Apologetics Bible
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The Hebrew title בְּרֵאשִׁית (B'reishit — "In the beginning") identifies Genesis as the Ur-document of all biblical revelation. Moses compiled and wrote Genesis under divine inspiration (affirmed by Jesus in John 5:46; Luke 24:27), drawing on earlier written and oral sources (toledot records).
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Connected primary witness
- Connected ID:
Genesis_8
- Primary Witness Text: And God remembered Noah, and every living thing, and all the cattle that was with him in the ark: and God made a wind to pass over the earth, and the waters asswaged; The fountains also of the deep and the windows of heaven were stopped, and the rain from heaven was restrained; And the waters returned from off the earth continually: and after the end of the hundred and fifty days the waters were abated. And the ark rested in the seventh month, on the seventeenth day of the month, upon the mountains of Ararat. And the waters decreased continually until the tenth month: in the tenth month, on the first day of the month, were the tops of the mountains seen. And it came to pass at the end of forty days, that Noah opened the window of the ark which he had made: And he sent forth a raven, which went forth to and fro, until the waters were dried up from off the earth. Also he sent forth a dove from him, to see if the waters were abated from off the face of the ground; But the dove found no rest for the sole of her foot, and she returned unto him into the ark, for the waters were on the face of the whole earth: then he put forth his hand, and took her, and pulled her in unto him into the ark. And he stayed yet other seven days; and again he sent forth the dove out of the ark; And the dove came in to him in the evening; and, lo, in her mouth was an olive leaf pluckt off: so Noah knew that the waters were abated from off the earth. And he stayed yet other seven days; and sent forth the...
Connected dataset overlay
- Connected ID:
Genesis_8
- Chapter Blob Preview: And God remembered Noah, and every living thing, and all the cattle that was with him in the ark: and God made a wind to pass over the earth, and the waters asswaged; The fountains also of the deep and the windows of heaven were stopped, and the rain from heaven was restrained; And the waters returned from off the earth continually: and after the end of the hundred and fifty da...
Chapter frameStart here before opening notes.
Chapter frame
The Hebrew title בְּרֵאשִׁית (B'reishit — "In the beginning") identifies Genesis as the Ur-document of all biblical revelation. Moses compiled and wrote Genesis under divine inspiration (affirmed by Jesus in John 5:46; Luke 24:27), drawing on earlier written and oral sources (toledot records).
Genesis addresses the deepest human questions: Origin, Identity, Fall, and Hope. Its apologetics force lies in presenting monotheistic creation, human dignity, the origin of evil, and the first redemptive promise (3:15) — each revolutionary in its ancient Near Eastern context where polytheism, fatalism, and cyclical time dominated all rival cosmologies.
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Genesis 8:1
Hebrew
וַיִּזְכֹּר אֱלֹהִים אֶת־נֹחַ וְאֵת כָּל־הֽ͏ַחַיָּה וְאֶת־כָּל־הַבְּהֵמָה אֲשֶׁר אִתּוֹ בַּתֵּבָה וַיַּעֲבֵר אֱלֹהִים רוּחַ עַל־הָאָרֶץ וַיָּשֹׁכּוּ הַמָּֽיִם׃vayizekhor-'elohiym-'et-nocha-ve'et-khal-hachayah-ve'et-khal-havehemah-'asher-'itvo-vatevah-vaya'aver-'elohiym-rvcha-'al-ha'aretz-vayashokhv-hamayim
KJV: And God remembered Noah, and every living thing, and all the cattle that was with him in the ark: and God made a wind to pass over the earth, and the waters asswaged;
AKJV: And God remembered Noah, and every living thing, and all the cattle that was with him in the ark: and God made a wind to pass over the earth, and the waters assuaged;
ASV: And God remembered Noah, and all the beasts, and all the cattle that were with him in the ark: and God made a wind to pass over the earth, and the waters assuaged;
YLT: And God remembereth Noah, and every living thing, and all the cattle which are with him in the ark, and God causeth a wind to pass over the earth, and the waters subside,
Exposition: Genesis 8:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And God remembered Noah, and every living thing, and all the cattle that was with him in the ark: and God made a wind to pass over the earth, and the waters asswaged;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 8:2
Hebrew
וַיִּסָּֽכְרוּ מַעְיְנֹת תְּהוֹם וֽ͏ַאֲרֻבֹּת הַשָּׁמָיִם וַיִּכָּלֵא הַגֶּשֶׁם מִן־הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃vayisakherv-ma'eyenot-tehvom-va'aruvot-hashamayim-vayikhale'-hageshem-min-hashamayim
KJV: The fountains also of the deep and the windows of heaven were stopped, and the rain from heaven was restrained;
AKJV: The fountains also of the deep and the windows of heaven were stopped, and the rain from heaven was restrained;
ASV: the fountains also of the deep and the windows of heaven were stopped, and the rain from heaven was restrained;
YLT: and closed are the fountains of the deep and the net-work of the heavens, and restrained is the shower from the heavens.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 8:2Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 8:2
Genesis 8:2 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'The fountains also of the deep and the windows of heaven were stopped, and the rain from heaven was restrained;'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:2
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 8:2
Exposition: Genesis 8:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'The fountains also of the deep and the windows of heaven were stopped, and the rain from heaven was restrained;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 8:3
Hebrew
וַיָּשֻׁבוּ הַמַּיִם מֵעַל הָאָרֶץ הָלוֹךְ וָשׁוֹב וַיַּחְסְרוּ הַמַּיִם מִקְצֵה חֲמִשִּׁים וּמְאַת יֽוֹם׃vayashuvv-hamayim-me'al-ha'aretz-halvokhe-vashvov-vayacheserv-hamayim-miqetzeh-chamishiym-vme'at-yvom
KJV: And the waters returned from off the earth continually: and after the end of the hundred and fifty days the waters were abated.
AKJV: And the waters returned from off the earth continually: and after the end of the hundred and fifty days the waters were abated.
ASV: and the waters returned from off the earth continually: and after the end of a hundred and fifty days the waters decreased.
YLT: And turn back do the waters from off the earth, going on and returning; and the waters are lacking at the end of a hundred and fifty days.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 8:3Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 8:3
Genesis 8:3 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And the waters returned from off the earth continually: and after the end of the hundred and fifty days the waters were abated.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:3
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 8:3
Exposition: Genesis 8:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the waters returned from off the earth continually: and after the end of the hundred and fifty days the waters were abated.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 8:4
Hebrew
וַתָּנַח הַתֵּבָה בַּחֹדֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִי בְּשִׁבְעָה־עָשָׂר יוֹם לַחֹדֶשׁ עַל הָרֵי אֲרָרָֽט׃vatanach-hatevah-vachodesh-hasheviy'iy-veshive'ah-'ashar-yvom-lachodesh-'al-harey-'ararat
KJV: And the ark rested in the seventh month, on the seventeenth day of the month, upon the mountains of Ararat.
AKJV: And the ark rested in the seventh month, on the seventeenth day of the month, on the mountains of Ararat.
ASV: And the ark rested in the seventh month, on the seventeenth day of the month, upon the mountains of Ararat.
YLT: And the ark resteth, in the seventh month, in the seventeenth day of the month, on mountains of Ararat;
Commentary WitnessGenesis 8:4Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Genesis 8:4
Verse 4 The mountains of Ararat - That Ararat was a mountain of Armenia is almost universally agreed. What is commonly thought to be the Ararat of the Scriptures, has been visited by many travelers, and on it there are several monasteries. For a long time the world has been amused with reports that the remains of the ark were still visible there; but Mr. Tournefort, a famous French naturalist, who was on the spot, assures us that nothing of the kind is there to be seen. As there is a great chain of mountains which are called by this name, it is impossible to determine on what part of them the ark rested; but the highest part, called by some the finger mountain, has been fixed on as the most likely place. These things we must leave, and they are certainly of very little consequence. From the circumstance of the resting of the ark on the 17th of the seventh month, Dr. Lightfoot draws this curious conclusion: That the ark drew exactly eleven cubits of water. On the first day of the month Ab the mountain tops were first seen, and then the waters had fallen fifteen cubits; for so high had they prevailed above the tops of the mountains. This decrease in the waters took up sixty days, namely, from the first of Sivan; so that they appear to have abated in the proportion of one cubit in four days. On the 16th of Sivan they had abated but four cubits; and yet on the next day the ark rested on one of the hills, when the waters must have been as yet eleven cubits above it. Thus it appears that the ark drew eleven cubits of water.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:4
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Scriptures
- Mr
- Tournefort
- Dr
- Sivan
Exposition: Genesis 8:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the ark rested in the seventh month, on the seventeenth day of the month, upon the mountains of Ararat.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 8:5
Hebrew
וְהַמַּיִם הָיוּ הָלוֹךְ וְחָסוֹר עַד הַחֹדֶשׁ הֽ͏ָעֲשִׂירִי בּֽ͏ָעֲשִׂירִי בְּאֶחָד לַחֹדֶשׁ נִרְאוּ רָאשֵׁי הֽ͏ֶהָרִֽים׃vehamayim-hayv-halvokhe-vechasvor-'ad-hachodesh-ha'ashiyriy-va'ashiyriy-ve'echad-lachodesh-nire'v-ra'shey-hehariym
KJV: And the waters decreased continually until the tenth month: in the tenth month, on the first day of the month, were the tops of the mountains seen.
AKJV: And the waters decreased continually until the tenth month: in the tenth month, on the first day of the month, were the tops of the mountains seen. ¶
ASV: And the waters decreased continually until the tenth month: in the tenth month, on the first day of the month, were the tops of the mountains seen.
YLT: and the waters have been going and becoming lacking till the tenth month; in the tenth month , on the first of the month, appeared the heads of the mountains.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 8:5Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 8:5
Genesis 8:5 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And the waters decreased continually until the tenth month: in the tenth month, on the first day of the month, were the tops of the mountains seen.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:5
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 8:5
Exposition: Genesis 8:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the waters decreased continually until the tenth month: in the tenth month, on the first day of the month, were the tops of the mountains seen.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 8:6
Hebrew
וֽ͏ַיְהִי מִקֵּץ אַרְבָּעִים יוֹם וַיִּפְתַּח נֹחַ אֶת־חַלּוֹן הַתֵּבָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָֽׂה׃vayehiy-miqetz-'areva'iym-yvom-vayifetach-nocha-'et-chalvon-hatevah-'asher-'ashah
KJV: And it came to pass at the end of forty days, that Noah opened the window of the ark which he had made:
AKJV: And it came to pass at the end of forty days, that Noah opened the window of the ark which he had made:
ASV: And it came to pass at the end of forty days, that Noah opened the window of the ark which he had made:
YLT: And it cometh to pass, at the end of forty days, that Noah openeth the window of the ark which he made,
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 8:6Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 8:6
Genesis 8:6 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And it came to pass at the end of forty days, that Noah opened the window of the ark which he had made:'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:6
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 8:6
Exposition: Genesis 8:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And it came to pass at the end of forty days, that Noah opened the window of the ark which he had made:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 8:7
Hebrew
וַיְשַׁלַּח אֶת־הֽ͏ָעֹרֵב וַיֵּצֵא יָצוֹא וָשׁוֹב עַד־יְבֹשֶׁת הַמַּיִם מֵעַל הָאָֽרֶץ׃vayeshalach-'et-ha'orev-vayetze'-yatzvo'-vashvov-'ad-yevoshet-hamayim-me'al-ha'aretz
KJV: And he sent forth a raven, which went forth to and fro, until the waters were dried up from off the earth.
AKJV: And he sent forth a raven, which went forth to and fro, until the waters were dried up from off the earth.
ASV: and he sent forth a raven, and it went forth to and fro, until the waters were dried up from off the earth.
YLT: and he sendeth forth the raven, and it goeth out, going out and turning back till the drying of the waters from off the earth.
Commentary WitnessGenesis 8:7Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Genesis 8:7
Verse 7 He sent forth a raven, which went forth to and fro - It is generally supposed that the raven flew off, and was seen no more, but this meaning the Hebrew text will not bear; ויצא יצוא ושוב vaiyetse yatso vashob, and it went forth, going forth and returning. From which it is evident that she did return, but was not taken into the ark. She made frequent excursions, and continued on the wing as long as she could, having picked up such aliment as she found floating on the waters; and then, to rest herself, regained the ark, where she might perch, though she was not admitted. Indeed this must be allowed, as it is impossible she could have continued twenty one days upon the wing, which she must have done had she not returned. But the text itself is sufficiently determinate.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:7
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Genesis 8:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he sent forth a raven, which went forth to and fro, until the waters were dried up from off the earth.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 8:8
Hebrew
וַיְשַׁלַּח אֶת־הַיּוֹנָה מֵאִתּוֹ לִרְאוֹת הֲקַלּוּ הַמַּיִם מֵעַל פְּנֵי הֽ͏ָאֲדָמָֽה׃vayeshalach-'et-hayvonah-me'itvo-lire'vot-haqalv-hamayim-me'al-feney-ha'adamah
KJV: Also he sent forth a dove from him, to see if the waters were abated from off the face of the ground;
AKJV: Also he sent forth a dove from him, to see if the waters were abated from off the face of the ground;
ASV: And he sent forth a dove from him, to see if the waters were abated from off the face of the ground;
YLT: And he sendeth forth the dove from him to see whether the waters have been lightened from off the face of the ground,
Commentary WitnessGenesis 8:8Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Genesis 8:8
Verse 8 He sent forth a dove - The dove was sent forth thrice; the first time she speedily returned, having, in all probability, gone but a little way from the ark, as she must naturally be terrified at the appearance of the waters. After seven days, being sent out a second time, she returned with an olive leaf pluckt off, Gen 8:11, an emblem of the restoration of peace between God and the earth; and from this circumstance the olive has been the emblem of peace among all civilized nations. At the end of the other seven days the dove being sent out the third time, returned no more, from which Noah conjectured that the earth was now sufficiently drained, and therefore removed the covering of the ark, which probably gave liberty to many of the fowls to fly off, which circumstance would afford him the greater facility in making arrangements for disembarking the beasts and reptiles, and heavy-bodied domestic fowls, which might yet remain. See Gen 8:17.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:8
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Gen 8:11
- Gen 8:17
Exposition: Genesis 8:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Also he sent forth a dove from him, to see if the waters were abated from off the face of the ground;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 8:9
Hebrew
וְלֹֽא־מָצְאָה הַיּוֹנָה מָנוֹחַ לְכַף־רַגְלָהּ וַתָּשָׁב אֵלָיו אֶל־הַתֵּבָה כִּי־מַיִם עַל־פְּנֵי כָל־הָאָרֶץ וַיִּשְׁלַח יָדוֹ וַיִּקָּחֶהָ וַיָּבֵא אֹתָהּ אֵלָיו אֶל־הַתֵּבָֽה׃velo'-matze'ah-hayvonah-manvocha-lekhaf-ragelah-vatashav-'elayv-'el-hatevah-khiy-mayim-'al-feney-khal-ha'aretz-vayishelach-yadvo-vayiqacheha-vayave'-'otah-'elayv-'el-hatevah
KJV: But the dove found no rest for the sole of her foot, and she returned unto him into the ark, for the waters were on the face of the whole earth: then he put forth his hand, and took her, and pulled her in unto him into the ark.
AKJV: But the dove found no rest for the sole of her foot, and she returned to him into the ark, for the waters were on the face of the whole earth: then he put forth his hand, and took her, and pulled her in to him into the ark.
ASV: but the dove found no rest for the sole of her foot, and she returned unto him to the ark; for the waters were on the face of the whole earth: and he put forth his hand, and took her, and brought her in unto him into the ark.
YLT: and the dove hath not found rest for the sole of her foot, and she turneth back unto him, unto the ark, for waters are on the face of all the earth, and he putteth out his hand, and taketh her, and bringeth her in unto him, unto the ark.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 8:9Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 8:9
Genesis 8:9 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'But the dove found no rest for the sole of her foot, and she returned unto him into the ark, for the waters were on the face of the whole earth: then he put forth his hand, and took her, and pulled her in unto him into the ark.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:9
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 8:9
Exposition: Genesis 8:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But the dove found no rest for the sole of her foot, and she returned unto him into the ark, for the waters were on the face of the whole earth: then he put forth his hand, and took her, and pulled her in unto him int...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 8:10
Hebrew
וַיָּחֶל עוֹד שִׁבְעַת יָמִים אֲחֵרִים וַיֹּסֶף שַׁלַּח אֶת־הַיּוֹנָה מִן־הַתֵּבָֽה׃vayachel-'vod-shive'at-yamiym-'acheriym-vayosef-shalach-'et-hayvonah-min-hatevah
KJV: And he stayed yet other seven days; and again he sent forth the dove out of the ark;
AKJV: And he stayed yet other seven days; and again he sent forth the dove out of the ark;
ASV: And he stayed yet other seven days; and again he sent forth the dove out of the ark;
YLT: And he stayeth yet other seven days, and addeth to send forth the dove from the ark;
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 8:10Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 8:10
Genesis 8:10 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And he stayed yet other seven days; and again he sent forth the dove out of the ark;'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:10
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 8:10
Exposition: Genesis 8:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he stayed yet other seven days; and again he sent forth the dove out of the ark;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 8:11
Hebrew
וַתָּבֹא אֵלָיו הַיּוֹנָה לְעֵת עֶרֶב וְהִנֵּה עֲלֵה־זַיִת טָרָף בְּפִיהָ וַיֵּדַע נֹחַ כִּי־קַלּוּ הַמַּיִם מֵעַל הָאָֽרֶץ׃vatavo'-'elayv-hayvonah-le'et-'erev-vehineh-'aleh-zayit-taraf-vefiyha-vayeda'-nocha-khiy-qalv-hamayim-me'al-ha'aretz
KJV: And the dove came in to him in the evening; and, lo, in her mouth was an olive leaf pluckt off: so Noah knew that the waters were abated from off the earth.
AKJV: And the dove came in to him in the evening; and, see, in her mouth was an olive leaf plucked off: so Noah knew that the waters were abated from off the earth.
ASV: and the dove came in to him at eventide; and, lo, in her mouth an olive-leaf plucked off: so Noah knew that the waters were abated from off the earth.
YLT: and the dove cometh in unto him at even-time, and lo, an olive leaf torn off in her mouth; and Noah knoweth that the waters have been lightened from off the earth.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 8:11Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 8:11
Genesis 8:11 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And the dove came in to him in the evening; and, lo, in her mouth was an olive leaf pluckt off: so Noah knew that the waters were abated from off the earth.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:11
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 8:11
Exposition: Genesis 8:11 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the dove came in to him in the evening; and, lo, in her mouth was an olive leaf pluckt off: so Noah knew that the waters were abated from off the earth.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 8:12
Hebrew
וַיִּיָּחֶל עוֹד שִׁבְעַת יָמִים אֲחֵרִים וַיְשַׁלַּח אֶת־הַיּוֹנָה וְלֹֽא־יָסְפָה שׁוּב־אֵלָיו עֽוֹד׃vayiyachel-'vod-shive'at-yamiym-'acheriym-vayeshalach-'et-hayvonah-velo'-yasefah-shvv-'elayv-'vod
KJV: And he stayed yet other seven days; and sent forth the dove; which returned not again unto him any more.
AKJV: And he stayed yet other seven days; and sent forth the dove; which returned not again to him any more. ¶
ASV: And he stayed yet other seven days, and sent forth the dove; and she returned not again unto him any more.
YLT: And he stayeth yet other seven days, and sendeth forth the dove, and it added not to turn back unto him any more.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 8:12Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 8:12
Genesis 8:12 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And he stayed yet other seven days; and sent forth the dove; which returned not again unto him any more.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:12
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 8:12
Exposition: Genesis 8:12 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he stayed yet other seven days; and sent forth the dove; which returned not again unto him any more.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 8:13
Hebrew
וֽ͏ַיְהִי בְּאַחַת וְשֵׁשׁ־מֵאוֹת שָׁנָה בּֽ͏ָרִאשׁוֹן בְּאֶחָד לַחֹדֶשׁ חָֽרְבוּ הַמַּיִם מֵעַל הָאָרֶץ וַיָּסַר נֹחַ אֶת־מִכְסֵה הַתֵּבָה וַיַּרְא וְהִנֵּה חֽ͏ָרְבוּ פְּנֵי הֽ͏ָאֲדָמָֽה׃vayehiy-ve'achat-veshesh-me'vot-shanah-vari'shvon-ve'echad-lachodesh-charevv-hamayim-me'al-ha'aretz-vayasar-nocha-'et-mikheseh-hatevah-vayare'-vehineh-charevv-feney-ha'adamah
KJV: And it came to pass in the six hundredth and first year, in the first month, the first day of the month, the waters were dried up from off the earth: and Noah removed the covering of the ark, and looked, and, behold, the face of the ground was dry.
AKJV: And it came to pass in the six hundredth and first year, in the first month, the first day of the month, the waters were dried up from off the earth: and Noah removed the covering of the ark, and looked, and, behold, the face of the ground was dry.
ASV: And it came to pass in the six hundred and first year, in the first month, the first day of the month, the waters were dried up from off the earth: and Noah removed the covering of the ark, and looked, and, behold, the face of the ground was dried.
YLT: And it cometh to pass in the six hundredth and first year, in the first month , in the first of the month, the waters have been dried from off the earth; and Noah turneth aside the covering of the ark, and looketh, and lo, the face of the ground hath been dried.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 8:13Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 8:13
Genesis 8:13 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And it came to pass in the six hundredth and first year, in the first month, the first day of the month, the waters were dried up from off the earth: and Noah removed the covering of the ark, and looked, and, behold, the face of the ground was dry.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:13
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 8:13
Exposition: Genesis 8:13 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And it came to pass in the six hundredth and first year, in the first month, the first day of the month, the waters were dried up from off the earth: and Noah removed the covering of the ark, and looked, and, behold,...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 8:14
Hebrew
וּבַחֹדֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִי בְּשִׁבְעָה וְעֶשְׂרִים יוֹם לַחֹדֶשׁ יָבְשָׁה הָאָֽרֶץ׃vvachodesh-hasheniy-veshive'ah-ve'esheriym-yvom-lachodesh-yaveshah-ha'aretz
KJV: And in the second month, on the seven and twentieth day of the month, was the earth dried.
AKJV: And in the second month, on the seven and twentieth day of the month, was the earth dried. ¶
ASV: And in the second month, on the seven and twentieth day of the month, was the earth dry.
YLT: And in the second month, in the seven and twentieth day of the month, the earth hath become dry.
Commentary WitnessGenesis 8:14Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Genesis 8:14
Verse 14 And in the second month, on the seven and twentieth day - From this it appears that Noah was in the ark a complete solar year, or three hundred and sixty-five days; for he entered the ark the 17th day of the second month, in the six hundredth year of his life, Gen 7:11, Gen 7:13, and continued in it till the 27th day of the second month, in the six hundredth and first year of his life, as we see above. The months of the ancient Hebrews were lunar; the first six consisted of thirty days each, the latter six of twenty-nine; the whole twelve months making three hundred and fifty-four days: add to this eleven days, (for though he entered the ark the preceding year on the seventeenth day of the second month, he did not come out till the twenty-seventh of the same month in the following year), which make exactly three hundred and sixty-five days, the period of a complete solar revolution; the odd hours and minutes, as being fractions of time, noncomputed, though very likely all included in the account. This year, according to the Hebrew computation, was the one thousand six hundred and fifty-seventh year from the creation; but according to the reckoning of the Septuagint it was the two thousand two hundred and forty-second, and according to Dr. Hales, the two thousand two hundred and fifty-sixth. See on Gen 11:12 (note).
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:14
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Gen 7:11
- Gen 7:13
- Gen 11:12
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Septuagint
- Dr
- Hales
Exposition: Genesis 8:14 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And in the second month, on the seven and twentieth day of the month, was the earth dried.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 8:15
Hebrew
וַיְדַבֵּר אֱלֹהִים אֶל־נֹחַ לֵאמֹֽר׃vayedaver-'elohiym-'el-nocha-le'mor
KJV: And God spake unto Noah, saying,
AKJV: And God spoke to Noah, saying,
ASV: And God spake unto Noah, saying,
YLT: And God speaketh unto Noah, saying, ‘Go out from the ark, thou, and thy wife, and thy sons, and thy sons' wives with thee;
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 8:15Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 8:15
Genesis 8:15 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And God spake unto Noah, saying,'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:15
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 8:15
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Noah
Exposition: Genesis 8:15 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And God spake unto Noah, saying,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 8:16
Hebrew
צֵא מִן־הַתֵּבָה אַתָּה וְאִשְׁתְּךָ וּבָנֶיךָ וּנְשֵֽׁי־בָנֶיךָ אִתָּֽךְ׃tze'-min-hatevah-'atah-ve'ishetekha-vvaneykha-vneshey-vaneykha-'itakhe
KJV: Go forth of the ark, thou, and thy wife, and thy sons, and thy sons’ wives with thee.
AKJV: Go forth of the ark, you, and your wife, and your sons, and your sons’ wives with you.
ASV: Go forth from the ark, thou, and thy wife, and thy sons, and thy sons’ wives with thee.
YLT: every living thing that is with thee, of all flesh, among fowl, and among cattle, and among every creeping thing which is creeping on the earth, bring out with thee;
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 8:16Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 8:16
Genesis 8:16 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Go forth of the ark, thou, and thy wife, and thy sons, and thy sons’ wives with thee.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:16
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 8:16
Exposition: Genesis 8:16 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Go forth of the ark, thou, and thy wife, and thy sons, and thy sons’ wives with thee.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 8:17
Hebrew
כָּל־הַחַיָּה אֲשֶֽׁר־אִתְּךָ מִכָּל־בָּשָׂר בָּעוֹף וּבַבְּהֵמָה וּבְכָל־הָרֶמֶשׂ הָרֹמֵשׂ עַל־הָאָרֶץ הוצא הַיְצֵא אִתָּךְ וְשֽׁ͏ָרְצוּ בָאָרֶץ וּפָרוּ וְרָבוּ עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃khal-hachayah-'asher-'itekha-mikhal-vashar-va'vof-vvavehemah-vvekhal-haremesh-haromesh-'al-ha'aretz-hvtz'-hayetze'-'itakhe-vesharetzv-va'aretz-vfarv-veravv-'al-ha'aretz
KJV: Bring forth with thee every living thing that is with thee, of all flesh, both of fowl, and of cattle, and of every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth; that they may breed abundantly in the earth, and be fruitful, and multiply upon the earth.
AKJV: Bring forth with you every living thing that is with you, of all flesh, both of fowl, and of cattle, and of every creeping thing that creeps on the earth; that they may breed abundantly in the earth, and be fruitful, and multiply on the earth.
ASV: Bring forth with thee every living thing that is with thee of all flesh, both birds, and cattle, and every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth; that they may breed abundantly in the earth, and be fruitful, and multiply upon the earth.
YLT: and they have teemed in the earth, and been fruitful, and have multiplied on the earth.'
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 8:17Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 8:17
Genesis 8:17 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Bring forth with thee every living thing that is with thee, of all flesh, both of fowl, and of cattle, and of every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth; that they may breed abundantly in the earth, and be fruitful, and multiply upon the earth.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:17
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 8:17
Exposition: Genesis 8:17 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Bring forth with thee every living thing that is with thee, of all flesh, both of fowl, and of cattle, and of every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth; that they may breed abundantly in the earth, and be frui...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 8:18
Hebrew
וַיֵּצֵא־נֹחַ וּבָנָיו וְאִשְׁתּוֹ וּנְשֵֽׁי־בָנָיו אִתּֽוֹ׃vayetze'-nocha-vvanayv-ve'ishetvo-vneshey-vanayv-'itvo
KJV: And Noah went forth, and his sons, and his wife, and his sons’ wives with him:
AKJV: And Noah went forth, and his sons, and his wife, and his sons’ wives with him:
ASV: And Noah went forth, and his sons, and his wife, and his sons’ wives with him:
YLT: And Noah goeth out, and his sons, and his wife, and his sons' wives with him;
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 8:18Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 8:18
Genesis 8:18 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And Noah went forth, and his sons, and his wife, and his sons’ wives with him:'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:18
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 8:18
Exposition: Genesis 8:18 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Noah went forth, and his sons, and his wife, and his sons’ wives with him:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 8:19
Hebrew
כָּל־הֽ͏ַחַיָּה כָּל־הָרֶמֶשׂ וְכָל־הָעוֹף כֹּל רוֹמֵשׂ עַל־הָאָרֶץ לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתֵיהֶם יָצְאוּ מִן־הַתֵּבָֽה׃khal-hachayah-khal-haremesh-vekhal-ha'vof-khol-rvomesh-'al-ha'aretz-lemishefechoteyhem-yatze'v-min-hatevah
KJV: Every beast, every creeping thing, and every fowl, and whatsoever creepeth upon the earth, after their kinds, went forth out of the ark.
AKJV: Every beast, every creeping thing, and every fowl, and whatever creeps on the earth, after their kinds, went forth out of the ark. ¶
ASV: every beast, every creeping thing, and every bird, whatsoever moveth upon the earth, after their families, went forth out of the ark.
YLT: every beast, every creeping thing, and every fowl; every creeping thing on the earth, after their families, have gone out from the ark.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Genesis 8:19Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Genesis 8:19
Genesis 8:19 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Every beast, every creeping thing, and every fowl, and whatsoever creepeth upon the earth, after their kinds, went forth out of the ark.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:19
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Genesis 8:19
Exposition: Genesis 8:19 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Every beast, every creeping thing, and every fowl, and whatsoever creepeth upon the earth, after their kinds, went forth out of the ark.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 8:20
Hebrew
וַיִּבֶן נֹחַ מִזְבֵּחַ לֽ͏ַיהוָה וַיִּקַּח מִכֹּל ׀ הַבְּהֵמָה הַטְּהוֹרָה וּמִכֹּל הָעוֹף הַטָּהֹר וַיַּעַל עֹלֹת בַּמִּזְבֵּֽחַ׃vayiven-nocha-mizevecha-layhvah-vayiqach-mikhol- -havehemah-hatehvorah-vmikhol-ha'vof-hatahor-vaya'al-'olot-vamizevecha
KJV: And Noah builded an altar unto the LORD; and took of every clean beast, and of every clean fowl, and offered burnt offerings on the altar.
AKJV: And Noah built an altar to the LORD; and took of every clean beast, and of every clean fowl, and offered burnt offerings on the altar.
ASV: And Noah builded an altar unto Jehovah, and took of every clean beast, and of every clean bird, and offered burnt-offerings on the altar.
YLT: And Noah buildeth an altar to Jehovah, and taketh of every clean beast, and of every clean fowl, and causeth burnt-offerings to ascend on the altar;
Commentary WitnessGenesis 8:20Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Genesis 8:20
Verse 20 Noah builded an altar - As we have already seen that Adam, Cain, and Abel, offered sacrifices, there can be no doubt that they had altars on which they offered them; but this, builded by Noah, is certainly the first on record. It is worthy of remark that, as the old world began with sacrifice, so also did the new. Religion or the proper mode of worshipping the Divine Being, is the invention or institution of God himself; and sacrifice, in the act and design, is the essence of religion. Without sacrifice, actually offered or implied, there never was, there never can be, any religion. Even in the heavens, a lamb is represented before the throne of God as newly slain, Rev 5:6, Rev 5:12, Rev 5:13. The design of sacrificing is two-fold: the slaying and burning of the victim point out, 1st, that the life of the sinner is forfeited to Divine justice; 2dly, that his soul deserves the fire of perdition. The Jews have a tradition that the place where Noah built his altar was the same in which the altar stood which was built by Adam, and used by Cain and Abel, and the same spot on which Abraham afterwards offered up his son Isaac. The word מזבח mizbach, which we render altar, signifies properly a place for sacrifice, as the root זבח zabach signifies simply to slay. Altar comes from the Latin altus, high or elevated, because places for sacrifice were generally either raised very high or built on the tops of hills and mountains; hence they are called high places in the Scriptures; but such were chiefly used for idolatrous purposes. Burnt-offerings - See the meaning of every kind of offering and sacrifice largely explained on Leviticus 7:1-38.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:20
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Rev 5:6
- Rev 5:12
- Rev 5:13
- Leviticus 7:1-38
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Adam
- Cain
- Abel
- Noah
- Divine Being
- Isaac
- Scriptures
Exposition: Genesis 8:20 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Noah builded an altar unto the LORD; and took of every clean beast, and of every clean fowl, and offered burnt offerings on the altar.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 8:21
Hebrew
וַיָּרַח יְהוָה אֶת־רֵיחַ הַנִּיחֹחַ וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל־לִבּוֹ לֹֽא־אֹסִף לְקַלֵּל עוֹד אֶת־הָֽאֲדָמָה בַּעֲבוּר הֽ͏ָאָדָם כִּי יֵצֶר לֵב הָאָדָם רַע מִנְּעֻרָיו וְלֹֽא־אֹסִף עוֹד לְהַכּוֹת אֶת־כָּל־חַי כּֽ͏ַאֲשֶׁר עָשִֽׂיתִי׃vayarach-yehvah-'et-reycha-haniychocha-vayo'mer-yehvah-'el-livvo-lo'-'osif-leqalel-'vod-'et-ha'adamah-va'avvr-ha'adam-khiy-yetzer-lev-ha'adam-ra'-mine'urayv-velo'-'osif-'vod-lehakhvot-'et-khal-chay-kha'asher-'ashiytiy
KJV: And the LORD smelled a sweet savour; and the LORD said in his heart, I will not again curse the ground any more for man’s sake; for the imagination of man’s heart is evil from his youth; neither will I again smite any more every thing living, as I have done.
AKJV: And the LORD smelled a sweet smell; and the LORD said in his heart, I will not again curse the ground any more for man’s sake; for the imagination of man’s heart is evil from his youth; neither will I again smite any more every thing living, as I have done.
ASV: And Jehovah smelled the sweet savor; and Jehovah said in his heart, I will not again curse the ground any more for man’s sake, for that the imagination of man’s heart is evil from his youth; neither will I again smite any more everything living, as I have done.
YLT: and Jehovah smelleth the sweet fragrance, and Jehovah saith unto His heart, ‘I continue not to disesteem any more the ground because of man, though the imagination of the heart of man is evil from his youth; and I continue not to smite any more all living, as I have done;
Commentary WitnessGenesis 8:21Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Genesis 8:21
Verse 21 The Lord smelled a sweet savor - That is, he was well pleased with this religious act, performed in obedience to his own appointment, and in faith of the promised Savior. That this sacrifice prefigured that which was offered by our blessed Redeemer in behalf of the world, is sufficiently evident from the words of St. Paul, Eph 5:2 : Christ hath loved us, and given himself for its an offering and a sacrifice to God for a Sweet-Smelling Savor; where the words οσμην ευωδιας of the apostle are the very words used by the Septuagint in this place. I will not again curse the ground - לא אסף lo osiph, I will not add to curse the ground - there shall not be another deluge to destroy the whole earth: for the imagination of man's heart, כי ki, Although the imagination of man's heart should be evil, i.e. should they become afterwards as evil as they have been before, I will not destroy the earth by a Flood. God has other means of destruction; and the next time he visits by a general judgment, Fire is to be the agent. 2Pet 3:7.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:21
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Eph 5:2
- 2Pet 3:7
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Septuagint
- Savior
- St
- Paul
- Smelling Savor
- Flood
Exposition: Genesis 8:21 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the LORD smelled a sweet savour; and the LORD said in his heart, I will not again curse the ground any more for man’s sake; for the imagination of man’s heart is evil from his youth; neither will I again smite any...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Genesis 8:22
Hebrew
עֹד כָּל־יְמֵי הָאָרֶץ זֶרַע וְקָצִיר וְקֹר וָחֹם וְקַיִץ וָחֹרֶף וְיוֹם וָלַיְלָה לֹא יִשְׁבֹּֽתוּ׃'od-khal-yemey-ha'aretz-zera'-veqatziyr-veqor-vachom-veqayitz-vachoref-veyvom-valayelah-lo'-yishevotv
KJV: While the earth remaineth, seedtime and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night shall not cease.
AKJV: While the earth remains, seedtime and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night shall not cease.
ASV: While the earth remaineth, seedtime and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night shall not cease.
YLT: during all days of the earth, seed-time and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night, do not cease.'
Commentary WitnessGenesis 8:22Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Genesis 8:22
Verse 22 While the earth remaineth, seed-time and harvest, etc. - There is something very expressive in the original, עד כל ימי הארץ od col yemey haarets, until all the Days of the earth; for God does not reckon its duration by centuries, and the words themselves afford a strong presumption that the earth shall not have an endless duration. Seed-time and harvest - It is very probable that the seasons, which were distinctly marked immediately after the deluge, are mentioned in this place; but it is difficult to ascertain them. Most European nations divide the year into four distinct parts, called quarters or seasons; but there are six divisions in the text, and probably all intended to describe the seasons in one of these postdiluvian years, particularly in that part of the globe, Armenia, where Noah was when God gave him, and mankind through him, this gracious promise. From the Targum of Jonathan on this verse we learn that in Palestine their seed-time was in September, at the autumnal equinox; their harvest in March, at the vernal equinox; that their winter began in December, at the solstice; and their summer at the solstice in June. The Copts begin their autumn on the 15th of September, and extend it to the 15th of December. Their winter on the 15th of December, and extend it to the 15th of March. Their spring on the 15th of March, and extend it to the 15th of June. Their summer on the 15th of June, and extend it to the 15th of September, assigning to each season three complete months. Calmet. There are certainly regions of the earth to which neither this nor our own mode of division can apply: there are some where summer and winter appear to divide the whole year, and others where, besides summer, winter, autumn, and spring, there are distinct seasons that may be denominated the hot season, the cold season, the rainy season, etc., etc. This is a very merciful promise to the inhabitants of the earth. There may be a variety in the seasons, but no season essentially necessary to vegetation shall utterly fail. The times which are of greatest consequence to the preservation of man are distinctly noted; there shall be both seed-time and harvest - a proper time to deposit the different grain in the earth, and a proper time to reap the produce of this seed. Thus ends the account of the general deluge, its cause, circumstances, and consequences. An account that seems to say to us, Behold the goodness and severity of God! Both his justice and long-suffering are particularly marked in this astonishing event. His justice, in the punishment of the incorrigibly wicked, and his mercy, in giving them so fair and full a warning, and in waiting so long to extend his grace to all who might seek him. Such a convincing proof has the destruction of the world by water given of the Divine justice, such convincing testimony of the truth of the sacred writings, that not only every part of the earth gives testimony of this extraordinary revolution, but also every nation of the universe has preserved records or traditions of this awful display of the justice of God. A multitude of testimonies, collected from the most authentic sources in the heathen world, I had intended for insertion in this place, but want of room obliges me to lay them aside. But the state of the earth itself is a sufficient proof. Every part of it bears unequivocal evidence of disruption and violence. From the hand of the God of order it never could have proceeded in its present state. In every part we see marks of the crimes of men, and of the justice of God. And shall not the living lay this to heart? Surely God is not mocked; that which a man soweth he shall reap. He who soweth to the flesh shall of it reap destruction; and though the plague of water shall no more destroy the earth, yet an equal if not sorer punishment awaits the world of the ungodly, in the threatened destruction by fire. In ancient times almost every thing was typical, and no doubt the ark among the rest; but of what and in what way farther than revelation guides, it is both difficult and unsafe to say. It has been considered a type of our blessed Lord; and hence it has been observed, that "as all those who were out of the ark perished by the flood, so those who take not refuge in the meritorious atonement of Christ Jesus must perish everlastingly." Of all those who, having the opportunity of hearing the Gospel, refuse to accept of the sacrifice it offers them, this saying is true; but the parallel is not good. Myriads of those who perished during the flood probably repented, implored mercy, and found forgiveness; for God ever delights to save, and Jesus was the Lamb slain from the foundation of the world. And though, generally, the people continued in carnal security and sensual gratifications till the flood came, there is much reason to believe that those who during the forty days' rain would naturally flee to the high lands and tops of the highest mountains, would earnestly implore that mercy which has never been denied, even to the most profligate, when under deep humiliation of heart they have returned to God. And who can say that this was not done by multitudes while they beheld the increasing flood; or that God, in this last extremity, had rendered it impossible? St. Peter, 1Pet 3:21, makes the ark a figure of baptism, and intimates that we are saved by this, as the eight souls were saved by the ark. But let us not mistake the apostle by supposing that the mere ceremony itself saves any person; he tells us that the salvation conveyed through this sacred rite is not the putting away the filth of the flesh, but the answer of a good conscience toward God; i.e. remission of sins and regeneration by the Holy Spirit, which are signified by this baptism. A good conscience never existed where remission of sins had not taken place; and every person knows that it is God's prerogative to forgive sins, and that no ordinance can confer it, though ordinances may be the means to convey it when piously and believingly used.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:22
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- 1Pet 3:21
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Targum
- Jonathan
- Jesus
- Armenia
- September
- March
- December
- June
- Calmet
- Lord
- Gospel
- St
- Peter
- Holy Spirit
Exposition: Genesis 8:22 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'While the earth remaineth, seedtime and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and winter, and day and night shall not cease.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Citation trailOpen the commentary counts, references, and named sources.
Scholarly apparatus
Commentary citation index
This chapter now surfaces commentary as quoted witness material with an explicit citation trail. The index below gathers the canonical references and named authorities detected inside the commentary layer for faster academic review.
Direct commentary witnesses
8
Generated editorial witnesses
14
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Canonical references surfaced in commentary
- Gen 8:1-3
- Gen 8:4
- Gen 8:5
- Gen 8:6
- Gen 8:7
- Gen 8:8
- Gen 8:9
- Gen 8:10
- Gen 8:11
- Gen 8:12
- Gen 8:13
- Gen 8:14
- Gen 8:15-19
- Gen 8:20
- Gen 8:21
- Gen 8:22
- Gen 7:11
- Genesis 8:1
- Genesis 8:2
- Genesis 8:3
- Genesis 8:4
- Genesis 8:5
- Genesis 8:6
- Genesis 8:7
- Gen 8:17
- Genesis 8:8
- Genesis 8:9
- Genesis 8:10
- Genesis 8:11
- Genesis 8:12
- Genesis 8:13
- Gen 7:13
- Gen 11:12
- Genesis 8:14
- Genesis 8:15
- Genesis 8:16
- Genesis 8:17
- Genesis 8:18
- Genesis 8:19
- Rev 5:6
- Rev 5:12
- Rev 5:13
- Leviticus 7:1-38
- Genesis 8:20
- Eph 5:2
- 2Pet 3:7
- Genesis 8:21
- 1Pet 3:21
- Genesis 8:22
Named authorities or texts surfaced in commentary
- Mount Ararat
- Noah
- Lord
- Tigris
- Ctesiphon
- Bagdad
- Scriptures
- Mr
- Tournefort
- Dr
- Sivan
- Septuagint
- Hales
- Adam
- Cain
- Abel
- Divine Being
- Isaac
- Savior
- St
- Paul
- Smelling Savor
- Flood
- Targum
- Jonathan
- Jesus
- Armenia
- September
- March
- December
- June
- Calmet
- Gospel
- Peter
- Holy Spirit
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Commentary Witness
Genesis 8:1
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Genesis 8:1
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness