Apologetics Bible
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Job is the most penetrating treatment of suffering, divine justice, and epistemological humility in the Hebrew Bible. Its probable date is pre-Mosaic (patriarchal setting), making it one of the oldest compositions in Scripture.
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Connected primary witness
- Connected ID:
Job_14
- Primary Witness Text: Man that is born of a woman is of few days, and full of trouble. He cometh forth like a flower, and is cut down: he fleeth also as a shadow, and continueth not. And dost thou open thine eyes upon such an one, and bringest me into judgment with thee? Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean? not one. Seeing his days are determined, the number of his months are with thee, thou hast appointed his bounds that he cannot pass; Turn from him, that he may rest, till he shall accomplish, as an hireling, his day. For there is hope of a tree, if it be cut down, that it will sprout again, and that the tender branch thereof will not cease. Though the root thereof wax old in the earth, and the stock thereof die in the ground; Yet through the scent of water it will bud, and bring forth boughs like a plant. But man dieth, and wasteth away: yea, man giveth up the ghost, and where is he? As the waters fail from the sea, and the flood decayeth and drieth up: So man lieth down, and riseth not: till the heavens be no more, they shall not awake, nor be raised out of their sleep. O that thou wouldest hide me in the grave, that thou wouldest keep me secret, until thy wrath be past, that thou wouldest appoint me a set time, and remember me! If a man die, shall he live again? all the days of my appointed time will I wait, till my change come. Thou shalt call, and I will answer thee: thou wilt have a desire to the work of thine hands. For now thou numberest my steps: dost thou not watch over my si...
Connected dataset overlay
- Connected ID:
Job_14
- Chapter Blob Preview: Man that is born of a woman is of few days, and full of trouble. He cometh forth like a flower, and is cut down: he fleeth also as a shadow, and continueth not. And dost thou open thine eyes upon such an one, and bringest me into judgment with thee? Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean? not one. Seeing his days are determined, the number of his months are with thee, th...
Chapter frameStart here before opening notes.
Chapter frame
Job is the most penetrating treatment of suffering, divine justice, and epistemological humility in the Hebrew Bible. Its probable date is pre-Mosaic (patriarchal setting), making it one of the oldest compositions in Scripture.
Job's friends represent the dominant ancient Near Eastern theodicy: suffering = sin. God's answer from the whirlwind (chs. 38-41) does not explain the suffering but confronts Job with the staggering scale and wisdom of the creation — demanding the creature's epistemological humility before the Creator. Job 19:25-27 ("I know that my Redeemer lives") stands as the OT's most personal resurrection confession.
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Job 14:1
Hebrew
אָדָם יְלוּד אִשָּׁה קְצַר יָמִים וּֽשְׂבַֽע־רֹֽגֶז׃'adam-yelvd-'ishah-qetzar-yamiym-vsheva'-rogez
KJV: Man that is born of a woman is of few days, and full of trouble.
AKJV: Man that is born of a woman is of few days and full of trouble.
ASV: Man, that is born of a woman,
YLT: Man, born of woman! Of few days, and full of trouble!
Exposition: Job 14:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Man that is born of a woman is of few days, and full of trouble.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 14:2
Hebrew
כְּצִיץ יָצָא וַיִּמָּל וַיִּבְרַח כַּצֵּל וְלֹא יַעֲמֽוֹד׃khetziytz-yatza'-vayimal-vayiverach-khatzel-velo'-ya'amvod
KJV: He cometh forth like a flower, and is cut down: he fleeth also as a shadow, and continueth not.
AKJV: He comes forth like a flower, and is cut down: he flees also as a shadow, and continues not.
ASV: He cometh forth like a flower, and is cut down:
YLT: As a flower he hath gone forth, and is cut off, And he fleeth as a shadow and standeth not.
Commentary WitnessJob 14:2Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 14:2
Verse 2 He cometh forth like a flower - This is a frequent image both in the Old and New Testament writers; I need not quote the places here, as the readers will find them all in the margin. He fleeth also as a shadow - Himself, as he appears among men, is only the shadow of his real, substantial, and eternal being. He is here compared to a vegetable; he springs up, bears his flower is often nipped by disease, blasted by afflictions and at last cut down by death. The bloom of youth, even in the most prosperous state, is only the forerunner of hoary hairs, enfeebled muscles, impaired senses, general debility, anility, and dissolution. All these images are finely embodied, and happily expressed, in the beautiful lines of a very nervous and correct poet, too little known, but whose compositions deserve the first place among what may be called the minor poets of Britain. See at the end of the chapter, Job 14:22 (note).
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 14:2
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Job 14:22
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Himself
- Britain
Exposition: Job 14:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'He cometh forth like a flower, and is cut down: he fleeth also as a shadow, and continueth not.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 14:3
Hebrew
אַף־עַל־זֶה פָּקַחְתָּ עֵינֶךָ וְאֹתִי תָבִיא בְמִשְׁפָּט עִמָּֽךְ׃'af-'al-zeh-faqacheta-'eynekha-ve'otiy-taviy'-vemishefat-'imakhe
KJV: And dost thou open thine eyes upon such an one, and bringest me into judgment with thee?
AKJV: And does you open your eyes on such an one, and bring me into judgment with you?
ASV: And dost thou open thine eyes upon such a one,
YLT: Also--on this Thou hast opened Thine eyes, And dost bring me into judgment with Thee.
Commentary WitnessJob 14:3Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 14:3
Verse 3 Dost thou open thine eyes upon such a one - The whole of this chapter is directed to God alone; in no part of it does he take any notice of his friends.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 14:3
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 14:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And dost thou open thine eyes upon such an one, and bringest me into judgment with thee?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 14:4
Hebrew
מִֽי־יִתֵּן טָהוֹר מִטָּמֵא לֹא אֶחָֽד׃miy-yiten-tahvor-mitame'-lo'-'echad
KJV: Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean? not one.
AKJV: Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean? not one.
ASV: Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean? not one.
YLT: Who giveth a clean thing out of an unclean? not one.
Commentary WitnessJob 14:4Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 14:4
Verse 4 Who can bring a clean thing - This verse is thus rendered by the Chaldee: "Who will produce a clean thing from man, who is polluted with sins, except God, who is one?" By Coverdale thus: Who can make it cleane, that commeth of an uncleane thinge? No body. The text refers to man's original and corrupt nature. Every man that is born into the world comes into it in a corrupt or sinful state. This is called original sin; and is derived from fallen Adam, who is the stock, to the utmost ramifications of the human family. Not one human spirit is born into the world without this corruption of nature. All are impure and unholy; and from this principle of depravity all transgression is produced; and from this corruption of nature God alone can save. The Septuagint, in the Codex Alexandrinus, reads the verse thus: Τις γαρ εσται καθαρο· απο ῥυπου; ουδε εἱς, εαν και μιας ἡμερας γενηται ὁ βιος αυτου επι της γης; "Who is pure from corruption? Not one, although he had lived but one day upon the earth."
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 14:4
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Septuagint
- Chaldee
- Adam
- The Septuagint
- Codex Alexandrinus
Exposition: Job 14:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean? not one.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 14:5
Hebrew
אִם חֲרוּצִים ׀ יָמָיו מִֽסְפַּר־חֳדָשָׁיו אִתָּךְ חקו חֻקָּיו עָשִׂיתָ וְלֹא יַעֲבֽוֹר׃'im-charvtziym- -yamayv-misefar-chodashayv-'itakhe-chqv-chuqayv-'ashiyta-velo'-ya'avvor
KJV: Seeing his days are determined, the number of his months are with thee, thou hast appointed his bounds that he cannot pass;
AKJV: Seeing his days are determined, the number of his months are with you, you have appointed his bounds that he cannot pass;
ASV: Seeing his days are determined,
YLT: If determined are his days, The number of his months are with Thee, His limit Thou hast made, And he passeth not over;
Commentary WitnessJob 14:5Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 14:5
Verse 5 Seeing his days are determined - The general term of human life is fixed by God himself; in vain are all attempts to prolong it beyond this term. Several attempts have been made in all nations to find an elixir that would expel all the seeds of disease, and keep men in continual health; but all these attempts have failed. Basil, Valentine, Norton, Dastin, Ripley, Sandivogius, Artephius, Geber, Van Helmont, Paracelsus, Philalethes, and several others, both in Europe and Asia, have written copiously on the subject, and have endeavored to prove that a tincture might be produced, by which all imperfect metals may be transmuted into perfect; and an elixir by which the human body may be kept in a state of endless repair and health. And these profess to teach the method by which this tincture and this elixir may be made! Yet all these are dead; and dead, for aught we know, comparatively young! Artephius is, indeed, said to have lived ninety years, which is probable; but some of his foolish disciples, to give credit to their thriftless craft, added another cipher, and made his age nine hundred! Man may endeavor to pass the bound; and God may, here and there, produce a Thomas Parr, who died in 1635, aged one hundred and fifty-two; and a Henry Jenkins, who died in 1670, aged one hundred and sixty-nine; but these are rare instances, and do not affect the general term. Nor can death be avoided. Dust thou art, and unto dust thou shalt return, is the law, and that will ever render nugatory all such pretended tinctures and elixirs. But, although man cannot pass his appointed bounds, yet he may so live as never to reach them; for folly and wickedness abridge the term of human life; and therefore the psalmist says, Bloody and deceitful men shall not live out Half their days, Psa 55:23, for by indolence, intemperance, and disorderly passions, the life of man is shortened in cases innumerable. We are not to understand the bounds as applying to individuals, but to the race in general. Perhaps there is no case in which God has determined absolutely that man's age shall be so long, and shall neither be more nor less. The contrary supposition involves innumerable absurdities.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 14:5
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Basil
- Valentine
- Norton
- Dastin
- Ripley
- Sandivogius
- Artephius
- Geber
- Van Helmont
- Paracelsus
- Philalethes
- Asia
- Thomas Parr
- Henry Jenkins
- But
Exposition: Job 14:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Seeing his days are determined, the number of his months are with thee, thou hast appointed his bounds that he cannot pass;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 14:6
Hebrew
שְׁעֵה מֵעָלָיו וְיֶחְדָּל עַד־יִרְצֶה כְּשָׂכִיר יוֹמֽוֹ׃she'eh-me'alayv-veyechedal-'ad-yiretzeh-kheshakhiyr-yvomvo
KJV: Turn from him, that he may rest, till he shall accomplish, as an hireling, his day.
AKJV: Turn from him, that he may rest, till he shall accomplish, as an hireling, his day.
ASV: Look away from him, that he may rest,
YLT: Look away from off him that he may cease, Till he enjoy as an hireling his day.
Commentary WitnessJob 14:6Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 14:6
Verse 6 Turn from him, that he may rest - Cease to try him by afflictions and distresses, that he may enjoy some of the comforts of life, before he be removed from it: and thus, like a hireling, who is permitted by his master to take a little repose in the heat of the day, from severe labor, I shall also have a breathing time from affliction, before I come to that bound over which I cannot pass. See Job 10:20 (note), where there is a similar request.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 14:6
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Job 10:20
Exposition: Job 14:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Turn from him, that he may rest, till he shall accomplish, as an hireling, his day.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 14:7
Hebrew
כִּי יֵשׁ לָעֵץ תִּקְוָה אִֽם־יִכָּרֵת וְעוֹד יַחֲלִיף וְיֹֽנַקְתּוֹ לֹא תֶחְדָּֽל׃khiy-yesh-la'etz-tiqevah-'im-yikharet-ve'vod-yachaliyf-veyonaqetvo-lo'-techedal
KJV: For there is hope of a tree, if it be cut down, that it will sprout again, and that the tender branch thereof will not cease.
AKJV: For there is hope of a tree, if it be cut down, that it will sprout again, and that the tender branch thereof will not cease.
ASV: For there is hope of a tree,
YLT: For there is of a tree hope, if it be cut down, That again it doth change, That its tender branch doth not cease.
Commentary WitnessJob 14:7Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 14:7
Verse 7 For there is hope of a tree - We must not, says Calmet, understand this of an old tree, the stem and roots of which are dried up and rotted: but there are some trees which grow from cuttings, and some which, though pulled out of the earth, and having had their roots dried and withered by long exposure to the sun and wind, will, on being replanted, take root and resume their verdure. There are also certain trees, the fibres of which are so solid, that if after several years they be steeped in water, they resume their vigor, the tubes dilate, and the blossoms or flowers which were attached to them expand; as I have often witnessed in what is called the rose of Jericho. There are few trees which will not send forth new shoots, when the stock is cut down level with the earth.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 14:7
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Calmet
- Jericho
Exposition: Job 14:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For there is hope of a tree, if it be cut down, that it will sprout again, and that the tender branch thereof will not cease.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 14:8
Hebrew
אִם־יַזְקִין בָּאָרֶץ שָׁרְשׁוֹ וּבֶעָפָר יָמוּת גִּזְעֽוֹ׃'im-yazeqiyn-va'aretz-shareshvo-vve'afar-yamvt-gize'vo
KJV: Though the root thereof wax old in the earth, and the stock thereof die in the ground;
AKJV: Though the root thereof wax old in the earth, and the stock thereof die in the ground;
ASV: Though the root thereof wax old in the earth,
YLT: If its root becometh old in the earth, And its stem doth die in the dust,
Commentary Witness (Generated)Job 14:8Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Job 14:8
Job 14:8 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Though the root thereof wax old in the earth, and the stock thereof die in the ground;'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Job 14:8
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Job 14:8
Exposition: Job 14:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Though the root thereof wax old in the earth, and the stock thereof die in the ground;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 14:9
Hebrew
מֵרֵיחַ מַיִם יַפְרִחַ וְעָשָׂה קָצִיר כְּמוֹ־נָֽטַע׃mereycha-mayim-yafericha-ve'ashah-qatziyr-khemvo-nata'
KJV: Yet through the scent of water it will bud, and bring forth boughs like a plant.
AKJV: Yet through the scent of water it will bud, and bring forth boughs like a plant.
ASV: Yet through the scent of water it will bud,
YLT: From the fragrance of water it doth flourish, And hath made a crop as a plant.
Commentary WitnessJob 14:9Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 14:9
Verse 9 Through the scent of water it will bud - A fine metaphor: the water acts upon the decaying and perishing tree, as strong and powerful odors from musk, otto of roses, ammonia, etc., act on a fainting or swooning person.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 14:9
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 14:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Yet through the scent of water it will bud, and bring forth boughs like a plant.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 14:10
Hebrew
וְגֶבֶר יָמוּת וַֽיֶּחֱלָשׁ וַיִּגְוַע אָדָם וְאַיּֽוֹ׃vegever-yamvt-vayechelash-vayigeva'-'adam-ve'ayvo
KJV: But man dieth, and wasteth away: yea, man giveth up the ghost, and where is he?
AKJV: But man dies, and wastes away: yes, man gives up the ghost, and where is he?
ASV: But man dieth, and is laid low:
YLT: And a man dieth, and becometh weak, And man expireth, and where is he?
Commentary WitnessJob 14:10Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 14:10
Verse 10 But man dieth - No human being ever can spring from the dead body of man; that wasteth away, corrupts, and is dissolved; for the man dies; and when he breathes out his last breath, and his body is reduced to dust, then, where is he? There is a beautiful verse in the Persian poet Khosroo, that is not unlike this saying of Job: - "I went towards the burying ground, and wept To think of the departure of friends which were captives to death; I said, Where are they! and Fate Gave back this answer by Echo, Where are they? Thus paraphrased by a learned friend: - Beneath the cypress' solemn shade, As on surrounding tombs I gazed, I wept, and thought of friends there laid, Whose hearts with warmest love had blazed. Where are those friends my heart doth lack, Whose words, in grief, gave peace? Ah, where? And Fate, by Echo, gave me back This short but just reply, Ah, where?
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 14:10
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Khosroo
- Job
- Echo
- Ah
- And Fate
Exposition: Job 14:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But man dieth, and wasteth away: yea, man giveth up the ghost, and where is he?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 14:11
Hebrew
אָֽזְלוּ־מַיִם מִנִּי־יָם וְנָהָר יֶחֱרַב וְיָבֵֽשׁ׃'azelv-mayim-miniy-yam-venahar-yecherav-veyavesh
KJV: As the waters fail from the sea, and the flood decayeth and drieth up:
AKJV: As the waters fail from the sea, and the flood decays and dries up:
ASV: Asthe waters fail from the sea,
YLT: Waters have gone away from a sea, And a river becometh waste and dry.
Commentary WitnessJob 14:11Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 14:11
Verse 11 The waters fail from the sea - I believe this refers to evaporation, and nothing else. As the waters are evaporated from the sea, and the river in passing over the sandy desert is partly exsiccated, and partly absorbed; and yet the waters of the sea are not exhausted, as these vapors, being condensed, fall down in rain, and by means of rivers return again into the sea: so man is imperceptibly removed from his fellows by death and dissolution; yet the human race is still continued, the population of the earth being kept up by perpetual generations.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 14:11
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 14:11 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'As the waters fail from the sea, and the flood decayeth and drieth up:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 14:12
Hebrew
וְאִישׁ שָׁכַב וְֽלֹא־יָקוּם עַד־בִּלְתִּי שָׁמַיִם לֹא יָקִיצוּ וְלֹֽא־יֵעֹרוּ מִשְּׁנָתָֽם׃ve'iysh-shakhav-velo'-yaqvm-'ad-viletiy-shamayim-lo'-yaqiytzv-velo'-ye'orv-mishenatam
KJV: So man lieth down, and riseth not: till the heavens be no more, they shall not awake, nor be raised out of their sleep.
AKJV: So man lies down, and rises not: till the heavens be no more, they shall not awake, nor be raised out of their sleep.
ASV: So man lieth down and riseth not:
YLT: And man hath lain down, and riseth not, Till the wearing out of the heavens they awake not, Nor are roused from their sleep.
Commentary WitnessJob 14:12Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 14:12
Verse 12 So man lieth down - He falls asleep in his bed of earth. And riseth not - Men shall not, like cut down trees and plants, reproduce their like; nor shall they arise till the heavens are no more, till the earth and all its works are burnt up, and the general resurrection of human beings shall take place. Surely it would be difficult to twist this passage to the denial of the resurrection of the body. Neither can these expressions be fairly understood as implying Job's belief in the materiality of the soul, and that the whole man sleeps from the day of his death to the morning of the resurrection. We have already seen that Job makes a distinction between the animal life and rational soul in man; and it is most certain that the doctrine of the materiality of the soul, and its sleep till the resurrection, has no place in the sacred records. There is a most beautiful passage to the same purpose, and with the same imagery, in Moschus's epitaph on the death of Bion: - Αι, αι ται μαλαχαι μεν επαν κατα καπον ολωνται, Η τα χλωρα σελινα, το τ' ευθαλες ουλον ανηθον, Ὑστερον αυ ζωοντι, και εις ετος αλλο φυοντι· Αμμες δ', οἱ μεγαλοι, και καρτεροι, η σοφοι ανδρες, Ὁπποτε πρωτα θανωμες, ανακοοι εν χθονι κοιλα Εὑδομες ευ μαλα μακρον, ατερμονα, νηγρετον ὑπνον. Idyll. iii., ver. 100. Alas! alas! the mallows, when they die, Or garden herbs, and sweet Anethum's pride, Blooming in vigor, wake again to life, And flourish beauteous through another year: But we, the great, the mighty, and the wise, When once we die, unknown in earth's dark womb Sleep long and drear, the endless sleep of death. J. B. B. C. A more cold and comfortless philosophy was never invented. The next verse shows that Job did not entertain this view of the subject.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 14:12
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Philo
- Bion
- Idyll
Exposition: Job 14:12 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'So man lieth down, and riseth not: till the heavens be no more, they shall not awake, nor be raised out of their sleep.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 14:13
Hebrew
מִי יִתֵּן ׀ בִּשְׁאוֹל תַּצְפִּנֵנִי תַּסְתִּירֵנִי עַד־שׁוּב אַפֶּךָ תָּשִׁית לִי חֹק וְתִזְכְּרֵֽנִי׃miy-yiten- -vishe'vol-tatzefineniy-tasetiyreniy-'ad-shvv-'afekha-tashiyt-liy-choq-vetizekhereniy
KJV: O that thou wouldest hide me in the grave, that thou wouldest keep me secret, until thy wrath be past, that thou wouldest appoint me a set time, and remember me!
AKJV: O that you would hide me in the grave, that you would keep me secret, until your wrath be past, that you would appoint me a set time, and remember me!
ASV: Oh that thou wouldest hide me in Sheol,
YLT: O that in Sheol Thou wouldest conceal me, Hide me till the turning of Thine anger, Set for me a limit, and remember me.
Commentary WitnessJob 14:13Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 14:13
Verse 13 O that thou wouldest hide me in the grave - Dreadful as death is to others, I shall esteem it a high privilege; it will be to me a covert from the wind and from the tempest of this affliction and distress. Keep me secret - Hide my soul with thyself, where my enemies cannot invade my repose; or, as the poet expresses it: - "My spirit hide with saints above, My body in the tomb." Job does not appear to have the same thing in view when he entreats God to hide him in the grave; and to keep him secret, until his wrath be past. The former relates to the body; the latter to the spirit. That thou wouldest appoint me a set time - As he had spoken of the death of his body before, and the secreting of his spirit in the invisible world, he must refer here to the resurrection; for what else can be said to be an object of desire to one whose body is mingled with the dust? And remember me! - When my body has paid that debt of death which it owes to thy Divine justice, and the morning of the resurrection is come, when it may be said thy wrath, אפך appecha, "thy displeasure," against the body is past, it having suffered the sentence denounced by thyself: Dust thou art, and unto dust thou shalt return, for in the day thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die; then remember me - raise my body, unite my spirit to it, and receive both into thy glory for ever.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 14:13
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 14:13 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'O that thou wouldest hide me in the grave, that thou wouldest keep me secret, until thy wrath be past, that thou wouldest appoint me a set time, and remember me!'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 14:14
Hebrew
אִם־יָמוּת גֶּבֶר הֲיִחְיֶה כָּל־יְמֵי צְבָאִי אֲיַחֵל עַד־בּוֹא חֲלִיפָתִֽי׃'im-yamvt-gever-hayicheyeh-khal-yemey-tzeva'iy-'ayachel-'ad-vvo'-chaliyfatiy
KJV: If a man die, shall he live again? all the days of my appointed time will I wait, till my change come.
AKJV: If a man die, shall he live again? all the days of my appointed time will I wait, till my change come.
ASV: If a man die, shall he liveagain?
YLT: If a man dieth--doth he revive? All days of my warfare I wait, till my change come.
Commentary WitnessJob 14:14Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 14:14
Verse 14 If a man die, shall he live again? - The Chaldee translates, If a wicked man die, can he ever live again? or, he can never live again. The Syriac and Arabic thus: "If a man die, shall he revive? Yea, all the days of his youth he awaits till his old age come." The Septuagint: "If a man die, shall he live, having accomplished the days of his life? I will endure till I live again." Here is no doubt, but a strong persuasion, of the certainty of the general resurrection. All the days of my appointed time - צבאי tsebai, "of my warfare;" see on Job 7:1 (note). Will I await till חליפתי chaliphathi, my renovation, come. This word is used to denote the springing again of grass, Psa 90:5, Psa 90:6, after it had once withered, which is in itself a very expressive emblem of the resurrection.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 14:14
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Job 7:1
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Septuagint
- Yea
- The Septuagint
Exposition: Job 14:14 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'If a man die, shall he live again? all the days of my appointed time will I wait, till my change come.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 14:15
Hebrew
תִּקְרָא וְאָנֹכִי אֶֽעֱנֶךָּ לְֽמַעֲשֵׂה יָדֶיךָ תִכְסֹֽף׃tiqera'-ve'anokhiy-'e'enekha-lema'asheh-yadeykha-tikhesof
KJV: Thou shalt call, and I will answer thee: thou wilt have a desire to the work of thine hands.
AKJV: You shall call, and I will answer you: you will have a desire to the work of your hands.
ASV: Thou wouldest call, and I would answer thee:
YLT: Thou dost call, and I--I answer Thee; To the work of Thy hands Thou hast desire.
Commentary WitnessJob 14:15Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 14:15
Verse 15 Thou shalt call - Thou shalt say There shall be time no longer: Awake, ye dead! and come to judgment! And I will answer thee - My dissolved frame shall be united at thy call; and body and soul shall be rejoined. Thou wilt have a desire - תכסף tichsoph, "Thou wilt pant with desire;" or, "Thou wilt yearn over the work of thy hands." God has subjected the creature to vanity, in hope; having determined the resurrection. Man is one of the noblest works of God. He has exhibited him as a master-piece of his creative skill, power, and goodness. Nothing less than the strongest call upon justice could have induced him thus to destroy the work of his hands. No wonder that he has an earnest desire towards it; and that although man dies, and is as water spilt upon the ground that cannot be gathered up again; yet doth he devise means that his banished be not expelled from him. Even God is represented as earnestly longing for the ultimate reviviscence of the sleeping dust. He cannot, he will not, forget the work of his hands.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 14:15
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Awake
Exposition: Job 14:15 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Thou shalt call, and I will answer thee: thou wilt have a desire to the work of thine hands.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 14:16
Hebrew
כִּֽי־עַתָּה צְעָדַי תִּסְפּוֹר לֹֽא־תִשְׁמוֹר עַל־חַטָּאתִֽי׃khiy-'atah-tze'aday-tisefvor-lo'-tishemvor-'al-chata'tiy
KJV: For now thou numberest my steps: dost thou not watch over my sin?
AKJV: For now you number my steps: do you not watch over my sin?
ASV: But now thou numberest my steps:
YLT: But now, my steps Thou numberest, Thou dost not watch over my sin.
Commentary WitnessJob 14:16Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 14:16
Verse 16 For now thou numberest my steps - כי עתה ki attah, Although thou, etc. Though thou, by thy conduct towards me, seemest bent on my utter destruction, yet thou delightest in mercy, and I shall be saved.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 14:16
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 14:16 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For now thou numberest my steps: dost thou not watch over my sin?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 14:17
Hebrew
חָתֻם בִּצְרוֹר פִּשְׁעִי וַתִּטְפֹּל עַל־עֲוֺנִֽי׃chatum-vitzervor-fishe'iy-vatitefol-'al-'avniy
KJV: My transgression is sealed up in a bag, and thou sewest up mine iniquity.
AKJV: My transgression is sealed up in a bag, and you sew up my iniquity.
ASV: My transgression is sealed up in a bag,
YLT: Sealed up in a bag is my transgression, And Thou sewest up mine iniquity.
Commentary WitnessJob 14:17Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 14:17
Verse 17 My transgression is sealed up in a bag - An allusion to the custom of collecting evidence of state transgressions, sealing them up in a bag, and presenting them to the judges and officers of state to be examined, in order to trial and judgment. Just at this time (July, 1820) charges of state transgressions, sealed up in a Green Bag, and presented to the two houses of parliament, for the examination of a secret committee, are making a considerable noise in the land. Some suppose the allusion is to money sealed up in bags; which is common in the East. This includes two ideas: 1. Job's transgressions were all numbered; not one was passed by. 2. They were sealed up; so that none of them could be lost. These bags were indifferently sewed or sealed, the two words in the text.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 14:17
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- July
- Green Bag
- East
Exposition: Job 14:17 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'My transgression is sealed up in a bag, and thou sewest up mine iniquity.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 14:18
Hebrew
וְאוּלָם הַר־נוֹפֵל יִבּוֹל וְצוּר יֶעְתַּק מִמְּקֹמֽוֹ׃ve'vlam-har-nvofel-yivvol-vetzvr-ye'etaq-mimeqomvo
KJV: And surely the mountain falling cometh to nought, and the rock is removed out of his place.
AKJV: And surely the mountains falling comes to nothing, and the rock is removed out of his place.
ASV: But the mountain falling cometh to nought;
YLT: And yet, a falling mountain wasteth away, And a rock is removed from its place.
Commentary WitnessJob 14:18Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 14:18
Verse 18 The mountain falling cometh to naught - Every thing in nature is exposed to mutability and decay: - even mountains themselves may fall from their bases, and be dashed to pieces; or be suddenly swallowed up by an earthquake; and, by the same means, the strongest and most massive rocks may be removed.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 14:18
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 14:18 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And surely the mountain falling cometh to nought, and the rock is removed out of his place.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 14:19
Hebrew
אֲבָנִים ׀ שָׁחֲקוּ מַיִם תִּשְׁטֹֽף־סְפִיחֶיהָ עֲפַר־אָרֶץ וְתִקְוַת אֱנוֹשׁ הֶאֱבַֽדְתָּ׃'avaniym- -shachaqv-mayim-tishetof-sefiycheyha-'afar-'aretz-vetiqevat-'envosh-he'evadeta
KJV: The waters wear the stones: thou washest away the things which grow out of the dust of the earth; and thou destroyest the hope of man.
AKJV: The waters wear the stones: you wash away the things which grow out of the dust of the earth; and you destroy the hope of man.
ASV: The waters wear the stones;
YLT: Stones have waters worn away, Their outpourings wash away the dust of earth, And the hope of man Thou hast destroyed.
Commentary WitnessJob 14:19Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 14:19
Verse 19 The waters wear the stones - Even the common stones are affected in the same way. Were even earthquakes and violent concussions of nature wanting, the action of water, either running over them as a stream, or even falling upon them in drops, will wear these stones. Hence the proverb: - Gutta cavat lapidem non vi sed saepe cadendo. "Constant droppings will make a hole in a flint." Εκ θαμινης ραθαμιγγος, ὁκως λογος, αιες ιοισας, Χ' ἁ λιθος ες ρωχμον κοιλαινεται. "From frequent dropping, as the proverb says, perpetually falling, even a stone is hollowed into a hole." Thou washest away the things - Alluding to sudden falls of rain occasioning floods, by which the fruits of the earth are swept away; and thus the hope of man - the grain for his household, and provender for his cattle, is destroyed.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 14:19
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 14:19 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'The waters wear the stones: thou washest away the things which grow out of the dust of the earth; and thou destroyest the hope of man.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 14:20
Hebrew
תִּתְקְפֵהוּ לָנֶצַח וַֽיַּהֲלֹךְ מְשַׁנֶּה פָנָיו וַֽתְּשַׁלְּחֵֽהוּ׃titeqefehv-lanetzach-vayahalokhe-meshaneh-fanayv-vateshalechehv
KJV: Thou prevailest for ever against him, and he passeth: thou changest his countenance, and sendest him away.
AKJV: You prevail for ever against him, and he passes: you change his countenance, and send him away.
ASV: Thou prevailest for ever against him, and he passeth;
YLT: Thou prevailest over him for ever, and he goeth, He is changing his countenance, And Thou sendest him away.
Commentary WitnessJob 14:20Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 14:20
Verse 20 Thou prevailest for ever against him - It is impossible for him to withstand thee: every stroke of thine brings him down. Thou changest his countenance - Probably an allusion to the custom of covering the face, when the person was condemned, and sending him away to execution. See the case of Haman, in the note on Esther, Est 7:8 (note).
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 14:20
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Haman
- Esther
Exposition: Job 14:20 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Thou prevailest for ever against him, and he passeth: thou changest his countenance, and sendest him away.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 14:21
Hebrew
יִכְבְּדוּ בָנָיו וְלֹא יֵדָע וְיִצְעֲרוּ וְֽלֹא־יָבִין לָֽמוֹ׃yikhevedv-vanayv-velo'-yeda'-veyitze'arv-velo'-yaviyn-lamvo
KJV: His sons come to honour, and he knoweth it not; and they are brought low, but he perceiveth it not of them.
AKJV: His sons come to honor, and he knows it not; and they are brought low, but he perceives it not of them.
ASV: His sons come to honor, and he knoweth it not;
YLT: Honoured are his sons, and he knoweth not; And they are little, and he attendeth not to them.
Commentary WitnessJob 14:21Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 14:21
Verse 21 His sons come to honor - When dead, he is equally indifferent and unconscious whether his children have met with a splendid or oppressive lot in life; for as to this world, when man dies, in that day all his thoughts perish.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 14:21
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 14:21 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'His sons come to honour, and he knoweth it not; and they are brought low, but he perceiveth it not of them.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 14:22
Hebrew
אַךְ־בְּשָׂרוֹ עָלָיו יִכְאָב וְנַפְשׁוֹ עָלָיו תֶּאֱבָֽל׃'akhe-vesharvo-'alayv-yikhe'av-venafeshvo-'alayv-te'eval
KJV: But his flesh upon him shall have pain, and his soul within him shall mourn.
AKJV: But his flesh on him shall have pain, and his soul within him shall mourn.
ASV: But his flesh upon him hath pain,
YLT: Only--his flesh for him is pained, And his soul for him doth mourn.'
Commentary WitnessJob 14:22Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 14:22
Verse 22 But his flesh upon him shall have pain - The sum of the life of man is this, pain of body and distress of soul; and he is seldom without the one or the other, and often oppressed by both. Thus ends Job's discourse on the miserable state and condition of man. The last verse of the preceding chapter has been differently translated and explained. Mr. Good's version is the following, which he vindicates in a learned note: - For his flesh shall drop away from him; And his soul shall become a waste from him. The Chaldee thus: "Nevertheless his flesh, on account of the worms, shall grieve over him; and his soul, in the house of judgment, shall wail over him." In another copy of this version it is thus: "Nevertheless his flesh, before the window is closed over him, shall grieve; and his soul, for seven days of mourning, shall bewail him in the house of his burial." I shall give the Hebrew: - אך בשרו עליו יכאב Ach besaro alaiv yichab, ונפשו עליו תאבל Venaphsho alaiv teebal. Which Mr. Stock translates thus, both to the spirit and letter: - But over him his flesh shall grieve; And over him his breath shall mourn. "In the daring spirit of oriental poetry," says he, "the flesh, or body, and the breath, are made conscious beings; the former lamenting its putrefaction in the grave, the latter mourning over the mouldering clay which it once enlivened." This version is, in my opinion, the most natural yet offered. The Syriac and Arabic present nearly the same sense: "But his body shall grieve over him; and his soul be astonished over him." Coverdale follows the Vulgate: Whyle he lyveth his flesh must have travayle; and whyle the soul is in him, he must be in sorowe. On Job 14:2. I have referred to the following beautiful lines, which illustrate these finely figurative texts: - He cometh forth as a Flower, and is Cut Down; he fleeth also as a shadow, and continueth not. All flesh is Grass, and all the goodliness thereof is as the Flower of the field. The Grass withereth, the Flower fadeth; but the word of our God shall stand for ever. The morning flowers display their sweets,And gay their silken leaves unfold; As careless of the noonday heats,As fearless of the evening cold. Nipp'd by the wind's untimely blast,Parch'd by the sun's directer ray, The momentary glories waste,The short-lived beauties die away. So blooms the human face divine,When youth its pride of beauty shows; Fairer than spring the colors shine,And sweeter than the virgin rose. Or worn by slowly-rolling years,Or broke by sickness in a day, The fading glory disappears,The short-lived beauties die away. Yet these, new rising from the tomb,With lustre brighter far shall shine; Revive with ever-during bloom,Safe from diseases and decline. Let sickness blast, let death devour,If heaven must recompense our pains: Perish the grass and fade the flower,If firm the word of God remains. See a Collection of Poems on Sundry Occasions, by the Rev. Samuel Wesley, Master of Blundell's School, Tiverton.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 14:22
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Job 14:2
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Vulgate
- Ray
- Mr
- Which Mr
- Flower
- Cut Down
- Grass
- Sundry Occasions
- Rev
- Samuel Wesley
- School
- Tiverton
Exposition: Job 14:22 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But his flesh upon him shall have pain, and his soul within him shall mourn.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Citation trailOpen the commentary counts, references, and named sources.
Scholarly apparatus
Commentary citation index
This chapter now surfaces commentary as quoted witness material with an explicit citation trail. The index below gathers the canonical references and named authorities detected inside the commentary layer for faster academic review.
Direct commentary witnesses
21
Generated editorial witnesses
1
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Canonical references surfaced in commentary
- Job 14:1-4
- Job 14:5-15
- Job 14:16-22
- Job 14:1
- Job 14:22
- Job 14:2
- Job 14:3
- Job 14:4
- Job 14:5
- Job 10:20
- Job 14:6
- Job 14:7
- Job 14:8
- Job 14:9
- Job 14:10
- Job 14:11
- Job 14:12
- Job 14:13
- Job 7:1
- Job 14:14
- Job 14:15
- Job 14:16
- Job 14:17
- Job 14:18
- Job 14:19
- Job 14:20
- Job 14:21
Named authorities or texts surfaced in commentary
- Adam
- Job
- Seventy
- Himself
- Britain
- Septuagint
- Chaldee
- The Septuagint
- Codex Alexandrinus
- Basil
- Valentine
- Norton
- Dastin
- Ripley
- Sandivogius
- Artephius
- Geber
- Van Helmont
- Paracelsus
- Philalethes
- Asia
- Thomas Parr
- Henry Jenkins
- But
- Calmet
- Jericho
- Khosroo
- Echo
- Ah
- And Fate
- Philo
- Bion
- Idyll
- Yea
- Awake
- July
- Green Bag
- East
- Haman
- Esther
- Vulgate
- Ray
- Mr
- Which Mr
- Flower
- Cut Down
- Grass
- Sundry Occasions
- Rev
- Samuel Wesley
- School
- Tiverton
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Commentary Witness
Job 14:1
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 14:1
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness