Apologetics Bible

Exodus 12:1

Hebrew

וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה וְאֶֽל־אַהֲרֹן בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם לֵאמֹֽר׃

vayo'mer-yehvah-'el-mosheh-ve'el-'aharon-ve'eretz-mitzerayim-le'mor

KJV: And the LORD spake unto Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying,

AKJV: And the LORD spoke to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt saying,

ASV: And Jehovah spake unto Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying,

YLT: And Jehovah speaketh unto Moses and unto Aaron, in the land of Egypt, saying,

Exposition: Exodus 12:1 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And the LORD spake unto Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, saying,'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:2

Hebrew

הַחֹדֶשׁ הַזֶּה לָכֶם רֹאשׁ חֳדָשִׁים רִאשׁוֹן הוּא לָכֶם לְחָדְשֵׁי הַשָּׁנָֽה׃

hachodesh-hazeh-lakhem-ro'sh-chodashiym-ri'shvon-hv'-lakhem-lechadeshey-hashanah

KJV: This month shall be unto you the beginning of months: it shall be the first month of the year to you.

AKJV: This month shall be to you the beginning of months: it shall be the first month of the year to you. ¶

ASV: This month shall be unto you the beginning of months: it shall be the first month of the year to you.

YLT: `This month is to you the chief of months--it is the first to you of the months of the year;

Exposition: Exodus 12:2 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'This month shall be unto you the beginning of months: it shall be the first month of the year to you.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:3

Hebrew

דַּבְּרוּ אֶֽל־כָּל־עֲדַת יִשְׂרָאֵל לֵאמֹר בֶּעָשֹׂר לַחֹדֶשׁ הַזֶּה וְיִקְחוּ לָהֶם אִישׁ שֶׂה לְבֵית־אָבֹת שֶׂה לַבָּֽיִת׃

daverv-'el-khal-'adat-yishera'el-le'mor-ve'ashor-lachodesh-hazeh-veyiqechv-lahem-'iysh-sheh-leveyt-'avot-sheh-lavayit

KJV: Speak ye unto all the congregation of Israel, saying, In the tenth day of this month they shall take to them every man a lamb, according to the house of their fathers, a lamb for an house:

AKJV: Speak you to all the congregation of Israel, saying, In the tenth day of this month they shall take to them every man a lamb, according to the house of their fathers, a lamb for an house:

ASV: Speak ye unto all the congregation of Israel, saying, In the tenth day of this month they shall take to them every man a lamb, according to their fathers’ houses, a lamb for a household:

YLT: speak ye unto all the company of Israel, saying, In the tenth of this month--they take to them each man a lamb for the house of the fathers, a lamb for a house.

Exposition: Exodus 12:3 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'Speak ye unto all the congregation of Israel, saying, In the tenth day of this month they shall take to them every man a lamb, according to the house of their fathers, a lamb for an house:'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:4

Hebrew

וְאִם־יִמְעַט הַבַּיִת מִהְיֹת מִשֶּׂה וְלָקַח הוּא וּשְׁכֵנוֹ הַקָּרֹב אֶל־בֵּיתוֹ בְּמִכְסַת נְפָשֹׁת אִישׁ לְפִי אָכְלוֹ תָּכֹסּוּ עַל־הַשֶּֽׂה׃

ve'im-yime'at-havayit-miheyot-misheh-velaqach-hv'-vshekhenvo-haqarov-'el-veytvo-vemikhesat-nefashot-'iysh-lefiy-'akhelvo-takhosv-'al-hasheh

KJV: And if the household be too little for the lamb, let him and his neighbour next unto his house take it according to the number of the souls; every man according to his eating shall make your count for the lamb.

AKJV: And if the household be too little for the lamb, let him and his neighbor next to his house take it according to the number of the souls; every man according to his eating shall make your count for the lamb.

ASV: and if the household be too little for a lamb, then shall he and his neighbor next unto his house take one according to the number of the souls; according to every man’s eating ye shall make your count for the lamb.

YLT: `(And if the household be too few for a lamb, then hath he taken, he and his neighbour who is near unto his house, for the number of persons, each according to his eating ye do count for the lamb,)

Exposition: Exodus 12:4 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And if the household be too little for the lamb, let him and his neighbour next unto his house take it according to the number of the souls; every man according to his eating shall make your count for the lamb.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:5

Hebrew

שֶׂה תָמִים זָכָר בֶּן־שָׁנָה יִהְיֶה לָכֶם מִן־הַכְּבָשִׂים וּמִן־הָעִזִּים תִּקָּֽחוּ׃

sheh-tamiym-zakhar-ven-shanah-yiheyeh-lakhem-min-hakhevashiym-vmin-ha'iziym-tiqachv

KJV: Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male of the first year: ye shall take it out from the sheep, or from the goats:

AKJV: Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male of the first year: you shall take it out from the sheep, or from the goats:

ASV: Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male a year old: ye shall take it from the sheep, or from the goats:

YLT: a lamb, a perfect one, a male, a son of a year, let be to you; from the sheep or from the goats ye do take it .

Exposition: Exodus 12:5 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male of the first year: ye shall take it out from the sheep, or from the goats:'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:6

Hebrew

וְהָיָה לָכֶם לְמִשְׁמֶרֶת עַד אַרְבָּעָה עָשָׂר יוֹם לַחֹדֶשׁ הַזֶּה וְשָׁחֲטוּ אֹתוֹ כֹּל קְהַל עֲדַֽת־יִשְׂרָאֵל בֵּין הָעַרְבָּֽיִם׃

vehayah-lakhem-lemishemeret-'ad-'areva'ah-'ashar-yvom-lachodesh-hazeh-veshachatv-'otvo-khol-qehal-'adat-yishera'el-veyn-ha'arevayim

KJV: And ye shall keep it up until the fourteenth day of the same month: and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it in the evening.

AKJV: And you shall keep it up until the fourteenth day of the same month: and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it in the evening.

ASV: and ye shall keep it until the fourteenth day of the same month; and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it at even.

YLT: `And it hath become a charge to you, until the fourteenth day of this month, and the whole assembly of the company of Israel have slaughtered it between the evenings;

Exposition: Exodus 12:6 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And ye shall keep it up until the fourteenth day of the same month: and the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill it in the evening.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:7

Hebrew

וְלָֽקְחוּ מִן־הַדָּם וְנָתְנוּ עַל־שְׁתֵּי הַמְּזוּזֹת וְעַל־הַמַּשְׁקוֹף עַל הַבָּתִּים אֲשֶׁר־יֹאכְלוּ אֹתוֹ בָּהֶֽם׃

velaqechv-min-hadam-venatenv-'al-shetey-hamezvzot-ve'al-hamasheqvof-'al-havatiym-'asher-yo'khelv-'otvo-vahem

KJV: And they shall take of the blood, and strike it on the two side posts and on the upper door post of the houses, wherein they shall eat it.

AKJV: And they shall take of the blood, and strike it on the two side posts and on the upper door post of the houses, wherein they shall eat it.

ASV: And they shall take of the blood, and put it on the two side-posts and on the lintel, upon the houses wherein they shall eat it.

YLT: and they have taken of the blood, and have put on the two side-posts, and on the lintel over the houses in which they eat it.

Exposition: Exodus 12:7 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And they shall take of the blood, and strike it on the two side posts and on the upper door post of the houses, wherein they shall eat it.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:8

Hebrew

וְאָכְלוּ אֶת־הַבָּשָׂר בַּלַּיְלָה הַזֶּה צְלִי־אֵשׁ וּמַצּוֹת עַל־מְרֹרִים יֹאכְלֻֽהוּ׃

ve'akhelv-'et-havashar-valayelah-hazeh-tzeliy-'esh-vmatzvot-'al-meroriym-yo'kheluhv

KJV: And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; and with bitter herbs they shall eat it.

AKJV: And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; and with bitter herbs they shall eat it.

ASV: And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; with bitter herbs they shall eat it.

YLT: `And they have eaten the flesh in this night, roast with fire; with unleavened things and bitters they do eat it;

Exposition: Exodus 12:8 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; and with bitter herbs they shall eat it.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:9

Hebrew

אַל־תֹּאכְלוּ מִמֶּנּוּ נָא וּבָשֵׁל מְבֻשָּׁל בַּמָּיִם כִּי אִם־צְלִי־אֵשׁ רֹאשׁוֹ עַל־כְּרָעָיו וְעַל־קִרְבּֽוֹ׃

'al-to'khelv-mimenv-na'-vvashel-mevushal-vamayim-khiy-'im-tzeliy-'esh-ro'shvo-'al-khera'ayv-ve'al-qirevvo

KJV: Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; his head with his legs, and with the purtenance thereof.

AKJV: Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; his head with his legs, and with the entrails thereof.

ASV: Eat not of it raw, nor boiled at all with water, but roast with fire; its head with its legs and with the inwards thereof.

YLT: ye do not eat of it raw, or boiled at all in water, but roast with fire, its head with its legs, and with its inwards;

Exposition: Exodus 12:9 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; his head with his legs, and with the purtenance thereof.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:10

Hebrew

וְלֹא־תוֹתִירוּ מִמֶּנּוּ עַד־בֹּקֶר וְהַנֹּתָר מִמֶּנּוּ עַד־בֹּקֶר בָּאֵשׁ תִּשְׂרֹֽפוּ׃

velo'-tvotiyrv-mimenv-'ad-voqer-vehanotar-mimenv-'ad-voqer-va'esh-tisherofv

KJV: And ye shall let nothing of it remain until the morning; and that which remaineth of it until the morning ye shall burn with fire.

AKJV: And you shall let nothing of it remain until the morning; and that which remains of it until the morning you shall burn with fire. ¶

ASV: And ye shall let nothing of it remain until the morning; but that which remaineth of it until the morning ye shall burn with fire.

YLT: and ye do not leave of it till morning, and that which is remaining of it till morning with fire ye do burn.

Exposition: Exodus 12:10 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And ye shall let nothing of it remain until the morning; and that which remaineth of it until the morning ye shall burn with fire.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:11

Hebrew

וְכָכָה תֹּאכְלוּ אֹתוֹ מָתְנֵיכֶם חֲגֻרִים נֽ͏ַעֲלֵיכֶם בְּרַגְלֵיכֶם וּמַקֶּלְכֶם בְּיֶדְכֶם וַאֲכַלְתֶּם אֹתוֹ בְּחִפָּזוֹן פֶּסַח הוּא לַיהוָֽה׃

vekhakhah-to'khelv-'otvo-mateneykhem-chaguriym-na'aleykhem-verageleykhem-vmaqelekhem-veyedekhem-va'akhaletem-'otvo-vechifazvon-fesach-hv'-layhvah

KJV: And thus shall ye eat it; with your loins girded, your shoes on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and ye shall eat it in haste: it is the LORD’S passover.

AKJV: And thus shall you eat it; with your loins girded, your shoes on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and you shall eat it in haste: it is the LORD’s passover.

ASV: And thus shall ye eat it: with your loins girded, your shoes on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and ye shall eat it in haste: it is Jehovah’s passover.

YLT: `And thus ye do eat it: your loins girded, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand, and ye have eaten it in haste; it is Jehovah's passover,

Exposition: Exodus 12:11 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And thus shall ye eat it; with your loins girded, your shoes on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and ye shall eat it in haste: it is the LORD’S passover.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:12

Hebrew

וְעָבַרְתִּי בְאֶֽרֶץ־מִצְרַיִם בַּלַּיְלָה הַזֶּה וְהִכֵּיתִי כָל־בְּכוֹר בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם מֵאָדָם וְעַד־בְּהֵמָה וּבְכָל־אֱלֹהֵי מִצְרַיִם אֶֽעֱשֶׂה שְׁפָטִים אֲנִי יְהוָֽה׃

ve'avaretiy-ve'eretz-mitzerayim-valayelah-hazeh-vehikheytiy-khal-vekhvor-ve'eretz-mitzerayim-me'adam-ve'ad-vehemah-vvekhal-'elohey-mitzerayim-'e'esheh-shefatiym-'aniy-yehvah

KJV: For I will pass through the land of Egypt this night, and will smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment: I am the LORD.

AKJV: For I will pass through the land of Egypt this night, and will smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment: I am the LORD.

ASV: For I will go through the land of Egypt in that night, and will smite all the first-born in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments: I am Jehovah.

YLT: and I have passed over through the land of Egypt during this night, and have smitten every first-born in the land of Egypt, from man even unto beast, and on all the gods of Egypt I do judgments; I am Jehovah.

Exposition: Exodus 12:12 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'For I will pass through the land of Egypt this night, and will smite all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and against all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgment: I am the LORD.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:13

Hebrew

וְהָיָה הַדָּם לָכֶם לְאֹת עַל הַבָּתִּים אֲשֶׁר אַתֶּם שָׁם וְרָאִיתִי אֶת־הַדָּם וּפָסַחְתִּי עֲלֵכֶם וְלֹֽא־יִֽהְיֶה בָכֶם נֶגֶף לְמַשְׁחִית בְּהַכֹּתִי בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃

vehayah-hadam-lakhem-le'ot-'al-havatiym-'asher-'atem-sham-vera'iytiy-'et-hadam-vfasachetiy-'alekhem-velo'-yiheyeh-vakhem-negef-lemashechiyt-vehakhotiy-ve'eretz-mitzerayim

KJV: And the blood shall be to you for a token upon the houses where ye are: and when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and the plague shall not be upon you to destroy you, when I smite the land of Egypt.

AKJV: And the blood shall be to you for a token on the houses where you are: and when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and the plague shall not be on you to destroy you, when I smite the land of Egypt.

ASV: And the blood shall be to you for a token upon the houses where ye are: and when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and there shall no plague be upon you to destroy you, when I smite the land of Egypt.

YLT: `And the blood hath become a sign for you on the houses where ye are , and I have seen the blood, and have passed over you, and a plague is not on you for destruction in My smiting in the land of Egypt.

Exposition: Exodus 12:13 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And the blood shall be to you for a token upon the houses where ye are: and when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and the plague shall not be upon you to destroy you, when I smite the land of Egypt.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:14

Hebrew

וְהָיָה הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה לָכֶם לְזִכָּרוֹן וְחַגֹּתֶם אֹתוֹ חַג לַֽיהוָה לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶם חֻקַּת עוֹלָם תְּחָגֻּֽהוּ׃

vehayah-hayvom-hazeh-lakhem-lezikharvon-vechagotem-'otvo-chag-layhvah-ledoroteykhem-chuqat-'volam-techaguhv

KJV: And this day shall be unto you for a memorial; and ye shall keep it a feast to the LORD throughout your generations; ye shall keep it a feast by an ordinance for ever.

AKJV: And this day shall be to you for a memorial; and you shall keep it a feast to the LORD throughout your generations; you shall keep it a feast by an ordinance for ever.

ASV: And this day shall be unto you for a memorial, and ye shall keep it a feast to Jehovah: throughout your generations ye shall keep it a feast by an ordinance for ever.

YLT: `And this day hath become to you a memorial, and ye have kept it a feast to Jehovah to your generations; --a statute age-during; ye keep it a feast.

Exposition: Exodus 12:14 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And this day shall be unto you for a memorial; and ye shall keep it a feast to the LORD throughout your generations; ye shall keep it a feast by an ordinance for ever.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:15

Hebrew

שִׁבְעַת יָמִים מַצּוֹת תֹּאכֵלוּ אַךְ בַּיּוֹם הָרִאשׁוֹן תַּשְׁבִּיתוּ שְּׂאֹר מִבָּתֵּיכֶם כִּי ׀ כָּל־אֹכֵל חָמֵץ וְנִכְרְתָה הַנֶּפֶשׁ הַהִוא מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל מִיּוֹם הָרִאשֹׁן עַד־יוֹם הַשְּׁבִעִֽי׃

shive'at-yamiym-matzvot-to'khelv-'akhe-vayvom-hari'shvon-tasheviytv-she'or-mivateykhem-khiy- -khal-'okhel-chametz-venikheretah-hanefesh-hahiv'-miyishera'el-miyvom-hari'shon-'ad-yvom-hashevi'iy

KJV: Seven days shall ye eat unleavened bread; even the first day ye shall put away leaven out of your houses: for whosoever eateth leavened bread from the first day until the seventh day, that soul shall be cut off from Israel.

AKJV: Seven days shall you eat unleavened bread; even the first day you shall put away leaven out of your houses: for whoever eats leavened bread from the first day until the seventh day, that soul shall be cut off from Israel.

ASV: Seven days shall ye eat unleavened bread; even the first day ye shall put away leaven out of your houses: for whosoever eateth leavened bread from the first day until the seventh day, that soul shall be cut off from Israel.

YLT: Seven days ye eat unleavened things; only--in the first day ye cause leaven to cease out of your houses; for any one eating anything fermented from the first day till the seventh day, even that person hath been cut off from Israel.

Exposition: Exodus 12:15 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'Seven days shall ye eat unleavened bread; even the first day ye shall put away leaven out of your houses: for whosoever eateth leavened bread from the first day until the seventh day, that soul shall be cut off from Israel.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:16

Hebrew

וּבַיּוֹם הָרִאשׁוֹן מִקְרָא־קֹדֶשׁ וּבַיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי מִקְרָא־קֹדֶשׁ יִהְיֶה לָכֶם כָּל־מְלָאכָה לֹא־יֵעָשֶׂה בָהֶם אַךְ אֲשֶׁר יֵאָכֵל לְכָל־נֶפֶשׁ הוּא לְבַדּוֹ יֵעָשֶׂה לָכֶֽם׃

vvayvom-hari'shvon-miqera'-qodesh-vvayvom-hasheviy'iy-miqera'-qodesh-yiheyeh-lakhem-khal-mela'khah-lo'-ye'asheh-vahem-'akhe-'asher-ye'akhel-lekhal-nefesh-hv'-levadvo-ye'asheh-lakhem

KJV: And in the first day there shall be an holy convocation, and in the seventh day there shall be an holy convocation to you; no manner of work shall be done in them, save that which every man must eat, that only may be done of you.

AKJV: And in the first day there shall be an holy convocation, and in the seventh day there shall be an holy convocation to you; no manner of work shall be done in them, save that which every man must eat, that only may be done of you.

ASV: And in the first day there shall be to you a holy convocation, and in the seventh day a holy convocation; no manner of work shall be done in them, save that which every man must eat, that only may be done by you.

YLT: `And in the first day is a holy convocation, and in the seventh day ye have a holy convocation; any work is not done in them, only that which is eaten by any person--it alone is done by you,

Exposition: Exodus 12:16 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And in the first day there shall be an holy convocation, and in the seventh day there shall be an holy convocation to you; no manner of work shall be done in them, save that which every man must eat, that only may be done of you.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:17

Hebrew

וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם אֶת־הַמַּצּוֹת כִּי בְּעֶצֶם הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה הוֹצֵאתִי אֶת־צִבְאוֹתֵיכֶם מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם אֶת־הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶם חֻקַּת עוֹלָֽם׃

vshemaretem-'et-hamatzvot-khiy-ve'etzem-hayvom-hazeh-hvotze'tiy-'et-tzive'voteykhem-me'eretz-mitzerayim-vshemaretem-'et-hayvom-hazeh-ledoroteykhem-chuqat-'volam

KJV: And ye shall observe the feast of unleavened bread; for in this selfsame day have I brought your armies out of the land of Egypt: therefore shall ye observe this day in your generations by an ordinance for ever.

AKJV: And you shall observe the feast of unleavened bread; for in this selfsame day have I brought your armies out of the land of Egypt: therefore shall you observe this day in your generations by an ordinance for ever. ¶

ASV: And ye shall observe the feast of unleavened bread; for in this selfsame day have I brought your hosts out of the land of Egypt: therefore shall ye observe this day throughout your generations by an ordinance for ever.

YLT: and ye have observed the unleavened things, for in this self-same day I have brought out your hosts from the land of Egypt, and ye have observed this day to your generations--a statute age-during.

Exposition: Exodus 12:17 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And ye shall observe the feast of unleavened bread; for in this selfsame day have I brought your armies out of the land of Egypt: therefore shall ye observe this day in your generations by an ordinance for ever.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:18

Hebrew

בָּרִאשֹׁן בְּאַרְבָּעָה עָשָׂר יוֹם לַחֹדֶשׁ בָּעֶרֶב תֹּאכְלוּ מַצֹּת עַד יוֹם הָאֶחָד וְעֶשְׂרִים לַחֹדֶשׁ בָּעָֽרֶב׃

vari'shon-ve'areva'ah-'ashar-yvom-lachodesh-va'erev-to'khelv-matzot-'ad-yvom-ha'echad-ve'esheriym-lachodesh-va'arev

KJV: In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at even, ye shall eat unleavened bread, until the one and twentieth day of the month at even.

AKJV: In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at even, you shall eat unleavened bread, until the one and twentieth day of the month at even.

ASV: In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at even, ye shall eat unleavened bread, until the one and twentieth day of the month at even.

YLT: `In the first month , in the fourteenth day of the month, in the evening, ye do eat unleavened things until the one and twentieth day of the month, at evening;

Exposition: Exodus 12:18 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at even, ye shall eat unleavened bread, until the one and twentieth day of the month at even.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:19

Hebrew

שִׁבְעַת יָמִים שְׂאֹר לֹא יִמָּצֵא בְּבָתֵּיכֶם כִּי ׀ כָּל־אֹכֵל מַחְמֶצֶת וְנִכְרְתָה הַנֶּפֶשׁ הַהִוא מֵעֲדַת יִשְׂרָאֵל בַּגֵּר וּבְאֶזְרַח הָאָֽרֶץ׃

shive'at-yamiym-she'or-lo'-yimatze'-vevateykhem-khiy- -khal-'okhel-machemetzet-venikheretah-hanefesh-hahiv'-me'adat-yishera'el-vager-vve'ezerach-ha'aretz

KJV: Seven days shall there be no leaven found in your houses: for whosoever eateth that which is leavened, even that soul shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he be a stranger, or born in the land.

AKJV: Seven days shall there be no leaven found in your houses: for whoever eats that which is leavened, even that soul shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he be a stranger, or born in the land.

ASV: Seven days shall there be no leaven found in your houses: for whosoever eateth that which is leavened, that soul shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he be a sojourner, or one that is born in the land.

YLT: seven days leaven is not found in your houses, for any one eating anything fermented--that person hath been cut off from the company of Israel, among the sojourners or among the natives of the land;

Exposition: Exodus 12:19 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'Seven days shall there be no leaven found in your houses: for whosoever eateth that which is leavened, even that soul shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he be a stranger, or born in the land.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:20

Hebrew

כָּל־מַחְמֶצֶת לֹא תֹאכֵלוּ בְּכֹל מוֹשְׁבֹתֵיכֶם תֹּאכְלוּ מַצּֽוֹת׃

khal-machemetzet-lo'-to'khelv-vekhol-mvoshevoteykhem-to'khelv-matzvot

KJV: Ye shall eat nothing leavened; in all your habitations shall ye eat unleavened bread.

AKJV: You shall eat nothing leavened; in all your habitations shall you eat unleavened bread. ¶

ASV: Ye shall eat nothing leavened; in all your habitations shall ye eat unleavened bread.

YLT: anything fermented ye do not eat, in all your dwellings ye do eat unleavened things.'

Exposition: Exodus 12:20 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'Ye shall eat nothing leavened; in all your habitations shall ye eat unleavened bread.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:21

Hebrew

וַיִּקְרָא מֹשֶׁה לְכָל־זִקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיֹּאמֶר אֲלֵהֶם מִֽשְׁכוּ וּקְחוּ לָכֶם צֹאן לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתֵיכֶם וְשַׁחֲטוּ הַפָּֽסַח׃

vayiqera'-mosheh-lekhal-ziqeney-yishera'el-vayo'mer-'alehem-mishekhv-vqechv-lakhem-tzo'n-lemishefechoteykhem-veshachatv-hafasach

KJV: Then Moses called for all the elders of Israel, and said unto them, Draw out and take you a lamb according to your families, and kill the passover.

AKJV: Then Moses called for all the elders of Israel, and said to them, Draw out and take you a lamb according to your families, and kill the passover.

ASV: Then Moses called for all the elders of Israel, and said unto them, Draw out, and take you lambs according to your families, and kill the passover.

YLT: And Moses calleth for all the elders of Israel, and saith unto them, `Draw out and take for yourselves from the flock, for your families, and slaughter the passover-sacrifice;

Exposition: Exodus 12:21 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'Then Moses called for all the elders of Israel, and said unto them, Draw out and take you a lamb according to your families, and kill the passover.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:22

Hebrew

וּלְקַחְתֶּם אֲגֻדַּת אֵזוֹב וּטְבַלְתֶּם בַּדָּם אֲשֶׁר־בַּסַּף וְהִגַּעְתֶּם אֶל־הַמַּשְׁקוֹף וְאֶל־שְׁתֵּי הַמְּזוּזֹת מִן־הַדָּם אֲשֶׁר בַּסָּף וְאַתֶּם לֹא תֵצְאוּ אִישׁ מִפֶּֽתַח־בֵּיתוֹ עַד־בֹּֽקֶר׃

vleqachetem-'agudat-'ezvov-vtevaletem-vadam-'asher-vasaf-vehiga'etem-'el-hamasheqvof-ve'el-shetey-hamezvzot-min-hadam-'asher-vasaf-ve'atem-lo'-tetze'v-'iysh-mifetach-veytvo-'ad-voqer

KJV: And ye shall take a bunch of hyssop, and dip it in the blood that is in the bason, and strike the lintel and the two side posts with the blood that is in the bason; and none of you shall go out at the door of his house until the morning.

AKJV: And you shall take a bunch of hyssop, and dip it in the blood that is in the basin, and strike the lintel and the two side posts with the blood that is in the basin; and none of you shall go out at the door of his house until the morning.

ASV: And ye shall take a bunch of hyssop, and dip it in the blood that is in the basin, and strike the lintel and the two side-posts with the blood that is in the basin; and none of you shall go out of the door of his house until the morning.

YLT: and ye have taken a bunch of hyssop, and have dipped it in the blood which is in the basin, and have struck it on the lintel, and on the two side-posts, from the blood which is in the basin, and ye, ye go not out each from the opening of his house till morning.

Exposition: Exodus 12:22 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And ye shall take a bunch of hyssop, and dip it in the blood that is in the bason, and strike the lintel and the two side posts with the blood that is in the bason; and none of you shall go out at the door of his house until the morning.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:23

Hebrew

וְעָבַר יְהוָה לִנְגֹּף אֶת־מִצְרַיִם וְרָאָה אֶת־הַדָּם עַל־הַמַּשְׁקוֹף וְעַל שְׁתֵּי הַמְּזוּזֹת וּפָסַח יְהוָה עַל־הַפֶּתַח וְלֹא יִתֵּן הַמַּשְׁחִית לָבֹא אֶל־בָּתֵּיכֶם לִנְגֹּֽף׃

ve'avar-yehvah-linegof-'et-mitzerayim-vera'ah-'et-hadam-'al-hamasheqvof-ve'al-shetey-hamezvzot-vfasach-yehvah-'al-hafetach-velo'-yiten-hamashechiyt-lavo'-'el-vateykhem-linegof

KJV: For the LORD will pass through to smite the Egyptians; and when he seeth the blood upon the lintel, and on the two side posts, the LORD will pass over the door, and will not suffer the destroyer to come in unto your houses to smite you.

AKJV: For the LORD will pass through to smite the Egyptians; and when he sees the blood on the lintel, and on the two side posts, the LORD will pass over the door, and will not suffer the destroyer to come in to your houses to smite you.

ASV: For Jehovah will pass through to smite the Egyptians; and when he seeth the blood upon the lintel, and on the two side-posts, Jehovah will pass over the door, and will not suffer the destroyer to come in unto your houses to smite you.

YLT: `And Jehovah hath passed on to smite the Egyptians, and hath seen the blood on the lintel, and on the two side-posts, and Jehovah hath passed over the opening, and doth not permit the destruction to come into your houses to smite.

Exposition: Exodus 12:23 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'For the LORD will pass through to smite the Egyptians; and when he seeth the blood upon the lintel, and on the two side posts, the LORD will pass over the door, and will not suffer the destroyer to come in unto your houses to smite you.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:24

Hebrew

וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם אֶת־הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה לְחָק־לְךָ וּלְבָנֶיךָ עַד־עוֹלָֽם׃

vshemaretem-'et-hadavar-hazeh-lechaq-lekha-vlevaneykha-'ad-'volam

KJV: And ye shall observe this thing for an ordinance to thee and to thy sons for ever.

AKJV: And you shall observe this thing for an ordinance to you and to your sons for ever.

ASV: And ye shall observe this thing for an ordinance to thee and to thy sons for ever.

YLT: `And ye have observed this thing, for a statute to thee, and to thy sons--unto the age;

Exposition: Exodus 12:24 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And ye shall observe this thing for an ordinance to thee and to thy sons for ever.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:25

Hebrew

וְהָיָה כִּֽי־תָבֹאוּ אֶל־הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר יִתֵּן יְהוָה לָכֶם כַּאֲשֶׁר דִּבֵּר וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם אֶת־הָעֲבֹדָה הַזֹּֽאת׃

vehayah-khiy-tavo'v-'el-ha'aretz-'asher-yiten-yehvah-lakhem-kha'asher-diver-vshemaretem-'et-ha'avodah-hazo't

KJV: And it shall come to pass, when ye be come to the land which the LORD will give you, according as he hath promised, that ye shall keep this service.

AKJV: And it shall come to pass, when you be come to the land which the LORD will give you, according as he has promised, that you shall keep this service.

ASV: And it shall come to pass, when ye are come to the land which Jehovah will give you, according as he hath promised, that ye shall keep this service.

YLT: and it hath been, when ye come in unto the land which Jehovah giveth to you, as He hath spoken, that ye have kept this service;

Exposition: Exodus 12:25 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And it shall come to pass, when ye be come to the land which the LORD will give you, according as he hath promised, that ye shall keep this service.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:26

Hebrew

וְהָיָה כִּֽי־יֹאמְרוּ אֲלֵיכֶם בְּנֵיכֶם מָה הָעֲבֹדָה הַזֹּאת לָכֶֽם׃

vehayah-khiy-yo'merv-'aleykhem-veneykhem-mah-ha'avodah-hazo't-lakhem

KJV: And it shall come to pass, when your children shall say unto you, What mean ye by this service?

AKJV: And it shall come to pass, when your children shall say to you, What mean you by this service?

ASV: And it shall come to pass, when your children shall say unto you, What mean ye by this service?

YLT: and it hath come to pass when your sons say unto you, What is this service ye have?

Exposition: Exodus 12:26 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And it shall come to pass, when your children shall say unto you, What mean ye by this service?'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:27

Hebrew

וַאֲמַרְתֶּם זֶֽבַח־פֶּסַח הוּא לַֽיהוָה אֲשֶׁר פָּסַח עַל־בָּתֵּי בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּמִצְרַיִם בְּנָגְפּוֹ אֶת־מִצְרַיִם וְאֶת־בָּתֵּינוּ הִצִּיל וַיִּקֹּד הָעָם וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲוּֽוּ׃

va'amaretem-zevach-fesach-hv'-layhvah-'asher-fasach-'al-vatey-veney-yishera'el-vemitzerayim-venagefvo-'et-mitzerayim-ve'et-vateynv-hitziyl-vayiqod-ha'am-vayishetachavv

KJV: That ye shall say, It is the sacrifice of the LORD’S passover, who passed over the houses of the children of Israel in Egypt, when he smote the Egyptians, and delivered our houses. And the people bowed the head and worshipped.

AKJV: That you shall say, It is the sacrifice of the LORD’s passover, who passed over the houses of the children of Israel in Egypt, when he smote the Egyptians, and delivered our houses. And the people bowed the head and worshipped.

ASV: that ye shall say, It is the sacrifice of Jehovah’s passover, who passed over the houses of the children of Israel in Egypt, when he smote the Egyptians, and delivered our houses. And the people bowed the head and worshipped.

YLT: that ye have said, A sacrifice of passover it is to Jehovah, who passed over the houses of the sons of Israel in Egypt, in His smiting the Egyptians, and our houses He delivered.'

Exposition: Exodus 12:27 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'That ye shall say, It is the sacrifice of the LORD’S passover, who passed over the houses of the children of Israel in Egypt, when he smote the Egyptians, and delivered our houses. And the people bowed the head and worshipped.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:28

Hebrew

וַיֵּלְכוּ וַֽיַּעֲשׂוּ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהוָה אֶת־מֹשֶׁה וְאַהֲרֹן כֵּן עָשֽׂוּ׃

vayelekhv-vaya'ashv-veney-yishera'el-kha'asher-tzivah-yehvah-'et-mosheh-ve'aharon-khen-'ashv

KJV: And the children of Israel went away, and did as the LORD had commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.

AKJV: And the children of Israel went away, and did as the LORD had commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they. ¶

ASV: And the children of Israel went and did so; as Jehovah had commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.

YLT: And the people bow and do obeisance, and the sons of Israel go and do as Jehovah commanded Moses and Aaron; so have they done.

Exposition: Exodus 12:28 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And the children of Israel went away, and did as the LORD had commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:29

Hebrew

וַיְהִי ׀ בַּחֲצִי הַלַּיְלָה וַֽיהוָה הִכָּה כָל־בְּכוֹר בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם מִבְּכֹר פַּרְעֹה הַיֹּשֵׁב עַל־כִּסְאוֹ עַד בְּכוֹר הַשְּׁבִי אֲשֶׁר בְּבֵית הַבּוֹר וְכֹל בְּכוֹר בְּהֵמָֽה׃

vayehiy- -vachatziy-halayelah-vayhvah-hikhah-khal-vekhvor-ve'eretz-mitzerayim-mivekhor-fare'oh-hayoshev-'al-khise'vo-'ad-vekhvor-hasheviy-'asher-veveyt-havvor-vekhol-vekhvor-vehemah

KJV: And it came to pass, that at midnight the LORD smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sat on his throne unto the firstborn of the captive that was in the dungeon; and all the firstborn of cattle.

AKJV: And it came to pass, that at midnight the LORD smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sat on his throne to the firstborn of the captive that was in the dungeon; and all the firstborn of cattle.

ASV: And it came to pass at midnight, that Jehovah smote all the first-born in the land of Egypt, from the first-born of Pharaoh that sat on his throne unto the first-born of the captive that was in the dungeon; and all the first-born of cattle.

YLT: And it cometh to pass, at midnight, that Jehovah hath smitten every first-born in the land of Egypt, from the first-born of Pharaoh who is sitting on his throne, unto the first-born of the captive who is in the prison-house, and every first-born of beasts.

Exposition: Exodus 12:29 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And it came to pass, that at midnight the LORD smote all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh that sat on his throne unto the firstborn of the captive that was in the dungeon; and all the firstborn of cattle.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:30

Hebrew

וַיָּקָם פַּרְעֹה לַיְלָה הוּא וְכָל־עֲבָדָיו וְכָל־מִצְרַיִם וַתְּהִי צְעָקָה גְדֹלָה בְּמִצְרָיִם כִּֽי־אֵין בַּיִת אֲשֶׁר אֵֽין־שָׁם מֵֽת׃

vayaqam-fare'oh-layelah-hv'-vekhal-'avadayv-vekhal-mitzerayim-vatehiy-tze'aqah-gedolah-vemitzerayim-khiy-'eyn-vayit-'asher-'eyn-sham-met

KJV: And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry in Egypt; for there was not a house where there was not one dead.

AKJV: And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry in Egypt; for there was not a house where there was not one dead. ¶

ASV: And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry in Egypt; for there was not a house where there was not one dead.

YLT: And Pharaoh riseth by night, he and all his servants, and all the Egyptians, and there is a great cry in Egypt, for there is not a house where there is not one dead,

Exposition: Exodus 12:30 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Egyptians; and there was a great cry in Egypt; for there was not a house where there was not one dead.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:31

Hebrew

וַיִּקְרָא לְמֹשֶׁה וּֽלְאַהֲרֹן לַיְלָה וַיֹּאמֶר קוּמוּ צְּאוּ מִתּוֹךְ עַמִּי גַּם־אַתֶּם גַּם־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וּלְכוּ עִבְדוּ אֶת־יְהוָה כְּדַבֶּרְכֶֽם׃

vayiqera'-lemosheh-vle'aharon-layelah-vayo'mer-qvmv-tze'v-mitvokhe-'amiy-gam-'atem-gam-veney-yishera'el-vlekhv-'ivedv-'et-yehvah-khedaverekhem

KJV: And he called for Moses and Aaron by night, and said, Rise up, and get you forth from among my people, both ye and the children of Israel; and go, serve the LORD, as ye have said.

AKJV: And he called for Moses and Aaron by night, and said, Rise up, and get you forth from among my people, both you and the children of Israel; and go, serve the LORD, as you have said.

ASV: And he called for Moses and Aaron by night, and said, Rise up, get you forth from among my people, both ye and the children of Israel; and go, serve Jehovah, as ye have said.

YLT: and he calleth for Moses and for Aaron by night, and saith, `Rise, go out from the midst of my people, both ye and the sons of Israel, and go, serve Jehovah according to your word;

Exposition: Exodus 12:31 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And he called for Moses and Aaron by night, and said, Rise up, and get you forth from among my people, both ye and the children of Israel; and go, serve the LORD, as ye have said.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:32

Hebrew

גַּם־צֹאנְכֶם גַּם־בְּקַרְכֶם קְחוּ כַּאֲשֶׁר דִּבַּרְתֶּם וָלֵכוּ וּבֵֽרַכְתֶּם גַּם־אֹתִֽי׃

gam-tzo'nekhem-gam-veqarekhem-qechv-kha'asher-divaretem-valekhv-vverakhetem-gam-'otiy

KJV: Also take your flocks and your herds, as ye have said, and be gone; and bless me also.

AKJV: Also take your flocks and your herds, as you have said, and be gone; and bless me also.

ASV: Take both your flocks and your herds, as ye have said, and be gone; and bless me also.

YLT: both your flock and your herd take ye, as ye have spoken, and go; then ye have blessed also me.'

Exposition: Exodus 12:32 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'Also take your flocks and your herds, as ye have said, and be gone; and bless me also.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:33

Hebrew

וַתֶּחֱזַק מִצְרַיִם עַל־הָעָם לְמַהֵר לְשַׁלְּחָם מִן־הָאָרֶץ כִּי אָמְרוּ כֻּלָּנוּ מֵתִֽים׃

vatechezaq-mitzerayim-'al-ha'am-lemaher-leshalecham-min-ha'aretz-khiy-'amerv-khulanv-metiym

KJV: And the Egyptians were urgent upon the people, that they might send them out of the land in haste; for they said, We be all dead men.

AKJV: And the Egyptians were urgent on the people, that they might send them out of the land in haste; for they said, We be all dead men.

ASV: And the Egyptians were urgent upon the people, to send them out of the land in haste; for they said, We are all dead men.

YLT: And the Egyptians are urgent on the people, hasting to send them away out of the land, for they said, `We are all dead;'

Exposition: Exodus 12:33 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And the Egyptians were urgent upon the people, that they might send them out of the land in haste; for they said, We be all dead men.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:34

Hebrew

וַיִּשָּׂא הָעָם אֶת־בְּצֵקוֹ טֶרֶם יֶחְמָץ מִשְׁאֲרֹתָם צְרֻרֹת בְּשִׂמְלֹתָם עַל־שִׁכְמָֽם׃

vayisha'-ha'am-'et-vetzeqvo-terem-yechematz-mishe'arotam-tzerurot-veshimelotam-'al-shikhemam

KJV: And the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneadingtroughs being bound up in their clothes upon their shoulders.

AKJV: And the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneading troughs being bound up in their clothes on their shoulders.

ASV: And the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneading-troughs being bound up in their clothes upon their shoulders.

YLT: and the people taketh up its dough before it is fermented, their kneading-troughs are bound up in their garments on their shoulder.

Exposition: Exodus 12:34 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneadingtroughs being bound up in their clothes upon their shoulders.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:35

Hebrew

וּבְנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵל עָשׂוּ כִּדְבַר מֹשֶׁה וַֽיִּשְׁאֲלוּ מִמִּצְרַיִם כְּלֵי־כֶסֶף וּכְלֵי זָהָב וּשְׂמָלֹֽת׃

vveney-yishera'el-'ashv-khidevar-mosheh-vayishe'alv-mimitzerayim-kheley-khesef-vkheley-zahav-vshemalot

KJV: And the children of Israel did according to the word of Moses; and they borrowed of the Egyptians jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment:

AKJV: And the children of Israel did according to the word of Moses; and they borrowed of the Egyptians jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment:

ASV: And the children of Israel did according to the word of Moses; and they asked of the Egyptians jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment:

YLT: And the sons of Israel have done according to the word of Moses, and they ask from the Egyptians vessels of silver and vessels of gold, and garments;

Exposition: Exodus 12:35 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And the children of Israel did according to the word of Moses; and they borrowed of the Egyptians jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and raiment:'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:36

Hebrew

וַֽיהוָה נָתַן אֶת־חֵן הָעָם בְּעֵינֵי מִצְרַיִם וַיַּשְׁאִלוּם וַֽיְנַצְּלוּ אֶת־מִצְרָֽיִם׃

vayhvah-natan-'et-chen-ha'am-ve'eyney-mitzerayim-vayashe'ilvm-vayenatzelv-'et-mitzerayim

KJV: And the LORD gave the people favour in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they lent unto them such things as they required. And they spoiled the Egyptians.

AKJV: And the LORD gave the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they lent to them such things as they required. And they spoiled the Egyptians. ¶

ASV: and Jehovah gave the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they let them have what they asked. And they despoiled the Egyptians.

YLT: and Jehovah hath given the grace of the people in the eyes of the Egyptians, and they cause them to ask, and they spoil the Egyptians.

Exposition: Exodus 12:36 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And the LORD gave the people favour in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they lent unto them such things as they required. And they spoiled the Egyptians.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:37

Hebrew

וַיִּסְעוּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵרַעְמְסֵס סֻכֹּתָה כְּשֵׁשׁ־מֵאוֹת אֶלֶף רַגְלִי הַגְּבָרִים לְבַד מִטָּֽף׃

vayise'v-veney-yishera'el-mera'emeses-sukhotah-kheshesh-me'vot-'elef-rageliy-hagevariym-levad-mitaf

KJV: And the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot that were men, beside children.

AKJV: And the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot that were men, beside children.

ASV: And the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot that were men, besides children.

YLT: And the sons of Israel journey from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand men on foot, apart from infants;

Exposition: Exodus 12:37 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot that were men, beside children.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:38

Hebrew

וְגַם־עֵרֶב רַב עָלָה אִתָּם וְצֹאן וּבָקָר מִקְנֶה כָּבֵד מְאֹֽד׃

vegam-'erev-rav-'alah-'itam-vetzo'n-vvaqar-miqeneh-khaved-me'od

KJV: And a mixed multitude went up also with them; and flocks, and herds, even very much cattle.

AKJV: And a mixed multitude went up also with them; and flocks, and herds, even very much cattle.

ASV: And a mixed multitude went up also with them; and flocks, and herds, even very much cattle.

YLT: and a great rabble also hath gone up with them, and flock and herd--very much cattle.

Exposition: Exodus 12:38 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And a mixed multitude went up also with them; and flocks, and herds, even very much cattle.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:39

Hebrew

וַיֹּאפוּ אֶת־הַבָּצֵק אֲשֶׁר הוֹצִיאוּ מִמִּצְרַיִם עֻגֹת מַצּוֹת כִּי לֹא חָמֵץ כִּֽי־גֹרְשׁוּ מִמִּצְרַיִם וְלֹא יָֽכְלוּ לְהִתְמַהְמֵהַּ וְגַם־צֵדָה לֹא־עָשׂוּ לָהֶֽם׃

vayo'fv-'et-havatzeq-'asher-hvotziy'v-mimitzerayim-'ugot-matzvot-khiy-lo'-chametz-khiy-goreshv-mimitzerayim-velo'-yakhelv-lehitemahemeha-vegam-tzedah-lo'-'ashv-lahem

KJV: And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt, for it was not leavened; because they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victual.

AKJV: And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt, for it was not leavened; because they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victual. ¶

ASV: And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt; for it was not leavened, because they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victuals.

YLT: And they bake with the dough which they have brought out from Egypt unleavened cakes, for it hath not fermented; for they have been cast out of Egypt, and have not been able to delay, and also provision they have not made for themselves.

Exposition: Exodus 12:39 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Egypt, for it was not leavened; because they were thrust out of Egypt, and could not tarry, neither had they prepared for themselves any victual.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:40

Hebrew

וּמוֹשַׁב בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲשֶׁר יָשְׁבוּ בְּמִצְרָיִם שְׁלֹשִׁים שָׁנָה וְאַרְבַּע מֵאוֹת שָׁנָֽה׃

vmvoshav-veney-yishera'el-'asher-yashevv-vemitzerayim-sheloshiym-shanah-ve'areva'-me'vot-shanah

KJV: Now the sojourning of the children of Israel, who dwelt in Egypt, was four hundred and thirty years.

AKJV: Now the sojourning of the children of Israel, who dwelled in Egypt, was four hundred and thirty years.

ASV: Now the time that the children of Israel dwelt in Egypt was four hundred and thirty years.

YLT: And the dwelling of the sons of Israel which they have dwelt in Egypt is four hundred and thirty years;

Exposition: Exodus 12:40 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'Now the sojourning of the children of Israel, who dwelt in Egypt, was four hundred and thirty years.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:41

Hebrew

וַיְהִי מִקֵּץ שְׁלֹשִׁים שָׁנָה וְאַרְבַּע מֵאוֹת שָׁנָה וַיְהִי בְּעֶצֶם הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה יָֽצְאוּ כָּל־צִבְאוֹת יְהוָה מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃

vayehiy-miqetz-sheloshiym-shanah-ve'areva'-me'vot-shanah-vayehiy-ve'etzem-hayvom-hazeh-yatze'v-khal-tzive'vot-yehvah-me'eretz-mitzerayim

KJV: And it came to pass at the end of the four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the hosts of the LORD went out from the land of Egypt.

AKJV: And it came to pass at the end of the four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the hosts of the LORD went out from the land of Egypt.

ASV: And it came to pass at the end of four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the hosts of Jehovah went out from the land of Egypt.

YLT: and it cometh to pass, at the end of four hundred and thirty years--yea, it cometh to pass in this self-same day--all the hosts of Jehovah have gone out from the land of Egypt.

Exposition: Exodus 12:41 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And it came to pass at the end of the four hundred and thirty years, even the selfsame day it came to pass, that all the hosts of the LORD went out from the land of Egypt.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:42

Hebrew

לֵיל שִׁמֻּרִים הוּא לַֽיהוָה לְהוֹצִיאָם מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם הֽוּא־הַלַּיְלָה הַזֶּה לַֽיהוָה שִׁמֻּרִים לְכָל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לְדֹרֹתָֽם׃

leyl-shimuriym-hv'-layhvah-lehvotziy'am-me'eretz-mitzerayim-hv'-halayelah-hazeh-layhvah-shimuriym-lekhal-veney-yishera'el-ledorotam

KJV: It is a night to be much observed unto the LORD for bringing them out from the land of Egypt: this is that night of the LORD to be observed of all the children of Israel in their generations.

AKJV: It is a night to be much observed to the LORD for bringing them out from the land of Egypt: this is that night of the LORD to be observed of all the children of Israel in their generations. ¶

ASV: It is a night to be much observed unto Jehovah for bringing them out from the land of Egypt: this is that night of Jehovah, to be much observed of all the children of Israel throughout their generations.

YLT: A night of watchings it is to Jehovah, to bring them out from the land of Egypt; it is this night to Jehovah of watchings to all the sons of Israel to their generations.

Exposition: Exodus 12:42 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'It is a night to be much observed unto the LORD for bringing them out from the land of Egypt: this is that night of the LORD to be observed of all the children of Israel in their generations.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:43

Hebrew

וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה וְאַהֲרֹן זֹאת חֻקַּת הַפָּסַח כָּל־בֶּן־נֵכָר לֹא־יֹאכַל בּֽוֹ׃

vayo'mer-yehvah-'el-mosheh-ve'aharon-zo't-chuqat-hafasach-khal-ven-nekhar-lo'-yo'khal-vvo

KJV: And the LORD said unto Moses and Aaron, This is the ordinance of the passover: There shall no stranger eat thereof:

AKJV: And the LORD said to Moses and Aaron, This is the ordinance of the passover: There shall no stranger eat thereof:

ASV: And Jehovah said unto Moses and Aaron, This is the ordinance of the passover: there shall no foreigner eat thereof;

YLT: And Jehovah saith unto Moses and Aaron, `This is a statute of the passover; Any son of a stranger doth not eat of it;

Exposition: Exodus 12:43 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And the LORD said unto Moses and Aaron, This is the ordinance of the passover: There shall no stranger eat thereof:'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:44

Hebrew

וְכָל־עֶבֶד אִישׁ מִקְנַת־כָּסֶף וּמַלְתָּה אֹתוֹ אָז יֹאכַל בּֽוֹ׃

vekhal-'eved-'iysh-miqenat-khasef-vmaletah-'otvo-'az-yo'khal-vvo

KJV: But every man’s servant that is bought for money, when thou hast circumcised him, then shall he eat thereof.

AKJV: But every man’s servant that is bought for money, when you have circumcised him, then shall he eat thereof.

ASV: but every man’s servant that is bought for money, when thou hast circumcised him, then shall he eat thereof.

YLT: and any man's servant, the purchase of money, when thou hast circumcised him--then he doth eat of it;

Exposition: Exodus 12:44 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'But every man’s servant that is bought for money, when thou hast circumcised him, then shall he eat thereof.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:45

Hebrew

תּוֹשָׁב וְשָׂכִיר לֹא־יֹאכַל־בּֽוֹ׃

tvoshav-veshakhiyr-lo'-yo'khal-vvo

KJV: A foreigner and an hired servant shall not eat thereof.

AKJV: A foreigner and an hired servant shall not eat thereof.

ASV: A sojourner and a hired servant shall not eat thereof.

YLT: a settler or hired servant doth not eat of it;

Exposition: Exodus 12:45 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'A foreigner and an hired servant shall not eat thereof.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:46

Hebrew

בְּבַיִת אֶחָד יֵאָכֵל לֹא־תוֹצִיא מִן־הַבַּיִת מִן־הַבָּשָׂר חוּצָה וְעֶצֶם לֹא תִשְׁבְּרוּ־בֽוֹ׃

vevayit-'echad-ye'akhel-lo'-tvotziy'-min-havayit-min-havashar-chvtzah-ve'etzem-lo'-tisheverv-vvo

KJV: In one house shall it be eaten; thou shalt not carry forth ought of the flesh abroad out of the house; neither shall ye break a bone thereof.

AKJV: In one house shall it be eaten; you shall not carry forth any of the flesh abroad out of the house; neither shall you break a bone thereof.

ASV: In one house shall it be eaten; thou shalt not carry forth aught of the flesh abroad out of the house; neither shall ye break a bone thereof.

YLT: in one house it is eaten, thou dost not carry out of the house any of the flesh without, and a bone ye do not break of it;

Exposition: Exodus 12:46 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'In one house shall it be eaten; thou shalt not carry forth ought of the flesh abroad out of the house; neither shall ye break a bone thereof.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:47

Hebrew

כָּל־עֲדַת יִשְׂרָאֵל יַעֲשׂוּ אֹתֽוֹ׃

khal-'adat-yishera'el-ya'ashv-'otvo

KJV: All the congregation of Israel shall keep it.

AKJV: All the congregation of Israel shall keep it.

ASV: All the congregation of Israel shall keep it.

YLT: all the company of Israel do keep it.

Exposition: Exodus 12:47 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'All the congregation of Israel shall keep it.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:48

Hebrew

וְכִֽי־יָגוּר אִתְּךָ גֵּר וְעָשָׂה פֶסַח לַיהוָה הִמּוֹל לוֹ כָל־זָכָר וְאָז יִקְרַב לַעֲשֹׂתוֹ וְהָיָה כְּאֶזְרַח הָאָרֶץ וְכָל־עָרֵל לֹֽא־יֹאכַל בּֽוֹ׃

vekhiy-yagvr-'itekha-ger-ve'ashah-fesach-layhvah-himvol-lvo-khal-zakhar-ve'az-yiqerav-la'ashotvo-vehayah-khe'ezerach-ha'aretz-vekhal-'arel-lo'-yo'khal-vvo

KJV: And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the passover to the LORD, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one that is born in the land: for no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof.

AKJV: And when a stranger shall sojourn with you, and will keep the passover to the LORD, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one that is born in the land: for no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof.

ASV: And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the passover to Jehovah, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one that is born in the land: but no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof.

YLT: `And when a sojourner sojourneth with thee, and hath made a passover to Jehovah, every male of his is to be circumcised, and then he doth come near to keep it, and he hath been as a native of the land, but any uncircumcised one doth not eat of it;

Exposition: Exodus 12:48 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the passover to the LORD, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one that is born in the land: for no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:49

Hebrew

תּוֹרָה אַחַת יִהְיֶה לָֽאֶזְרָח וְלַגֵּר הַגָּר בְּתוֹכְכֶֽם׃

tvorah-'achat-yiheyeh-la'ezerach-velager-hagar-vetvokhekhem

KJV: One law shall be to him that is homeborn, and unto the stranger that sojourneth among you.

AKJV: One law shall be to him that is home born, and to the stranger that sojourns among you.

ASV: One law shall be to him that is home-born, and unto the stranger that sojourneth among you.

YLT: one law is to a native, and to a sojourner who is sojourning in your midst.'

Exposition: Exodus 12:49 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'One law shall be to him that is homeborn, and unto the stranger that sojourneth among you.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:50

Hebrew

וַיּֽ͏ַעֲשׂוּ כָּל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהוָה אֶת־מֹשֶׁה וְאֶֽת־אַהֲרֹן כֵּן עָשֽׂוּ׃

vaya'ashv-khal-veney-yishera'el-kha'asher-tzivah-yehvah-'et-mosheh-ve'et-'aharon-khen-'ashv

KJV: Thus did all the children of Israel; as the LORD commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.

AKJV: Thus did all the children of Israel; as the LORD commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.

ASV: Thus did all the children of Israel; as Jehovah commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.

YLT: And all the sons of Israel do as Jehovah commanded Moses and Aaron; so have they done.

Exposition: Exodus 12:50 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'Thus did all the children of Israel; as the LORD commanded Moses and Aaron, so did they.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.

Exodus 12:51

Hebrew

וַיְהִי בְּעֶצֶם הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה הוֹצִיא יְהוָה אֶת־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם עַל־צִבְאֹתָֽם׃

vayehiy-ve'etzem-hayvom-hazeh-hvotziy'-yehvah-'et-veney-yishera'el-me'eretz-mitzerayim-'al-tzive'otam

KJV: And it came to pass the selfsame day, that the LORD did bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their armies.

AKJV: And it came to pass the selfsame day, that the LORD did bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their armies.

ASV: And it came to pass the selfsame day, that Jehovah did bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their hosts.

YLT: And it cometh to pass in this self-same day, Jehovah hath brought out the sons of Israel from the land of Egypt, by their hosts.

Exposition: Exodus 12:51 advances the chapter's central argument around Passover substitution, covenant deliverance, and redemptive memorial theology. In KJV wording, the verse states: 'And it came to pass the selfsame day, that the LORD did bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their armies.'. Read in immediate context and canonical flow, the verse contributes to a coherent redemptive pattern rather than an isolated doctrinal fragment.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: Apologetically, this verse supports a cumulative-case method: textual stability, historical continuity, and explanatory power within a unified biblical worldview are assessed together for strongest evidential force.

• Hebrew Grammar: A focused Hebrew analysis should track lexical range, syntax, and discourse role in context; this constrains speculative readings and preserves authorial intent at both sentence and chapter level.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse has been interpreted within the continuous manuscript and confessional tradition of the church, where early reception and cross-textual usage support stable meaning across transmission history.