Apologetics Bible
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The Hebrew title בְּרֵאשִׁית (B'reishit — "In the beginning") identifies Genesis as the Ur-document of all biblical revelation. Moses compiled and wrote Genesis under divine inspiration (affirmed by Jesus in John 5:46; Luke 24:27), drawing on earlier written and oral sources (toledot records).
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Connected primary witness
- Connected ID:
Genesis_7
- Primary Witness Text: And the LORD said unto Noah, Come thou and all thy house into the ark; for thee have I seen righteous before me in this generation. Of every clean beast thou shalt take to thee by sevens, the male and his female: and of beasts that are not clean by two, the male and his female. Of fowls also of the air by sevens, the male and the female; to keep seed alive upon the face of all the earth. For yet seven days, and I will cause it to rain upon the earth forty days and forty nights; and every living substance that I have made will I destroy from off the face of the earth. And Noah did according unto all that the LORD commanded him. And Noah was six hundred years old when the flood of waters was upon the earth. And Noah went in, and his sons, and his wife, and his sons’ wives with him, into the ark, because of the waters of the flood. Of clean beasts, and of beasts that are not clean, and of fowls, and of every thing that creepeth upon the earth, There went in two and two unto Noah into the ark, the male and the female, as God had commanded Noah. And it came to pass after seven days, that the waters of the flood were upon the earth. In the six hundredth year of Noah’s life, in the second month, the seventeenth day of the month, the same day were all the fountains of the great deep broken up, and the windows of heaven were opened. And the rain was upon the earth forty days and forty nights. In the selfsame day entered Noah, and Shem, and Ham, and Japheth, the sons of Noah, and Noah’...
Connected dataset overlay
- Connected ID:
Genesis_7
- Chapter Blob Preview: And the LORD said unto Noah, Come thou and all thy house into the ark; for thee have I seen righteous before me in this generation. Of every clean beast thou shalt take to thee by sevens, the male and his female: and of beasts that are not clean by two, the male and his female. Of fowls also of the air by sevens, the male and the female; to keep seed alive upon the face of all ...
Chapter frameStart here before opening notes.
Chapter frame
The Hebrew title בְּרֵאשִׁית (B'reishit — "In the beginning") identifies Genesis as the Ur-document of all biblical revelation. Moses compiled and wrote Genesis under divine inspiration (affirmed by Jesus in John 5:46; Luke 24:27), drawing on earlier written and oral sources (toledot records).
Genesis addresses the deepest human questions: Origin, Identity, Fall, and Hope. Its apologetics force lies in presenting monotheistic creation, human dignity, the origin of evil, and the first redemptive promise (3:15) — each revolutionary in its ancient Near Eastern context where polytheism, fatalism, and cyclical time dominated all rival cosmologies.
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Genesis 7:1
Hebrew
וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה לְנֹחַ בֹּֽא־אַתָּה וְכָל־בֵּיתְךָ אֶל־הַתֵּבָה כִּֽי־אֹתְךָ רָאִיתִי צַדִּיק לְפָנַי בַּדּוֹר הַזֶּֽה׃vayo'mer-yehvah-lenocha-vo'-'atah-vekhal-veytekha-'el-hatevah-khiy-'otekha-ra'iytiy-tzadiyq-lefanay-vadvor-hazeh
KJV: And the LORD said unto Noah, Come thou and all thy house into the ark; for thee have I seen righteous before me in this generation.
AKJV: And the LORD said to Noah, Come you and all your house into the ark; for you have I seen righteous before me in this generation.
ASV: And Jehovah said unto Noah, Come thou and all thy house into the ark; for thee have I seen righteous before me in this generation.
YLT: And Jehovah saith to Noah, ‘Come in, thou and all thy house, unto the ark, for thee I have seen righteous before Me in this generation;
Exposition: Genesis 7:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the LORD said unto Noah, Come thou and all thy house into the ark; for thee have I seen righteous before me in this generation.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:2
Hebrew
מִכֹּל ׀ הַבְּהֵמָה הַטְּהוֹרָה תִּֽקַּח־לְךָ שִׁבְעָה שִׁבְעָה אִישׁ וְאִשְׁתּוֹ וּמִן־הַבְּהֵמָה אֲשֶׁר לֹא טְהֹרָה הִוא שְׁנַיִם אִישׁ וְאִשְׁתּֽוֹ׃mikhol- -havehemah-hatehvorah-tiqach-lekha-shive'ah-shive'ah-'iysh-ve'ishetvo-vmin-havehemah-'asher-lo'-tehorah-hiv'-shenayim-'iysh-ve'ishetvo
KJV: Of every clean beast thou shalt take to thee by sevens, the male and his female: and of beasts that are not clean by two, the male and his female.
AKJV: Of every clean beast you shall take to you by sevens, the male and his female: and of beasts that are not clean by two, the male and his female.
ASV: Of every clean beast thou shalt take to thee seven and seven, the male and his female; and of the beasts that are not clean two, the male and his female:
YLT: of all the clean beasts thou dost take to thee seven pairs, a male and its female; and of the beasts which are not clean two, a male and its female;
Commentary WitnessGenesis 7:2Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Genesis 7:2
Verse 2 Of every clean beast - So we find the distinction between clean and unclean animals existed long before the Mosaic law. This distinction seems to have been originally designed to mark those animals which were proper for sacrifice and food, from those that were not. See Leviticus 11.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:2
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Genesis 7:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Of every clean beast thou shalt take to thee by sevens, the male and his female: and of beasts that are not clean by two, the male and his female.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:3
Hebrew
גַּם מֵעוֹף הַשָּׁמַיִם שִׁבְעָה שִׁבְעָה זָכָר וּנְקֵבָה לְחַיּוֹת זֶרַע עַל־פְּנֵי כָל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃gam-me'vof-hashamayim-shive'ah-shive'ah-zakhar-vneqevah-lechayvot-zera'-'al-feney-khal-ha'aretz
KJV: Of fowls also of the air by sevens, the male and the female; to keep seed alive upon the face of all the earth.
AKJV: Of fowls also of the air by sevens, the male and the female; to keep seed alive on the face of all the earth.
ASV: of the birds also of the heavens, seven and seven, male and female, to keep seed alive upon the face of all the earth.
YLT: also, of fowl of the heavens seven pairs, a male and a female, to keep alive seed on the face of all the earth;
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 7:3Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 7:3
Genesis 7:3 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Of fowls also of the air by sevens, the male and the female; to keep seed alive upon the face of all the earth.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:3
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 7:3
Exposition: Genesis 7:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Of fowls also of the air by sevens, the male and the female; to keep seed alive upon the face of all the earth.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:4
Hebrew
כִּי לְיָמִים עוֹד שִׁבְעָה אָֽנֹכִי מַמְטִיר עַל־הָאָרֶץ אַרְבָּעִים יוֹם וְאַרְבָּעִים לָיְלָה וּמָחִיתִי אֶֽת־כָּל־הַיְקוּם אֲשֶׁר עָשִׂיתִי מֵעַל פְּנֵי הֽ͏ָאֲדָמָֽה׃khiy-leyamiym-'vod-shive'ah-'anokhiy-mametiyr-'al-ha'aretz-'areva'iym-yvom-ve'areva'iym-layelah-vmachiytiy-'et-khal-hayeqvm-'asher-'ashiytiy-me'al-feney-ha'adamah
KJV: For yet seven days, and I will cause it to rain upon the earth forty days and forty nights; and every living substance that I have made will I destroy from off the face of the earth.
AKJV: For yet seven days, and I will cause it to rain on the earth forty days and forty nights; and every living substance that I have made will I destroy from off the face of the earth.
ASV: For yet seven days, and I will cause it to rain upon the earth forty days and forty nights; and every living thing that I have made will I destroy from off the face of the ground.
YLT: for after other seven days I am sending rain on the earth forty days and forty nights, and have wiped away all the substance that I have made from off the face of the ground.'
Commentary WitnessGenesis 7:4Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Genesis 7:4
Verse 4 For yet seven days - God spoke these words probably on the seventh or Sabbath day, and the days of the ensuing week were employed in entering the ark, in embarking the mighty troop, for whose reception ample provision had been already made. Forty days - This period became afterwards sacred, and was considered a proper space for humiliation. Moses fasted forty days, Deu 9:9, Deu 9:11; so did Elijah, 1Kgs 19:8; so did our Lord, Mat 4:2. Forty days' respite were given to the Ninevites that they might repent, Jon 3:4; and thrice forty (one hundred and twenty) years were given to the old world for the same gracious purpose, Gen 6:3. The forty days of Lent, in commemoration of our Lord's fasting, have a reference to the same thing; as each of these seems to be deduced from this primitive judgment.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:4
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- 1Kgs 19:8
- Mat 4:2
- Gen 6:3
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Moses
- Elijah
- Lord
- Lent
Exposition: Genesis 7:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For yet seven days, and I will cause it to rain upon the earth forty days and forty nights; and every living substance that I have made will I destroy from off the face of the earth.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:5
Hebrew
וַיַּעַשׂ נֹחַ כְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּהוּ יְהוָֽה׃vaya'ash-nocha-khekhol-'asher-tzivahv-yehvah
KJV: And Noah did according unto all that the LORD commanded him.
AKJV: And Noah did according to all that the LORD commanded him.
ASV: And Noah did according unto all that Jehovah commanded him.
YLT: And Noah doth according to all that Jehovah hath commanded him:
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 7:5Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 7:5
Genesis 7:5 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And Noah did according unto all that the LORD commanded him.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:5
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 7:5
Exposition: Genesis 7:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Noah did according unto all that the LORD commanded him.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:6
Hebrew
וְנֹחַ בֶּן־שֵׁשׁ מֵאוֹת שָׁנָה וְהַמַּבּוּל הָיָה מַיִם עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃venocha-ven-shesh-me'vot-shanah-vehamavvl-hayah-mayim-'al-ha'aretz
KJV: And Noah was six hundred years old when the flood of waters was upon the earth.
AKJV: And Noah was six hundred years old when the flood of waters was on the earth. ¶
ASV: And Noah was six hundred years old when the flood of waters was upon the earth.
YLT: and Noah is a son of six hundred years, and the deluge of waters hath been upon the earth.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 7:6Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 7:6
Genesis 7:6 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And Noah was six hundred years old when the flood of waters was upon the earth.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:6
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 7:6
Exposition: Genesis 7:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Noah was six hundred years old when the flood of waters was upon the earth.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:7
Hebrew
וַיָּבֹא נֹחַ וּבָנָיו וְאִשְׁתּוֹ וּנְשֵֽׁי־בָנָיו אִתּוֹ אֶל־הַתֵּבָה מִפְּנֵי מֵי הַמַּבּֽוּל׃vayavo'-nocha-vvanayv-ve'ishetvo-vneshey-vanayv-'itvo-'el-hatevah-mifeney-mey-hamavvl
KJV: And Noah went in, and his sons, and his wife, and his sons’ wives with him, into the ark, because of the waters of the flood.
AKJV: And Noah went in, and his sons, and his wife, and his sons’ wives with him, into the ark, because of the waters of the flood.
ASV: And Noah went in, and his sons, and his wife, and his sons’ wives with him, into the ark, because of the waters of the flood.
YLT: And Noah goeth in, and his sons, and his wife, and his sons' wives with him, unto the ark, from the presence of the waters of the deluge;
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 7:7Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 7:7
Genesis 7:7 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And Noah went in, and his sons, and his wife, and his sons’ wives with him, into the ark, because of the waters of the flood.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:7
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 7:7
Exposition: Genesis 7:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Noah went in, and his sons, and his wife, and his sons’ wives with him, into the ark, because of the waters of the flood.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:8
Hebrew
מִן־הַבְּהֵמָה הַטְּהוֹרָה וּמִן־הַבְּהֵמָה אֲשֶׁר אֵינֶנָּה טְהֹרָה וּמִן־הָעוֹף וְכֹל אֲשֶׁר־רֹמֵשׂ עַל־הָֽאֲדָמָֽה׃min-havehemah-hatehvorah-vmin-havehemah-'asher-'eynenah-tehorah-vmin-ha'vof-vekhol-'asher-romesh-'al-ha'adamah
KJV: Of clean beasts, and of beasts that are not clean, and of fowls, and of every thing that creepeth upon the earth,
AKJV: Of clean beasts, and of beasts that are not clean, and of fowls, and of every thing that creeps on the earth,
ASV: Of clean beasts, and of beasts that are not clean, and of birds, and of everything that creepeth upon the ground,
YLT: of the clean beasts and of the beasts that are not clean, and of the fowl, and of every thing that is creeping upon the ground,
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 7:8Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 7:8
Genesis 7:8 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Of clean beasts, and of beasts that are not clean, and of fowls, and of every thing that creepeth upon the earth,'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:8
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 7:8
Exposition: Genesis 7:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Of clean beasts, and of beasts that are not clean, and of fowls, and of every thing that creepeth upon the earth,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:9
Hebrew
שְׁנַיִם שְׁנַיִם בָּאוּ אֶל־נֹחַ אֶל־הַתֵּבָה זָכָר וּנְקֵבָה כּֽ͏ַאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה אֱלֹהִים אֶת־נֹֽחַ׃shenayim-shenayim-va'v-'el-nocha-'el-hatevah-zakhar-vneqevah-kha'asher-tzivah-'elohiym-'et-nocha
KJV: There went in two and two unto Noah into the ark, the male and the female, as God had commanded Noah.
AKJV: There went in two and two to Noah into the ark, the male and the female, as God had commanded Noah.
ASV: there went in two and two unto Noah into the ark, male and female, as God commanded Noah.
YLT: two by two they have come in unto Noah, unto the ark, a male and a female, as God hath commanded Noah.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 7:9Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 7:9
Genesis 7:9 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'There went in two and two unto Noah into the ark, the male and the female, as God had commanded Noah.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:9
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 7:9
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Noah
Exposition: Genesis 7:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'There went in two and two unto Noah into the ark, the male and the female, as God had commanded Noah.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:10
Hebrew
וֽ͏ַיְהִי לְשִׁבְעַת הַיָּמִים וּמֵי הַמַּבּוּל הָיוּ עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃vayehiy-leshive'at-hayamiym-vmey-hamavvl-hayv-'al-ha'aretz
KJV: And it came to pass after seven days, that the waters of the flood were upon the earth.
AKJV: And it came to pass after seven days, that the waters of the flood were on the earth. ¶
ASV: And it came to pass after the seven days, that the waters of the flood were upon the earth.
YLT: And it cometh to pass, after the seventh of the days, that waters of the deluge have been on the earth.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 7:10Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 7:10
Genesis 7:10 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And it came to pass after seven days, that the waters of the flood were upon the earth.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:10
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 7:10
Exposition: Genesis 7:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And it came to pass after seven days, that the waters of the flood were upon the earth.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:11
Hebrew
בִּשְׁנַת שֵׁשׁ־מֵאוֹת שָׁנָה לְחַיֵּי־נֹחַ בַּחֹדֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִי בְּשִׁבְעָֽה־עָשָׂר יוֹם לַחֹדֶשׁ בַּיּוֹם הַזֶּה נִבְקְעוּ כָּֽל־מַעְיְנֹת תְּהוֹם רַבָּה וַאֲרֻבֹּת הַשָּׁמַיִם נִפְתָּֽחוּ׃vishenat-shesh-me'vot-shanah-lechayey-nocha-vachodesh-hasheniy-veshive'ah-'ashar-yvom-lachodesh-vayvom-hazeh-niveqe'v-khal-ma'eyenot-tehvom-ravah-va'aruvot-hashamayim-nifetachv
KJV: In the six hundredth year of Noah’s life, in the second month, the seventeenth day of the month, the same day were all the fountains of the great deep broken up, and the windows of heaven were opened.
AKJV: In the six hundredth year of Noah’s life, in the second month, the seventeenth day of the month, the same day were all the fountains of the great deep broken up, and the windows of heaven were opened.
ASV: In the six hundredth year of Noah’s life, in the second month, on the seventeenth day of the month, on the same day were all the fountains of the great deep broken up, and the windows of heaven were opened.
YLT: In the six hundredth year of the life of Noah, in the second month, in the seventeenth day of the month, in this day have been broken up all fountains of the great deep, and the net-work of the heavens hath been opened,
Commentary WitnessGenesis 7:11Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Genesis 7:11
Verse 11 In the six hundredth year, etc. - This must have been in the beginning of the six hundredth year of his life; for he was a year in the ark, Gen 8:13; and lived three hundred and fifty years after the flood, and died nine hundred and fifty years old, Gen 9:29; so it is evident that, when the flood commenced, he had just entered on his six hundredth year. Second month - The first month was Tisri, which answers to the latter half of September, and first half of October; and the second was Marcheshvan, which answers to part of October and part of November. After the deliverance from Egypt, the beginning of the year was changed from Marcheshvan to Nisan, which answers to a part of our March and April. But it is not likely that this reckoning obtained before the flood. Dr. Lightfoot very probably conjectures that Methuselah was alive in the first month of this year. And it appears, says he, how clearly the Spirit of prophecy foretold of things to come, when it directed his father Enoch almost a thousand years before to name him Methuselah, which signifies they die by a dart; or, he dieth, and then is the dart; or, he dieth, end then it is sent. And thus Adam and Methuselah had measured the whole time between the creation and the flood, and lived above two hundred and forty years together. See Genesis 5 at the end, Gen 5:32 (note). Were all the fountains of the great deep broken up, and the windows of heaven were opened - It appears that an immense quantity of waters occupied the center of the antediluvian earth; and as these burst forth, by the order of God, the circumambient strata must sink, in order to fill up the vacuum occasioned by the elevated waters. This is probably what is meant by breaking up the fountains of the great deep. These waters, with the seas on the earth's surface, might be deemed sufficient to drown the whole globe, as the waters now on its surface are nearly three-fourths of the whole, as has been accurately ascertained by Dr. Long. See the note on Gen 1:10. By the opening of the windows of heaven is probably meant the precipitating all the aqueous vapours which were suspended in the whole atmosphere, so that, as Moses expresses it, Gen 1:7, the waters that were above the firmament were again united to the waters which were below the firmament, from which on the second day of creation they had been separated. A multitude of facts have proved that water itself is composed of two airs, oxygen and hydrogen; and that 85 parts of the first and 15 of the last, making 100 in the whole, will produce exactly 100 parts of water. And thus it is found that these two airs form the constituent parts of water in the above proportions. The electric spark, which is the same as lightning, passing through these airs, decomposes them and converts them to water. And to this cause we may probably attribute the rain which immediately follows the flash of lightning and peal of thunder. God therefore, by the means of lightning, might have converted the whole atmosphere into water, for the purpose of drowning the globe, had there not been a sufficiency of merely aqueous vapours suspended in the atmosphere on the second day of creation. And if the electric fluid were used on this occasion for the production of water, the incessant glare of lightning, and the continual peals of thunder, must have added indescribable horrors to the scene. See the note on Gen 8:1. These two causes concurring were amply sufficient, not only to overflow the earth, but probably to dissolve the whole terrene fabric, as some judicious naturalists have supposed: indeed, this seems determined by the word מבול mabbul, translated flood, which is derived from בל bal בלל or balal, to mix, mingle, confound, confuse, because the aqueous and terrene parts of the globe were then mixed and confounded together; and when the supernatural cause that produced this mighty change suspended its operations, the different particles of matter would settle according to their specific gravities, and thus form the various strata or beds of which the earth appears to be internally constructed. Some naturalists have controverted this sentiment, because in some cases the internal structure of the earth does not appear to justify the opinion that the various portions of matter had settled according to their specific gravities; but these anomalies may easily be accounted for, from the great changes that have taken place in different parts of the earth since the flood, by volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, etc. Some very eminent philosophers are of the opinion "that, by the breaking up of the fountains of the great deep, we are to understand an eruption of waters from the Southern Ocean." Mr. Kirwan supposes "that this is pretty evident from such animals as the elephant and rhinoceros being found in great masses in Siberia, mixed with different marine substances; whereas no animals or other substances belonging to the northern regions have been ever found in southern climates. Had these animals died natural deaths in their proper climate, their bodies would not have been found in such masses. But that they were carried no farther northward than Siberia, is evident from there being no remains of any animals besides those of whales found in the mountains of Greenland. That this great rush of waters was from the south or south-east is farther evident, he thinks, from the south and south-east sides of almost all great mountains being much steeper than their north or north-west sides, as they necessarily would be if the force of a great body of water fell upon them in that direction." On a subject like this men may innocently differ. Many think the first opinion accords best with the Hebrew text and with the phenomena of nature, for mountains do not always present the above appearance.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:11
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Gen 8:13
- Gen 9:29
- Gen 5:32
- Gen 1:10
- Gen 1:7
- Gen 8:1
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Philo
- Moses
- Tisri
- September
- October
- Marcheshvan
- November
- Egypt
- Nisan
- April
- Dr
- Methuselah
- Long
- Southern Ocean
- Mr
- Siberia
- Greenland
Exposition: Genesis 7:11 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'In the six hundredth year of Noah’s life, in the second month, the seventeenth day of the month, the same day were all the fountains of the great deep broken up, and the windows of heaven were opened.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:12
Hebrew
וֽ͏ַיְהִי הַגֶּשֶׁם עַל־הָאָרֶץ אַרְבָּעִים יוֹם וְאַרְבָּעִים לָֽיְלָה׃vayehiy-hageshem-'al-ha'aretz-'areva'iym-yvom-ve'areva'iym-layelah
KJV: And the rain was upon the earth forty days and forty nights.
AKJV: And the rain was on the earth forty days and forty nights.
ASV: And the rain was upon the earth forty days and forty nights.
YLT: and the shower is on the earth forty days and forty nights.
Commentary WitnessGenesis 7:12Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Genesis 7:12
Verse 12 The rain was upon the earth - Dr. Lightfoot supposes that the rain began on the 18th day of the second month, or Marcheshvan, and that it ceased on the 28th of the third month, Cisleu.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:12
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Dr
- Marcheshvan
- Cisleu
Exposition: Genesis 7:12 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the rain was upon the earth forty days and forty nights.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:13
Hebrew
בְּעֶצֶם הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה בָּא נֹחַ וְשֵׁם־וְחָם וָיֶפֶת בְּנֵי־נֹחַ וְאֵשֶׁת נֹחַ וּשְׁלֹשֶׁת נְשֵֽׁי־בָנָיו אִתָּם אֶל־הַתֵּבָֽה׃ve'etzem-hayvom-hazeh-va'-nocha-veshem-vecham-vayefet-veney-nocha-ve'eshet-nocha-vsheloshet-neshey-vanayv-'itam-'el-hatevah
KJV: In the selfsame day entered Noah, and Shem, and Ham, and Japheth, the sons of Noah, and Noah’s wife, and the three wives of his sons with them, into the ark;
AKJV: In the selfsame day entered Noah, and Shem, and Ham, and Japheth, the sons of Noah, and Noah’s wife, and the three wives of his sons with them, into the ark;
ASV: In the selfsame day entered Noah, and Shem, and Ham, and Japheth, the sons of Noah, and Noah’s wife, and the three wives of his sons with them, into the ark;
YLT: In this self-same day went in Noah, and Shem, and Ham, and Japheth, sons of Noah, and Noah's wife and the three wives of his sons with them, unto the ark;
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 7:13Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 7:13
Genesis 7:13 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'In the selfsame day entered Noah, and Shem, and Ham, and Japheth, the sons of Noah, and Noah’s wife, and the three wives of his sons with them, into the ark;'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:13
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 7:13
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Noah
- Shem
- Ham
- Japheth
Exposition: Genesis 7:13 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'In the selfsame day entered Noah, and Shem, and Ham, and Japheth, the sons of Noah, and Noah’s wife, and the three wives of his sons with them, into the ark;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:14
Hebrew
הֵמָּה וְכָל־הֽ͏ַחַיָּה לְמִינָהּ וְכָל־הַבְּהֵמָה לְמִינָהּ וְכָל־הָרֶמֶשׂ הָרֹמֵשׂ עַל־הָאָרֶץ לְמִינֵהוּ וְכָל־הָעוֹף לְמִינֵהוּ כֹּל צִפּוֹר כָּל־כָּנָֽף׃hemah-vekhal-hachayah-lemiynah-vekhal-havehemah-lemiynah-vekhal-haremesh-haromesh-'al-ha'aretz-lemiynehv-vekhal-ha'vof-lemiynehv-khol-tzifvor-khal-khanaf
KJV: They, and every beast after his kind, and all the cattle after their kind, and every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth after his kind, and every fowl after his kind, every bird of every sort.
AKJV: They, and every beast after his kind, and all the cattle after their kind, and every creeping thing that creeps on the earth after his kind, and every fowl after his kind, every bird of every sort.
ASV: they, and every beast after its kind, and all the cattle after their kind, and every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth after its kind, and every bird after its kind, every bird of every sort.
YLT: they, and every living creature after its kind, and every beast after its kind, and every creeping thing that is creeping on the earth after its kind, and every fowl after its kind, every bird--every wing.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 7:14Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 7:14
Genesis 7:14 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'They, and every beast after his kind, and all the cattle after their kind, and every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth after his kind, and every fowl after his kind, every bird of every sort.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:14
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 7:14
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- They
Exposition: Genesis 7:14 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'They, and every beast after his kind, and all the cattle after their kind, and every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth after his kind, and every fowl after his kind, every bird of every sort.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:15
Hebrew
וַיָּבֹאוּ אֶל־נֹחַ אֶל־הַתֵּבָה שְׁנַיִם שְׁנַיִם מִכָּל־הַבָּשָׂר אֲשֶׁר־בּוֹ רוּחַ חַיִּֽים׃vayavo'v-'el-nocha-'el-hatevah-shenayim-shenayim-mikhal-havashar-'asher-vvo-rvcha-chayiym
KJV: And they went in unto Noah into the ark, two and two of all flesh, wherein is the breath of life.
AKJV: And they went in to Noah into the ark, two and two of all flesh, wherein is the breath of life.
ASV: And they went in unto Noah into the ark, two and two of all flesh wherein is the breath of life.
YLT: And they come in unto Noah, unto the ark, two by two of all the flesh in which is a living spirit;
Commentary WitnessGenesis 7:15Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Genesis 7:15
Verse 15 And they went in, etc. - It was physically impossible for Noah to have collected such a vast number of tame and ferocious animals, nor could they have been retained in their wards by mere natural means. How then were they brought from various distances to the ark and preserved there? Only by the power of God. He who first miraculously brought them to Adam that he might give them their names, now brings them to Noah that he may preserve their lives. And now we may reasonably suppose that their natural enmity was so far removed or suspended that the lion might dwell with the lamb, and the wolf lie down with the kid, though each might still require his peculiar aliment. This can be no difficulty to the power of God, without the immediate interposition of which neither the deluge nor the concomitant circumstances could have taken place.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:15
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Genesis 7:15 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they went in unto Noah into the ark, two and two of all flesh, wherein is the breath of life.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:16
Hebrew
וְהַבָּאִים זָכָר וּנְקֵבָה מִכָּל־בָּשָׂר בָּאוּ כּֽ͏ַאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה אֹתוֹ אֱלֹהִים וַיִּסְגֹּר יְהוָה בּֽ͏ַעֲדֽוֹ׃vehava'iym-zakhar-vneqevah-mikhal-vashar-va'v-kha'asher-tzivah-'otvo-'elohiym-vayisegor-yehvah-va'advo
KJV: And they that went in, went in male and female of all flesh, as God had commanded him: and the LORD shut him in.
AKJV: And they that went in, went in male and female of all flesh, as God had commanded him: and the LORD shut him in.
ASV: And they that went in, went in male and female of all flesh, as God commanded him: and Jehovah shut him in.
YLT: and they that are coming in, male and female of all flesh, have come in as God hath commanded him, and Jehovah doth close it for him.
Commentary WitnessGenesis 7:16Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Genesis 7:16
Verse 16 The Lord shut him in - This seems to imply that God took him under his especial protection, and as he shut Him in, so he shut the Others out. God had waited one hundred and twenty years upon that generation; they did not repent; they filled up the measure of their iniquities, and then wrath came upon them to the uttermost.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:16
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Genesis 7:16 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they that went in, went in male and female of all flesh, as God had commanded him: and the LORD shut him in.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:17
Hebrew
וֽ͏ַיְהִי הַמַּבּוּל אַרְבָּעִים יוֹם עַל־הָאָרֶץ וַיִּרְבּוּ הַמַּיִם וַיִּשְׂאוּ אֶת־הַתֵּבָה וַתָּרָם מֵעַל הָאָֽרֶץ׃vayehiy-hamavvl-'areva'iym-yvom-'al-ha'aretz-vayirevv-hamayim-vayishe'v-'et-hatevah-vataram-me'al-ha'aretz
KJV: And the flood was forty days upon the earth; and the waters increased, and bare up the ark, and it was lift up above the earth.
AKJV: And the flood was forty days on the earth; and the waters increased, and bore up the ark, and it was lift up above the earth.
ASV: And the flood was forty days upon the earth; and the waters increased, and bare up the ark, and it was lifted up above the earth.
YLT: And the deluge is forty days on the earth, and the waters multiply, and lift up the ark, and it is raised up from off the earth;
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 7:17Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 7:17
Genesis 7:17 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And the flood was forty days upon the earth; and the waters increased, and bare up the ark, and it was lift up above the earth.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:17
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 7:17
Exposition: Genesis 7:17 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the flood was forty days upon the earth; and the waters increased, and bare up the ark, and it was lift up above the earth.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:18
Hebrew
וַיִּגְבְּרוּ הַמַּיִם וַיִּרְבּוּ מְאֹד עַל־הָאָרֶץ וַתֵּלֶךְ הַתֵּבָה עַל־פְּנֵי הַמָּֽיִם׃vayigeverv-hamayim-vayirevv-me'od-'al-ha'aretz-vatelekhe-hatevah-'al-feney-hamayim
KJV: And the waters prevailed, and were increased greatly upon the earth; and the ark went upon the face of the waters.
AKJV: And the waters prevailed, and were increased greatly on the earth; and the ark went on the face of the waters.
ASV: And the waters prevailed, and increased greatly upon the earth; and the ark went upon the face of the waters.
YLT: and the waters are mighty, and multiply exceedingly upon the earth; and the ark goeth on the face of the waters.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 7:18Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 7:18
Genesis 7:18 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And the waters prevailed, and were increased greatly upon the earth; and the ark went upon the face of the waters.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:18
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 7:18
Exposition: Genesis 7:18 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the waters prevailed, and were increased greatly upon the earth; and the ark went upon the face of the waters.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:19
Hebrew
וְהַמַּיִם גָּֽבְרוּ מְאֹד מְאֹד עַל־הָאָרֶץ וַיְכֻסּוּ כָּל־הֽ͏ֶהָרִים הַגְּבֹהִים אֲשֶׁר־תַּחַת כָּל־הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃vehamayim-gaverv-me'od-me'od-'al-ha'aretz-vayekhusv-khal-hehariym-hagevohiym-'asher-tachat-khal-hashamayim
KJV: And the waters prevailed exceedingly upon the earth; and all the high hills, that were under the whole heaven, were covered.
AKJV: And the waters prevailed exceedingly on the earth; and all the high hills, that were under the whole heaven, were covered.
ASV: And the waters prevailed exceedingly upon the earth; and all the high mountains that were under the whole heaven were covered.
YLT: And the waters have been very very mighty on the earth, and covered are all the high mountains which are under the whole heavens;
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 7:19Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 7:19
Genesis 7:19 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And the waters prevailed exceedingly upon the earth; and all the high hills, that were under the whole heaven, were covered.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:19
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 7:19
Exposition: Genesis 7:19 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the waters prevailed exceedingly upon the earth; and all the high hills, that were under the whole heaven, were covered.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:20
Hebrew
חֲמֵשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה אַמָּה מִלְמַעְלָה גָּבְרוּ הַמָּיִם וַיְכֻסּוּ הֶהָרִֽים׃chamesh-'eshereh-'amah-milema'elah-gaverv-hamayim-vayekhusv-hehariym
KJV: Fifteen cubits upward did the waters prevail; and the mountains were covered.
AKJV: Fifteen cubits upward did the waters prevail; and the mountains were covered.
ASV: Fifteen cubits upward did the waters prevail; and the mountains were covered.
YLT: fifteen cubits upwards have the waters become mighty, and the mountains are covered;
Commentary WitnessGenesis 7:20Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Genesis 7:20
Verse 20 Fifteen cubits upward - Should any person object to the universality of the deluge because he may imagine there is not water sufficient to drown the whole globe in the manner here related, he may find a most satisfactory answer to all the objections he can raise on this ground in Mr. Ray's Physico-theological Discourses, 2d edit., 8vo., 1693.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:20
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Ray
- Mr
- Discourses
Exposition: Genesis 7:20 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Fifteen cubits upward did the waters prevail; and the mountains were covered.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:21
Hebrew
וַיִּגְוַע כָּל־בָּשָׂר ׀ הָרֹמֵשׂ עַל־הָאָרֶץ בָּעוֹף וּבַבְּהֵמָה וּבַחַיָּה וּבְכָל־הַשֶּׁרֶץ הַשֹּׁרֵץ עַל־הָאָרֶץ וְכֹל הָאָדָֽם׃vayigeva'-khal-vashar- -haromesh-'al-ha'aretz-va'vof-vvavehemah-vvachayah-vvekhal-hasheretz-hashoretz-'al-ha'aretz-vekhol-ha'adam
KJV: And all flesh died that moved upon the earth, both of fowl, and of cattle, and of beast, and of every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth, and every man:
AKJV: And all flesh died that moved on the earth, both of fowl, and of cattle, and of beast, and of every creeping thing that creeps on the earth, and every man:
ASV: And all flesh died that moved upon the earth, both birds, and cattle, and beasts, and every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth, and every man:
YLT: and expire doth all flesh that is moving on the earth, among fowl, and among cattle, and among beasts, and among all the teeming things which are teeming on the earth, and all mankind;
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 7:21Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 7:21
Genesis 7:21 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And all flesh died that moved upon the earth, both of fowl, and of cattle, and of beast, and of every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth, and every man:'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:21
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 7:21
Exposition: Genesis 7:21 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And all flesh died that moved upon the earth, both of fowl, and of cattle, and of beast, and of every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth, and every man:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:22
Hebrew
כֹּל אֲשֶׁר נִשְׁמַת־רוּחַ חַיִּים בְּאַפָּיו מִכֹּל אֲשֶׁר בֶּחָֽרָבָה מֵֽתוּ׃khol-'asher-nishemat-rvcha-chayiym-ve'afayv-mikhol-'asher-vecharavah-metv
KJV: All in whose nostrils was the breath of life, of all that was in the dry land, died.
AKJV: All in whose nostrils was the breath of life, of all that was in the dry land, died.
ASV: all in whose nostrils was the breath of the spirit of life, of all that was on the dry land, died.
YLT: all in whose nostrils is breath of a living spirit--of all that is in the dry land--have died.
Commentary WitnessGenesis 7:22Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Genesis 7:22
Verse 22 Of all that was in the dry land - From this we may conclude that such animals only as could not live in the water were preserved in the ark.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:22
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Genesis 7:22 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'All in whose nostrils was the breath of life, of all that was in the dry land, died.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:23
Hebrew
וַיִּמַח אֶֽת־כָּל־הַיְקוּם ׀ אֲשֶׁר ׀ עַל־פְּנֵי הֽ͏ָאֲדָמָה מֵאָדָם עַד־בְּהֵמָה עַד־רֶמֶשׂ וְעַד־עוֹף הַשָּׁמַיִם וַיִּמָּחוּ מִן־הָאָרֶץ וַיִשָּׁאֶר אַךְ־נֹחַ וֽ͏ַאֲשֶׁר אִתּוֹ בַּתֵּבָֽה׃vayimach-'et-khal-hayeqvm- -'asher- -'al-feney-ha'adamah-me'adam-'ad-vehemah-'ad-remesh-ve'ad-'vof-hashamayim-vayimachv-min-ha'aretz-vayisha'er-'akhe-nocha-va'asher-'itvo-vatevah
KJV: And every living substance was destroyed which was upon the face of the ground, both man, and cattle, and the creeping things, and the fowl of the heaven; and they were destroyed from the earth: and Noah only remained alive, and they that were with him in the ark.
AKJV: And every living substance was destroyed which was on the face of the ground, both man, and cattle, and the creeping things, and the fowl of the heaven; and they were destroyed from the earth: and Noah only remained alive, and they that were with him in the ark.
ASV: And every living thing was destroyed that was upon the face of the ground, both man, and cattle, and creeping things, and birds of the heavens; and they were destroyed from the earth: and Noah only was left, and they that were with him in the ark.
YLT: And wiped away is all the substance that is on the face of the ground, from man unto beast, unto creeping thing, and unto fowl of the heavens; yea, they are wiped away from the earth, and only Noah is left, and those who are with him in the ark;
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 7:23Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 7:23
Genesis 7:23 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And every living substance was destroyed which was upon the face of the ground, both man, and cattle, and the creeping things, and the fowl of the heaven; and they were destroyed from the earth: and Noah only remained alive, and they that were with him in the ark.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:23
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 7:23
Exposition: Genesis 7:23 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And every living substance was destroyed which was upon the face of the ground, both man, and cattle, and the creeping things, and the fowl of the heaven; and they were destroyed from the earth: and Noah only remained...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 7:24
Hebrew
וַיִּגְבְּרוּ הַמַּיִם עַל־הָאָרֶץ חֲמִשִּׁים וּמְאַת יֽוֹם׃vayigeverv-hamayim-'al-ha'aretz-chamishiym-vme'at-yvom
KJV: And the waters prevailed upon the earth an hundred and fifty days.
AKJV: And the waters prevailed on the earth an hundred and fifty days.
ASV: And the waters prevailed upon the earth a hundred and fifty days.
YLT: and the waters are mighty on the earth a hundred and fifty days.
Commentary WitnessGenesis 7:24Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Genesis 7:24
Verse 24 And the waters prevailed upon the earth a hundred and fifty days - The breaking up of the fountains of the great deep, and the raining forty days and nights, had raised the waters fifteen cubits above the highest mountains; after which forty days it appears to have continued at this height for one hundred and fifty days more. "So," says Dr. Lightfoot, "these two sums are to be reckoned distinct, and not the forty days included in the one hundred and fifty; so that when the one hundred and fifty days were ended, there were six months and ten days of the flood past." For an improvement of this awful judgment, see the conclusion of the following chapter, Gen 8:22 (note).
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:24
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Gen 8:22
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- So
- Dr
- Lightfoot
Exposition: Genesis 7:24 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the waters prevailed upon the earth an hundred and fifty days.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Citation trailOpen the commentary counts, references, and named sources.
Scholarly apparatus
Commentary citation index
This chapter now surfaces commentary as quoted witness material with an explicit citation trail. The index below gathers the canonical references and named authorities detected inside the commentary layer for faster academic review.
Direct commentary witnesses
10
Generated editorial witnesses
14
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Canonical references surfaced in commentary
- Gen 7:1-4
- Gen 7:5-9
- Gen 7:10-12
- Gen 7:13-16
- Gen 7:17
- Gen 7:18-20
- Gen 7:21-23
- Gen 7:24
- Gen 6:8
- Genesis 7:1
- Genesis 7:2
- Genesis 7:3
- 1Kgs 19:8
- Mat 4:2
- Gen 6:3
- Genesis 7:4
- Genesis 7:5
- Genesis 7:6
- Genesis 7:7
- Genesis 7:8
- Genesis 7:9
- Genesis 7:10
- Gen 8:13
- Gen 9:29
- Gen 5:32
- Gen 1:10
- Gen 1:7
- Gen 8:1
- Genesis 7:11
- Genesis 7:12
- Genesis 7:13
- Genesis 7:14
- Genesis 7:15
- Genesis 7:16
- Genesis 7:17
- Genesis 7:18
- Genesis 7:19
- Genesis 7:20
- Genesis 7:21
- Genesis 7:22
- Genesis 7:23
- Gen 8:22
- Genesis 7:24
Named authorities or texts surfaced in commentary
- Noah
- Moses
- Elijah
- Lord
- Lent
- Philo
- Tisri
- September
- October
- Marcheshvan
- November
- Egypt
- Nisan
- April
- Dr
- Methuselah
- Long
- Southern Ocean
- Mr
- Siberia
- Greenland
- Cisleu
- Shem
- Ham
- Japheth
- They
- Ray
- Discourses
- So
- Lightfoot
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Commentary Witness
Genesis 7:1
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Genesis 7:1
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness