Apologetics Bible

Job 12:1

Hebrew

וַיַּעַן אִיּוֹב וַיֹּאמַֽר׃

vaya'an-'iyvov-vayo'mar

KJV: And Job answered and said,

AKJV: And Job answered and said,

ASV: Then Job answered and said,

YLT: And Job answereth and saith: --

Exposition: Job 12:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Job answered and said,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:2

Hebrew

אָמְנָם כִּי אַתֶּם־עָם וְעִמָּכֶם תָּמוּת חָכְמָֽה׃

'amenam-khiy-'atem-'am-ve'imakhem-tamvt-chakhemah

KJV: No doubt but ye are the people, and wisdom shall die with you.

AKJV: No doubt but you are the people, and wisdom shall die with you.

ASV: No doubt but ye are the people,

YLT: Truly--ye are the people, And with you doth wisdom die.

Exposition: Job 12:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'No doubt but ye are the people, and wisdom shall die with you.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:3

Hebrew

גַּם־לִי לֵבָב ׀ כְּֽמוֹכֶם לֹא־נֹפֵל אָנֹכִי מִכֶּם וְאֶת־מִי־אֵין כְּמוֹ־אֵֽלֶּה׃

gam-liy-levav- -khemvokhem-lo'-nofel-'anokhiy-mikhem-ve'et-miy-'eyn-khemvo-'eleh

KJV: But I have understanding as well as you; I am not inferior to you: yea, who knoweth not such things as these?

AKJV: But I have understanding as well as you; I am not inferior to you: yes, who knows not such things as these?

ASV: But I have understanding as well as you;

YLT: I also have a heart like you, I am not fallen more than you, And with whom is there not like these?

Exposition: Job 12:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But I have understanding as well as you; I am not inferior to you: yea, who knoweth not such things as these?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:4

Hebrew

שְׂחֹק לְרֵעֵהוּ ׀ אֶֽהְיֶה קֹרֵא לֶאֱלוֹהַּ וַֽיַּעֲנֵהוּ שְׂחוֹק צַדִּיק תָּמִֽים׃

shechoq-lere'ehv- -'eheyeh-qore'-le'elvoha-vaya'anehv-shechvoq-tzadiyq-tamiym

KJV: I am as one mocked of his neighbour, who calleth upon God, and he answereth him: the just upright man is laughed to scorn.

AKJV: I am as one mocked of his neighbor, who calls on God, and he answers him: the just upright man is laughed to scorn.

ASV: I am as one that is a laughing-stock to his neighbor,

YLT: A laughter to his friend I am: `He calleth to God, and He answereth him,' A laughter is the perfect righteous one.

Exposition: Job 12:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'I am as one mocked of his neighbour, who calleth upon God, and he answereth him: the just upright man is laughed to scorn.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:5

Hebrew

לַפִּיד בּוּז לְעַשְׁתּוּת שַׁאֲנָן נָכוֹן לְמוֹעֲדֵי רָֽגֶל׃

lafiyd-vvz-le'ashetvt-sha'anan-nakhvon-lemvo'adey-ragel

KJV: He that is ready to slip with his feet is as a lamp despised in the thought of him that is at ease.

AKJV: He that is ready to slip with his feet is as a lamp despised in the thought of him that is at ease.

ASV: In the thought of him that is at ease there is contempt for misfortune;

YLT: A torch--despised in the thoughts of the secure Is prepared for those sliding with the feet.

Exposition: Job 12:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'He that is ready to slip with his feet is as a lamp despised in the thought of him that is at ease.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:6

Hebrew

יִשְׁלָיוּ אֹֽהָלִים ׀ לְשֹׁדְדִים וּֽבַטֻּחוֹת לְמַרְגִּיזֵי אֵל לַאֲשֶׁר הֵבִיא אֱלוֹהַּ בְּיָדֽוֹ׃

yishelayv-'ohaliym- -leshodediym-vvatuchvot-lemaregiyzey-'el-la'asher-heviy'-'elvoha-veyadvo

KJV: The tabernacles of robbers prosper, and they that provoke God are secure; into whose hand God bringeth abundantly.

AKJV: The tabernacles of robbers prosper, and they that provoke God are secure; into whose hand God brings abundantly.

ASV: The tents of robbers prosper,

YLT: At peace are the tents of spoilers, And those provoking God have confidence, He into whose hand God hath brought.

Exposition: Job 12:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'The tabernacles of robbers prosper, and they that provoke God are secure; into whose hand God bringeth abundantly.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:7

Hebrew

וְֽאוּלָם שְׁאַל־נָא בְהֵמוֹת וְתֹרֶךָּ וְעוֹף הַשָּׁמַיִם וְיַגֶּד־לָֽךְ׃

ve'vlam-she'al-na'-vehemvot-vetorekha-ve'vof-hashamayim-veyaged-lakhe

KJV: But ask now the beasts, and they shall teach thee; and the fowls of the air, and they shall tell thee:

AKJV: But ask now the beasts, and they shall teach you; and the fowls of the air, and they shall tell you:

ASV: But ask now the beasts, and they shall teach thee;

YLT: And yet, ask, I pray thee, One of the beasts, and it doth shew thee, And a fowl of the heavens, And it doth declare to thee.

Exposition: Job 12:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But ask now the beasts, and they shall teach thee; and the fowls of the air, and they shall tell thee:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:8

Hebrew

אוֹ שִׂיחַ לָאָרֶץ וְתֹרֶךָּ וִֽיסַפְּרוּ לְךָ דְּגֵי הַיָּֽם׃

'vo-shiycha-la'aretz-vetorekha-viysaferv-lekha-degey-hayam

KJV: Or speak to the earth, and it shall teach thee: and the fishes of the sea shall declare unto thee.

AKJV: Or speak to the earth, and it shall teach you: and the fishes of the sea shall declare to you.

ASV: Or speak to the earth, and it shall teach thee;

YLT: Or talk to the earth, and it sheweth thee, And fishes of the sea recount to thee:

Exposition: Job 12:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Or speak to the earth, and it shall teach thee: and the fishes of the sea shall declare unto thee.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:9

Hebrew

מִי לֹא־יָדַע בְּכָל־אֵלֶּה כִּי יַד־יְהוָה עָשְׂתָה זֹּֽאת׃

miy-lo'-yada'-vekhal-'eleh-khiy-yad-yehvah-'ashetah-zo't

KJV: Who knoweth not in all these that the hand of the LORD hath wrought this?

AKJV: Who knows not in all these that the hand of the LORD has worked this?

ASV: Who knoweth not in all these,

YLT: `Who hath not known in all these, That the hand of Jehovah hath done this?

Exposition: Job 12:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Who knoweth not in all these that the hand of the LORD hath wrought this?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:10

Hebrew

אֲשֶׁר בְּיָדוֹ נֶפֶשׁ כָּל־חָי וְרוּחַ כָּל־בְּשַׂר־אִֽישׁ׃

'asher-veyadvo-nefesh-khal-chay-vervcha-khal-veshar-'iysh

KJV: In whose hand is the soul of every living thing, and the breath of all mankind.

AKJV: In whose hand is the soul of every living thing, and the breath of all mankind.

ASV: In whose hand is the soul of every living thing,

YLT: In whose hand is the breath of every living thing, And the spirit of all flesh of man.'

Exposition: Job 12:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'In whose hand is the soul of every living thing, and the breath of all mankind.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:11

Hebrew

הֲלֹא־אֹזֶן מִלִּין תִּבְחָן וְחֵךְ אֹכֶל יִטְעַם־לֽוֹ׃

halo'-'ozen-miliyn-tivechan-vechekhe-'okhel-yite'am-lvo

KJV: Doth not the ear try words? and the mouth taste his meat?

AKJV: Does not the ear try words? and the mouth taste his meat?

ASV: Doth not the ear try words,

YLT: Doth not the ear try words? And the palate taste food for itself?

Exposition: Job 12:11 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Doth not the ear try words? and the mouth taste his meat?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:12

Hebrew

בִּֽישִׁישִׁים חָכְמָה וְאֹרֶךְ יָמִים תְּבוּנָֽה׃

viyshiyshiym-chakhemah-ve'orekhe-yamiym-tevvnah

KJV: With the ancient is wisdom; and in length of days understanding.

AKJV: With the ancient is wisdom; and in length of days understanding.

ASV: With aged men is wisdom,

YLT: With the very aged is wisdom, And with length of days understanding.

Exposition: Job 12:12 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'With the ancient is wisdom; and in length of days understanding.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:13

Hebrew

עִמּוֹ חָכְמָה וּגְבוּרָה לוֹ עֵצָה וּתְבוּנָֽה׃

'imvo-chakhemah-vgevvrah-lvo-'etzah-vtevvnah

KJV: With him is wisdom and strength, he hath counsel and understanding.

AKJV: With him is wisdom and strength, he has counsel and understanding.

ASV: WithGodis wisdom and might;

YLT: With Him are wisdom and might, To him are counsel and understanding.

Exposition: Job 12:13 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'With him is wisdom and strength, he hath counsel and understanding.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:14

Hebrew

הֵן יַהֲרוֹס וְלֹא יִבָּנֶה יִסְגֹּר עַל־אִישׁ וְלֹא יִפָּתֵֽחַ׃

hen-yaharvos-velo'-yivaneh-yisegor-'al-'iysh-velo'-yifatecha

KJV: Behold, he breaketh down, and it cannot be built again: he shutteth up a man, and there can be no opening.

AKJV: Behold, he breaks down, and it cannot be built again: he shuts up a man, and there can be no opening.

ASV: Behold, he breaketh down, and it cannot be built again;

YLT: Lo, He breaketh down, and it is not built up, He shutteth against a man, And it is not opened.

Exposition: Job 12:14 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Behold, he breaketh down, and it cannot be built again: he shutteth up a man, and there can be no opening.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:15

Hebrew

הֵן יַעְצֹר בַּמַּיִם וְיִבָשׁוּ וִֽישַׁלְּחֵם וְיַהַפְכוּ אָֽרֶץ׃

hen-ya'etzor-vamayim-veyivashv-viyshalechem-veyahafekhv-'aretz

KJV: Behold, he withholdeth the waters, and they dry up: also he sendeth them out, and they overturn the earth.

AKJV: Behold, he withholds the waters, and they dry up: also he sends them out, and they overturn the earth.

ASV: Behold, he withholdeth the waters, and they dry up;

YLT: Lo, He keepeth in the waters, and they are dried up, And he sendeth them forth, And they overturn the land.

Exposition: Job 12:15 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Behold, he withholdeth the waters, and they dry up: also he sendeth them out, and they overturn the earth.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:16

Hebrew

עִמּוֹ עֹז וְתֽוּשִׁיָּה לוֹ שֹׁגֵג וּמַשְׁגֶּֽה׃

'imvo-'oz-vetvshiyah-lvo-shogeg-vmashegeh

KJV: With him is strength and wisdom: the deceived and the deceiver are his.

AKJV: With him is strength and wisdom: the deceived and the deceiver are his.

ASV: With him is strength and wisdom;

YLT: With Him are strength and wisdom, His the deceived and deceiver.

Exposition: Job 12:16 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'With him is strength and wisdom: the deceived and the deceiver are his.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:17

Hebrew

מוֹלִיךְ יוֹעֲצִים שׁוֹלָל וְֽשֹׁפְטִים יְהוֹלֵֽל׃

mvoliykhe-yvo'atziym-shvolal-veshofetiym-yehvolel

KJV: He leadeth counsellors away spoiled, and maketh the judges fools.

AKJV: He leads counsellors away spoiled, and makes the judges fools.

ASV: He leadeth counsellors away stripped,

YLT: Causing counsellors to go away a spoil, And judges He maketh foolish.

Exposition: Job 12:17 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'He leadeth counsellors away spoiled, and maketh the judges fools.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:18

Hebrew

מוּסַר מְלָכִים פִּתֵּחַ וַיֶּאְסֹר אֵזוֹר בְּמָתְנֵיהֶֽם׃

mvsar-melakhiym-fitecha-vaye'esor-'ezvor-vemateneyhem

KJV: He looseth the bond of kings, and girdeth their loins with a girdle.

AKJV: He looses the bond of kings, and girds their loins with a girdle.

ASV: He looseth the bond of kings,

YLT: The bands of kings He hath opened, And He bindeth a girdle on their loins.

Exposition: Job 12:18 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'He looseth the bond of kings, and girdeth their loins with a girdle.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:19

Hebrew

מוֹלִיךְ כֹּהֲנִים שׁוֹלָל וְאֵֽתָנִים יְסַלֵּֽף׃

mvoliykhe-khohaniym-shvolal-ve'etaniym-yesalef

KJV: He leadeth princes away spoiled, and overthroweth the mighty.

AKJV: He leads princes away spoiled, and overthrows the mighty.

ASV: He leadeth priests away stripped,

YLT: Causing ministers to go away a spoil And strong ones He overthroweth.

Exposition: Job 12:19 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'He leadeth princes away spoiled, and overthroweth the mighty.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:20

Hebrew

מֵסִיר שָׂפָה לְנֶאֱמָנִים וְטַעַם זְקֵנִים יִקָּֽח׃

mesiyr-shafah-lene'emaniym-veta'am-zeqeniym-yiqach

KJV: He removeth away the speech of the trusty, and taketh away the understanding of the aged.

AKJV: He removes away the speech of the trusty, and takes away the understanding of the aged.

ASV: He removeth the speech of the trusty,

YLT: Turning aside the lip of the stedfast, And the reason of the aged He taketh away.

Exposition: Job 12:20 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'He removeth away the speech of the trusty, and taketh away the understanding of the aged.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:21

Hebrew

שׁוֹפֵךְ בּוּז עַל־נְדִיבִים וּמְזִיחַ אֲפִיקִים רִפָּֽה׃

shvofekhe-vvz-'al-nediyviym-vmeziycha-'afiyqiym-rifah

KJV: He poureth contempt upon princes, and weakeneth the strength of the mighty.

AKJV: He pours contempt on princes, and weakens the strength of the mighty.

ASV: He poureth contempt upon princes,

YLT: Pouring contempt upon princes, And the girdle of the mighty He made feeble.

Exposition: Job 12:21 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'He poureth contempt upon princes, and weakeneth the strength of the mighty.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:22

Hebrew

מְגַלֶּה עֲמֻקוֹת מִנִּי־חֹשֶׁךְ וַיֹּצֵא לָאוֹר צַלְמָֽוֶת׃

megaleh-'amuqvot-miniy-choshekhe-vayotze'-la'vor-tzalemavet

KJV: He discovereth deep things out of darkness, and bringeth out to light the shadow of death.

AKJV: He discovers deep things out of darkness, and brings out to light the shadow of death.

ASV: He uncovereth deep things out of darkness,

YLT: Removing deep things out of darkness, And He bringeth out to light death-shade.

Exposition: Job 12:22 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'He discovereth deep things out of darkness, and bringeth out to light the shadow of death.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:23

Hebrew

מַשְׂגִּיא לַגּוֹיִם וַֽיְאַבְּדֵם שֹׁטֵחַ לַגּוֹיִם וַיַּנְחֵֽם׃

mashegiy'-lagvoyim-vaye'avedem-shotecha-lagvoyim-vayanechem

KJV: He increaseth the nations, and destroyeth them: he enlargeth the nations, and straiteneth them again.

AKJV: He increases the nations, and destroys them: he enlarges the nations, and straitens them again.

ASV: He increaseth the nations, and he destroyeth them:

YLT: Magnifying the nations, and He destroyeth them, Spreading out the nations, and He quieteth them.

Exposition: Job 12:23 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'He increaseth the nations, and destroyeth them: he enlargeth the nations, and straiteneth them again.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:24

Hebrew

מֵסִיר לֵב רָאשֵׁי עַם־הָאָרֶץ וַיַּתְעֵם בְּתֹהוּ לֹא־דָֽרֶךְ׃

mesiyr-lev-ra'shey-'am-ha'aretz-vayate'em-vetohv-lo'-darekhe

KJV: He taketh away the heart of the chief of the people of the earth, and causeth them to wander in a wilderness where there is no way.

AKJV: He takes away the heart of the chief of the people of the earth, and causes them to wander in a wilderness where there is no way.

ASV: He taketh away understanding from the chiefs of the people of the earth,

YLT: Turning aside the heart Of the heads of the people of the land, And he causeth them to wander In vacancy--no way!

Exposition: Job 12:24 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'He taketh away the heart of the chief of the people of the earth, and causeth them to wander in a wilderness where there is no way.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Job 12:25

Hebrew

יְמַֽשְׁשׁוּ־חֹשֶׁךְ וְלֹא־אוֹר וַיַּתְעֵם כַּשִּׁכּֽוֹר׃

yemasheshv-choshekhe-velo'-'vor-vayate'em-khashikhvor

KJV: They grope in the dark without light, and he maketh them to stagger like a drunken man.

AKJV: They grope in the dark without light, and he makes them to stagger like a drunken man.

ASV: They grope in the dark without light;

YLT: They feel darkness, and not light, He causeth them to wander as a drunkard.

Exposition: Job 12:25 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'They grope in the dark without light, and he maketh them to stagger like a drunken man.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.