Apologetics Bible
Read Scripture with the original-language, translation, commentary, and apologetics layers kept close to the text.
Scripture-first study surface. Data layers support reading; they do not replace prayer, context, humility, or the text itself.
Four study layers kept near the text.
The reader keeps Scripture first, then brings original-language notes, translation comparison, commentary witness, and apologetics exposition into an ordered study path without letting the tools outrank the passage.
Hebrew and Greek source shelves sit near the passage with transliteration and morphology notes where the source data is available.
A broad translation-comparison set brings KJV, ASV, YLT, BSB, Darby, and many other renderings near the verse so wording differences can be studied carefully.
Historical witness notes appear where source coverage is available, helping readers compare older interpreters without replacing the passage.
Apologetics exposition helps trace how passages function in canonical argument, what doctrinal claims they touch, and how themes connect across the 66 books.
Open a passage.
Read the text first, then compare available translations, words, witness notes, and defense notes.
Type a Bible reference, then jump into the reader.
Choose a layer, then the reader opens that study surface near the passage.
Summary first. Then the depth.
Each chapter starts with the passage, then keeps the supporting study layers close enough to check without replacing the text.
Book framing comes before the notes: title, placement, authorship questions, and why the passage matters.
The chapter text stays first. Supporting source shelves sit after the passage.
Original language, translation comparison, commentary witness, and apologetics exposition stay grouped around the passage when the supporting data is available.
Start with the passage. Use the tools after the text.
The reader keeps translations, source shelves, original-language data, and verse-linked notes close to Scripture. Open Bible Data for the public shelves, or bring a careful question to DaveAI later.
Read the Word before every witness.
Open the chapter itself first. Summaries, verse waypoints, ancient witnesses, cross-references, and the citation apparatus are here to serve the Word YHWH has given, never to outrank it.
The Bible is the authority here. Notes, languages, witnesses, and defenses sit below the text as servants of faithful study.
Receive the chapter frame
Job is the most penetrating treatment of suffering, divine justice, and epistemological humility in the Hebrew Bible. Its probable date is pre-Mosaic (patriarchal setting), making it one of the oldest compositions in Scripture.
Move with reverence
Move carefully to the section you need
Connected primary witness
- Connected ID:
Job_42
- Primary Witness Text: Then Job answered the LORD, and said, I know that thou canst do every thing, and that no thought can be withholden from thee. Who is he that hideth counsel without knowledge? therefore have I uttered that I understood not; things too wonderful for me, which I knew not. Hear, I beseech thee, and I will speak: I will demand of thee, and declare thou unto me. I have heard of thee by the hearing of the ear: but now mine eye seeth thee. Wherefore I abhor myself, and repent in dust and ashes. And it was so, that after the LORD had spoken these words unto Job, the LORD said to Eliphaz the Temanite, My wrath is kindled against thee, and against thy two friends: for ye have not spoken of me the thing that is right, as my servant Job hath. Therefore take unto you now seven bullocks and seven rams, and go to my servant Job, and offer up for yourselves a burnt offering; and my servant Job shall pray for you: for him will I accept: lest I deal with you after your folly, in that ye have not spoken of me the thing which is right, like my servant Job. So Eliphaz the Temanite and Bildad the Shuhite and Zophar the Naamathite went, and did according as the LORD commanded them: the LORD also accepted Job. And the LORD turned the captivity of Job, when he prayed for his friends: also the LORD gave Job twice as much as he had before. Then came there unto him all his brethren, and all his sisters, and all they that had been of his acquaintance before, and did eat bread with him in his house: and th...
Connected dataset overlay
- Connected ID:
Job_42
- Chapter Blob Preview: Then Job answered the LORD, and said, I know that thou canst do every thing, and that no thought can be withholden from thee. Who is he that hideth counsel without knowledge? therefore have I uttered that I understood not; things too wonderful for me, which I knew not. Hear, I beseech thee, and I will speak: I will demand of thee, and declare thou unto me. I have heard of thee ...
Chapter frameStart here before opening notes.
Chapter frame
Job is the most penetrating treatment of suffering, divine justice, and epistemological humility in the Hebrew Bible. Its probable date is pre-Mosaic (patriarchal setting), making it one of the oldest compositions in Scripture.
Job's friends represent the dominant ancient Near Eastern theodicy: suffering = sin. God's answer from the whirlwind (chs. 38-41) does not explain the suffering but confronts Job with the staggering scale and wisdom of the creation — demanding the creature's epistemological humility before the Creator. Job 19:25-27 ("I know that my Redeemer lives") stands as the OT's most personal resurrection confession.
Verse-by-verse study laneOpen only when you are ready for notes and witnesses.
Verse-by-verse study lane
Job 42:1
Hebrew
וַיַּעַן אִיּוֹב אֶת־יְהוָה וַיֹּאמַֽר׃vaya'an-'iyvov-'et-yehvah-vayo'mar
KJV: Then Job answered the LORD, and said,
AKJV: Then Job answered the LORD, and said,
ASV: Then Job answered Jehovah, and said,
YLT: And Job answereth Jehovah and saith: --
Exposition: Job 42:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then Job answered the LORD, and said,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 42:2
Hebrew
ידעת יָדַעְתִּי כִּי־כֹל תּוּכָל וְלֹא־יִבָּצֵר מִמְּךָ מְזִמָּֽה׃yd't-yada'etiy-khiy-khol-tvkhal-velo'-yivatzer-mimekha-mezimah
KJV: I know that thou canst do every thing, and that no thought can be withholden from thee.
AKJV: I know that you can do every thing, and that no thought can be withheld from you.
ASV: I know that thou canst do all things,
YLT: Thou hast known that for all things Thou art able, And not withheld from Thee is any device:
Commentary Witness (Generated)Job 42:2Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Job 42:2
Job 42:2 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'I know that thou canst do every thing, and that no thought can be withholden from thee.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Job 42:2
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Job 42:2
Exposition: Job 42:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'I know that thou canst do every thing, and that no thought can be withholden from thee.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 42:3
Hebrew
מִי זֶה ׀ מַעְלִים עֵצָה בְּֽלִי דָעַת לָכֵן הִגַּדְתִּי וְלֹא אָבִין נִפְלָאוֹת מִמֶּנִּי וְלֹא אֵדָֽע׃miy-zeh- -ma'eliym-'etzah-veliy-da'at-lakhen-higadetiy-velo'-'aviyn-nifela'vot-mimeniy-velo'-'eda'
KJV: Who is he that hideth counsel without knowledge? therefore have I uttered that I understood not; things too wonderful for me, which I knew not.
AKJV: Who is he that hides counsel without knowledge? therefore have I uttered that I understood not; things too wonderful for me, which I knew not.
ASV: Who is this that hideth counsel without knowledge?
YLT: `Who is this, hiding counsel without knowledge?' Therefore, I have declared, and understand not, Too wonderful for me, and I know not.
Commentary WitnessJob 42:3Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 42:3
Verse 3 Who is he that hideth counsel - These are the words of Job, and they are a repetition of what Jehovah said, Job 38:2 : "Who is this that darkeneth counsel by words without knowledge?" Job now having heard the Almighty's speech, and having received his reproof, echoes back his words: "Who is he that hideth counsel without knowledge Alas, I am the man; I have uttered what I understood not; things too wonderful for me, that I knew not. God had said, Job 38:3 : "Gird up now thy loins like a man; I will demand of thee, and answer thou me." In allusion to this, Job exclaims to his Maker, Job 42:4 : "Hear, I beseech thee, and I will speak: I will ask of Thee, and declare Thou unto Me." I acknowledge my ignorance; I confess my foolishness and presumption; I am ashamed of my conduct; I lament my imperfections; I implore thy mercy; and beg thee to show me thy will, that I may ever think, speak, and do, what is pleasing in thy sight. Things too wonderful - I have spoken of thy judgments, which I did not comprehend.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 42:3
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Job 38:2
- Job 38:3
- Job 42:4
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Job
- Alas
- Maker
- Hear
- Thee
- Me
Exposition: Job 42:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Who is he that hideth counsel without knowledge? therefore have I uttered that I understood not; things too wonderful for me, which I knew not.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 42:4
Hebrew
שְֽׁמַֽע־נָא וְאָנֹכִי אֲדַבֵּר אֶשְׁאָלְךָ וְהוֹדִיעֵֽנִי׃shema'-na'-ve'anokhiy-'adaver-'eshe'alekha-vehvodiy'eniy
KJV: Hear, I beseech thee, and I will speak: I will demand of thee, and declare thou unto me.
AKJV: Hear, I beseech you, and I will speak: I will demand of you, and declare you to me.
ASV: Hear, I beseech thee, and I will speak;
YLT: `Hear, I pray thee, and I--I do speak, I ask thee, and cause thou me to know.'
Commentary Witness (Generated)Job 42:4Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Job 42:4
Job 42:4 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Hear, I beseech thee, and I will speak: I will demand of thee, and declare thou unto me.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Job 42:4
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Job 42:4
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Hear
Exposition: Job 42:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Hear, I beseech thee, and I will speak: I will demand of thee, and declare thou unto me.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 42:5
Hebrew
לְשֵֽׁמַע־אֹזֶן שְׁמַעְתִּיךָ וְעַתָּה עֵינִי רָאָֽתְךָ׃leshema'-'ozen-shema'etiykha-ve'atah-'eyniy-ra'atekha
KJV: I have heard of thee by the hearing of the ear: but now mine eye seeth thee.
AKJV: I have heard of you by the hearing of the ear: but now my eye sees you.
ASV: I had heard of thee by the hearing of the ear;
YLT: By the hearing of the ear I heard Thee, And now mine eye hath seen Thee.
Commentary WitnessJob 42:5Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 42:5
Verse 5 I have heard of thee - I have now such a discovery of thee as I have never had before. I have only heard of thee by tradition, or from imperfect information; now the eye of my mind clearly perceives thee, and in seeing thee, I see myself; for the light that discovers thy glory and excellence, discovers my meanness and vileness.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 42:5
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 42:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'I have heard of thee by the hearing of the ear: but now mine eye seeth thee.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 42:6
Hebrew
עַל־כֵּן אֶמְאַס וְנִחַמְתִּי עַל־עָפָר וָאֵֽפֶר׃'al-khen-'eme'as-venichametiy-'al-'afar-va'efer
KJV: Wherefore I abhor myself, and repent in dust and ashes.
AKJV: Why I abhor myself, and repent in dust and ashes. ¶
ASV: Wherefore I abhor myself,
YLT: Therefore do I loathe it , And I have repented on dust and ashes.
Commentary WitnessJob 42:6Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 42:6
Verse 6 I abhor myself - Compared with thine, my strength is weakness; my wisdom, folly; and my righteousness, impurity. "I loathe myself when thee I see; And into nothing fall." Repent - I am deeply distressed on account of the imaginations of my heart, the words of my tongue, and the acts of my life. I roll myself in the dust, and sprinkle ashes upon my head. Job is now sufficiently humbled at the feet of Jehovah; and having earnestly and piously prayed for instruction, the Lord, in a finishing speech, which appears to be contained in Job 40:1-14, perfects his teaching on the subject of the late controversy, which is concluded with, "When thou canst act like the Almighty," which is, in effect, what the questions and commands amount to in the preceding verses of that chapter, "then will I also confess unto thee, that thy own right hand can save thee." In the fifth verse of the fortieth chapter, Job says, "Once have I spoken." This must refer to the declaration above, in the beginning of this chapter, (42). And he goes on to state, Job 40:5 : "Yea, Twice; but I will proceed no farther." This second time is that in which he uses these words: after which he spoke no more; and the Lord concluded with the remaining part of these fourteen verses, viz., from Job 40:7-14, inclusive. Then the thread of the story, in the form of a narration is resumed at Job 42:7.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 42:6
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Job 40:1-14
- Job 40:5
- Job 40:7-14
- Job 42:7
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Ray
- Jehovah
- Lord
- Almighty
- Yea
- Twice
Exposition: Job 42:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Wherefore I abhor myself, and repent in dust and ashes.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 42:7
Hebrew
וַיְהִי אַחַר דִּבֶּר יְהוָה אֶת־הַדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה אֶל־אִיּוֹב וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל־אֱלִיפַז הַתֵּֽימָנִי חָרָה אַפִּי בְךָ וּבִשְׁנֵי רֵעֶיךָ כִּי לֹא דִבַּרְתֶּם אֵלַי נְכוֹנָה כְּעַבְדִּי אִיּֽוֹב׃vayehiy-'achar-diver-yehvah-'et-hadevariym-ha'eleh-'el-'iyvov-vayo'mer-yehvah-'el-'eliyfaz-hateymaniy-charah-'afiy-vekha-vvisheney-re'eykha-khiy-lo'-divaretem-'elay-nekhvonah-khe'avediy-'iyvov
KJV: And it was so, that after the LORD had spoken these words unto Job, the LORD said to Eliphaz the Temanite, My wrath is kindled against thee, and against thy two friends: for ye have not spoken of me the thing that is right, as my servant Job hath.
AKJV: And it was so, that after the LORD had spoken these words to Job, the LORD said to Eliphaz the Temanite, My wrath is kindled against you, and against your two friends: for you have not spoken of me the thing that is right, as my servant Job has.
ASV: And it was so, that, after Jehovah had spoken these words unto Job, Jehovah said to Eliphaz the Temanite, My wrath is kindled against thee, and against thy two friends; for ye have not spoken of me the thing that is right, as my servant Job hath.
YLT: And it cometh to pass after Jehovah's speaking these words unto Job, that Jehovah saith unto Eliphaz the Temanite, `Burned hath Mine anger against thee, and against thy two friends, because ye have not spoken concerning Me rightly, like My servant Job.
Commentary WitnessJob 42:7Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 42:7
Verse 7 After the Lord had spoken these words - Those recorded at Job 40:7-14; he said to Eliphaz, who was the eldest of the three friends, and chief speaker: Ye have not spoken of me - right. Mr. Peters observes, "It will be difficult to find any thing in the speeches of Eliphaz and his companions which should make the difference here supposed, if we set aside the doctrine of a future state; for in this view the others would speak more worthily of God than Job, by endeavoring to vindicate his providence in the exact distribution of good and evil in this life: whereas Job's assertion, Job 9:22, 'This is one thing, therefore I said it, He destroyeth the perfect and the wicked,' which is the argument on which he all along insists, would, upon this supposition, be directly charging God that he made no distinction between the good and the bad. But now, take the other life into the account, and the thing will appear in quite a contrary light; and we shall easily see the reason why God approves of the sentiments of Job, and condemns those of his friends. For supposing the friends of Job to argue that the righteous are never afflicted without remedy here, nor the wicked prosperous on the whole in this life, which is a wrong representation of God's providence; and Job to argue, on the other hand, that the righteous are sometimes afflicted here, and that without remedy, but shall be rewarded in the life to come; and that the wicked prosper here, but shall be punished hereafter, which is the true representation of the Divine proceedings; and here is a very apparent difference in the drift of the one's discourse, and of the others'. For Job, in this view, speaks worthily of God, and the rest unworthily. The best moral argument that mankind have ever had to believe in a life to come, is that which Job insists on - that good and evil are, for the most part, dealt out here promiscuously. On the contrary, the topic urged by his friends, and which they push a great deal too far, that God rewards and punishes in this world, tends, in its consequences, like that other opinion which was held by the stoics in after times, that virtue is its own reward, to sap the very foundation of that proof we have, from reason, of another life. No wonder, therefore, that the sentiments of the one are approved, and those of the other condemned."
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 42:7
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Job 40:7-14
- Job 9:22
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Ovid
- Eliphaz
- Mr
- Job
- For Job
Exposition: Job 42:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And it was so, that after the LORD had spoken these words unto Job, the LORD said to Eliphaz the Temanite, My wrath is kindled against thee, and against thy two friends: for ye have not spoken of me the thing that is...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 42:8
Hebrew
וְעַתָּה קְחֽוּ־לָכֶם שִׁבְעָֽה־פָרִים וְשִׁבְעָה אֵילִים וּלְכוּ ׀ אֶל־עַבְדִּי אִיּוֹב וְהַעֲלִיתֶם עוֹלָה בּֽ͏ַעַדְכֶם וְאִיּוֹב עַבְדִּי יִתְפַּלֵּל עֲלֵיכֶם כִּי אִם־פָּנָיו אֶשָּׂא לְבִלְתִּי עֲשׂוֹת עִמָּכֶם נְבָלָה כִּי לֹא דִבַּרְתֶּם אֵלַי נְכוֹנָה כְּעַבְדִּי אִיּֽוֹב׃ve'atah-qechv-lakhem-shive'ah-fariym-veshive'ah-'eyliym-vlekhv- -'el-'avediy-'iyvov-veha'aliytem-'volah-va'adekhem-ve'iyvov-'avediy-yitefalel-'aleykhem-khiy-'im-fanayv-'esha'-leviletiy-'ashvot-'imakhem-nevalah-khiy-lo'-divaretem-'elay-nekhvonah-khe'avediy-'iyvov
KJV: Therefore take unto you now seven bullocks and seven rams, and go to my servant Job, and offer up for yourselves a burnt offering; and my servant Job shall pray for you: for him will I accept: lest I deal with you after your folly, in that ye have not spoken of me the thing which is right, like my servant Job.
AKJV: Therefore take to you now seven bullocks and seven rams, and go to my servant Job, and offer up for yourselves a burnt offering; and my servant Job shall pray for you: for him will I accept: lest I deal with you after your folly, in that you have not spoken of me the thing which is right, like my servant Job.
ASV: Now therefore, take unto you seven bullocks and seven rams, and go to my servant Job, and offer up for yourselves a burnt-offering; and my servant Job shall pray for you; for him will I accept, that I deal not with you after your folly; for ye have not spoken of me the thing that is right, as my servant Job hath.
YLT: And now, take to you seven bullocks and seven rams, and go ye unto My servant Job, and ye have caused a burnt-offering to ascend for you; and Job My servant doth pray for you, for surely his face I accept, so as not to do with you folly, because ye have not spoken concerning Me rightly, like My servant Job.
Commentary WitnessJob 42:8Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 42:8
Verse 8 Take - seven bullocks and seven rams - From this it appears that Job was considered a priest, not only in his own family but also for others. For his children he offered burnt-offerings, Job 1:5; and now he is to make the same kind of offerings, accompanied with intercession, in behalf of his three friends. This is a full proof of the innocence and integrity of Job: a more decided one could not be given, that the accusations of his friends, and their bitter speeches, were as untrue as they were malevolent. God thus clears his character, and confounds their devices.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 42:8
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Job 1:5
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Job
Exposition: Job 42:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Therefore take unto you now seven bullocks and seven rams, and go to my servant Job, and offer up for yourselves a burnt offering; and my servant Job shall pray for you: for him will I accept: lest I deal with you aft...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 42:9
Hebrew
וַיֵּלְכוּ אֱלִיפַז הַתֵּֽימָנִי וּבִלְדַּד הַשּׁוּחִי צֹפַר הַנַּעֲמָתִי וַֽיַּעֲשׂוּ כַּאֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר אֲלֵיהֶם יְהוָה וַיִּשָּׂא יְהוָה אֶת־פְּנֵי אִיּֽוֹב׃vayelekhv-'eliyfaz-hateymaniy-vviledad-hashvchiy-tzofar-hana'amatiy-vaya'ashv-kha'asher-diver-'aleyhem-yehvah-vayisha'-yehvah-'et-feney-'iyvov
KJV: So Eliphaz the Temanite and Bildad the Shuhite and Zophar the Naamathite went, and did according as the LORD commanded them: the LORD also accepted Job.
AKJV: So Eliphaz the Temanite and Bildad the Shuhite and Zophar the Naamathite went, and did according as the LORD commanded them: the LORD also accepted Job.
ASV: So Eliphaz the Temanite and Bildad the Shuhite and Zophar the Naamathite went, and did according as Jehovah commanded them: and Jehovah accepted Job.
YLT: And they go--Eliphaz the Temanite, and Bildad the Shuhite, Zophar the Naamathite--and do as Jehovah hath spoken unto them; and Jehovah doth accept the face of Job.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Job 42:9Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Job 42:9
Job 42:9 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'So Eliphaz the Temanite and Bildad the Shuhite and Zophar the Naamathite went, and did according as the LORD commanded them: the LORD also accepted Job.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Job 42:9
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Job 42:9
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Job
Exposition: Job 42:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'So Eliphaz the Temanite and Bildad the Shuhite and Zophar the Naamathite went, and did according as the LORD commanded them: the LORD also accepted Job.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 42:10
Hebrew
וַֽיהוָה שָׁב אֶת־שבית שְׁבוּת אִיּוֹב בְּהִֽתְפַּֽלְלוֹ בְּעַד רֵעֵהוּ וַיֹּסֶף יְהוָה אֶת־כָּל־אֲשֶׁר לְאִיּוֹב לְמִשְׁנֶֽה׃vayhvah-shav-'et-shvyt-shevvt-'iyvov-vehitefalelvo-ve'ad-re'ehv-vayosef-yehvah-'et-khal-'asher-le'iyvov-lemisheneh
KJV: And the LORD turned the captivity of Job, when he prayed for his friends: also the LORD gave Job twice as much as he had before.
AKJV: And the LORD turned the captivity of Job, when he prayed for his friends: also the LORD gave Job twice as much as he had before.
ASV: And Jehovah turned the captivity of Job, when he prayed for his friends: and Jehovah gave Job twice as much as he had before.
YLT: And Jehovah hath turned to the captivity of Job in his praying for his friends, and Jehovah doth add to all that Job hath--to double.
Commentary WitnessJob 42:10Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 42:10
Verse 10 The Lord turned the captivity of Job - The Vulgate has: Dominus quoque conversus est ad poenitentiam Job; "And the Lord turned Job to repentance." The Chaldee: "The Word of the Lord (מימרא דיי meymera dayai) turned the captivity of Job." There is a remark which these words suggest, which has been rarely, if at all, noticed. It is said that the Lord turned the captivity of Job When He Prayed for His Friends. He had suffered much through the unkindness of these friends; they had criticised his conduct without feeling or mercy; and he had just cause to be irritated against them: and that he had such a feeling towards them, several parts of his discourses sufficiently prove. God was now about to show Job his mercy; but mercy can be shown only to the merciful; Job must forgive his unfeeling friends, if he would be forgiven by the Lord; he directs him, therefore, to pray for them, Job 42:8. He who can pray for another cannot entertain enmity against him: Job did so, and when he prayed for his friends, God turned the captivity of Job. "Forgive, and ye shall be forgiven." Some suppose that Job, being miraculously restored, armed his servants and remaining friends, and fell upon those who had spoiled him; and not only recovered his own property, but also spoiled the spoilers, and thus his substance became double what it was before. Of this I do not see any intimation in the sacred text.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 42:10
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Job 42:8
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Vulgate
- Ray
- Job
- The Chaldee
- His Friends
- Lord
- Forgive
Exposition: Job 42:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the LORD turned the captivity of Job, when he prayed for his friends: also the LORD gave Job twice as much as he had before.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 42:11
Hebrew
וַיָּבֹאוּ אֵלָיו כָּל־אֶחָיו וְכָל־אחיתיו אַחְיוֹתָיו וְכָל־יֹדְעָיו לְפָנִים וַיֹּאכְלוּ עִמּוֹ לֶחֶם בְּבֵיתוֹ וַיָּנֻדוּ לוֹ וַיְנַחֲמוּ אֹתוֹ עַל כָּל־הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר־הֵבִיא יְהוָה עָלָיו וַיִּתְּנוּ־לוֹ אִישׁ קְשִׂיטָה אֶחָת וְאִישׁ נֶזֶם זָהָב אֶחָֽד׃vayavo'v-'elayv-khal-'echayv-vekhal-'chytyv-'acheyvotayv-vekhal-yode'ayv-lefaniym-vayo'khelv-'imvo-lechem-veveytvo-vayanudv-lvo-vayenachamv-'otvo-'al-khal-hara'ah-'asher-heviy'-yehvah-'alayv-vayitenv-lvo-'iysh-qeshiytah-'echat-ve'iysh-nezem-zahav-'echad
KJV: Then came there unto him all his brethren, and all his sisters, and all they that had been of his acquaintance before, and did eat bread with him in his house: and they bemoaned him, and comforted him over all the evil that the LORD had brought upon him: every man also gave him a piece of money, and every one an earring of gold.
AKJV: Then came there to him all his brothers, and all his sisters, and all they that had been of his acquaintance before, and did eat bread with him in his house: and they bemoaned him, and comforted him over all the evil that the LORD had brought on him: every man also gave him a piece of money, and every one an earring of gold.
ASV: Then came there unto him all his brethren, and all his sisters, and all they that had been of his acquaintance before, and did eat bread with him in his house: and they bemoaned him, and comforted him concerning all the evil that Jehovah had brought upon him: every man also gave him a piece of money, and every one a ring of gold.
YLT: And come unto him do all his brethren, and all his sisters, and all his former acquaintances, and they eat bread with him in his house, and bemoan him, and comfort him concerning all the evil that Jehovah had brought upon him, and they gave to him each one kesitah, and each one ring of gold.
Commentary WitnessJob 42:11Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 42:11
Verse 11 Then came there unto him all his brethren - "Job being restored to his former health and fortunes, the author," says Mr. Heath, "presents us with a striking view of human friendship. His brethren, who, in the time of his affliction, kept at a distance from him; his kinsfolk, who ceased to know him; his familiar friends, who had forgotten him; and his acquaintance, who had made themselves perfect strangers to him; those to whom he had showed kindness, and who yet had ungratefully neglected him, on the return of his prosperity now come and condole with him, desirous of renewing former familiarity; and, according to the custom of the Eastern countries, where there is no approaching a great man without a present, each brings him a kesitah, each a jewel of gold." See Job 42:12. A piece of money - קשיטה kesitah signifies a lamb; and it is supposed that this piece of money had a lamb stamped on it, as that quantity of gold was generally the current value for a lamb. See my note on Gen 33:19 (note), where the subject is largely considered. The Vulgate, Chaldee, Septuagint, Arabic, and Syriac, have one lamb or sheep; so it appears that they did not understand the kesitah as implying a piece of money of any kind, but a sheep or a lamb. Earring of gold - Literally, a nose-jewel. The Septuagint translate, τετραδραχμον χρυσου, a tetra-drachm of gold, or golden daric; but by adding και ασημου, unstamped, they intimate that it was four drachms of uncoined gold.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 42:11
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Job 42:12
- Gen 33:19
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Septuagint
- Vulgate
- Mr
- Heath
- The Vulgate
- Chaldee
- Arabic
- Syriac
- Literally
Exposition: Job 42:11 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then came there unto him all his brethren, and all his sisters, and all they that had been of his acquaintance before, and did eat bread with him in his house: and they bemoaned him, and comforted him over all the evi...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 42:12
Hebrew
וַֽיהוָה בֵּרַךְ אֶת־אַחֲרִית אִיּוֹב מֵרֵאשִׁתוֹ וַֽיְהִי־לוֹ אַרְבָּעָה עָשָׂר אֶלֶף צֹאן וְשֵׁשֶׁת אֲלָפִים גְּמַלִּים וְאֶֽלֶף־צֶמֶד בָּקָר וְאֶלֶף אֲתוֹנֽוֹת׃vayhvah-verakhe-'et-'achariyt-'iyvov-mere'shitvo-vayehiy-lvo-'areva'ah-'ashar-'elef-tzo'n-vesheshet-'alafiym-gemaliym-ve'elef-tzemed-vaqar-ve'elef-'atvonvot
KJV: So the LORD blessed the latter end of Job more than his beginning: for he had fourteen thousand sheep, and six thousand camels, and a thousand yoke of oxen, and a thousand she asses.
AKJV: So the LORD blessed the latter end of Job more than his beginning: for he had fourteen thousand sheep, and six thousand camels, and a thousand yoke of oxen, and a thousand she asses.
ASV: So Jehovah blessed the latter end of Job more than his beginning: and he had fourteen thousand sheep, and six thousand camels, and a thousand yoke of oxen, and a thousand she-asses.
YLT: And Jehovah hath blessed the latter end of Job more than his beginning, and he hath fourteen thousand of a flock, and six thousand camels, and a thousand pairs of oxen, and a thousand she-asses.
Commentary WitnessJob 42:12Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 42:12
Verse 12 The Lord blessed the latter end of Job - Was it not in consequence of his friends bringing him a lamb, sheep, or other kind of cattle, and the quantity of gold mentioned, that his stock of sheep was increased so speedily to 14,000, his camels to 6000, his oxen to 2000, and his she-asses to 1000? Mr. Heath takes the story of the conduct of Job's friends by the worst handle; see Job 42:11. Is it not likely that they themselves were the cause of his sudden accumulation of property? and that they did not visit him, nor seek his familiarity because he was now prosperous; but because they saw that God had turned his captivity, and miraculously healed him? This gave them full proof of his innocence, and they no longer considered him an anathema, or devoted person, whom they should avoid and detest, but one who had been suffering under a strange dispensation of Divine Providence, and who was now no longer a suspicious character, but a favourite of heaven, to whom they should show every possible kindness. They therefore joined hands with God to make the poor man live and their presents were the cause, under God of his restoration to affluence. This takes the subject by the other handle; and I think, as far as the text is concerned, by the right one. He had fourteen thousand sheep - The reader, by referring to Job 1:3, will perceive that the whole of Job's property was exactly doubled.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 42:12
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Job 42:11
- Job 1:3
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Ovid
- Mr
- Divine Providence
Exposition: Job 42:12 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'So the LORD blessed the latter end of Job more than his beginning: for he had fourteen thousand sheep, and six thousand camels, and a thousand yoke of oxen, and a thousand she asses.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 42:13
Hebrew
וַֽיְהִי־לוֹ שִׁבְעָנָה בָנִים וְשָׁלוֹשׁ בָּנֽוֹת׃vayehiy-lvo-shive'anah-vaniym-veshalvosh-vanvot
KJV: He had also seven sons and three daughters.
AKJV: He had also seven sons and three daughters.
ASV: He had also seven sons and three daughters.
YLT: And he hath seven sons and three daughters;
Commentary WitnessJob 42:13Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 42:13
Verse 13 Seven sons and three daughters - This was the same number as before; and so the Vulgate, Septuagint, Syriac, and Arabic read: but the Chaldee doubles the sons, "And he had fourteen sons, and three daughters."
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 42:13
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Septuagint
- Vulgate
- Syriac
Exposition: Job 42:13 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'He had also seven sons and three daughters.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 42:14
Hebrew
וַיִּקְרָא שֵׁם־הָֽאַחַת יְמִימָה וְשֵׁם הַשֵּׁנִית קְצִיעָה וְשֵׁם הַשְּׁלִישִׁית קֶרֶן הַפּֽוּךְ׃vayiqera'-shem-ha'achat-yemiymah-veshem-hasheniyt-qetziy'ah-veshem-hasheliyshiyt-qeren-hafvkhe
KJV: And he called the name of the first, Jemima; and the name of the second, Kezia; and the name of the third, Keren–happuch.
AKJV: And he called the name of the first, Jemima; and the name of the second, Kezia; and the name of the third, Kerenhappuch.
ASV: And he called the name of the first, Jemimah; and the name of the second, Keziah; and the name of the third, Keren-happuch.
YLT: and he calleth the name of the one Jemima, and the name of the second Kezia, and the name of the third Keren-Happuch.
Commentary WitnessJob 42:14Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 42:14
Verse 14 The name of the first Jemima - ימימה yemimah, days upon days. Kezia - קציעה ketsiah, cassia, a well-known aromatic plant. And, Keren-happuch - קרן הפוך keren happuch, the inverted or flowing horn, cornucopiae, the horn of plenty. The Chaldee will not permit these names to pass without a comment, to show the reason of their imposition: "He called the first Jemimah, because she was as fair as the day; the second Ketsiah, because she was as precious as cassia; the third Keren-happuch, because her face was as splendid as the emerald." Cardmarden's Bible, 1566, has the Hebrew names. The Vulgate has, "He called the name of one Day, of the second Cassia, and of the third The Horn of Antimony." The versions in general preserve these names, only the Septuagint, Syriac, and Arabic translate Jemimah, Day; and the former for Keren-happuch has Αμαλθαιας κερας, the horn of Amalthea. This refers to an ancient fable. Amalthea was the nurse of Jupiter, and fed him with goat's milk when he was young. The goat having by accident her horn struck off, Jupiter translated the animal to the heavens, and gave her a place among the constellations, which she still holds; and made the horn the emblem of plenty: hence it is always pictured or described as filled with fruits, flowers, and the necessaries and luxuries of life. It is very strange how this fable got into the Septuagint. Coverdale is singular: The first he called Daye, the seconde Poverte, the thirde, All plenteousnes.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 42:14
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Septuagint
- Vulgate
- And
- Jemimah
- Ketsiah
- Bible
- Cassia
- Antimony
- Syriac
- Amalthea
- Jupiter
- Daye
- Poverte
Exposition: Job 42:14 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he called the name of the first, Jemima; and the name of the second, Kezia; and the name of the third, Keren–happuch.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 42:15
Hebrew
וְלֹא נִמְצָא נָשִׁים יָפוֹת כִּבְנוֹת אִיּוֹב בְּכָל־הָאָרֶץ וַיִּתֵּן לָהֶם אֲבִיהֶם נַחֲלָה בְּתוֹךְ אֲחֵיהֶֽם׃velo'-nimetza'-nashiym-yafvot-khivenvot-'iyvov-vekhal-ha'aretz-vayiten-lahem-'aviyhem-nachalah-vetvokhe-'acheyhem
KJV: And in all the land were no women found so fair as the daughters of Job: and their father gave them inheritance among their brethren.
AKJV: And in all the land were no women found so fair as the daughters of Job: and their father gave them inheritance among their brothers.
ASV: And in all the land were no women found so fair as the daughters of Job: and their father gave them inheritance among their brethren.
YLT: And there have not been found women fair as the daughters of Job in all the land, and their father doth give to them an inheritance in the midst of their brethren.
Commentary WitnessJob 42:15Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 42:15
Verse 15 Gave them inheritance among their brethren - This seems to refer to the history of the daughters of Zelophehad, given Num 28:1-8, who appear to have been the first who were allowed an inheritance among their brethren.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 42:15
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Num 28:1-8
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Zelophehad
Exposition: Job 42:15 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And in all the land were no women found so fair as the daughters of Job: and their father gave them inheritance among their brethren.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 42:16
Hebrew
וַיְחִי אִיּוֹב אַֽחֲרֵי־זֹאת מֵאָה וְאַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה וירא וַיִּרְאֶה אֶת־בָּנָיו וְאֶת־בְּנֵי בָנָיו אַרְבָּעָה דֹּרֽוֹת׃vayechiy-'iyvov-'acharey-zo't-me'ah-ve'areva'iym-shanah-vyr'-vayire'eh-'et-vanayv-ve'et-veney-vanayv-'areva'ah-dorvot
KJV: After this lived Job an hundred and forty years, and saw his sons, and his sons’ sons, even four generations.
AKJV: After this lived Job an hundred and forty years, and saw his sons, and his sons’ sons, even four generations.
ASV: And after this Job lived a hundred and forty years, and saw his sons, and his sons’ sons, even four generations.
YLT: And Job liveth after this a hundred and forty years, and seeth his sons, and his sons' sons, four generations;
Commentary WitnessJob 42:16Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 42:16
Verse 16 After this lived Job a hundred and forty years - How long he had lived before his afflictions, we cannot tell. If we could rely on the Septuagint, all would be plain, who add here, Τα δε παντα ετη εζησεν, διακοσια τεσσαρακοντα; "And all the years that Job lived were two hundred and forty." This makes him one hundred years of age when his trial commenced. Coverdale has, After this lyved Job forty yeares, omitting the hundred. So also in Becke's Bible, 1549. From the age, as marked down in the Hebrew text, we can infer nothing relative to the time when Job lived. See the subscription at the end of the Arabic.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 42:16
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Septuagint
- Bible
- Arabic
Exposition: Job 42:16 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'After this lived Job an hundred and forty years, and saw his sons, and his sons’ sons, even four generations.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 42:17
Hebrew
וַיָּמָת אִיּוֹב זָקֵן וּשְׂבַע יָמִֽים׃ 1070 42 4 4vayamat-'iyvov-zaqen-vsheva'-yamiym
KJV: So Job died, being old and full of days.
AKJV: So Job died, being old and full of days.
ASV: So Job died, being old and full of days.
YLT: and Job dieth, aged and satisfied with days.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Job 42:17Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Job 42:17
Job 42:17 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'So Job died, being old and full of days.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Job 42:17
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Job 42:17
Exposition: Job 42:17 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'So Job died, being old and full of days.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Citation trailOpen the commentary counts, references, and named sources.
Scholarly apparatus
Commentary citation index
This chapter now surfaces commentary as quoted witness material with an explicit citation trail. The index below gathers the canonical references and named authorities detected inside the commentary layer for faster academic review.
Direct commentary witnesses
13
Generated editorial witnesses
4
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Canonical references surfaced in commentary
- Job 42:1-6
- Job 42:7-9
- Job 42:10
- Job 42:11
- Job 42:12
- Job 42:13-15
- Job 42:16
- Job 42:17
- Job 42:1
- Job 42:2
- Job 38:2
- Job 38:3
- Job 42:4
- Job 42:3
- Job 42:5
- Job 40:1-14
- Job 40:5
- Job 40:7-14
- Job 42:7
- Job 42:6
- Job 9:22
- Job 1:5
- Job 42:8
- Job 42:9
- Gen 33:19
- Job 1:3
- Job 42:13
- Job 42:14
- Num 28:1-8
- Job 42:15
Named authorities or texts surfaced in commentary
- Maker
- Job
- Alas
- Hear
- Thee
- Me
- Ray
- Jehovah
- Lord
- Almighty
- Yea
- Twice
- Ovid
- Eliphaz
- Mr
- For Job
- Vulgate
- The Chaldee
- His Friends
- Forgive
- Septuagint
- Heath
- The Vulgate
- Chaldee
- Arabic
- Syriac
- Literally
- Divine Providence
- And
- Jemimah
- Ketsiah
- Bible
- Cassia
- Antimony
- Amalthea
- Jupiter
- Daye
- Poverte
- Zelophehad
Book directory Open the 66-book reader directory Use this when you need a specific book. The passage reader above stays first.
Choose a book and open the reader.
Each card opens chapter 1 for that canonical book. The directory is here for navigation, not as the first thing a visitor has to read.
Examples: Genesis, Psalms, Gospels, prophets, Romans, Revelation.
Genesis
Rendered chapters 1–50 are mapped to the public reader path for Genesis. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Exodus
Rendered chapters 1–40 are mapped to the public reader path for Exodus. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Leviticus
Rendered chapters 1–27 are mapped to the public reader path for Leviticus. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Numbers
Rendered chapters 1–36 are mapped to the public reader path for Numbers. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Deuteronomy
Rendered chapters 1–34 are mapped to the public reader path for Deuteronomy. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Joshua
Rendered chapters 1–24 are mapped to the public reader path for Joshua. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Judges
Rendered chapters 1–21 are mapped to the public reader path for Judges. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Ruth
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Ruth. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Samuel
Rendered chapters 1–31 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Samuel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Samuel
Rendered chapters 1–24 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Samuel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Kings
Rendered chapters 1–22 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Kings. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Kings
Rendered chapters 1–25 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Kings. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Chronicles
Rendered chapters 1–29 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Chronicles. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Chronicles
Rendered chapters 1–36 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Chronicles. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Ezra
Rendered chapters 1–10 are mapped to the public reader path for Ezra. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Nehemiah
Rendered chapters 1–13 are mapped to the public reader path for Nehemiah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Esther
Rendered chapters 1–10 are mapped to the public reader path for Esther. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Job
Rendered chapters 1–42 are mapped to the public reader path for Job. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Psalms
Rendered chapters 1–150 are mapped to the public reader path for Psalms. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Proverbs
Rendered chapters 1–31 are mapped to the public reader path for Proverbs. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Ecclesiastes
Rendered chapters 1–12 are mapped to the public reader path for Ecclesiastes. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Song of Solomon
Rendered chapters 1–8 are mapped to the public reader path for Song of Solomon. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Isaiah
Rendered chapters 1–66 are mapped to the public reader path for Isaiah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Jeremiah
Rendered chapters 1–52 are mapped to the public reader path for Jeremiah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Lamentations
Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for Lamentations. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Ezekiel
Rendered chapters 1–48 are mapped to the public reader path for Ezekiel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Daniel
Rendered chapters 1–12 are mapped to the public reader path for Daniel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Hosea
Rendered chapters 1–14 are mapped to the public reader path for Hosea. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Joel
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Joel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Amos
Rendered chapters 1–9 are mapped to the public reader path for Amos. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Obadiah
Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for Obadiah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Jonah
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Jonah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Micah
Rendered chapters 1–7 are mapped to the public reader path for Micah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Nahum
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Nahum. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Habakkuk
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Habakkuk. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Zephaniah
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Zephaniah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Haggai
Rendered chapters 1–2 are mapped to the public reader path for Haggai. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Zechariah
Rendered chapters 1–14 are mapped to the public reader path for Zechariah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Malachi
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Malachi. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Matthew
Rendered chapters 1–28 are mapped to the public reader path for Matthew. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Mark
Rendered chapters 1–16 are mapped to the public reader path for Mark. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Luke
Rendered chapters 1–24 are mapped to the public reader path for Luke. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
John
Rendered chapters 1–21 are mapped to the public reader path for John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Acts
Rendered chapters 1–28 are mapped to the public reader path for Acts. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Romans
Rendered chapters 1–16 are mapped to the public reader path for Romans. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Corinthians
Rendered chapters 1–16 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Corinthians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Corinthians
Rendered chapters 1–13 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Corinthians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Galatians
Rendered chapters 1–6 are mapped to the public reader path for Galatians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Ephesians
Rendered chapters 1–6 are mapped to the public reader path for Ephesians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Philippians
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Philippians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Colossians
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Colossians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Thessalonians
Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Thessalonians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Thessalonians
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Thessalonians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Timothy
Rendered chapters 1–6 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Timothy. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Timothy
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Timothy. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Titus
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Titus. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Philemon
Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for Philemon. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Hebrews
Rendered chapters 1–13 are mapped to the public reader path for Hebrews. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
James
Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for James. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Peter
Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Peter. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Peter
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Peter. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 John
Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 John
Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
3 John
Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for 3 John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Jude
Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for Jude. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Revelation
Rendered chapters 1–22 are mapped to the public reader path for Revelation. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
No book matched that filter yet
Try a book name like Genesis, Psalms, Romans, or Revelation, or switch back to a broader testament filter.
What this explorer shows today
The public reader has book-by-book chapter entry points across the 66-book canon. Deeper corpus and provenance details stay on the supporting Bible Data shelves.
Return to Apologetics Bible Use Bible Insights Use Bible Data
Commentary Witness
Job 42:1
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 42:1
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness