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Apologetics Bible

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Apologetics exposition helps trace how passages function in canonical argument, what doctrinal claims they touch, and how themes connect across the 66 books.

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Genesis 1:1 · Old Testament
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Published chapter Reader summary first Genesis live Chapter 34 of 50 31 verse waypoints 31 commentary witnesses

Holy Scripture opened

Genesis 34 — Genesis 34

Connected primary witness
  • Connected ID: Genesis_34
  • Primary Witness Text: And Dinah the daughter of Leah, which she bare unto Jacob, went out to see the daughters of the land. And when Shechem the son of Hamor the Hivite, prince of the country, saw her, he took her, and lay with her, and defiled her. And his soul clave unto Dinah the daughter of Jacob, and he loved the damsel, and spake kindly unto the damsel. And Shechem spake unto his father Hamor, saying, Get me this damsel to wife. And Jacob heard that he had defiled Dinah his daughter: now his sons were with his cattle in the field: and Jacob held his peace until they were come. And Hamor the father of Shechem went out unto Jacob to commune with him. And the sons of Jacob came out of the field when they heard it: and the men were grieved, and they were very wroth, because he had wrought folly in Israel in lying with Jacob’s daughter; which thing ought not to be done. And Hamor communed with them, saying, The soul of my son Shechem longeth for your daughter: I pray you give her him to wife. And make ye marriages with us, and give your daughters unto us, and take our daughters unto you. And ye shall dwell with us: and the land shall be before you; dwell and trade ye therein, and get you possessions therein. And Shechem said unto her father and unto her brethren, Let me find grace in your eyes, and what ye shall say unto me I will give. Ask me never so much dowry and gift, and I will give according as ye shall say unto me: but give me the damsel to wife. And the sons of Jacob answered Shechem and...

Connected dataset overlay
  • Connected ID: Genesis_34
  • Chapter Blob Preview: And Dinah the daughter of Leah, which she bare unto Jacob, went out to see the daughters of the land. And when Shechem the son of Hamor the Hivite, prince of the country, saw her, he took her, and lay with her, and defiled her. And his soul clave unto Dinah the daughter of Jacob, and he loved the damsel, and spake kindly unto the damsel. And Shechem spake unto his father Hamor,...

Chapter frameStart here before opening notes.

Chapter frame

The Hebrew title בְּרֵאשִׁית (B'reishit — "In the beginning") identifies Genesis as the Ur-document of all biblical revelation. Moses compiled and wrote Genesis under divine inspiration (affirmed by Jesus in John 5:46; Luke 24:27), drawing on earlier written and oral sources (toledot records).

Genesis addresses the deepest human questions: Origin, Identity, Fall, and Hope. Its apologetics force lies in presenting monotheistic creation, human dignity, the origin of evil, and the first redemptive promise (3:15) — each revolutionary in its ancient Near Eastern context where polytheism, fatalism, and cyclical time dominated all rival cosmologies.


Verse-by-verse study laneOpen only when you are ready for notes and witnesses.

Verse-by-verse study lane

Genesis 34:1

Hebrew
וַתֵּצֵא דִינָה בַּת־לֵאָה אֲשֶׁר יָלְדָה לְיַעֲקֹב לִרְאוֹת בִּבְנוֹת הָאָֽרֶץ׃

vatetze'-diynah-vat-le'ah-'asher-yaledah-leya'aqov-lire'vot-vivenvot-ha'aretz

KJV: And Dinah the daughter of Leah, which she bare unto Jacob, went out to see the daughters of the land.

AKJV: And Dinah the daughter of Leah, which she bore to Jacob, went out to see the daughters of the land.

ASV: And Dinah the daughter of Leah, whom she bare unto Jacob, went out to see the daughters of the land.

YLT: And Dinah, daughter of Leah, whom she hath borne to Jacob, goeth out to look on the daughters of the land,

Commentary WitnessGenesis 34:1
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Genesis 34:1

Quoted commentary witness

Dinah, the daughter of Jacob and Leah, going out to see the daughters of the land, is ravished by Shechem, the son of Hamor, Gen 34:1, Gen 34:2. He entreats his father to get her for him to wife, Gen 34:3. Jacob and his sons hear of the indignity offered to Dinah, Gen 34:5-7. Hamor proposes the suit of Shechem to Jacob and his sons, and offers them a variety of advantages, Gen 34:8-10. Shechem himself comes forward, begs to have Dinah to wife, and offers dowry to any extent, Gen 34:11, Gen 34:12. The sons of Jacob pretend scruples of conscience to give their sister to one who was uncircumcised; and require, as a condition of this marriage, and of intermarriages in general, that all the Shechemites should be circumcised, Gen 34:13-17. Hamor and Shechem consent, Gen 34:18, Gen 34:19. They lay the business before the elders of their city, dwell on the advantages of a connection with Jacob and his family, and propose to them the condition required by the sons of Jacob, Gen 34:20-23. The elders consent, and all the males are circumcised, Gen 34:24. While the Shechemites are incapable of defending themselves, on the third day after their circumcision, Simeon and Levi, the brothers of Dinah, came upon the city, slew all the males, sacked the city, took the women and children captives, and seized on all the cattle belonging to the Shechemites, Gen 34:25-29. Jacob is greatly displeased and alarmed at this treachery and cruelty of his sons, and lays before them the probable consequences, Gen 34:30. They endeavor to vindicate their conduct, Gen 34:31. Verse 1 And Dinah - went out to see the daughters of the land - It is supposed that Jacob had been now about seven or eight years in the land, and that Dinah, who was about seven years of age when Jacob came to Canaan, was now about fourteen or fifteen. Why or on what occasion she went out we know not, but the reason given by Josephus is very probable, viz., that it was on one of their festivals.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:1

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Gen 34:1
  • Gen 34:2
  • Gen 34:3
  • Gen 34:5-7
  • Gen 34:8-10
  • Gen 34:11
  • Gen 34:12
  • Gen 34:13-17
  • Gen 34:18
  • Gen 34:19
  • Gen 34:20-23
  • Gen 34:24
  • Gen 34:25-29
  • Gen 34:30
  • Gen 34:31

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Josephus
  • Dinah
  • Leah
  • Shechem
  • Hamor
  • Jacob
  • Levi
  • Shechemites
  • Canaan

Exposition: Genesis 34:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Dinah the daughter of Leah, which she bare unto Jacob, went out to see the daughters of the land.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:2

Hebrew
וַיַּרְא אֹתָהּ שְׁכֶם בֶּן־חֲמוֹר הֽ͏ַחִוִּי נְשִׂיא הָאָרֶץ וַיִּקַּח אֹתָהּ וַיִּשְׁכַּב אֹתָהּ וַיְעַנֶּֽהָ׃

vayare'-'otah-shekhem-ven-chamvor-hachiviy-neshiy'-ha'aretz-vayiqach-'otah-vayishekhav-'otah-vaye'aneha

KJV: And when Shechem the son of Hamor the Hivite, prince of the country, saw her, he took her, and lay with her, and defiled her.

AKJV: And when Shechem the son of Hamor the Hivite, prince of the country, saw her, he took her, and lay with her, and defiled her.

ASV: And Shechem the son of Hamor the Hivite, the prince of the land, saw her; and he took her, and lay with her, and humbled her.

YLT: and Shechem, son of Hamor the Hivite, a prince of the land, seeth her, and taketh her, and lieth with her, and humbleth her;

Commentary WitnessGenesis 34:2
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Genesis 34:2

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 2 Prince of the country - i.e., Hamor was prince; Shechem was the son of the prince or chief. Our version appears to represent Shechem as prince, but his father was the chief of the country. See Gen 34:6, Gen 34:8, etc.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:2

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Gen 34:6
  • Gen 34:8

Exposition: Genesis 34:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when Shechem the son of Hamor the Hivite, prince of the country, saw her, he took her, and lay with her, and defiled her.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:3

Hebrew
וַתִּדְבַּק נַפְשׁוֹ בְּדִינָה בַּֽת־יַעֲקֹב וַיֶּֽאֱהַב אֶת־הַֽנַּעֲרָ וַיְדַבֵּר עַל־לֵב הַֽנַּעֲרָֽ׃

vatidevaq-nafeshvo-vediynah-vat-ya'aqov-vaye'ehav-'et-hana'ara-vayedaver-'al-lev-hana'ara

KJV: And his soul clave unto Dinah the daughter of Jacob, and he loved the damsel, and spake kindly unto the damsel.

AKJV: And his soul joined to Dinah the daughter of Jacob, and he loved the damsel, and spoke kindly to the damsel.

ASV: And his soul clave unto Dinah the daughter of Jacob, and he loved the damsel, and spake kindly unto the damsel.

YLT: and his soul cleaveth to Dinah, daughter of Jacob, and he loveth the young person, and speaketh unto the heart of the young person.

Commentary WitnessGenesis 34:3
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Genesis 34:3

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 3 Spake kindly unto the damsel - Literally, he spake to the heart of the damsel - endeavored to gain her affections, and to reconcile her to her disgrace. It appears sufficiently evident from this and the preceding verse that there had been no consent on the part of Dinah, that the whole was an act of violence, and that she was now detained by force in the house of Shechem. Here she was found when Simeon and Levi sacked the city, Gen 34:26.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:3

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Gen 34:26

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Literally
  • Dinah
  • Shechem

Exposition: Genesis 34:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And his soul clave unto Dinah the daughter of Jacob, and he loved the damsel, and spake kindly unto the damsel.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:4

Hebrew
וַיֹּאמֶר שְׁכֶם אֶל־חֲמוֹר אָבִיו לֵאמֹר קַֽח־לִי אֶת־הַיַּלְדָּה הַזֹּאת לְאִשָּֽׁה׃

vayo'mer-shekhem-'el-chamvor-'aviyv-le'mor-qach-liy-'et-hayaledah-hazo't-le'ishah

KJV: And Shechem spake unto his father Hamor, saying, Get me this damsel to wife.

AKJV: And Shechem spoke to his father Hamor, saying, Get me this damsel to wife.

ASV: And Shechem spake unto his father Hamor, saying, Get me this damsel to wife.

YLT: And Shechem speaketh unto Hamor his father, saying, ‘Take for me this damsel for a wife.’

Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 34:4
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Genesis 34:4

Generated editorial synthesis

Genesis 34:4 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And Shechem spake unto his father Hamor, saying, Get me this damsel to wife.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:4

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Genesis 34:4

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Hamor

Exposition: Genesis 34:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Shechem spake unto his father Hamor, saying, Get me this damsel to wife.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:5

Hebrew
וְיַעֲקֹב שָׁמַע כִּי טִמֵּא אֶת־דִּינָה בִתּוֹ וּבָנָיו הָיוּ אֶת־מִקְנֵהוּ בַּשָּׂדֶה וְהֶחֱרִשׁ יַעֲקֹב עַד־בֹּאָֽם׃

veya'aqov-shama'-khiy-time'-'et-diynah-vitvo-vvanayv-hayv-'et-miqenehv-vashadeh-vehecherish-ya'aqov-'ad-vo'am

KJV: And Jacob heard that he had defiled Dinah his daughter: now his sons were with his cattle in the field: and Jacob held his peace until they were come.

AKJV: And Jacob heard that he had defiled Dinah his daughter: now his sons were with his cattle in the field: and Jacob held his peace until they were come. ¶

ASV: Now Jacob heard that he had defiled Dinah his daughter; and his sons were with his cattle in the field: and Jacob held his peace until they came.

YLT: And Jacob hath heard that he hath defiled Dinah his daughter, and his sons were with his cattle in the field, and Jacob kept silent till their coming.

Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 34:5
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Genesis 34:5

Generated editorial synthesis

Genesis 34:5 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And Jacob heard that he had defiled Dinah his daughter: now his sons were with his cattle in the field: and Jacob held his peace until they were come.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:5

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Genesis 34:5

Exposition: Genesis 34:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Jacob heard that he had defiled Dinah his daughter: now his sons were with his cattle in the field: and Jacob held his peace until they were come.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:6

Hebrew
וַיֵּצֵא חֲמוֹר אֲבִֽי־שְׁכֶם אֶֽל־יַעֲקֹב לְדַבֵּר אִתּֽוֹ׃

vayetze'-chamvor-'aviy-shekhem-'el-ya'aqov-ledaver-'itvo

KJV: And Hamor the father of Shechem went out unto Jacob to commune with him.

AKJV: And Hamor the father of Shechem went out to Jacob to commune with him.

ASV: And Hamor the father of Shechem went out unto Jacob to commune with him.

YLT: And Hamor, father of Shechem, goeth out unto Jacob to speak with him;

Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 34:6
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Genesis 34:6

Generated editorial synthesis

Genesis 34:6 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And Hamor the father of Shechem went out unto Jacob to commune with him.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:6

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Genesis 34:6

Exposition: Genesis 34:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Hamor the father of Shechem went out unto Jacob to commune with him.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:7

Hebrew
וּבְנֵי יַעֲקֹב בָּאוּ מִן־הַשָּׂדֶה כְּשָׁמְעָם וַיִּֽתְעַצְּבוּ הָֽאֲנָשִׁים וַיִּחַר לָהֶם מְאֹד כִּֽי־נְבָלָה עָשָׂה בְיִשְׂרָאֵל לִשְׁכַּב אֶת־בַּֽת־יַעֲקֹב וְכֵן לֹא יֵעָשֶֽׂה׃

vveney-ya'aqov-va'v-min-hashadeh-kheshame'am-vayite'atzevv-ha'anashiym-vayichar-lahem-me'od-khiy-nevalah-'ashah-veyishera'el-lishekhav-'et-vat-ya'aqov-vekhen-lo'-ye'asheh

KJV: And the sons of Jacob came out of the field when they heard it: and the men were grieved, and they were very wroth, because he had wrought folly in Israel in lying with Jacob’s daughter; which thing ought not to be done.

AKJV: And the sons of Jacob came out of the field when they heard it: and the men were grieved, and they were very wroth, because he had worked folly in Israel in lying with Jacob’s daughter: which thing should not to be done.

ASV: And the sons of Jacob came in from the field when they heard it: and the men were grieved, and they were very wroth, because he had wrought folly in Israel in lying with Jacob’s daughter; which thing ought not to be done.

YLT: and the sons of Jacob came in from the field when they heard, and the men grieve themselves, and it is very displeasing to them, for folly he hath done against Israel, to lie with the daughter of Jacob--and so it is not done.

Commentary WitnessGenesis 34:7
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Genesis 34:7

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 7 He had wrought folly in Israel - The land, afterwards generally called Israel, was not as yet so named; and the sons of Jacob were neither called Israel, Israelites nor Jews, till long after this. How then can it be said that Shechem had wrought folly in Israel? The words are capable of a more literal translation: בישראל beyisrael, may be translated, against Israel. The angel had said, Thy name shall be called no more Jacob - not only Jacob, but Israel. It was this that aggravated the offense of Shechem; he wrought folly against Israel, the prince of God, in lying with the daughter of Jacob. Here both the names are given; Jacob, whose daughter was defiled, and Israel, the prince of God, against whom the offense was committed.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:7

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Israel
  • Jews
  • Jacob
  • Shechem

Exposition: Genesis 34:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the sons of Jacob came out of the field when they heard it: and the men were grieved, and they were very wroth, because he had wrought folly in Israel in lying with Jacob’s daughter; which thing ought not to be done.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:8

Hebrew
וַיְדַבֵּר חֲמוֹר אִתָּם לֵאמֹר שְׁכֶם בְּנִי חָֽשְׁקָה נַפְשׁוֹ בְּבִתְּכֶם תְּנוּ נָא אֹתָהּ לוֹ לְאִשָּֽׁה׃

vayedaver-chamvor-'itam-le'mor-shekhem-veniy-chasheqah-nafeshvo-vevitekhem-tenv-na'-'otah-lvo-le'ishah

KJV: And Hamor communed with them, saying, The soul of my son Shechem longeth for your daughter: I pray you give her him to wife.

AKJV: And Hamor communed with them, saying, The soul of my son Shechem longs for your daughter: I pray you give her him to wife.

ASV: And Hamor communed with them, saying, The soul of my son Shechem longeth for your daughter: I pray you, give her unto him to wife.

YLT: And Hamor speaketh with them, saying, ‘Shechem, my son, his soul hath cleaved to your daughter; give her, I pray you, to him for a wife,

Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 34:8
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Genesis 34:8

Generated editorial synthesis

Genesis 34:8 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And Hamor communed with them, saying, The soul of my son Shechem longeth for your daughter: I pray you give her him to wife.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:8

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Genesis 34:8

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Ray

Exposition: Genesis 34:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Hamor communed with them, saying, The soul of my son Shechem longeth for your daughter: I pray you give her him to wife.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:9

Hebrew
וְהִֽתְחַתְּנוּ אֹתָנוּ בְּנֹֽתֵיכֶם תִּתְּנוּ־לָנוּ וְאֶת־בְּנֹתֵינוּ תִּקְחוּ לָכֶֽם׃

vehitechatenv-'otanv-venoteykhem-titenv-lanv-ve'et-venoteynv-tiqechv-lakhem

KJV: And make ye marriages with us, and give your daughters unto us, and take our daughters unto you.

AKJV: And make you marriages with us, and give your daughters to us, and take our daughters to you.

ASV: And make ye marriages with us; give your daughters unto us, and take our daughters unto you.

YLT: and join ye in marriage with us; your daughters ye give to us, and our daughters ye take to yourselves,

Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 34:9
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Genesis 34:9

Generated editorial synthesis

Genesis 34:9 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And make ye marriages with us, and give your daughters unto us, and take our daughters unto you.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:9

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Genesis 34:9

Exposition: Genesis 34:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And make ye marriages with us, and give your daughters unto us, and take our daughters unto you.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:10

Hebrew
וְאִתָּנוּ תֵּשֵׁבוּ וְהָאָרֶץ תִּהְיֶה לִפְנֵיכֶם שְׁבוּ וּסְחָרוּהָ וְהֵֽאָחֲזוּ בָּֽהּ׃

ve'itanv-teshevv-veha'aretz-tiheyeh-lifeneykhem-shevv-vsecharvha-vehe'achazv-vah

KJV: And ye shall dwell with us: and the land shall be before you; dwell and trade ye therein, and get you possessions therein.

AKJV: And you shall dwell with us: and the land shall be before you; dwell and trade you therein, and get you possessions therein.

ASV: And ye shall dwell with us: and the land shall be before you; dwell and trade ye therein, and get you possessions therein.

YLT: and with us ye dwell, and the land is before you; dwell ye and trade in it, and have possessions in it.'

Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 34:10
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Genesis 34:10

Generated editorial synthesis

Genesis 34:10 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And ye shall dwell with us: and the land shall be before you; dwell and trade ye therein, and get you possessions therein.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:10

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Genesis 34:10

Exposition: Genesis 34:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And ye shall dwell with us: and the land shall be before you; dwell and trade ye therein, and get you possessions therein.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:11

Hebrew
וַיֹּאמֶר שְׁכֶם אֶל־אָבִיה וְאֶל־אַחֶיהָ אֶמְצָא־חֵן בְּעֵינֵיכֶם וַאֲשֶׁר תֹּאמְרוּ אֵלַי אֶתֵּֽן׃

vayo'mer-shekhem-'el-'aviyh-ve'el-'acheyha-'emetza'-chen-ve'eyneykhem-va'asher-to'merv-'elay-'eten

KJV: And Shechem said unto her father and unto her brethren, Let me find grace in your eyes, and what ye shall say unto me I will give.

AKJV: And Shechem said to her father and to her brothers, Let me find grace in your eyes, and what you shall say to me I will give.

ASV: And Shechem said unto her father and unto her brethren, Let me find favor in your eyes, and what ye shall say unto me I will give.

YLT: And Shechem saith unto her father, and unto her brethren, ‘Let me find grace in your eyes, and that which ye say unto me, I give;

Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 34:11
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Genesis 34:11

Generated editorial synthesis

Genesis 34:11 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And Shechem said unto her father and unto her brethren, Let me find grace in your eyes, and what ye shall say unto me I will give.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:11

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Genesis 34:11

Exposition: Genesis 34:11 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Shechem said unto her father and unto her brethren, Let me find grace in your eyes, and what ye shall say unto me I will give.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:12

Hebrew
הַרְבּוּ עָלַי מְאֹד מֹהַר וּמַתָּן וְאֶתְּנָה כַּאֲשֶׁר תֹּאמְרוּ אֵלָי וּתְנוּ־לִי אֶת־הַֽנַּעֲרָ לְאִשָּֽׁה׃

harevv-'alay-me'od-mohar-vmatan-ve'etenah-kha'asher-to'merv-'elay-vtenv-liy-'et-hana'ara-le'ishah

KJV: Ask me never so much dowry and gift, and I will give according as ye shall say unto me: but give me the damsel to wife.

AKJV: Ask me never so much dowry and gift, and I will give according as you shall say to me: but give me the damsel to wife.

ASV: Ask me never so much dowry and gift, and I will give according as ye shall say unto me: but give me the damsel to wife.

YLT: multiply on me exceedingly dowry and gift, and I give as ye say unto me, and give to me the young person for a wife.'

Commentary WitnessGenesis 34:12
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Genesis 34:12

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 12 Ask me never so much dowry - See Clarke on Gen 29:20 (note), etc. See the law relative to this, Exo 22:16, Exo 22:17.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:12

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Gen 29:20

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Clarke

Exposition: Genesis 34:12 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Ask me never so much dowry and gift, and I will give according as ye shall say unto me: but give me the damsel to wife.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:13

Hebrew
וַיַּעֲנוּ בְנֵֽי־יַעֲקֹב אֶת־שְׁכֶם וְאֶת־חֲמוֹר אָבִיו בְּמִרְמָה וַיְדַבֵּרוּ אֲשֶׁר טִמֵּא אֵת דִּינָה אֲחֹתָֽם׃

vaya'anv-veney-ya'aqov-'et-shekhem-ve'et-chamvor-'aviyv-vemiremah-vayedaverv-'asher-time'-'et-diynah-'achotam

KJV: And the sons of Jacob answered Shechem and Hamor his father deceitfully, and said, because he had defiled Dinah their sister:

AKJV: And the sons of Jacob answered Shechem and Hamor his father deceitfully, and said, because he had defiled Dinah their sister:

ASV: And the sons of Jacob answered Shechem and Hamor his father with guile, and spake, because he had defiled Dinah their sister,

YLT: And the sons of Jacob answer Shechem and Hamor his father deceitfully, and they speak (because he defiled Dinah their sister),

Commentary WitnessGenesis 34:13
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Genesis 34:13

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 13 Answered - deceitfully - Which nothing could excuse; yet, to show that they had had much provocation, it is immediately subjoined וידברו vaidabberu, they spoke thus because he had defiled Dinah their sister; for so this parenthesis should be read.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:13

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: Genesis 34:13 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the sons of Jacob answered Shechem and Hamor his father deceitfully, and said, because he had defiled Dinah their sister:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:14

Hebrew
וַיֹּאמְרוּ אֲלֵיהֶם לֹא נוּכַל לַעֲשׂוֹת הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה לָתֵת אֶת־אֲחֹתֵנוּ לְאִישׁ אֲשֶׁר־לוֹ עָרְלָה כִּֽי־חֶרְפָּה הִוא לָֽנוּ׃

vayo'merv-'aleyhem-lo'-nvkhal-la'ashvot-hadavar-hazeh-latet-'et-'achotenv-le'iysh-'asher-lvo-'arelah-khiy-cherefah-hiv'-lanv

KJV: And they said unto them, We cannot do this thing, to give our sister to one that is uncircumcised; for that were a reproach unto us:

AKJV: And they said to them, We cannot do this thing, to give our sister to one that is uncircumcised; for that were a reproach to us:

ASV: and said unto them, We cannot do this thing, to give our sister to one that is uncircumcised; for that were a reproach unto us.

YLT: and say unto them, ‘We are not able to do this thing, to give our sister to one who hath a foreskin: for it is a reproach to us.

Commentary WitnessGenesis 34:14
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Genesis 34:14

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 14 That were a reproach unto us - Because the uncircumcised were not in the covenant of God; and to have given an heiress of the promise to one who had no kind of right to its spiritual blessings, from whom might spring children who would naturally walk in the way of their father would have been absurd, reproachful and wicked. Thus far they were perfectly right; but to make this holy principle a cloak for their deceitful and murderous purposes, was the full sum of all wickedness

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:14

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: Genesis 34:14 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they said unto them, We cannot do this thing, to give our sister to one that is uncircumcised; for that were a reproach unto us:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:15

Hebrew
אַךְ־בְּזֹאת נֵאוֹת לָכֶם אִם תִּהְיוּ כָמֹנוּ לְהִמֹּל לָכֶם כָּל־זָכָֽר׃

'akhe-vezo't-ne'vot-lakhem-'im-tiheyv-khamonv-lehimol-lakhem-khal-zakhar

KJV: But in this will we consent unto you: If ye will be as we be, that every male of you be circumcised;

AKJV: But in this will we consent to you: If you will be as we be, that every male of you be circumcised;

ASV: Only on this condition will we consent unto you: if ye will be as we are, that every male of you be circumcised;

YLT: ‘Only for this we consent to you; if ye be as we, to have every male of you circumcised,

Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 34:15
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Genesis 34:15

Generated editorial synthesis

Genesis 34:15 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'But in this will we consent unto you: If ye will be as we be, that every male of you be circumcised;'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:15

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Genesis 34:15

Exposition: Genesis 34:15 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But in this will we consent unto you: If ye will be as we be, that every male of you be circumcised;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:16

Hebrew
וְנָתַנּוּ אֶת־בְּנֹתֵינוּ לָכֶם וְאֶת־בְּנֹתֵיכֶם נִֽקַּֽח־לָנוּ וְיָשַׁבְנוּ אִתְּכֶם וְהָיִינוּ לְעַם אֶחָֽד׃

venatanv-'et-venoteynv-lakhem-ve'et-venoteykhem-niqach-lanv-veyashavenv-'itekhem-vehayiynv-le'am-'echad

KJV: Then will we give our daughters unto you, and we will take your daughters to us, and we will dwell with you, and we will become one people.

AKJV: Then will we give our daughters to you, and we will take your daughters to us, and we will dwell with you, and we will become one people.

ASV: then will we give our daughters unto you, and we will take your daughters to us, and we will dwell with you, and we will become one people.

YLT: then we have given our daughters to you, and your daughters we take to ourselves, and we have dwelt with you, and have become one people;

Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 34:16
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Genesis 34:16

Generated editorial synthesis

Genesis 34:16 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Then will we give our daughters unto you, and we will take your daughters to us, and we will dwell with you, and we will become one people.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:16

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Genesis 34:16

Exposition: Genesis 34:16 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then will we give our daughters unto you, and we will take your daughters to us, and we will dwell with you, and we will become one people.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:17

Hebrew
וְאִם־לֹא תִשְׁמְעוּ אֵלֵינוּ לְהִמּוֹל וְלָקַחְנוּ אֶת־בִּתֵּנוּ וְהָלָֽכְנוּ׃

ve'im-lo'-tisheme'v-'eleynv-lehimvol-velaqachenv-'et-vitenv-vehalakhenv

KJV: But if ye will not hearken unto us, to be circumcised; then will we take our daughter, and we will be gone.

AKJV: But if you will not listen to us, to be circumcised; then will we take our daughter, and we will be gone.

ASV: But if ye will not hearken unto us, to be circumcised; then will we take our daughter, and we will be gone.

YLT: and if ye hearken not unto us to be circumcised, then we have taken our daughter, and have gone.'

Commentary WitnessGenesis 34:17
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Genesis 34:17

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 17 Then will we take our daughter, and we will he gone - It is natural to suppose that the tribe of Hamor was very inconsiderable, else they would not have sought an alliance with the family of Jacob, and have come so readily into a painful, disgraceful measure, without having either the sanction of Divine authority or reason; for it does not appear that the sons of Jacob urged either. And they are threatened here that if they do not agree to be circumcised, Dinah shall be taken from them, and restored to her family; and this is probably what the Shechemites saw they had not power at present to prevent.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:17

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Jacob

Exposition: Genesis 34:17 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But if ye will not hearken unto us, to be circumcised; then will we take our daughter, and we will be gone.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:18

Hebrew
וַיִּֽיטְבוּ דִבְרֵיהֶם בְּעֵינֵי חֲמוֹר וּבְעֵינֵי שְׁכֶם בֶּן־חֲמֽוֹר׃

vayiytevv-divereyhem-ve'eyney-chamvor-vve'eyney-shekhem-ven-chamvor

KJV: And their words pleased Hamor, and Shechem Hamor’s son.

AKJV: And their words pleased Hamor, and Shechem Hamor’s son.

ASV: And their words pleased Hamor, and Shechem Hamor’s son.

YLT: And their words are good in the eyes of Hamor, and in the eyes of Shechem, Hamor's son;

Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 34:18
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Genesis 34:18

Generated editorial synthesis

Genesis 34:18 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And their words pleased Hamor, and Shechem Hamor’s son.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:18

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Genesis 34:18

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Hamor

Exposition: Genesis 34:18 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And their words pleased Hamor, and Shechem Hamor’s son.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:19

Hebrew
וְלֹֽא־אֵחַר הַנַּעַר לַעֲשׂוֹת הַדָּבָר כִּי חָפֵץ בְּבַֽת־יַעֲקֹב וְהוּא נִכְבָּד מִכֹּל בֵּית אָבִֽיו׃

velo'-'echar-hana'ar-la'ashvot-hadavar-khiy-chafetz-vevat-ya'aqov-vehv'-nikhevad-mikhol-veyt-'aviyv

KJV: And the young man deferred not to do the thing, because he had delight in Jacob’s daughter: and he was more honourable than all the house of his father.

AKJV: And the young man deferred not to do the thing, because he had delight in Jacob’s daughter: and he was more honorable than all the house of his father. ¶

ASV: And the young man deferred not to do the thing, because he had delight in Jacob’s daughter: and he was honored above all the house of his father.

YLT: and the young man delayed not to do the thing, for he had delight in Jacob's daughter, and he is honourable above all the house of his father.

Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 34:19
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Genesis 34:19

Generated editorial synthesis

Genesis 34:19 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And the young man deferred not to do the thing, because he had delight in Jacob’s daughter: and he was more honourable than all the house of his father.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:19

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Genesis 34:19

Exposition: Genesis 34:19 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the young man deferred not to do the thing, because he had delight in Jacob’s daughter: and he was more honourable than all the house of his father.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:20

Hebrew
וַיָּבֹא חֲמוֹר וּשְׁכֶם בְּנוֹ אֶל־שַׁעַר עִירָם וַֽיְדַבְּרוּ אֶל־אַנְשֵׁי עִירָם לֵאמֹֽר׃

vayavo'-chamvor-vshekhem-venvo-'el-sha'ar-'iyram-vayedaverv-'el-'aneshey-'iyram-le'mor

KJV: And Hamor and Shechem his son came unto the gate of their city, and communed with the men of their city, saying,

AKJV: And Hamor and Shechem his son came to the gate of their city, and communed with the men of their city, saying,

ASV: And Hamor and Shechem his son came unto the gate of their city, and communed with the men of their city, saying,

YLT: And Hamor cometh--Shechem his son also--unto the gate of their city, and they speak unto the men of their city, saying,

Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 34:20
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Genesis 34:20

Generated editorial synthesis

Genesis 34:20 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And Hamor and Shechem his son came unto the gate of their city, and communed with the men of their city, saying,'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:20

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Genesis 34:20

Exposition: Genesis 34:20 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Hamor and Shechem his son came unto the gate of their city, and communed with the men of their city, saying,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:21

Hebrew
הָאֲנָשִׁים הָאֵלֶּה שְֽׁלֵמִים הֵם אִתָּנוּ וְיֵשְׁבוּ בָאָרֶץ וְיִסְחֲרוּ אֹתָהּ וְהָאָרֶץ הִנֵּה רַֽחֲבַת־יָדַיִם לִפְנֵיהֶם אֶת־בְּנֹתָם נִקַּֽח־לָנוּ לְנָשִׁים וְאֶת־בְּנֹתֵינוּ נִתֵּן לָהֶֽם׃

ha'anashiym-ha'eleh-shelemiym-hem-'itanv-veyeshevv-va'aretz-veyisecharv-'otah-veha'aretz-hineh-rachavat-yadayim-lifeneyhem-'et-venotam-niqach-lanv-lenashiym-ve'et-venoteynv-niten-lahem

KJV: These men are peaceable with us; therefore let them dwell in the land, and trade therein; for the land, behold, it is large enough for them; let us take their daughters to us for wives, and let us give them our daughters.

AKJV: These men are peaceable with us; therefore let them dwell in the land, and trade therein; for the land, behold, it is large enough for them; let us take their daughters to us for wives, and let us give them our daughters.

ASV: These men are peaceable with us; therefore let them dwell in the land, and trade therein; for, behold, the land is large enough for them; let us take their daughters to us for wives, and let us give them our daughters.

YLT: ‘These men are peaceable with us; then let them dwell in the land, and trade in it; and the land, lo, is wide before them; their daughters let us take to ourselves for wives, and our daughters give to them.

Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 34:21
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Genesis 34:21

Generated editorial synthesis

Genesis 34:21 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'These men are peaceable with us; therefore let them dwell in the land, and trade therein; for the land, behold, it is large enough for them; let us take their daughters to us for wives, and let us give them our daughters.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:21

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Genesis 34:21

Exposition: Genesis 34:21 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'These men are peaceable with us; therefore let them dwell in the land, and trade therein; for the land, behold, it is large enough for them; let us take their daughters to us for wives, and let us give them our daught...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:22

Hebrew
אַךְ־בְּזֹאת יֵאֹתוּ לָנוּ הָאֲנָשִׁים לָשֶׁבֶת אִתָּנוּ לִהְיוֹת לְעַם אֶחָד בְּהִמּוֹל לָנוּ כָּל־זָכָר כַּאֲשֶׁר הֵם נִמֹּלִֽים׃

'akhe-vezo't-ye'otv-lanv-ha'anashiym-lashevet-'itanv-liheyvot-le'am-'echad-vehimvol-lanv-khal-zakhar-kha'asher-hem-nimoliym

KJV: Only herein will the men consent unto us for to dwell with us, to be one people, if every male among us be circumcised, as they are circumcised.

AKJV: Only herein will the men consent to us for to dwell with us, to be one people, if every male among us be circumcised, as they are circumcised.

ASV: Only on this condition will the men consent unto us to dwell with us, to become one people, if every male among us be circumcised, as they are circumcised.

YLT: ‘Only for this do the men consent to us, to dwell with us, to become one people, in every male of us being circumcised, as they are circumcised;

Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 34:22
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Genesis 34:22

Generated editorial synthesis

Genesis 34:22 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Only herein will the men consent unto us for to dwell with us, to be one people, if every male among us be circumcised, as they are circumcised.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:22

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Genesis 34:22

Exposition: Genesis 34:22 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Only herein will the men consent unto us for to dwell with us, to be one people, if every male among us be circumcised, as they are circumcised.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:23

Hebrew
מִקְנֵהֶם וְקִנְיָנָם וְכָל־בְּהֶמְתָּם הֲלוֹא לָנוּ הֵם אַךְ נֵאוֹתָה לָהֶם וְיֵשְׁבוּ אִתָּֽנוּ׃

miqenehem-veqineyanam-vekhal-vehemetam-halvo'-lanv-hem-'akhe-ne'votah-lahem-veyeshevv-'itanv

KJV: Shall not their cattle and their substance and every beast of theirs be ours? only let us consent unto them, and they will dwell with us.

AKJV: Shall not their cattle and their substance and every beast of theirs be ours? only let us consent to them, and they will dwell with us.

ASV: Shall not their cattle and their substance and all their beasts be ours? only let us consent unto them, and they will dwell with us.

YLT: their cattle, and their substance, and all their beasts--are they not ours? only let us consent to them, and they dwell with us.'

Commentary WitnessGenesis 34:23
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Genesis 34:23

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 23 Shall not their cattle and their substance - be ours? - This was a bait held out for the poor unsuspecting people of Hamor by their prince and his son, who were not much less deceived than the people themselves.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:23

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: Genesis 34:23 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Shall not their cattle and their substance and every beast of theirs be ours? only let us consent unto them, and they will dwell with us.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:24

Hebrew
וַיִּשְׁמְעוּ אֶל־חֲמוֹר וְאֶל־שְׁכֶם בְּנוֹ כָּל־יֹצְאֵי שַׁעַר עִירוֹ וַיִּמֹּלוּ כָּל־זָכָר כָּל־יֹצְאֵי שַׁעַר עִירֽוֹ׃

vayisheme'v-'el-chamvor-ve'el-shekhem-venvo-khal-yotze'ey-sha'ar-'iyrvo-vayimolv-khal-zakhar-khal-yotze'ey-sha'ar-'iyrvo

KJV: And unto Hamor and unto Shechem his son hearkened all that went out of the gate of his city; and every male was circumcised, all that went out of the gate of his city.

AKJV: And to Hamor and to Shechem his son listened all that went out of the gate of his city; and every male was circumcised, all that went out of the gate of his city. ¶

ASV: And unto Hamor and unto Shechem his son hearkened all that went out of the gate of his city; and every male was circumcised, all that went out of the gate of his city.

YLT: And unto Hamor, and unto Shechem his son, hearken do all those going out of the gate of his city, and every male is circumcised, all those going out of the gate of his city.

Commentary WitnessGenesis 34:24
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Genesis 34:24

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 24 Every male was circumcised - These simple people must have had very great affection for their chief and his son, or have been under the influence of the most passive obedience, to have come so readily into this measure, and to have submitted to this rite. But the petty princes in Asiatic countries have ever been absolute and despotic, their subjects paying them the most prompt and blind obedience. I shall give a few examples from Mr. Richardson's Dissertations - "Abu Thaher, chief of the Carmathians, about the year nine hundred and thirty, ravaged the territory of Mecca, defiled the temple, and destroyed nearly 40,000 people. With only 500 horse he went to lay siege to Bagdad: the caliph's general, at the head of 30,000 men, marched out to seize him, but before he attacked him he sent an officer to summon him to surrender. 'How many men has the caliph's general?' said Abu Thaher. 'Thirty thousand,' replied the officer. 'Among them all,' says the Carmathian chief, 'has he got three like mine?' Then, ordering his followers to approach, he commanded one to stab himself, another to throw himself from a precipice, and a third to plunge into the Tigris; all three instantly obeyed, and perished. Then turning to the officer, he said, 'He who has such troops needs not value the number of his enemies!' "Hassan Sabat, one of those petty princes formerly known in Asia and Europe by the title Sheekh-ul-jibel, or old man of the mountain, being required by an ambassador to do homage to his master, the Sultan Malekshah Jelaleddin, without giving any answer, ordered one of his attendants to poniard himself, and another to leap from the battlements of the tower; and he was instantly obeyed! Then turning to the ambassador, he said, 'Seventy thousand are thus attentive to my commands. Let this be my answer. On a principle of this kind we may account for the prompt obedience of the people of Hamor.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:24

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Mr
  • Abu Thaher
  • Carmathians
  • Mecca
  • Bagdad
  • Then
  • Tigris
  • Hassan Sabat
  • Sultan Malekshah Jelaleddin
  • Hamor

Exposition: Genesis 34:24 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And unto Hamor and unto Shechem his son hearkened all that went out of the gate of his city; and every male was circumcised, all that went out of the gate of his city.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:25

Hebrew
וַיְהִי בַיּוֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁי בִּֽהְיוֹתָם כֹּֽאֲבִים וַיִּקְחוּ שְׁנֵֽי־בְנֵי־יַעֲקֹב שִׁמְעוֹן וְלֵוִי אֲחֵי דִינָה אִישׁ חַרְבּוֹ וַיָּבֹאוּ עַל־הָעִיר בֶּטַח וַיַּֽהַרְגוּ כָּל־זָכָֽר׃

vayehiy-vayvom-hasheliyshiy-viheyvotam-kho'aviym-vayiqechv-sheney-veney-ya'aqov-shime'von-veleviy-'achey-diynah-'iysh-charevvo-vayavo'v-'al-ha'iyr-vetach-vayaharegv-khal-zakhar

KJV: And it came to pass on the third day, when they were sore, that two of the sons of Jacob, Simeon and Levi, Dinah’s brethren, took each man his sword, and came upon the city boldly, and slew all the males.

AKJV: And it came to pass on the third day, when they were sore, that two of the sons of Jacob, Simeon and Levi, Dinah’s brothers, took each man his sword, and came on the city boldly, and slew all the males.

ASV: And it came to pass on the third day, when they were sore, that two of the sons of Jacob, Simeon and Levi, Dinah’s brethren, took each man his sword, and came upon the city unawares, and slew all the males.

YLT: And it cometh to pass, on the third day, in their being pained, that two of the sons of Jacob, Simeon and Levi, Dinah's brethren, take each his sword, and come in against the city confidently, and slay every male;

Commentary WitnessGenesis 34:25
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Genesis 34:25

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 25 On the third day, when they were sore - When the inflammation was at the height, and a fever ensued which rendered the person utterly helpless, and his state critical, Simeon and Levi, the half brothers of Dinah, took each man his sword, probably assisted by that portion of the servants which helped them to take care of the flock, came on the city boldly, בטח betach, securely - without being suspected, and being in no danger of meeting with resistance, and slew all the males. Great as the provocation was, and it certainly was very great, this was an act or unparalleled treachery and cruelty.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:25

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Levi
  • Dinah

Exposition: Genesis 34:25 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And it came to pass on the third day, when they were sore, that two of the sons of Jacob, Simeon and Levi, Dinah’s brethren, took each man his sword, and came upon the city boldly, and slew all the males.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:26

Hebrew
וְאֶת־חֲמוֹר וְאֶת־שְׁכֶם בְּנוֹ הָרְגוּ לְפִי־חָרֶב וַיִּקְחוּ אֶת־דִּינָה מִבֵּית שְׁכֶם וַיֵּצֵֽאוּ׃

ve'et-chamvor-ve'et-shekhem-venvo-haregv-lefiy-charev-vayiqechv-'et-diynah-miveyt-shekhem-vayetze'v

KJV: And they slew Hamor and Shechem his son with the edge of the sword, and took Dinah out of Shechem’s house, and went out.

AKJV: And they slew Hamor and Shechem his son with the edge of the sword, and took Dinah out of Shechem’s house, and went out.

ASV: And they slew Hamor and Shechem his son with the edge of the sword, and took Dinah out of Shechem’s house, and went forth.

YLT: and Hamor, and Shechem his son, they have slain by the mouth of the sword, and they take Dinah out of Shechem's house, and go out.

Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 34:26
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Genesis 34:26

Generated editorial synthesis

Genesis 34:26 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And they slew Hamor and Shechem his son with the edge of the sword, and took Dinah out of Shechem’s house, and went out.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:26

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Genesis 34:26

Exposition: Genesis 34:26 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they slew Hamor and Shechem his son with the edge of the sword, and took Dinah out of Shechem’s house, and went out.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:27

Hebrew
בְּנֵי יַעֲקֹב בָּאוּ עַל־הַחֲלָלִים וַיָּבֹזּוּ הָעִיר אֲשֶׁר טִמְּאוּ אֲחוֹתָֽם׃

veney-ya'aqov-va'v-'al-hachalaliym-vayavozv-ha'iyr-'asher-time'v-'achvotam

KJV: The sons of Jacob came upon the slain, and spoiled the city, because they had defiled their sister.

AKJV: The sons of Jacob came on the slain, and spoiled the city, because they had defiled their sister.

ASV: The sons of Jacob came upon the slain, and plundered the city, because they had defiled their sister.

YLT: Jacob's sons have come in upon the wounded, and they spoil the city, because they had defiled their sister;

Commentary WitnessGenesis 34:27
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Genesis 34:27

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 27 The sons of Jacob - The rest of Jacob's sons, the remaining brothers of Simeon and Levi, spoiled the city. Though the others could slay the defenceless males, it was not likely that they could have carried away all the booty, with the women, children, and cattle; it is therefore most natural to suppose that the rest of the sons of Jacob assisted at last in the business.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:27

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Levi

Exposition: Genesis 34:27 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'The sons of Jacob came upon the slain, and spoiled the city, because they had defiled their sister.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:28

Hebrew
אֶת־צֹאנָם וְאֶת־בְּקָרָם וְאֶת־חֲמֹרֵיהֶם וְאֵת אֲשֶׁר־בָּעִיר וְאֶת־אֲשֶׁר בַּשָּׂדֶה לָקָֽחוּ׃

'et-tzo'nam-ve'et-veqaram-ve'et-chamoreyhem-ve'et-'asher-va'iyr-ve'et-'asher-vashadeh-laqachv

KJV: They took their sheep, and their oxen, and their asses, and that which was in the city, and that which was in the field,

AKJV: They took their sheep, and their oxen, and their asses, and that which was in the city, and that which was in the field,

ASV: They took their flocks and their herds and their asses, and that which was in the city, and that which was in the field;

YLT: their flock and their herd, and their asses, and that which is in the city, and that which is in the field, have they taken;

Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 34:28
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Genesis 34:28

Generated editorial synthesis

Genesis 34:28 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'They took their sheep, and their oxen, and their asses, and that which was in the city, and that which was in the field,'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:28

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Genesis 34:28

Exposition: Genesis 34:28 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'They took their sheep, and their oxen, and their asses, and that which was in the city, and that which was in the field,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:29

Hebrew
וְאֶת־כָּל־חֵילָם וְאֶת־כָּל־טַפָּם וְאֶת־נְשֵׁיהֶם שָׁבוּ וַיָּבֹזּוּ וְאֵת כָּל־אֲשֶׁר בַּבָּֽיִת׃

ve'et-khal-cheylam-ve'et-khal-tafam-ve'et-nesheyhem-shavv-vayavozv-ve'et-khal-'asher-vavayit

KJV: And all their wealth, and all their little ones, and their wives took they captive, and spoiled even all that was in the house.

AKJV: And all their wealth, and all their little ones, and their wives took they captive, and spoiled even all that was in the house.

ASV: and all their wealth, and all their little ones and their wives, took they captive and made a prey, even all that was in the house.

YLT: and all their wealth, and all their infants, and their wives they have taken captive, and they spoil also all that is in the house.

Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 34:29
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Genesis 34:29

Generated editorial synthesis

Genesis 34:29 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And all their wealth, and all their little ones, and their wives took they captive, and spoiled even all that was in the house.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:29

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Genesis 34:29

Exposition: Genesis 34:29 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And all their wealth, and all their little ones, and their wives took they captive, and spoiled even all that was in the house.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:30

Hebrew
וַיֹּאמֶר יַעֲקֹב אֶל־שִׁמְעוֹן וְאֶל־לֵוִי עֲכַרְתֶּם אֹתִי לְהַבְאִישֵׁנִי בְּיֹשֵׁב הָאָרֶץ בַּֽכְּנַעֲנִי וּבַפְּרִזִּי וַאֲנִי מְתֵי מִסְפָּר וְנֶאֶסְפוּ עָלַי וְהִכּוּנִי וְנִשְׁמַדְתִּי אֲנִי וּבֵיתִֽי׃

vayo'mer-ya'aqov-'el-shime'von-ve'el-leviy-'akharetem-'otiy-lehave'iysheniy-veyoshev-ha'aretz-vakhena'aniy-vvaferiziy-va'aniy-metey-misefar-vene'esefv-'alay-vehikhvniy-venishemadetiy-'aniy-vveytiy

KJV: And Jacob said to Simeon and Levi, Ye have troubled me to make me to stink among the inhabitants of the land, among the Canaanites and the Perizzites: and I being few in number, they shall gather themselves together against me, and slay me; and I shall be destroyed, I and my house.

AKJV: And Jacob said to Simeon and Levi, You have troubled me to make me to stink among the inhabitants of the land, among the Canaanites and the Perizzites: and I being few in number, they shall gather themselves together against me, and slay me; and I shall be destroyed, I and my house.

ASV: And Jacob said to Simeon and Levi, Ye have troubled me, to make me odious to the inhabitants of the land, among the Canaanites and the Perizzites: and, I being few in number, they will gather themselves together against me and smite me; and I shall be destroyed, I and my house.

YLT: And Jacob saith unto Simeon and unto Levi, ‘Ye have troubled me, by causing me to stink among the inhabitants of the land, among the Canaanite, and among the Perizzite: and I am few in number, and they have been gathered against me, and have smitten me, and I have been destroyed, I and my house.’

Commentary WitnessGenesis 34:30
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Genesis 34:30

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 30 Ye have troubled me - Brought my mind into great distress, and endangered my personal safety; to make me to stink - to render me odious to the surrounding tribes, so that there is every reason to suspect that when this deed is come abroad they will join in a confederacy against me, and extirpate my whole family. And had he not been under the peculiar protection of God, this in all human probability would have been the case; but he had prevailed with God, and he was also to prevail with men. That Jacob's resentment was not dissembled we have the fullest proof in his depriving these two sons of the birthright, which otherwise they had doubtless enjoyed. See Gen 49:5, Gen 49:7, where some additional circumstances are related.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:30

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Gen 49:5
  • Gen 49:7

Exposition: Genesis 34:30 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Jacob said to Simeon and Levi, Ye have troubled me to make me to stink among the inhabitants of the land, among the Canaanites and the Perizzites: and I being few in number, they shall gather themselves together a...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Genesis 34:31

Hebrew
וַיֹּאמְרוּ הַכְזוֹנָה יַעֲשֶׂה אֶת־אֲחוֹתֵֽנוּ׃

vayo'merv-hakhezvonah-ya'asheh-'et-'achvotenv

KJV: And they said, Should he deal with our sister as with an harlot?

AKJV: And they said, Should he deal with our sister as with an harlot?

ASV: And they said, Should he deal with our sister as with a harlot?

YLT: And they say, ‘As a harlot doth he make our sister?’

Commentary WitnessGenesis 34:31
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Genesis 34:31

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 31 Should he deal with our sister as with a harlot? - On this outrage alone they vindicated their flagitious conduct. The word harlot first occurs here: the original is not פילגש pilegesh, which we render concubine, (see its explanation Gen 22:24 (note)), but זונה zonah, which ordinarily signifies one who prostitutes herself to any person for hire. Our word harlot is said to have been derived from a very odd circumstance: Robert, duke of Normandy, seeing a fine-looking country girl dancing with her companions on the green, took her to his bed. She was the daughter of a skinner, and her name was Arlotta; and of her William, surnamed The Conqueror, was born. Hence it is said all such women were from her called harlots, as William himself was usually termed the Bastard. But horelet, the diminutive of whore, is not a less likely derivation. Solomon has very properly said, My son, enter not into the path of the wicked, and go not in the way of evil men; avoid it, pass not by it, turn from it, and pass away, Pro 4:14, Pro 4:15. Had not Dinah gone out to see the daughters of the land, and very possibly at one of their idolatrous festivals, she had not suffered the foul disgrace mentioned in this chapter. Not only prudence dictates that young women should keep at home, but God expressly commands it, Tit 2:5. Dinah got among idolaters, and thus partook of their iniquities; and this led to the most base and cruel transaction upon record. How true is the saying, Those who wander out of the way of understanding shall abide in the congregation of the dead! In the case before us blame seems to attach to all parties. 1. It was wrong in Jacob to suffer his daughter, alone and unprotected, to visit the daughters of the land. 2. It was excessively wicked in Shechem to take this advantage of the daughter of a respectable stranger, who had sought his friendship, and came to sojourn among his people, and whose righteous dealing they must have witnessed for at least seven years past. In his behalf we may say, and it would be unjust not to say it, that having done the mischief, and sinned deeply against the laws of hospitality, he wished to make all the reparation in his power; and therefore in the most frank and liberal manner he not only offered, but most pressingly entreated, permission to take Dinah to wife. This was the utmost he could do in such a case. And in this he is a saint of the first order when compared with the noble and ignoble profligates who, while blaspheming the Christian name by continuing to assume it, commit all kinds of breaches on the virtue of simple females, and the peace of respectable families, and not only make no reparation, but glory in their shame. 3. It was diabolical in Jacob's sons to slay a whole tribe for the offense of one man, and especially as that one had offered to make all the restitution in his power. They required that Hamor, Shechem, and all their subjects should be circumcised before they could conscientiously consent to give their sister to Shechem in marriage. This required conformity was made the cloak of the most base and infamous designs. The simple unsuspecting Shechemites agreed to the proposal; and when rendered by this religious rite incapable of defending themselves, they were basely murdered by Simeon and Levi, and their city destroyed. Jacob, to his great honor, remonstrated against this barbarous and bloody act, committed apparently under the sanction of religion; and God showed his abhorrence of it by directing the patriarch, in his dying moments, to proscribe them from the blessings of the covenant, so that they barely retained a name among the tribes of Israel, being in general small, and ever disreputable, except merely in the service of the sanctuary, in which Levi was employed. How often since, notwithstanding this solemn warning, has the pure and benevolent religion of God been made, by wicked and designing men, a political stalking-horse to serve the basest purposes, and a covert to the worst of crimes! But shall we find fault with the holy religion of the blessed God because wicked men have abused it? God forbid! Were it not so good as it really is, it would be incapable of such abuse. An evil cannot be abused, a good may; and the greater and the more acknowledged the good, the more liable to abuse. As every good is so capable of being abused, does he act wisely who argues against the use of the thing on this account? Shall we say that various kinds of grain, fruits, and aliments are a curse, because wicked men abuse them to the purposes of drunkenness and gluttony? This would argue an utter perversion of all reason: and is it not on such a pretext as this that many persons have ventured to call in question even the truths of Christianity? Whatever such men may be determined to think on the subject of this chapter, with the unprejudiced reader the ample and detailed relation which we have here of this barbarous transaction will appear an additional proof of the veracity and impartiality of the sacred historian.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Genesis 34:31

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Gen 22:24

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Robert
  • Normandy
  • Arlotta
  • William
  • The Conqueror
  • Bastard
  • Hamor
  • Shechem
  • Levi
  • Jacob
  • Israel

Exposition: Genesis 34:31 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they said, Should he deal with our sister as with an harlot?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Citation trailOpen the commentary counts, references, and named sources.

Scholarly apparatus

Commentary citation index

This chapter now surfaces commentary as quoted witness material with an explicit citation trail. The index below gathers the canonical references and named authorities detected inside the commentary layer for faster academic review.

Direct commentary witnesses

14

Generated editorial witnesses

17

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Canonical references surfaced in commentary

  • Gen 34:1
  • Gen 34:2
  • Gen 34:3
  • Gen 34:5-7
  • Gen 34:8-10
  • Gen 34:11
  • Gen 34:12
  • Gen 34:13-17
  • Gen 34:18
  • Gen 34:19
  • Gen 34:20-23
  • Gen 34:24
  • Gen 34:25-29
  • Gen 34:30
  • Gen 34:31
  • Genesis 34:1
  • Gen 34:6
  • Gen 34:8
  • Genesis 34:2
  • Gen 34:26
  • Genesis 34:3
  • Genesis 34:4
  • Genesis 34:5
  • Genesis 34:6
  • Genesis 34:7
  • Genesis 34:8
  • Genesis 34:9
  • Genesis 34:10
  • Genesis 34:11
  • Gen 29:20
  • Genesis 34:12
  • Genesis 34:13
  • Genesis 34:14
  • Genesis 34:15
  • Genesis 34:16
  • Genesis 34:17
  • Genesis 34:18
  • Genesis 34:19
  • Genesis 34:20
  • Genesis 34:21
  • Genesis 34:22
  • Genesis 34:23
  • Genesis 34:24
  • Genesis 34:25
  • Genesis 34:26
  • Genesis 34:27
  • Genesis 34:28
  • Genesis 34:29
  • Gen 49:5
  • Gen 49:7
  • Genesis 34:30
  • Gen 22:24
  • Genesis 34:31

Named authorities or texts surfaced in commentary

  • Josephus
  • Dinah
  • Leah
  • Shechem
  • Hamor
  • Jacob
  • Levi
  • Shechemites
  • Canaan
  • Literally
  • Israel
  • Jews
  • Ray
  • Clarke
  • Mr
  • Abu Thaher
  • Carmathians
  • Mecca
  • Bagdad
  • Then
  • Tigris
  • Hassan Sabat
  • Sultan Malekshah Jelaleddin
  • Robert
  • Normandy
  • Arlotta
  • William
  • The Conqueror
  • Bastard
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New Testament Letters

Colossians

Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Colossians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 4 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Colossians

Open Colossians

New Testament Letters

1 Thessalonians

Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Thessalonians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 5 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 1 Thessalonians

Open 1 Thessalonians

New Testament Letters

2 Thessalonians

Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Thessalonians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 3 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 2 Thessalonians

Open 2 Thessalonians

New Testament Letters

1 Timothy

Rendered chapters 1–6 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Timothy. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 6 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 1 Timothy

Open 1 Timothy

New Testament Letters

2 Timothy

Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Timothy. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 4 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 2 Timothy

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New Testament Letters

Titus

Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Titus. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 3 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Titus

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New Testament Letters

Philemon

Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for Philemon. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 1 rendered chapter
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Philemon

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New Testament Letters

Hebrews

Rendered chapters 1–13 are mapped to the public reader path for Hebrews. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 13 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Hebrews

Open Hebrews

New Testament Letters

James

Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for James. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 5 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for James

Open James

New Testament Letters

1 Peter

Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Peter. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 5 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 1 Peter

Open 1 Peter

New Testament Letters

2 Peter

Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Peter. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 3 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 2 Peter

Open 2 Peter

New Testament Letters

1 John

Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 5 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 1 John

Open 1 John

New Testament Letters

2 John

Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 1 rendered chapter
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 2 John

Open 2 John

New Testament Letters

3 John

Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for 3 John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 1 rendered chapter
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 3 John

Open 3 John

New Testament Letters

Jude

Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for Jude. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 1 rendered chapter
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Jude

Open Jude

New Testament Apocalypse

Revelation

Rendered chapters 1–22 are mapped to the public reader path for Revelation. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 22 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Revelation

Open Revelation

What this explorer shows today

The public reader has book-by-book chapter entry points across the 66-book canon. Deeper corpus and provenance details stay on the supporting Bible Data shelves.

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