: These going before tarried for us at Troas.

AKJV: These going before tarried for us at Troas.

ASV: But these had gone before, and were waiting for us at Troas.

YLT: these, having gone before, did remain for us in Troas,

Commentary WitnessActs 20:5
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:5

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 5 Tarried for us at Troas - See the preceding verse. Troas was a small town in Phrygia Minor, in the province called the Troad: see Act 16:8.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:5

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Act 16:8

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Phrygia Minor
  • Troad

Exposition: Acts 20:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'These going before tarried for us at Troas.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:6

Greek
ἡμεῖς δὲ ἐξεπλεύσαμεν μετὰ τὰς ἡμέρας τῶν ἀζύμων ἀπὸ Φιλίππων, καὶ ἤλθομεν πρὸς αὐτοὺς εἰς τὴν Τρῳάδα ἄχρι ἡμερῶν πέντε, ⸀οὗ διετρίψαμεν ἡμέρας ἑπτά.

emeis de exepleysamen meta tas emeras ton azymon apo Philippon, kai elthomen pros aytoys eis ten Troada achri emeron pente, oy dietripsamen emeras epta.

KJV: And we sailed away from Philippi after the days of unleavened bread, and came unto them to Troas in five days; where we abode seven days.

AKJV: And we sailed away from Philippi after the days of unleavened bread, and came to them to Troas in five days; where we stayed seven days.

ASV: And we sailed away from Philippi after the days of unleavened bread, and came unto them to Troas in five days; where we tarried seven days.

YLT: and we sailed, after the days of the unleavened food, from Philippi, and came unto them to Troas in five days, where we abode seven days.

Commentary WitnessActs 20:6
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:6

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 6 Days of unleavened bread - The seven days of the passover, in which they ate unleavened bread. See the account of this festival in the notes on Exodus 12:1-51 (note). It is evident, from the manner in which St. Luke writes here, that he had not been with St. Paul since the time he accompanied him to Philippi, Act 16:10-12; but he now embarks at Philippi with the apostle, and accompanies him to Troas, and continues with him through the rest of his journey. To Troas in five days - So long they were making this voyage from Philippi, being obliged to keep always by the coast, and in sight of the land; for the magnetic needle was not yet known. See the situation of these places upon the map.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:6

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Exodus 12:1-51
  • Act 16:10-12

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • St
  • Philippi
  • Troas

Exposition: Acts 20:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And we sailed away from Philippi after the days of unleavened bread, and came unto them to Troas in five days; where we abode seven days.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:7

Greek
Ἐν δὲ τῇ μιᾷ τῶν σαββάτων συνηγμένων ⸀ἡμῶν κλάσαι ἄρτον ὁ Παῦλος διελέγετο αὐτοῖς, μέλλων ἐξιέναι τῇ ἐπαύριον, παρέτεινέν τε τὸν λόγον μέχρι μεσονυκτίου.

En de te mia ton sabbaton synegmenon emon klasai arton o Paylos dielegeto aytois, mellon exienai te epayrion, pareteinen te ton logon mechri mesonyktioy.

KJV: And upon the first day of the week, when the disciples came together to break bread, Paul preached unto them, ready to depart on the morrow; and continued his speech until midnight.

AKJV: And on the first day of the week, when the disciples came together to break bread, Paul preached to them, ready to depart on the morrow; and continued his speech until midnight.

ASV: And upon the first day of the week, when we were gathered together to break bread, Paul discoursed with them, intending to depart on the morrow; and prolonged his speech until midnight.

YLT: And on the first of the week, the disciples having been gathered together to break bread, Paul was discoursing to them, about to depart on the morrow, he was also continuing the discourse till midnight,

Commentary WitnessActs 20:7
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:7

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 7 Upon the first day of the week - What was called κυριακη, the Lord's day, the Christian Sabbath, in which they commemorated the resurrection of our Lord; and which, among all Christians, afterwards took the place of the Jewish Sabbath. To break bread - To break eucaristia, the eucharist, as the Syriac has it; intimating, by this, that they were accustomed to receive the holy sacrament on each Lord's day. It is likely that, besides this, they received a common meal together. Some think the αγαπη, or love feast, is intended. Continued his speech until midnight - At what time he began to preach we cannot tell, but we hear when he concluded. He preached during the whole night, for he did not leave off till the break of the next day, Act 20:11, though about midnight his discourse was interrupted by the fall of Eutychus. As this was about the time of pentecost, and we may suppose about the beginning of May, as Troas was in about 40 degrees of north latitude, the sun set there at seven p.m. and rose at five a.m., so that the night was about eight hours long; and taking all the interruptions together, and they could not have amounted to more than two hours, and taking no account of the preceding day's work, Paul must have preached a sermon not less than six hours long. But it is likely that a good part of this time was employed in hearing and answering questions; for διελεγετο, and διαλεγομενου, may be thus understood.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:7

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Act 20:11

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Christian Sabbath
  • Lord
  • Christians
  • Jewish Sabbath
  • Eutychus
  • May

Exposition: Acts 20:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And upon the first day of the week, when the disciples came together to break bread, Paul preached unto them, ready to depart on the morrow; and continued his speech until midnight.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:8

Greek
ἦσαν δὲ λαμπάδες ἱκαναὶ ἐν τῷ ὑπερῴῳ οὗ ἦμεν συνηγμένοι·

esan de lampades ikanai en to yperoo oy emen synegmenoi·

KJV: And there were many lights in the upper chamber, where they were gathered together.

AKJV: And there were many lights in the upper chamber, where they were gathered together.

ASV: And there were many lights in the upper chamber where we were gathered together.

YLT: and there were many lamps in the upper chamber where they were gathered together,

Commentary WitnessActs 20:8
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:8

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 8 Upper chamber - It was in an upper chamber in the temple that the primitive disciples were accustomed to meet: on that account, they might have preferred an upper chamber whenever they could meet with it. The pious Quesnel supposes that the smoke, issuing from the many lamps in this upper chamber, was the cause of Eutychus falling asleep; and this, he says, the apostle mentions, in charity, to excuse the young man's appearing negligent.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:8

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: Acts 20:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And there were many lights in the upper chamber, where they were gathered together.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:9

Greek
⸀καθεζόμενος δέ τις νεανίας ὀνόματι Εὔτυχος ἐπὶ τῆς θυρίδος, καταφερόμενος ὕπνῳ βαθεῖ διαλεγομένου τοῦ Παύλου ἐπὶ πλεῖον, κατενεχθεὶς ἀπὸ τοῦ ὕπνου ἔπεσεν ἀπὸ τοῦ τριστέγου κάτω καὶ ἤρθη νεκρός.

kathezomenos de tis neanias onomati Eytychos epi tes thyridos, katapheromenos ypno bathei dialegomenoy toy Payloy epi pleion, katenechtheis apo toy ypnoy epesen apo toy tristegoy kato kai erthe nekros.

KJV: And there sat in a window a certain young man named Eutychus, being fallen into a deep sleep: and as Paul was long preaching, he sunk down with sleep, and fell down from the third loft, and was taken up dead.

AKJV: And there sat in a window a certain young man named Eutychus, being fallen into a deep sleep: and as Paul was long preaching, he sunk down with sleep, and fell down from the third loft, and was taken up dead.

ASV: And there sat in the window a certain young man named Eutychus, borne down with deep sleep; and as Paul discoursed yet longer, being borne down by his sleep he fell down from the third story, and was taken up dead.

YLT: and there was sitting a certain youth, by name Eutychus, upon the window--being borne down by a deep sleep, Paul discoursing long--he having sunk down from the sleep, fell down from the third story, and was lifted up dead.

Commentary WitnessActs 20:9
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:9

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 9 There sat in a window - This was probably an opening in the wall, to let in light and air, for there was no glazing at that time; and it is likely that Eutychus fell backward through it, down to the ground, on the outside; there being nothing to prevent his falling out, when he had once lost the power to take care of himself, by getting into a deep sleep.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:9

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: Acts 20:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And there sat in a window a certain young man named Eutychus, being fallen into a deep sleep: and as Paul was long preaching, he sunk down with sleep, and fell down from the third loft, and was taken up dead.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:10

Greek
καταβὰς δὲ ὁ Παῦλος ἐπέπεσεν αὐτῷ καὶ συμπεριλαβὼν εἶπεν· Μὴ θορυβεῖσθε, ἡ γὰρ ψυχὴ αὐτοῦ ἐν αὐτῷ ἐστιν.

katabas de o Paylos epepesen ayto kai symperilabon eipen· Me thorybeisthe, e gar psyche aytoy en ayto estin.

KJV: And Paul went down, and fell on him, and embracing him said, Trouble not yourselves; for his life is in him.

AKJV: And Paul went down, and fell on him, and embracing him said, Trouble not yourselves; for his life is in him.

ASV: And Paul went down, and fell on him, and embracing him said, Make ye no ado; for his life is in him.

YLT: And Paul, having gone down, fell upon him, and having embraced him , said, `Make no tumult, for his life is in him;'

Commentary WitnessActs 20:10
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:10

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 10 And Paul - fell on him - Επεπεσεν αυτῳ, Stretched himself upon him, in the same manner as Elisha did on the Shunammite's son, 2Kgs 4:33-35; though the action of lying on him, in order to communicate warmth to the flesh, might not have been continued so long as in the above instance; nor indeed was it necessary, as the natural warmth had not yet left the body of Eutychus; but the son of the Shunammite had been some time dead.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:10

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • 2Kgs 4:33-35

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Eutychus

Exposition: Acts 20:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Paul went down, and fell on him, and embracing him said, Trouble not yourselves; for his life is in him.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:11

Greek
ἀναβὰς δὲ καὶ κλάσας ⸀τὸν ἄρτον καὶ γευσάμενος ἐφʼ ἱκανόν τε ὁμιλήσας ἄχρι αὐγῆς, οὕτως ἐξῆλθεν.

anabas de kai klasas ton arton kai geysamenos eph ikanon te omilesas achri ayges, oytos exelthen.

KJV: When he therefore was come up again, and had broken bread, and eaten, and talked a long while, even till break of day, so he departed.

AKJV: When he therefore was come up again, and had broken bread, and eaten, and talked a long while, even till break of day, so he departed.

ASV: And when he was gone up, and had broken the bread, and eaten, and had talked with them a long while, even till break of day, so he departed.

YLT: and having come up, and having broken bread, and having tasted, for a long time also having talked--till daylight, so he went forth,

Commentary WitnessActs 20:11
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:11

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 11 Had broken bread - Had taken some refreshment, in order to their journey. And talked a long while - Ὁμιλησας, Having familiarly conversed, for this is the import of the word, which is very different from the διελεγετο, of the seventh verse, and the διαλεγομενου, of the ninth; which imply solemn, grave discourse.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:11

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: Acts 20:11 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'When he therefore was come up again, and had broken bread, and eaten, and talked a long while, even till break of day, so he departed.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:12

Greek
ἤγαγον δὲ τὸν παῖδα ζῶντα, καὶ παρεκλήθησαν οὐ μετρίως.

egagon de ton paida zonta, kai pareklethesan oy metrios.

KJV: And they brought the young man alive, and were not a little comforted.

AKJV: And they brought the young man alive, and were not a little comforted. ¶

ASV: And they brought the lad alive, and were not a little comforted.

YLT: and they brought up the lad alive, and were comforted in no ordinary measure.

Commentary Witness (Generated)Acts 20:12
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Acts 20:12

Generated editorial synthesis

Acts 20:12 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And they brought the young man alive, and were not a little comforted.'. A close Koine Greek reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:12

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Acts 20:12

Exposition: Acts 20:12 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they brought the young man alive, and were not a little comforted.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:13

Greek
Ἡμεῖς δὲ ⸀προελθόντες ⸀ἐπὶ τὸ πλοῖον ἀνήχθημεν ἐπὶ τὴν Ἆσσον, ἐκεῖθεν μέλλοντες ἀναλαμβάνειν τὸν Παῦλον, οὕτως γὰρ ⸂διατεταγμένος ἦν⸃ μέλλων αὐτὸς πεζεύειν.

Emeis de proelthontes epi to ploion anechthemen epi ten Asson, ekeithen mellontes analambanein ton Paylon, oytos gar diatetagmenos en mellon aytos pezeyein.

KJV: And we went before to ship, and sailed unto Assos, there intending to take in Paul: for so had he appointed, minding himself to go afoot.

AKJV: And we went before to ship, and sailed to Assos, there intending to take in Paul: for so had he appointed, minding himself to go afoot.

ASV: But we, going before to the ship, set sail for Assos, there intending to take in Paul: for so had he appointed, intending himself to go by land.

YLT: And we having gone before unto the ship, did sail to Assos, thence intending to take in Paul, for so he had arranged, intending himself to go on foot;

Commentary WitnessActs 20:13
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:13

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 13 Sailed unto Assos - Assos, according to Pausanias, Eliac. ii. 4, and Pliny, Hist. Nat. xxxvi. 27, was a maritime town of Asia, in the Troad. Strabo and Stephanus place it in Mysia. It was also called Apollonia, according to Pliny, Ib. lib. Act 20:30. The passage by sea to this place was much longer than by land; and therefore St. Paul chose to go by land, while the others went by sea. Intending to take in Paul - Αναλαμβανειν, To take him in Again; for it appears he had already been aboard that same vessel: probably the same that had carried them from Philippi to Troas, Act 20:6.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:13

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Act 20:30
  • Act 20:6

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Assos
  • Pausanias
  • Eliac
  • Pliny
  • Hist
  • Nat
  • Asia
  • Troad
  • Mysia
  • Apollonia
  • Ib
  • St
  • Again
  • Troas

Exposition: Acts 20:13 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And we went before to ship, and sailed unto Assos, there intending to take in Paul: for so had he appointed, minding himself to go afoot.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:14

Greek
ὡς δὲ ⸀συνέβαλλεν ἡμῖν εἰς τὴν Ἆσσον, ἀναλαβόντες αὐτὸν ἤλθομεν εἰς Μιτυλήνην,

os de syneballen emin eis ten Asson, analabontes ayton elthomen eis Mitylenen,

KJV: And when he met with us at Assos, we took him in, and came to Mitylene.

AKJV: And when he met with us at Assos, we took him in, and came to Mitylene.

ASV: And when he met us at Assos, we took him in, and came to Mitylene.

YLT: and when he met with us at Assos, having taken him up, we came to Mitylene,

Commentary Witness (Generated)Acts 20:14
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Acts 20:14

Generated editorial synthesis

Acts 20:14 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And when he met with us at Assos, we took him in, and came to Mitylene.'. A close Koine Greek reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:14

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Acts 20:14

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Assos
  • Mitylene

Exposition: Acts 20:14 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when he met with us at Assos, we took him in, and came to Mitylene.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:15

Greek
κἀκεῖθεν ἀποπλεύσαντες τῇ ἐπιούσῃ κατηντήσαμεν ⸀ἄντικρυς Χίου, τῇ δὲ ἑτέρᾳ παρεβάλομεν εἰς ⸀Σάμον, τῇ ⸀δὲ ἐχομένῃ ἤλθομεν εἰς Μίλητον·

kakeithen apopleysantes te epioyse katentesamen antikrys Chioy, te de etera parebalomen eis Samon, te de echomene elthomen eis Mileton·

KJV: And we sailed thence, and came the next day over against Chios; and the next day we arrived at Samos, and tarried at Trogyllium; and the next day we came to Miletus.

AKJV: And we sailed there, and came the next day over against Chios; and the next day we arrived at Samos, and tarried at Trogyllium; and the next day we came to Miletus.

ASV: And sailing from thence, we came the following day over against Chios; and the next day we touched at Samos; and the day after we came to Miletus.

YLT: and thence having sailed, on the morrow we came over-against Chios, and the next day we arrived at Samos, and having remained in Trogyllium, on the following day we came to Miletus,

Commentary WitnessActs 20:15
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:15

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 15 Over against Chios - This was a very celebrated island between Lesbos and Samos, famous in antiquity for its extraordinary wines. At this island the apostle did not touch. Arrived at Samos - This was another island of the Aegean Sea, or Archipelago. It does not appear that they landed at Samos: they passed close by it, and anchored at Trogyllium. This was a promontory of Ionia, which gave name to some small islands in the vicinity of Samos: Της δε Τρωγιλιου προκειται νησιον ὁμωνυμον: before Trogyllium is situated an island of the same name. Strabo, lib. xiv. p. 635. Pliny also mentions this place, Hist. Nat. lib. v. cap. 31. Near this place was the mouth of the famous river Maeander. Came to Miletus - A celebrated city in the province of Caria, about twelve or fifteen leagues from Ephesus, according to Calmet. Miletus is famous for being the birthplace of Thales, one of the seven wise men of Greece, and founder of the Ionic sect of philosophers. Anaximander was also born here, and several other eminent men. The Turks, who lately possessed it, call it Melas.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:15

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Philo
  • Samos
  • Aegean Sea
  • Archipelago
  • Trogyllium
  • Ionia
  • Strabo
  • Hist
  • Nat
  • Maeander
  • Caria
  • Ephesus
  • Calmet
  • Thales
  • Greece
  • The Turks
  • Melas

Exposition: Acts 20:15 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And we sailed thence, and came the next day over against Chios; and the next day we arrived at Samos, and tarried at Trogyllium; and the next day we came to Miletus.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:16

Greek
⸀κεκρίκει γὰρ ὁ Παῦλος παραπλεῦσαι τὴν Ἔφεσον, ὅπως μὴ γένηται αὐτῷ χρονοτριβῆσαι ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ, ἔσπευδεν γὰρ εἰ δυνατὸν ⸀εἴη αὐτῷ τὴν ἡμέραν τῆς πεντηκοστῆς γενέσθαι εἰς Ἱεροσόλυμα.

kekrikei gar o Paylos parapleysai ten Epheson, opos me genetai ayto chronotribesai en te Asia, espeyden gar ei dynaton eie ayto ten emeran tes pentekostes genesthai eis Ierosolyma.

KJV: For Paul had determined to sail by Ephesus, because he would not spend the time in Asia: for he hasted, if it were possible for him, to be at Jerusalem the day of Pentecost.

AKJV: For Paul had determined to sail by Ephesus, because he would not spend the time in Asia: for he hurried, if it were possible for him, to be at Jerusalem the day of Pentecost. ¶

ASV: For Paul had determined to sail past Ephesus, that he might not have to spend time in Asia; for he was hastening, if it were possible for him, to be at Jerusalem the day of Pentecost.

YLT: for Paul decided to sail past Ephesus, that there may not be to him a loss of time in Asia, for he hasted, if it were possible for him, on the day of the Pentecost to be at Jerusalem.

Commentary WitnessActs 20:16
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:16

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 16 To sail by Ephesus - Not to touch there at this time. To be at Jerusalem the day of pentecost - That he might have the opportunity of preaching the kingdom of God to multitudes of Jews from different places, who would come up to Jerusalem at that feast; and then he no doubt expected to see there a renewal of that day of pentecost in which the Spirit was poured out on the disciples, and in consequence of which so many were converted to God.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:16

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: Acts 20:16 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For Paul had determined to sail by Ephesus, because he would not spend the time in Asia: for he hasted, if it were possible for him, to be at Jerusalem the day of Pentecost.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:17

Greek
Ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς Μιλήτου πέμψας εἰς Ἔφεσον μετεκαλέσατο τοὺς πρεσβυτέρους τῆς ἐκκλησίας.

Apo de tes Miletoy pempsas eis Epheson metekalesato toys presbyteroys tes ekklesias.

KJV: And from Miletus he sent to Ephesus, and called the elders of the church.

AKJV: And from Miletus he sent to Ephesus, and called the elders of the church.

ASV: And from Miletus he sent to Ephesus, and called to him the elders of the church.

YLT: And from Miletus, having sent to Ephesus, he called for the elders of the assembly,

Commentary WitnessActs 20:17
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:17

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 17 He sent to Ephesus, and called the elders of the Church - These are called επισκοποι, bishops, Act 20:28. By the πρεσβυτεροι, presbyters or elders, here, we are to understand all that were in authority in the Church, whether they were επισκοποι, bishops or overseers, or seniors in years, knowledge, and experience. The πρεσβυτεροι, or elders, were probably the first order in the Church; an order which was not so properly constituted, but which rose out of the state of things. From these presbuteroi the episcopoi, overseers or superintendents, were selected. Those who were eldest in years, Christian knowledge, and experience, would naturally be preferred to all others, as overseers of the Church of Christ. From the Greek word πρεσβυτερος, comes the Latin presbyterus, the English presbyter, the French prestre, and our own term priest; and all, when traced up to their original, signify merely an elderly or aged person; though it soon became the name of an office, rather than of a state of years. Now, as these elders are called επισκοποι, bishops, in Act 20:28, we may take it for granted that they were the same order; or, rather, that these superintendents of the Church were indifferently called either presbyters or bishops. As he had not time to call at Ephesus, he thought it best to have a general convocation of the heads of that Church, to meet him at Miletus, that he might give them the instructions mentioned in the succeeding parts of this chapter.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:17

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Act 20:28

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Ephesus
  • Church
  • Christ
  • Now
  • Miletus

Exposition: Acts 20:17 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And from Miletus he sent to Ephesus, and called the elders of the church.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:18

Greek
ὡς δὲ παρεγένοντο πρὸς αὐτὸν εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· Ὑμεῖς ἐπίστασθε ἀπὸ πρώτης ἡμέρας ἀφʼ ἧς ἐπέβην εἰς τὴν Ἀσίαν πῶς μεθʼ ὑμῶν τὸν πάντα χρόνον ἐγενόμην,

os de paregenonto pros ayton eipen aytois· Ymeis epistasthe apo protes emeras aph es epeben eis ten Asian pos meth ymon ton panta chronon egenomen,

KJV: And when they were come to him, he said unto them, Ye know, from the first day that I came into Asia, after what manner I have been with you at all seasons,

AKJV: And when they were come to him, he said to them, You know, from the first day that I came into Asia, after what manner I have been with you at all seasons,

ASV: And when they were come to him, he said unto them, Ye yourselves know, from the first day that I set foot in Asia, after what manner I was with you all the time,

YLT: and when they were come unto him, he said to them, `Ye--ye know from the first day in which I came to Asia, how, with you at all times I was;

Commentary WitnessActs 20:18
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:18

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 18 After what manner I have been with you - The Codex Bezae adds here, for three years, and even more, which reading might have been borrowed from Act 20:31, though the time assigned by it is too long.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:18

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Act 20:31

Exposition: Acts 20:18 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when they were come to him, he said unto them, Ye know, from the first day that I came into Asia, after what manner I have been with you at all seasons,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:19

Greek
δουλεύων τῷ κυρίῳ μετὰ πάσης ταπεινοφροσύνης ⸀καὶ δακρύων καὶ πειρασμῶν τῶν συμβάντων μοι ἐν ταῖς ἐπιβουλαῖς τῶν Ἰουδαίων·

doyleyon to kyrio meta pases tapeinophrosynes kai dakryon kai peirasmon ton symbanton moi en tais epiboylais ton Ioydaion·

KJV: Serving the Lord with all humility of mind, and with many tears, and temptations, which befell me by the lying in wait of the Jews:

AKJV: Serving the LORD with all humility of mind, and with many tears, and temptations, which befell me by the lying in wait of the Jews:

ASV: serving the Lord with all lowliness of mind, and with tears, and with trials which befell me by the plots of the Jews;

YLT: serving the Lord with all humility, and many tears, and temptations, that befell me in the counsels of the Jews against me ;

Commentary WitnessActs 20:19
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:19

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 19 Serving the Lord with all humility, etc. - This relates not only to his zealous and faithful performance of his apostolic functions, but also to his private walk as a Christian; and shows with what carefulness this apostle himself was obliged to walk, in order to have his calling and election, as a Christian, ratified and made firm.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:19

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Christian

Exposition: Acts 20:19 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Serving the Lord with all humility of mind, and with many tears, and temptations, which befell me by the lying in wait of the Jews:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:20

Greek
ὡς οὐδὲν ὑπεστειλάμην τῶν συμφερόντων τοῦ μὴ ἀναγγεῖλαι ὑμῖν καὶ διδάξαι ὑμᾶς δημοσίᾳ καὶ κατʼ οἴκους,

os oyden ypesteilamen ton sympheronton toy me anaggeilai ymin kai didaxai ymas demosia kai kat oikoys,

KJV: And how I kept back nothing that was profitable unto you, but have shewed you, and have taught you publickly, and from house to house,

AKJV: And how I kept back nothing that was profitable to you, but have showed you, and have taught you publicly, and from house to house,

ASV: how I shrank not from declaring unto you anything that was profitable, and teaching you publicly, and from house to house,

YLT: how nothing I did keep back of what things are profitable, not to declare to you, and to teach you publicly, and in every house,

Commentary WitnessActs 20:20
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:20

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 20 I kept back nothing - Notwithstanding the dangers to which he was exposed, and the temptations he must have had to suppress those truths that were less acceptable to the unrenewed nature of man, or to the particular prejudices of the Jews and the Gentiles, he fully and faithfully, at all hazards, declared what he terms, Act 20:27, the whole counsel of God. "Behold here," says the judicious and pious Calmet, "the model of a good shepherd - full of doctrine and zeal: he communicates with profusion, and yet with discretion, without jealousy and without fear, what God had put in his heart, and what charity inspires. A good shepherd, says St. Bernard, should always have abundance of bread in his scrip, and his dog under command. His dog is his zeal, which he must lead, order, and moderate; his scrip full of bread is his mind full of useful knowledge; and he should ever be in readiness to give nourishment to his flock." He who will quarrel with this sentiment, because of the uncouthness of the simile, needs pity, and deserves censure.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:20

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Act 20:27

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Gentiles
  • Calmet
  • St
  • Bernard

Exposition: Acts 20:20 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And how I kept back nothing that was profitable unto you, but have shewed you, and have taught you publickly, and from house to house,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:21

Greek
διαμαρτυρόμενος Ἰουδαίοις τε καὶ Ἕλλησιν τὴν ⸀εἰς θεὸν μετάνοιαν καὶ ⸀πίστιν εἰς τὸν κύριον ἡμῶν ⸀Ἰησοῦν.

diamartyromenos Ioydaiois te kai Ellesin ten eis theon metanoian kai pistin eis ton kyrion emon Iesoyn.

KJV: Testifying both to the Jews, and also to the Greeks, repentance toward God, and faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ.

AKJV: Testifying both to the Jews, and also to the Greeks, repentance toward God, and faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ.

ASV: testifying both to Jews and to Greeks repentance toward God, and faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ.

YLT: testifying fully both to Jews and Greeks, toward God reformation, and faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ.

Commentary WitnessActs 20:21
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:21

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 21 Testify both to - Jews and - Greeks - He always began with the Jews; and, in this case, he had preached to them alone for three months, Act 19:8-10, and only left their synagogues when he found, through their obstinacy, he could do them no good. Repentance toward God, etc. - As all had sinned against God, so all should humble themselves before him against whom they have sinned; but humiliation is no atonement for sin; therefore repentance is insufficient, unless faith in our Lord Jesus Christ accompany it. Repentance disposes and prepares the soul for pardoning mercy; but can never be considered as making compensation for past acts of transgression. This repentance and faith were necessary to the salvation both of Jews and Gentiles; for all had sinned, and come short of God's glory. The Jews must repent, who had sinned so much, and so long, against light and knowledge. The Gentiles must repent, whose scandalous lives were a reproach to man. Faith in Jesus Christ was also indispensably necessary; for a Jew might repent, be sorry for his sin, and suppose that, by a proper discharge of his religious duty, and bringing proper sacrifices, he could conciliate the favor of God: No, this will not do; nothing but faith in Jesus Christ, as the end of the law, and the great and only vicarious sacrifice, will do; hence he testified to them the necessity of faith in this Messiah. The Gentiles might repent of their profligate lives, turn to the true God, and renounce all idolatry: this is well, but it is not sufficient: they also have sinned, and their present amendment and faith can make no atonement for what is past; therefore, they also must believe on the Lord Jesus, who died for their sins, and rose again for their justification.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:21

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Act 19:8-10

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Jesus
  • Jews
  • Gentiles
  • No
  • Jesus Christ
  • Messiah
  • Lord Jesus

Exposition: Acts 20:21 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Testifying both to the Jews, and also to the Greeks, repentance toward God, and faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:22

Greek
καὶ νῦν ἰδοὺ ⸂δεδεμένος ἐγὼ⸃ τῷ πνεύματι πορεύομαι εἰς Ἰερουσαλήμ, τὰ ἐν αὐτῇ συναντήσοντά ⸀μοι μὴ εἰδώς,

kai nyn idoy dedemenos ego to pneymati poreyomai eis Ieroysalem, ta en ayte synantesonta moi me eidos,

KJV: And now, behold, I go bound in the spirit unto Jerusalem, not knowing the things that shall befall me there:

AKJV: And now, behold, I go bound in the spirit to Jerusalem, not knowing the things that shall befall me there:

ASV: And now, behold, I go bound in the spirit unto Jerusalem, not knowing the things that shall befall me there:

YLT: `And now, lo, I--bound in the Spirit--go on to Jerusalem, the things that shall befall me in it not knowing,

Commentary WitnessActs 20:22
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:22

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 22 I go bound in the spirit - Δεδεμενος τῳ πνευματι - Either meaning the strong influence of the Divine Spirit upon his mind, or the strong propensity in his own will, wish, and desire, to visit Jerusalem; and in this sense δεειν, to bind, is sometimes used. But it appears more consistent with the mind of the apostle, and with that influence under which we find that he constantly acted, to refer it to the influence of the Holy Ghost; ὑπο του πνευματος, being under the power of that Spirit; as if he had said: "I have now no choice - God has not left me either to the advices of friends, or to my own prudence: the Spirit of God obliges me to go to Jerusalem, and yet does not intimate to me what peculiar trials shall befall me there: I have only the general intimation that, in every city where I proclaim the Gospel, bonds and afflictions await me." This sense of the word Kypke has largely defended in his note here.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:22

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Jerusalem
  • Holy Ghost
  • Gospel

Exposition: Acts 20:22 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And now, behold, I go bound in the spirit unto Jerusalem, not knowing the things that shall befall me there:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:23

Greek
πλὴν ὅτι τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον κατὰ πόλιν διαμαρτύρεταί ⸀μοι λέγον ὅτι δεσμὰ ⸂καὶ θλίψεις με⸃ μένουσιν·

plen oti to pneyma to agion kata polin diamartyretai moi legon oti desma kai thlipseis me menoysin·

KJV: Save that the Holy Ghost witnesseth in every city, saying that bonds and afflictions abide me.

AKJV: Save that the Holy Ghost witnesses in every city, saying that bonds and afflictions abide me.

ASV: save that the Holy Spirit testifieth unto me in every city, saying that bonds and afflictions abide me.

YLT: save that the Holy Spirit in every city doth testify fully, saying, that for me bonds and tribulations remain;

Commentary Witness (Generated)Acts 20:23
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Acts 20:23

Generated editorial synthesis

Acts 20:23 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Save that the Holy Ghost witnesseth in every city, saying that bonds and afflictions abide me.'. A close Koine Greek reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:23

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Acts 20:23

Exposition: Acts 20:23 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Save that the Holy Ghost witnesseth in every city, saying that bonds and afflictions abide me.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:24

Greek
ἀλλʼ οὐδενὸς ⸀λόγου ⸀ποιοῦμαι τὴν ⸀ψυχὴν τιμίαν ἐμαυτῷ ὡς ⸀τελειῶσαι τὸν δρόμον ⸀μου καὶ τὴν διακονίαν ἣν ἔλαβον παρὰ τοῦ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ, διαμαρτύρασθαι τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς χάριτος τοῦ θεοῦ.

all oydenos logoy poioymai ten psychen timian emayto os teleiosai ton dromon moy kai ten diakonian en elabon para toy kyrioy Iesoy, diamartyrasthai to eyaggelion tes charitos toy theoy.

KJV: But none of these things move me, neither count I my life dear unto myself, so that I might finish my course with joy, and the ministry, which I have received of the Lord Jesus, to testify the gospel of the grace of God.

AKJV: But none of these things move me, neither count I my life dear to myself, so that I might finish my course with joy, and the ministry, which I have received of the Lord Jesus, to testify the gospel of the grace of God.

ASV: But I hold not my life of any account as dear unto myself, so that I may accomplish my course, and the ministry which I received from the Lord Jesus, to testify the gospel of the grace of God.

YLT: but I make account of none of these, neither do I count my life precious to myself, so that I finish my course with joy, and the ministration that I received from the Lord Jesus, to testify fully the good news of the grace of God.

Commentary WitnessActs 20:24
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:24

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 24 None of these things move me - Ουδενος λογον ποιουμαι; I consider them as nothing; I value them not a straw; they weigh not with me. Neither count I my life dear - I am not my own; my life and being are the Lord's; he requires me to employ them in his service; I act under his direction, and am not anxious about the issue. Finish my course with joy - Τον δρομον μου, My ministerial function. We have already met with this word in application to the same subject, Act 13:25, where see the note. And the apostle here adds, by way of explanation, και την διακονιαν, even that ministry which I have received of the Lord. The words μετα χαρας, with joy, are omitted by ABD, some others; the Syriac, Erpen, Coptic, Sahidic, Ethiopic, Vulgate, and some of the fathers. If we consider them as genuine they may imply thus much: that the apostle wished to fulfill his ministry in such a way as might meet with the Divine approbation; for nothing could give him joy that did not please and glorify God. To testify - Διαμαρτυρασθαι, Earnestly, solemnly, and strenuously to assert, vindicate, and prove the Gospel of the grace of God, not only to be in itself what it professes to be, but to be also the power of God for salvation to every one that believes.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:24

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Act 13:25

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Vulgate
  • Lord
  • Syriac
  • Erpen
  • Coptic
  • Sahidic
  • Ethiopic
  • Earnestly

Exposition: Acts 20:24 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But none of these things move me, neither count I my life dear unto myself, so that I might finish my course with joy, and the ministry, which I have received of the Lord Jesus, to testify the gospel of the grace of God.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:25

Greek
Καὶ νῦν ἰδοὺ ἐγὼ οἶδα ὅτι οὐκέτι ὄψεσθε τὸ πρόσωπόν μου ὑμεῖς πάντες ἐν οἷς διῆλθον κηρύσσων τὴν ⸀βασιλείαν.

Kai nyn idoy ego oida oti oyketi opsesthe to prosopon moy ymeis pantes en ois dielthon kerysson ten basileian.

KJV: And now, behold, I know that ye all, among whom I have gone preaching the kingdom of God, shall see my face no more.

AKJV: And now, behold, I know that you all, among whom I have gone preaching the kingdom of God, shall see my face no more.

ASV: And now, behold, I know that ye all, among whom I went about preaching the kingdom, shall see my face no more.

YLT: `And now, lo, I have known that no more shall ye see my face, --ye all among whom I did go preaching the reign of God;

Commentary WitnessActs 20:25
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:25

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 25 Ye all - shall see my face no more - This probably refers simply to the persons who were now present; concerning whom he might have had a Divine intimation, that they should not be found in life when he should come that way again. Or it may refer only to Ephesus and Miletus. From the dangers to which he was exposed, it was, humanly speaking, unlikely that he should ever return; and this may be all that is implied: but that he did revisit those parts, though probably not Miletus or Ephesus, appears likely from Phi 1:25-27; Phi 2:24; Plm 1:22; Heb 13:19-23. But in all these places he speaks with a measure of uncertainty: he had not an absolute evidence that he should not return; but, in his own mind, it was a matter of uncertainty. The Holy Spirit did not think proper to give him a direct revelation on this point.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:25

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Heb 13:19-23

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Miletus
  • Ephesus

Exposition: Acts 20:25 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And now, behold, I know that ye all, among whom I have gone preaching the kingdom of God, shall see my face no more.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:26

Greek
⸀διότι μαρτύρομαι ὑμῖν ἐν τῇ σήμερον ἡμέρᾳ ὅτι καθαρός ⸀εἰμι ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος πάντων,

dioti martyromai ymin en te semeron emera oti katharos eimi apo toy aimatos panton,

KJV: Wherefore I take you to record this day, that I am pure from the blood of all men.

AKJV: Why I take you to record this day, that I am pure from the blood of all men.

ASV: Wherefore I testify unto you this day, that I am pure from the blood of all men.

YLT: wherefore I take you to witness this day, that I am clear from the blood of all,

Commentary WitnessActs 20:26
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:26

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 26 I am pure from the blood of all - If any man, Jew or Gentile, perish in his sins, his blood shall be upon him; he, alone, shall be accessary to his own perdition. I am blameless, because I have fully shown to both the way to escape from every evil.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:26

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Gentile

Exposition: Acts 20:26 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Wherefore I take you to record this day, that I am pure from the blood of all men.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:27

Greek
οὐ γὰρ ὑπεστειλάμην τοῦ μὴ ἀναγγεῖλαι ⸂πᾶσαν τὴν βουλὴν τοῦ θεοῦ ὑμῖν⸃.

oy gar ypesteilamen toy me anaggeilai pasan ten boylen toy theoy ymin.

KJV: For I have not shunned to declare unto you all the counsel of God.

AKJV: For I have not shunned to declare to you all the counsel of God. ¶

ASV: For I shrank not from declaring unto you the whole counsel of God.

YLT: for I did not keep back from declaring to you all the counsel of God.

Commentary WitnessActs 20:27
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:27

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 27 I have not shunned to declare - Ου υπεϚιλαμην, I have not suppressed or concealed any thing, through fear or favor, that might be beneficial to your souls. This is properly the meaning of the original word. See the note on Act 20:20. All the counsel of God - All that God has determined and revealed concerning the salvation of man - the whole doctrine of Christ crucified, with repentance towards God, and faith in Jesus as the Messiah and great atoning Priest. In Isa 9:6, Jesus Christ is called the wonderful counsellor, פלא יועץ Pele Poets, which the Septuagint translate μεγαλης βουλης αγγελος· The messenger of the great counsel. To this the apostle may have referred, as we well know that this version was constantly under his eye. Declaring therefore to them the whole counsel of God, πασην την βουλην του Θεου, the whole of that counsel or design of God, was, in effect, declaring the whole that concerned the Lord Jesus, who was the messenger of this counsel.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:27

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Act 20:20
  • Isa 9:6

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Septuagint
  • Jesus
  • Priest
  • Pele Poets
  • Lord Jesus

Exposition: Acts 20:27 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For I have not shunned to declare unto you all the counsel of God.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:28

Greek
⸀προσέχετε ἑαυτοῖς καὶ παντὶ τῷ ποιμνίῳ, ἐν ᾧ ὑμᾶς τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον ἔθετο ἐπισκόπους, ποιμαίνειν τὴν ἐκκλησίαν τοῦ ⸀θεοῦ, ἣν περιεποιήσατο διὰ τοῦ ⸂αἵματος τοῦ ἰδίου⸃.

prosechete eaytois kai panti to poimnio, en o ymas to pneyma to agion etheto episkopoys, poimainein ten ekklesian toy theoy, en periepoiesato dia toy aimatos toy idioy.

KJV: Take heed therefore unto yourselves, and to all the flock, over the which the Holy Ghost hath made you overseers, to feed the church of God, which he hath purchased with his own blood.

AKJV: Take heed therefore to yourselves, and to all the flock, over the which the Holy Ghost has made you overseers, to feed the church of God, which he has purchased with his own blood.

ASV: Take heed unto yourselves, and to all the flock, in which the Holy Spirit hath made you bishops, to feed the church of the Lord which he purchased with his own blood.

YLT: `Take heed, therefore, to yourselves, and to all the flock, among which the Holy Spirit made you overseers, to feed the assembly of God that He acquired through His own blood,

Commentary WitnessActs 20:28
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:28

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 28 Made you overseers - Εθετο επισκοπους, Appointed you bishops; for so we translate the original word in most places where it occurs: but overseers, or inspectors, is much more proper, from επι, over, and σκεπτομαι, I look. The persons who examine into the spiritual state of the flock of God, and take care to lead them in and out, and to find them pasture, are termed episcopoi, or superintendents. The office of a bishop is from God; a true pastor only can fulfill this office: it is an office of most awful responsibility; few there are who can fill it; and, of those who occupy this high and awful place, perhaps we may say there are fewer still who discharge the duties of it. There are, however, through the good providence of God, Christian bishops, who, while they are honored by the calling, do credit to the sacred function. And the annals of our Church can boast of at least as many of this class of men, who have served their God and their generation, as of any other order, in the proportion which this order bears to others in the Church of Christ. That bishop and presbyter, or elder, were at this time of the same order, and that the word was indifferently used of both, see noticed on Act 20:17 (note). Feed the Church of God - This verse has been the subject of much controversy, particularly in reference to the term Θεου, of God, in this place; and concerning it there is great dissension among the MSS. and versions. Three readings exist in them, in reference to which critics and commentators have been much divided; viz. εκκλησιαν του Θεου, the Church of God; του Κυριου, of the Lord; Κυριου και Θεου, of the Lord and God. From the collections of Wetstein and Griesbach, it appears that but few MSS., and none of them very ancient, have the word Θεου, of God; with these only the Vulgate, and the later Syriac in the text, agree. Κυριου, of the Lord, is the reading of ACDE, several others, the Sahidic, Coptic, later Syriac in the margin, Armenian, Ethiopia, and some of the fathers. Κυριου και Θεου, of the Lord and of God, is the reading of the great majority; though the most ancient are for Κυριου, of the Lord: on this ground Griesbach has admitted this reading into the text, and put Κυριου και Θεου in the margin, as being next in authority. Mr. Wakefield, who was a professed and conscientious Unitarian, decides for του Θεου, of God, as the true reading; but, instead of translating του ιδιου αἱματος, with his own blood, he translates, by his own Son, and brings some passages from the Greek and Roman writers to show that αἱμα and sanguis are used to signify son, or near relative; and, were this the only place where purchasing with his own blood occurred, we might receive this saying; but, as the redemption of man is, throughout the New Testament, attributed to the sacrificial death of Christ, it is not likely that this very unusual meaning should apply here. At all events, we have here a proof that the Church was purchased by the blood of Christ; and, as to his Godhead, it is sufficiently established in many other places. When we grant that the greater evidence appears to be in favor of του Κυριου, feed the Church of the Lord, which he has purchased with his own blood, we must maintain that, had not this Lord been God, his blood could have been no purchase for the souls of a lost world.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:28

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Act 20:17

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Ovid
  • Vulgate
  • Christ
  • Lord
  • Griesbach
  • Sahidic
  • Coptic
  • Armenian
  • Ethiopia
  • Mr
  • Wakefield
  • Unitarian
  • Son
  • New Testament
  • Godhead

Exposition: Acts 20:28 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Take heed therefore unto yourselves, and to all the flock, over the which the Holy Ghost hath made you overseers, to feed the church of God, which he hath purchased with his own blood.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:29

Greek
ἐγὼ ⸀οἶδα ὅτι εἰσελεύσονται μετὰ τὴν ἄφιξίν μου λύκοι βαρεῖς εἰς ὑμᾶς μὴ φειδόμενοι τοῦ ποιμνίου,

ego oida oti eiseleysontai meta ten aphixin moy lykoi bareis eis ymas me pheidomenoi toy poimnioy,

KJV: For I know this, that after my departing shall grievous wolves enter in among you, not sparing the flock.

AKJV: For I know this, that after my departing shall grievous wolves enter in among you, not sparing the flock.

ASV: I know that after my departing grievous wolves shall enter in among you, not sparing the flock;

YLT: for I have known this, that there shall enter in, after my departing, grievous wolves unto you, not sparing the flock,

Commentary WitnessActs 20:29
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:29

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 29 After my departing - Referring, most likely, to his death; for few of these evils took place during his life. Grievous wolves - Persons professing to be teachers; Judaizing Christians, who, instead of feeding the flock, would feed themselves, even to the oppression and ruin of the Church.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:29

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Referring
  • Judaizing Christians
  • Church

Exposition: Acts 20:29 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For I know this, that after my departing shall grievous wolves enter in among you, not sparing the flock.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:30

Greek
καὶ ἐξ ὑμῶν αὐτῶν ἀναστήσονται ἄνδρες λαλοῦντες διεστραμμένα τοῦ ἀποσπᾶν τοὺς μαθητὰς ὀπίσω ⸀ἑαυτῶν·

kai ex ymon ayton anastesontai andres laloyntes diestrammena toy apospan toys mathetas opiso eayton·

KJV: Also of your own selves shall men arise, speaking perverse things, to draw away disciples after them.

AKJV: Also of your own selves shall men arise, speaking perverse things, to draw away disciples after them.

ASV: and from among your own selves shall men arise, speaking perverse things, to draw away the disciples after them.

YLT: and of your own selves there shall arise men, speaking perverse things, to draw away the disciples after them.

Commentary WitnessActs 20:30
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:30

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 30 Also of your own selves, etc. - From out of your own assembly shall men arise, speaking perverse things, teaching for truth what is erroneous in itself, and perversive of the genuine doctrine of Christ crucified. To draw away disciples - To make schisms or rents in the Church, in order to get a party to themselves. See, here, the cause of divisions in the Church: 1. The superintendents lose the life of God, neglect the souls of the people, become greedy of gain, and, by secular extortions, oppress the people. 2. The members of the Church, thus neglected, oppressed, and irritated, get their minds alienated from their rapacious pastors. 3. Men of sinister views take advantage of this state of distraction, foment discord, preach up the necessity of division, and thus the people become separated from the great body, and associate with those who profess to care for their souls, and who disclaim all secular views. In this state of distraction, it is a high proof of God's love to his heritage, if one be found who, possessing the true apostolic doctrine and spirit, rises up to call men back to the primitive truth, and restore the primitive discipline. How soon the grievous wolves and perverse teachers arose in the Churches of Asia Minor, the first chapters of the Apocalypse inform us. The Nicolaitans had nearly ruined the Church of Ephesus, Rev 1:2, Rev 1:6. The same sect, with other false teachers, infested the Church of Pergamos, and preached there the doctrine of Balaam, Rev 2:14, Rev 2:15. A false prophetess seduced the Church of Thyatira, Rev 2:20. All these Churches were in Asia Minor, and probably bishops or ministers from each were present at this convocation.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:30

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Rev 1:2
  • Rev 1:6
  • Rev 2:14
  • Rev 2:15
  • Rev 2:20

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Church
  • See
  • Asia Minor
  • Ephesus
  • Pergamos
  • Balaam
  • Thyatira

Exposition: Acts 20:30 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Also of your own selves shall men arise, speaking perverse things, to draw away disciples after them.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:31

Greek
διὸ γρηγορεῖτε, μνημονεύοντες ὅτι τριετίαν νύκτα καὶ ἡμέραν οὐκ ἐπαυσάμην μετὰ δακρύων νουθετῶν ἕνα ἕκαστον.

dio gregoreite, mnemoneyontes oti trietian nykta kai emeran oyk epaysamen meta dakryon noytheton ena ekaston.

KJV: Therefore watch, and remember, that by the space of three years I ceased not to warn every one night and day with tears.

AKJV: Therefore watch, and remember, that by the space of three years I ceased not to warn every one night and day with tears.

ASV: Wherefore watch ye, remembering that by the space of three years I ceased not to admonish every one night and day with tears.

YLT: `Therefore, watch, remembering that three years, night and day, I did not cease with tears warning each one;

Commentary WitnessActs 20:31
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:31

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 31 Therefore watch, and remember - The only way to abide in the truth is to watch against evil, and for good; and to keep in mind the heavenly doctrines originally received. Unwatchfulness and forgetfulness are two grand inlets to apostasy. By the space of three years - Τριετιαν. The Greek word here does not necessarily mean three whole years: it may be months more or less. In Act 19:8, Act 19:10, we have an account of his spending two years and three months among them; probably this is all that is intended. One MS., perceiving that the time of three years was not completed, inserts διετιαν, the space of two years.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:31

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Act 19:8
  • Act 19:10

Exposition: Acts 20:31 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Therefore watch, and remember, that by the space of three years I ceased not to warn every one night and day with tears.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:32

Greek
καὶ τὰ νῦν παρατίθεμαι ⸀ὑμᾶς τῷ ⸀θεῷ καὶ τῷ λόγῳ τῆς χάριτος αὐτοῦ, τῷ δυναμένῳ ⸀οἰκοδομῆσαι καὶ δοῦναι ⸀τὴν κληρονομίαν ἐν τοῖς ἡγιασμένοις πᾶσιν.

kai ta nyn paratithemai ymas to theo kai to logo tes charitos aytoy, to dynameno oikodomesai kai doynai ten kleronomian en tois egiasmenois pasin.

KJV: And now, brethren, I commend you to God, and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up, and to give you an inheritance among all them which are sanctified.

AKJV: And now, brothers, I commend you to God, and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up, and to give you an inheritance among all them which are sanctified.

ASV: And now I commend you to God, and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up, and to give you the inheritance among all them that are sanctified.

YLT: and now, I commend you, brethren, to God, and to the word of His grace, that is able to build up, and to give you an inheritance among all those sanctified.

Commentary WitnessActs 20:32
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:32

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 32 I commend you to God - Instead of τῳ Θεῳ, to God, several MSS. have τῳ Κυριῳ, to the Lord; neither reading makes any difference in the sense. And to the word of his grace - The doctrine of salvation by Christ Jesus. Which is able to build you up - The foundation is Jesus Christ; God is the great master-builder; the doctrine of his grace, or mercy, points out the order and manner, as well as the extent, etc., of this building. Let us observe the order of these things: - 1. The soul of man, which was formerly the habitation of God, is now in a state of ruin. 2. The ruins of this soul must be repaired, that it may again become a habitation of God through the Spirit. 3. Jesus Christ is the only foundation on which this house can be rebuilded. 4. The doctrine of God's grace is the model, or plan, according to which the building can be raised. 5. When re-edified, each is to be a lively temple of the Lord, made inwardly pure and outwardly righteous, and thus prepared for a state of bliss. 6. Being made children of God, by faith in Christ Jesus, and sanctified by his Spirit, they have a right to the heavenly inheritance; for only the children of the family can possess the celestial estate. Thus we find they must be saved by grace, and be made thereby children of God; be sanctified by his Spirit; and, then, being prepared for, they are removed, in due time, into the heavenly inheritance.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:32

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Jesus
  • Lord
  • Christ Jesus
  • Jesus Christ

Exposition: Acts 20:32 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And now, brethren, I commend you to God, and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up, and to give you an inheritance among all them which are sanctified.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:33

Greek
ἀργυρίου ἢ χρυσίου ἢ ἱματισμοῦ οὐδενὸς ἐπεθύμησα·

argyrioy e chrysioy e imatismoy oydenos epethymesa·

KJV: I have coveted no man’s silver, or gold, or apparel.

AKJV: I have coveted no man’s silver, or gold, or apparel.

ASV: I coveted no man’s silver, or gold, or apparel.

YLT: `The silver or gold or garments of no one did I covet;

Commentary WitnessActs 20:33
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:33

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 33 I have coveted no man's silver, etc. - And from this circumstance they would be able to discover the grievous wolves, and the perverters; for these had nothing but their own interests in view; whereas the genuine disciples of Christ neither coveted nor had worldly possessions. St. Paul's account of his own disinterestedness is very similar to that given by Samuel of his, 1Sam 12:3-5.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:33

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • 1Sam 12:3-5

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • St

Exposition: Acts 20:33 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'I have coveted no man’s silver, or gold, or apparel.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:34

Greek
αὐτοὶ γινώσκετε ὅτι ταῖς χρείαις μου καὶ τοῖς οὖσι μετʼ ἐμοῦ ὑπηρέτησαν αἱ χεῖρες αὗται.

aytoi ginoskete oti tais chreiais moy kai tois oysi met emoy yperetesan ai cheires aytai.

KJV: Yea, ye yourselves know, that these hands have ministered unto my necessities, and to them that were with me.

AKJV: Yes, you yourselves know, that these hands have ministered to my necessities, and to them that were with me.

ASV: Ye yourselves know that these hands ministered unto my necessities, and to them that were with me.

YLT: and ye yourselves know that to my necessities, and to those who were with me, minister did these hands;

Commentary WitnessActs 20:34
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:34

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 34 These hands have ministered, etc. - It was neither "sin nor discredit" for the apostle to work to maintain himself, when the circumstances of the Church were such that it could not support him. Still many eminent ministers of God are obliged to support themselves and their families, at least in part, in the same way, while indefatigably testifying the Gospel of the grace of God. Whatever it may be to the people, it is no cause of reproach to the minister, to be obliged thus to employ himself.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:34

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: Acts 20:34 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Yea, ye yourselves know, that these hands have ministered unto my necessities, and to them that were with me.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:35

Greek
πάντα ὑπέδειξα ὑμῖν ὅτι οὕτως κοπιῶντας δεῖ ἀντιλαμβάνεσθαι τῶν ἀσθενούντων, μνημονεύειν τε τῶν λόγων τοῦ κυρίου Ἰησοῦ ὅτι αὐτὸς εἶπεν Μακάριόν ἐστιν μᾶλλον διδόναι ἢ λαμβάνειν.

panta ypedeixa ymin oti oytos kopiontas dei antilambanesthai ton asthenoynton, mnemoneyein te ton logon toy kyrioy Iesoy oti aytos eipen Makarion estin mallon didonai e lambanein.

KJV: I have shewed you all things, how that so labouring ye ought to support the weak, and to remember the words of the Lord Jesus, how he said, It is more blessed to give than to receive.

AKJV: I have showed you all things, how that so laboring you ought to support the weak, and to remember the words of the Lord Jesus, how he said, It is more blessed to give than to receive. ¶

ASV: In all things I gave you an example, that so laboring ye ought to help the weak, and to remember the words of the Lord Jesus, that he himself said, It is more blessed to give than to receive.

YLT: all things I did shew you, that, thus labouring, it behoveth us to partake with the ailing, to be mindful also of the words of the Lord Jesus, that he himself said, It is more blessed to give than to receive.'

Commentary WitnessActs 20:35
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:35

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 35 I have showed you all things - The preposition κατα is to be understood before παντα; and the clause should be read thus - I have showed you In all things, etc. It is more blessed to give than to receive - That is, the giver is more happy than the receiver. Where, or on what occasion, our Lord spake these words we know not, as they do not exist in any of the four evangelists. But that our Lord did speak them, St. Paul's evidence is quite sufficient to prove. The sentiment is worthy of Christ. A truly generous mind, in affluence, rejoices in opportunities to do good, and feels happy in having such opportunities. A man of an independent spirit, when reduced to poverty, finds it a severe trial to be obliged to live on the bounty of another, and feels pain in receiving what the other feels a happiness in communicating. Let, therefore, the man who is able to give feel himself the obliged person, and think how much pain the feeling heart of his supplicant must endure, in being obliged to forego his native independence, in soliciting and receiving the bounty of another. I am not speaking of common beggars; these have got their minds already depraved, and their native independence reduced, by sin and idleness, to servility.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:35

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Where
  • St
  • Christ
  • Let

Exposition: Acts 20:35 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'I have shewed you all things, how that so labouring ye ought to support the weak, and to remember the words of the Lord Jesus, how he said, It is more blessed to give than to receive.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:36

Greek
Καὶ ταῦτα εἰπὼν θεὶς τὰ γόνατα αὐτοῦ σὺν πᾶσιν αὐτοῖς προσηύξατο.

Kai tayta eipon theis ta gonata aytoy syn pasin aytois proseyxato.

KJV: And when he had thus spoken, he kneeled down, and prayed with them all.

AKJV: And when he had thus spoken, he kneeled down, and prayed with them all.

ASV: And when he had thus spoken, he kneeled down and prayed with them all.

YLT: And these things having said, having bowed his knees, with them all, he did pray,

Commentary WitnessActs 20:36
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:36

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 36 He kneeled down and prayed - Kneeling is the proper posture of a supplicant, it argues at once both humility and submission; and he who prays to God should endeavor to feel the utmost measures of both.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:36

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Ray

Exposition: Acts 20:36 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when he had thus spoken, he kneeled down, and prayed with them all.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:37

Greek
ἱκανὸς δὲ ⸂κλαυθμὸς ἐγένετο⸃ πάντων, καὶ ἐπιπεσόντες ἐπὶ τὸν τράχηλον τοῦ Παύλου κατεφίλουν αὐτόν,

ikanos de klaythmos egeneto panton, kai epipesontes epi ton trachelon toy Payloy katephiloyn ayton,

KJV: And they all wept sore, and fell on Paul’s neck, and kissed him,

AKJV: And they all wept sore, and fell on Paul’s neck, and kissed him,

ASV: And they all wept sore, and fell on Paul’s neck and kissed him,

YLT: and there came a great weeping to all, and having fallen upon the neck of Paul, they were kissing him,

Commentary WitnessActs 20:37
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:37

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 37 Fell on Paul's neck - Leaned their heads against his shoulders, and kissed his neck. This was not an unusual custom in the east.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:37

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: Acts 20:37 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they all wept sore, and fell on Paul’s neck, and kissed him,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Acts 20:38

Greek
ὀδυνώμενοι μάλιστα ἐπὶ τῷ λόγῳ ᾧ εἰρήκει ὅτι οὐκέτι μέλλουσιν τὸ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ θεωρεῖν. προέπεμπον δὲ αὐτὸν εἰς τὸ πλοῖον.

odynomenoi malista epi to logo o eirekei oti oyketi melloysin to prosopon aytoy theorein. proepempon de ayton eis to ploion.

KJV: Sorrowing most of all for the words which he spake, that they should see his face no more. And they accompanied him unto the ship.

AKJV: Sorrowing most of all for the words which he spoke, that they should see his face no more. And they accompanied him to the ship.

ASV: sorrowing most of all for the word which he had spoken, that they should behold his face no more. And they brought him on his way unto the ship.

YLT: sorrowing most of all for the word that he had said--that they are about no more to see his face; and they were accompanying him to the ship.

Commentary WitnessActs 20:38
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Acts 20:38

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 38 That they should see his face no more - This was a most solemn meeting, and a most affecting parting. The man who had first pointed out to them the Lord Jesus Christ, by whom they had been brought into so glorious a state of salvation, is now going away, in all likelihood, to be seen no more till the day in which the quick and dead shall stand before the throne of judgment. Such a scene, and its correspondent feelings, are more easily imagined than described. 1. As the disciples are stated to have come together on the first day of the week, we may learn from this that, ever since the apostolic times, the Lord's day, now the Christian Sabbath, was set apart for religious exercises; such as the preaching of God's holy word, and celebrating the sacrament of the Lord's Supper. Besides its being the day on which our blessed Lord rose from the dead, the practice of the apostles and the primitive Church is an additional reason why we should religiously celebrate this first day of the week. They who, professing the Christian religion, still prefer the Jewish Sabbath, have little to support them in the New Testament. How prone is man to affect to be wise above what is written, while he is, in almost every respect, below the teaching so plainly laid down in the Divine word. 2. The charge of St. Paul to the pastors of the Church of Christ at Ephesus and Miletus contains much that is interesting to every Christian minister: 1. If he be sent of God at all, he is sent to feed the flock. 2. But, in order to feed them, he must have the bread of life. 3. This bread he must distribute in its due season, that each may have that portion that is suitable to time, place, and state. 4. While he is feeding others, he should take care to have his own soul fed: it is possible for a minister to be the instrument of feeding others, and yet starve himself. 5. If Jesus Christ intrust to his care the souls he has bought by his own blood, what an awful account will he have to give in the day of judgment, if any of them perish through his neglect! Though the sinner, dying in his sins, has his own blood upon his head, yet, if the watchman has not faithfully warned him, his blood will be required at the watchman's hand. Let him who is concerned read Ezekiel, Eze 33:3-5, and think of the account which he is shortly to give unto God. 3. Tenderness and sympathy are not inconsistent with the highest state of grace. Paul warns his hearers day and night with tears. His hearers now weep sore at the departure of their beloved pastor. They who can give up a Christian minister with indifference, have either profited little under that ministry, or they have backslidden from the grace of God. The pastors should love as fathers, the converts as children; and all feel themselves one family, under that great head, Christ Jesus.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Acts 20:38

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Eze 33:3-5

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Jesus
  • Lord Jesus Christ
  • Christian Sabbath
  • Supper
  • Jewish Sabbath
  • New Testament
  • St
  • But
  • Ezekiel
  • Christ Jesus

Exposition: Acts 20:38 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Sorrowing most of all for the words which he spake, that they should see his face no more. And they accompanied him unto the ship.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Citation trailOpen the commentary counts, references, and named sources.

Scholarly apparatus

Commentary citation index

This chapter now surfaces commentary as quoted witness material with an explicit citation trail. The index below gathers the canonical references and named authorities detected inside the commentary layer for faster academic review.

Direct commentary witnesses

34

Generated editorial witnesses

4

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Canonical references surfaced in commentary

  • Act 20:1
  • Act 20:2
  • Act 20:3
  • Act 20:4
  • Act 20:5
  • Act 20:6
  • Act 20:7-9
  • Act 20:10-12
  • Act 20:13
  • Act 20:14
  • Act 20:15
  • 1Cor 16:8
  • Acts 20:1
  • 2Cor 7:5-7
  • 2Cor 8:16
  • 2Cor 8:17
  • 1Cor 16:5
  • 2Cor 12:14
  • 2Cor 13:1
  • Acts 20:2
  • Acts 20:3
  • Acts 20:4
  • Act 16:8
  • Acts 20:5
  • Exodus 12:1-51
  • Act 16:10-12
  • Acts 20:6
  • Act 20:11
  • Acts 20:7
  • Acts 20:8
  • Acts 20:9
  • 2Kgs 4:33-35
  • Acts 20:10
  • Acts 20:11
  • Acts 20:12
  • Act 20:30
  • Acts 20:13
  • Acts 20:14
  • Acts 20:15
  • Acts 20:16
  • Act 20:28
  • Acts 20:17
  • Act 20:31
  • Acts 20:18
  • Acts 20:19
  • Act 20:27
  • Acts 20:20
  • Act 19:8-10
  • Acts 20:21
  • Acts 20:22
  • Acts 20:23
  • Act 13:25
  • Acts 20:24
  • Heb 13:19-23
  • Acts 20:25
  • Acts 20:26
  • Act 20:20
  • Isa 9:6
  • Acts 20:27
  • Act 20:17
  • Acts 20:28
  • Acts 20:29
  • Rev 1:2
  • Rev 1:6
  • Rev 2:14
  • Rev 2:15
  • Rev 2:20
  • Acts 20:30
  • Act 19:8
  • Act 19:10
  • Acts 20:31
  • Acts 20:32
  • 1Sam 12:3-5
  • Acts 20:33
  • Acts 20:34
  • Acts 20:35
  • Acts 20:36
  • Acts 20:37
  • Eze 33:3-5
  • Acts 20:38

Named authorities or texts surfaced in commentary

  • Ray
  • Macedonia
  • Greece
  • Syria
  • Asia
  • Troas
  • Philippi
  • Eutychus
  • Assos
  • Mitylene
  • Chios
  • Samos
  • Trogyllium
  • Miletus
  • Jerusalem
  • Ephesus
  • Caesarea
  • Into Hellas
  • Propontis
  • Achaia
  • Titus
  • Corinth
  • Church
  • St
  • Augustin
  • See Calmet
  • Jesus
  • Partly
  • Athens
  • Romans
  • Rome
  • Therefore
  • Berea
  • Thessalonians
  • Secundus
  • Derbe
  • Timotheus
  • Trophimus
  • Phrygia Minor
  • Troad
  • Christian Sabbath
  • Lord
  • Christians
  • Jewish Sabbath
  • May
  • Pausanias
  • Eliac
  • Pliny
  • Hist
  • Nat
  • Mysia
  • Apollonia
  • Ib
  • Again
  • Philo
  • Aegean Sea
  • Archipelago
  • Ionia
  • Strabo
  • Maeander
  • Caria
  • Calmet
  • Thales
  • The Turks
  • Melas
  • Christ
  • Now
  • Christian
  • Gentiles
  • Bernard
  • Jews
  • No
  • Jesus Christ
  • Messiah
  • Lord Jesus
  • Holy Ghost
  • Gospel
  • Vulgate
  • Syriac
  • Erpen
  • Coptic
  • Sahidic
  • Ethiopic
  • Earnestly
  • Gentile
  • Septuagint
  • Priest
  • Pele Poets
  • Ovid
  • Griesbach
  • Armenian
  • Ethiopia
  • Mr
  • Wakefield
  • Unitarian
  • Son
  • New Testament
  • Godhead
  • Referring
  • Judaizing Christians
  • See
  • Asia Minor
  • Pergamos
  • Balaam
  • Thyatira
  • Christ Jesus
  • Where
  • Let
  • Lord Jesus Christ
  • Supper
  • But
  • Ezekiel
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