Apologetics Bible
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Ezekiel prophesied c. 593-571 BC among the exiles in Babylon. His visions of God's throne-chariot (merkavah), the valley of dry bones, and the eschatological Temple make him the most visually arresting of the major prophets.
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Connected primary witness
- Connected ID:
Ezekiel_2
- Primary Witness Text: And he said unto me, Son of man, stand upon thy feet, and I will speak unto thee. And the spirit entered into me when he spake unto me, and set me upon my feet, that I heard him that spake unto me. And he said unto me, Son of man, I send thee to the children of Israel, to a rebellious nation that hath rebelled against me: they and their fathers have transgressed against me, even unto this very day. For they are impudent children and stiffhearted. I do send thee unto them; and thou shalt say unto them, Thus saith the Lord GOD. And they, whether they will hear, or whether they will forbear, (for they are a rebellious house,) yet shall know that there hath been a prophet among them. And thou, son of man, be not afraid of them, neither be afraid of their words, though briers and thorns be with thee, and thou dost dwell among scorpions: be not afraid of their words, nor be dismayed at their looks, though they be a rebellious house. And thou shalt speak my words unto them, whether they will hear, or whether they will forbear: for they are most rebellious. But thou, son of man, hear what I say unto thee; Be not thou rebellious like that rebellious house: open thy mouth, and eat that I give thee. And when I looked, behold, an hand was sent unto me; and, lo, a roll of a book was therein; And he spread it before me; and it was written within and without: and there was written therein lamentations, and mourning, and woe.
Connected dataset overlay
- Connected ID:
Ezekiel_2
- Chapter Blob Preview: And he said unto me, Son of man, stand upon thy feet, and I will speak unto thee. And the spirit entered into me when he spake unto me, and set me upon my feet, that I heard him that spake unto me. And he said unto me, Son of man, I send thee to the children of Israel, to a rebellious nation that hath rebelled against me: they and their fathers have transgressed against me, eve...
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Chapter frame
Ezekiel prophesied c. 593-571 BC among the exiles in Babylon. His visions of God's throne-chariot (merkavah), the valley of dry bones, and the eschatological Temple make him the most visually arresting of the major prophets.
Ezekiel 36:26-27 ("I will give you a new heart") is the OT's clearest anticipation of regeneration — the divine replacement of a heart of stone with one of flesh, and the indwelling Spirit producing covenantal obedience. Jesus references this prophecy when rebuking Nicodemus for not understanding the new birth (John 3:10).
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Ezekiel 2:1
Hebrew
וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלָי בֶּן־אָדָם עֲמֹד עַל־רַגְלֶיךָ וַאֲדַבֵּר אֹתָֽךְ׃vayo'mer-'elay-ven-'adam-'amod-'al-rageleykha-va'adaver-'otakhe
KJV: And he said unto me, Son of man, stand upon thy feet, and I will speak unto thee.
AKJV: And he said to me, Son of man, stand on your feet, and I will speak to you.
ASV: And he said unto me, Son of man, stand upon thy feet, and I will speak with thee.
YLT: It is the appearance of the likeness of the honour of Jehovah, and I see, and fall on my face, and I hear a voice speaking, and He saith unto me, `Son of man, stand on thy feet, and I speak with thee.'
Exposition: Ezekiel 2:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he said unto me, Son of man, stand upon thy feet, and I will speak unto thee.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Ezekiel 2:2
Hebrew
וַתָּבֹא בִי רוּחַ כַּֽאֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר אֵלַי וַתַּעֲמִדֵנִי עַל־רַגְלָי וָאֶשְׁמַע אֵת מִדַּבֵּר אֵלָֽי׃vatavo'-viy-rvcha-kha'asher-diver-'elay-vata'amideniy-'al-ragelay-va'eshema'-'et-midaver-'elay
KJV: And the spirit entered into me when he spake unto me, and set me upon my feet, that I heard him that spake unto me.
AKJV: And the spirit entered into me when he spoke to me, and set me on my feet, that I heard him that spoke to me.
ASV: And the Spirit entered into me when he spake unto me, and set me upon my feet; and I heard him that spake unto me.
YLT: And there doth come into me a spirit, when He hath spoken unto me, and it causeth me to stand on my feet, and I hear Him who is speaking unto me.
Commentary WitnessEzekiel 2:2Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Ezekiel 2:2
Verse 2 And the spirit entered into me - This spirit was different to that mentioned above, by which the wheels, etc., were moved. The spirit of prophecy is here intended; whose office was not merely to enable him to foresee and foretell future events, but to purify and refine his heart, and qualify him to be a successful preacher of the word of life. He who is sent by the God of all grace to convert sinners must be influenced by the Holy Ghost; otherwise he can neither be saved himself, nor become the instrument of salvation to others. And set me upon my feet - That he might stand as a servant before his master, to receive his orders.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Ezekiel 2:2
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Holy Ghost
Exposition: Ezekiel 2:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the spirit entered into me when he spake unto me, and set me upon my feet, that I heard him that spake unto me.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Ezekiel 2:3
Hebrew
וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלַי בֶּן־אָדָם שׁוֹלֵחַ אֲנִי אֽוֹתְךָ אֶל־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶל־גּוֹיִם הַמּוֹרְדִים אֲשֶׁר מָרְדוּ־בִי הֵמָּה וַאֲבוֹתָם פָּשְׁעוּ בִי עַד־עֶצֶם הַיּוֹם הַזֶּֽה׃vayo'mer-'elay-ven-'adam-shvolecha-'aniy-'votekha-'el-veney-yishera'el-'el-gvoyim-hamvorediym-'asher-maredv-viy-hemah-va'avvotam-fashe'v-viy-'ad-'etzem-hayvom-hazeh
KJV: And he said unto me, Son of man, I send thee to the children of Israel, to a rebellious nation that hath rebelled against me: they and their fathers have transgressed against me, even unto this very day.
AKJV: And he said to me, Son of man, I send you to the children of Israel, to a rebellious nation that has rebelled against me: they and their fathers have transgressed against me, even to this very day.
ASV: And he said unto me, Son of man, I send thee to the children of Israel, to nations that are rebellious, which have rebelled against me: they and their fathers have transgressed against me even unto this very day.
YLT: And He saith unto Me, `Son of man, I am sending thee unto the sons of Israel, unto nations who are rebels, who have rebelled against Me; they and their fathers have transgressed against Me, unto this self-same day.
Commentary WitnessEzekiel 2:3Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Ezekiel 2:3
Verse 3 Son of man - This appellative, so often mentioned in this book, seems to have been given first to this prophet; afterwards to Daniel; and after that to the Man Christ Jesus. Perhaps it was given to the two former to remind them of their frailty, and that they should not be exalted in their own minds by the extraordinary revelations granted to them; and that they should feel themselves of the same nature with those to whom they were sent; and, from the common principle of humanity, deeply interest themselves in the welfare of their unhappy countrymen. To the latter it might have been appropriated merely to show that though all his actions demonstrated him to be God, yet that he was also really Man; and that in the man Christ Jesus dwelt all the fullness of the Godhead bodily. When the acts of Christ are considered, it is more easy to believe his eternal Godhead, than to be convinced that the person we hear speaking, and see working, is also a man like unto ourselves. I send thee to the children of Israel - To those who were now in captivity, in Chaldea particularly; and to the Jews in general, both far and near.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Ezekiel 2:3
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Jesus
- Daniel
- Man Christ Jesus
- Man
- Godhead
Exposition: Ezekiel 2:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he said unto me, Son of man, I send thee to the children of Israel, to a rebellious nation that hath rebelled against me: they and their fathers have transgressed against me, even unto this very day.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Ezekiel 2:4
Hebrew
וְהַבָּנִים קְשֵׁי פָנִים וְחִזְקֵי־לֵב אֲנִי שׁוֹלֵחַ אוֹתְךָ אֲלֵיהֶם וְאָמַרְתָּ אֲלֵיהֶם כֹּה אָמַר אֲדֹנָי יְהֹוִֽה׃vehavaniym-qeshey-faniym-vechizeqey-lev-'aniy-shvolecha-'votekha-'aleyhem-ve'amareta-'aleyhem-khoh-'amar-'adonay-yehovih
KJV: For they are impudent children and stiffhearted. I do send thee unto them; and thou shalt say unto them, Thus saith the Lord GOD.
AKJV: For they are impudent children and stiff hearted. I do send you to them; and you shall say to them, Thus says the Lord GOD.
ASV: And the children are impudent and stiffhearted: I do send thee unto them; and thou shalt say unto them, Thus saith the Lord Jehovah.
YLT: And the sons are brazen-faced and hard-hearted to whom I am sending thee, and thou hast said unto them: Thus said the Lord Jehovah:
Commentary WitnessEzekiel 2:4Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Ezekiel 2:4
Verse 4 Thou shalt say unto them, Thus saith the Lord - Let them know that what thou hast to declare is the message of the Lord, that they may receive it with reverence. Every preacher of God's word should take heed that it is God's message he delivers to the people. Let him not suppose, because it is according to his own creed or confession of faith, that therefore it is God's word. False doctrines and fallacies without end are foisted on the world in this way. Bring the creed first to the Word of God, and scrupulously try whether it be right; and when this is done, leave it where you please; take the Bible, and warn them from God's word recorded there.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Ezekiel 2:4
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Lord
- Bible
Exposition: Ezekiel 2:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For they are impudent children and stiffhearted. I do send thee unto them; and thou shalt say unto them, Thus saith the Lord GOD.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Ezekiel 2:5
Hebrew
וְהֵמָּה אִם־יִשְׁמְעוּ וְאִם־יֶחְדָּלוּ כִּי בֵּית מְרִי הֵמָּה וְיָדְעוּ כִּי נָבִיא הָיָה בְתוֹכָֽם׃vehemah-'im-yisheme'v-ve'im-yechedalv-khiy-veyt-meriy-hemah-veyade'v-khiy-naviy'-hayah-vetvokham
KJV: And they, whether they will hear, or whether they will forbear, (for they are a rebellious house,) yet shall know that there hath been a prophet among them.
AKJV: And they, whether they will hear, or whether they will forbear, (for they are a rebellious house,) yet shall know that there has been a prophet among them. ¶
ASV: And they, whether they will hear, or whether they will forbear (for they are a rebellious house), yet shall know that there hath been a prophet among them.
YLT: and they--whether they hear, or whether they forbear, for a rebellious house they are --have known that a prophet hath been in their midst.
Commentary WitnessEzekiel 2:5Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Ezekiel 2:5
Verse 5 Yet shall know that there hath been a prophet among them - By this they shall be assured of two things: 1. That God in his mercy had given them due warning. 2. That themselves were inexcusable, for not taking it.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Ezekiel 2:5
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Ezekiel 2:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they, whether they will hear, or whether they will forbear, (for they are a rebellious house,) yet shall know that there hath been a prophet among them.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Ezekiel 2:6
Hebrew
וְאַתָּה בֶן־אָדָם אַל־תִּירָא מֵהֶם וּמִדִּבְרֵיהֶם אַל־תִּירָא כִּי סָרָבִים וְסַלּוֹנִים אוֹתָךְ וְאֶל־עַקְרַבִּים אַתָּה יוֹשֵׁב מִדִּבְרֵיהֶם אַל־תִּירָא וּמִפְּנֵיהֶם אַל־תֵּחָת כִּי בֵּית מְרִי הֵֽמָּה׃ve'atah-ven-'adam-'al-tiyra'-mehem-vmidivereyhem-'al-tiyra'-khiy-saraviym-vesalvoniym-'votakhe-ve'el-'aqeraviym-'atah-yvoshev-midivereyhem-'al-tiyra'-vmifeneyhem-'al-techat-khiy-veyt-meriy-hemah
KJV: And thou, son of man, be not afraid of them, neither be afraid of their words, though briers and thorns be with thee, and thou dost dwell among scorpions: be not afraid of their words, nor be dismayed at their looks, though they be a rebellious house.
AKJV: And you, son of man, be not afraid of them, neither be afraid of their words, though briers and thorns be with you, and you do dwell among scorpions: be not afraid of their words, nor be dismayed at their looks, though they be a rebellious house.
ASV: And thou, son of man, be not afraid of them, neither be afraid of their words, though briers and thorns are with thee, and thou dost dwell among scorpions: be not afraid of their words, nor be dismayed at their looks, though they are a rebellious house.
YLT: `And thou, son of man, thou art not afraid of them, yea, of their words thou art not afraid, for briers and thorns are with thee, and near scorpions thou art dwelling, of their words thou art not afraid, and of their faces thou art not affrighted, for they are a rebellious house,
Commentary WitnessEzekiel 2:6Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Ezekiel 2:6
Verse 6 Be not afraid of them - They will maltreat thee for thy message; but let not the apprehension of this induce thee to suppress it. Though they be rebels, fear them not; I will sustain and preserve thee.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Ezekiel 2:6
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Ezekiel 2:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And thou, son of man, be not afraid of them, neither be afraid of their words, though briers and thorns be with thee, and thou dost dwell among scorpions: be not afraid of their words, nor be dismayed at their looks,...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Ezekiel 2:7
Hebrew
וְדִבַּרְתָּ אֶת־דְּבָרַי אֲלֵיהֶם אִֽם־יִשְׁמְעוּ וְאִם־יֶחְדָּלוּ כִּי מְרִי הֵֽמָּה׃vedivareta-'et-devaray-'aleyhem-'im-yisheme'v-ve'im-yechedalv-khiy-meriy-hemah
KJV: And thou shalt speak my words unto them, whether they will hear, or whether they will forbear: for they are most rebellious.
AKJV: And you shall speak my words to them, whether they will hear, or whether they will forbear: for they are most rebellious.
ASV: And thou shalt speak my words unto them, whether they will hear, or whether they will forbear; for they are most rebellious.
YLT: And thou hast spoken My words unto them, whether they hear or whether they forbear, for they are rebellious.
Commentary WitnessEzekiel 2:7Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Ezekiel 2:7
Verse 7 Whether they will hear - Whether they receive the message, or persecute thee for it, declare it to them, that they may be without excuse.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Ezekiel 2:7
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Ezekiel 2:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And thou shalt speak my words unto them, whether they will hear, or whether they will forbear: for they are most rebellious.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Ezekiel 2:8
Hebrew
וְאַתָּה בֶן־אָדָם שְׁמַע אֵת אֲשֶׁר־אֲנִי מְדַבֵּר אֵלֶיךָ אַל־תְּהִי־מֶרִי כְּבֵית הַמֶּרִי פְּצֵה פִיךָ וֶאֱכֹל אֵת אֲשֶׁר־אֲנִי נֹתֵן אֵלֶֽיךָ׃ve'atah-ven-'adam-shema'-'et-'asher-'aniy-medaver-'eleykha-'al-tehiy-meriy-kheveyt-hameriy-fetzeh-fiykha-ve'ekhol-'et-'asher-'aniy-noten-'eleykha
KJV: But thou, son of man, hear what I say unto thee; Be not thou rebellious like that rebellious house: open thy mouth, and eat that I give thee.
AKJV: But you, son of man, hear what I say to you; Be not you rebellious like that rebellious house: open your mouth, and eat that I give you. ¶
ASV: But thou, son of man, hear what I say unto thee; be not thou rebellious like that rebellious house: open thy mouth, and eat that which I give thee.
YLT: `And thou, son of man, hear that which I am speaking unto thee: Thou art not rebellious like the rebellious house, open thy mouth, and eat that which I am giving unto thee.'
Commentary WitnessEzekiel 2:8Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Ezekiel 2:8
Verse 8 Open thy mouth and eat that I give thee - Take my word as thou wouldst take thy proper food; receive it into thy heart; ponder it there, that it may be the means of strengthening and preserving thy soul, as proper nourishment will strengthen the body, and preserve from death. And the people to whom such messages of God may come should so hear it read, mark, learn, and inwardly digest it, that it may become efficient nourishment to their souls.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Ezekiel 2:8
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Ezekiel 2:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But thou, son of man, hear what I say unto thee; Be not thou rebellious like that rebellious house: open thy mouth, and eat that I give thee.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Ezekiel 2:9
Hebrew
וָאֶרְאֶה וְהִנֵּה־יָד שְׁלוּחָה אֵלָי וְהִנֵּה־בוֹ מְגִלַּת־סֵֽפֶר׃va'ere'eh-vehineh-yad-shelvchah-'elay-vehineh-vvo-megilat-sefer
KJV: And when I looked, behold, an hand was sent unto me; and, lo, a roll of a book was therein;
AKJV: And when I looked, behold, an hand was sent to me; and, see, a roll of a book was therein;
ASV: And when I looked, behold, a hand was put forth unto me; and, lo, a roll of a book was therein;
YLT: And I look, and lo, a hand is sent forth unto me, and lo, in it a roll of a book,
Commentary WitnessEzekiel 2:9Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Ezekiel 2:9
Verse 9 A hand was sent - Here the hand signifies not only the instrument of conveyance, but an emblem of the Divine power, which the hand of God always signifies. A roll of a book - מגלת שפר megillath sepher. All ancient books were written so as to be rolled up; hence volumen, a volume, from volvo, I roll.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Ezekiel 2:9
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Ezekiel 2:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when I looked, behold, an hand was sent unto me; and, lo, a roll of a book was therein;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Ezekiel 2:10
Hebrew
וַיִּפְרֹשׂ אוֹתָהּ לְפָנַי וְהִיא כְתוּבָה פָּנִים וְאָחוֹר וְכָתוּב אֵלֶיהָ קִנִים וָהֶגֶה וָהִֽי׃vayiferosh-'votah-lefanay-vehiy'-khetvvah-faniym-ve'achvor-vekhatvv-'eleyha-qiniym-vahegeh-vahiy
KJV: And he spread it before me; and it was written within and without: and there was written therein lamentations, and mourning, and woe.
AKJV: And he spread it before me; and it was written within and without: and there was written therein lamentations, and mourning, and woe.
ASV: and he spread it before me: and it was written within and without; and there were written therein lamentations, and mourning, and woe.
YLT: and He spreadeth it before me, and it is written in front and behind, and written on it are lamentations, and mourning, and woe!
Commentary WitnessEzekiel 2:10Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Ezekiel 2:10
Verse 10 It was written within and without - Contrary to the state of rolls in general, which are written on the inside only. The Hebrew rolls are generally written in this way. There are several of such Hebrew rolls before me, all written on the inside only, consisting of skins of vellum, or parchment, or basil, a sort of half-tanned sheep or goat skin, sewed together, extending to several yards in length. Other Asiatic books were written in the same way. A Sanscrit roll of sixty feet in length, also before me, is written all on the inside; and a Koran, written in exceedingly small characters, about two inches broad and twelve feet long, and weighing but about half an ounce. But the roll presented to the prophet was written on both sides, because the prophecy was long, and to the same effect; that they might see the mind of God wherever they looked. There was written therein lamentations, and mourning, and wo - What an awful assemblage! קינים והגה והי kinim, vahegeh, vehi, lamentations, and a groan, and alas! Lamentations on all hands; a groan from the dying; and alas, or Wo is me! from the survivors. It was the letter that killeth, and is the ministration of death. What a mercy to have that which is emphatically called Το Ευαγγελιον, The glad tidings, the good news! Christ Jesus is come into the world to save sinners; and he wills that all men should be saved and come to the knowledge of the truth. Here are rejoicings, thanksgivings, and exultation.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Ezekiel 2:10
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Jesus
- Koran
Exposition: Ezekiel 2:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he spread it before me; and it was written within and without: and there was written therein lamentations, and mourning, and woe.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Citation trailOpen the commentary counts, references, and named sources.
Scholarly apparatus
Commentary citation index
This chapter now surfaces commentary as quoted witness material with an explicit citation trail. The index below gathers the canonical references and named authorities detected inside the commentary layer for faster academic review.
Direct commentary witnesses
10
Generated editorial witnesses
0
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Canonical references surfaced in commentary
- Eze 2:1
- Eze 2:2
- Eze 2:3-5
- Eze 2:6-8
- Eze 2:9
- Eze 2:10
- Eze 1:28
- Ezekiel 2:1
- Ezekiel 2:2
- Ezekiel 2:3
- Ezekiel 2:4
- Ezekiel 2:5
- Ezekiel 2:6
- Ezekiel 2:7
- Ezekiel 2:8
- Ezekiel 2:9
- Ezekiel 2:10
Named authorities or texts surfaced in commentary
- Lord
- Holy Ghost
- Jesus
- Daniel
- Man Christ Jesus
- Man
- Godhead
- Bible
- Koran
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Commentary Witness
Ezekiel 2:1
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Ezekiel 2:1
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness