Apologetics Bible
Read Scripture with the original-language, translation, commentary, and apologetics layers kept close to the text.
Scripture-first study surface. Data layers support reading; they do not replace prayer, context, humility, or the text itself.
Four study layers kept near the text.
The reader keeps Scripture first, then brings original-language notes, translation comparison, commentary witness, and apologetics exposition into an ordered study path without letting the tools outrank the passage.
Hebrew and Greek source shelves sit near the passage with transliteration and morphology notes where the source data is available.
A broad translation-comparison set brings KJV, ASV, YLT, BSB, Darby, and many other renderings near the verse so wording differences can be studied carefully.
Historical witness notes appear where source coverage is available, helping readers compare older interpreters without replacing the passage.
Apologetics exposition helps trace how passages function in canonical argument, what doctrinal claims they touch, and how themes connect across the 66 books.
Open a passage.
Read the text first, then compare available translations, words, witness notes, and defense notes.
Type a Bible reference, then jump into the reader.
Choose a layer, then the reader opens that study surface near the passage.
Summary first. Then the depth.
Each chapter starts with the passage, then keeps the supporting study layers close enough to check without replacing the text.
Book framing comes before the notes: title, placement, authorship questions, and why the passage matters.
The chapter text stays first. Supporting source shelves sit after the passage.
Original language, translation comparison, commentary witness, and apologetics exposition stay grouped around the passage when the supporting data is available.
Start with the passage. Use the tools after the text.
The reader keeps translations, source shelves, original-language data, and verse-linked notes close to Scripture. Open Bible Data for the public shelves, or bring a careful question to DaveAI later.
Read the Word before every witness.
Open the chapter itself first. Summaries, verse waypoints, ancient witnesses, cross-references, and the citation apparatus are here to serve the Word YHWH has given, never to outrank it.
The Bible is the authority here. Notes, languages, witnesses, and defenses sit below the text as servants of faithful study.
Receive the chapter frame
Job is the most penetrating treatment of suffering, divine justice, and epistemological humility in the Hebrew Bible. Its probable date is pre-Mosaic (patriarchal setting), making it one of the oldest compositions in Scripture.
Move with reverence
Move carefully to the section you need
Connected primary witness
- Connected ID:
Job_9
- Primary Witness Text: Then Job answered and said, I know it is so of a truth: but how should man be just with God? If he will contend with him, he cannot answer him one of a thousand. He is wise in heart, and mighty in strength: who hath hardened himself against him, and hath prospered? Which removeth the mountains, and they know not: which overturneth them in his anger. Which shaketh the earth out of her place, and the pillars thereof tremble. Which commandeth the sun, and it riseth not; and sealeth up the stars. Which alone spreadeth out the heavens, and treadeth upon the waves of the sea. Which maketh Arcturus, Orion, and Pleiades, and the chambers of the south. Which doeth great things past finding out; yea, and wonders without number. Lo, he goeth by me, and I see him not: he passeth on also, but I perceive him not. Behold, he taketh away, who can hinder him? who will say unto him, What doest thou? If God will not withdraw his anger, the proud helpers do stoop under him. How much less shall I answer him, and choose out my words to reason with him? Whom, though I were righteous, yet would I not answer, but I would make supplication to my judge. If I had called, and he had answered me; yet would I not believe that he had hearkened unto my voice. For he breaketh me with a tempest, and multiplieth my wounds without cause. He will not suffer me to take my breath, but filleth me with bitterness. If I speak of strength, lo, he is strong: and if of judgment, who shall set me a time to plead? If I jus...
Connected dataset overlay
- Connected ID:
Job_9
- Chapter Blob Preview: Then Job answered and said, I know it is so of a truth: but how should man be just with God? If he will contend with him, he cannot answer him one of a thousand. He is wise in heart, and mighty in strength: who hath hardened himself against him, and hath prospered? Which removeth the mountains, and they know not: which overturneth them in his anger. Which shaketh the earth out ...
Chapter frameStart here before opening notes.
Chapter frame
Job is the most penetrating treatment of suffering, divine justice, and epistemological humility in the Hebrew Bible. Its probable date is pre-Mosaic (patriarchal setting), making it one of the oldest compositions in Scripture.
Job's friends represent the dominant ancient Near Eastern theodicy: suffering = sin. God's answer from the whirlwind (chs. 38-41) does not explain the suffering but confronts Job with the staggering scale and wisdom of the creation — demanding the creature's epistemological humility before the Creator. Job 19:25-27 ("I know that my Redeemer lives") stands as the OT's most personal resurrection confession.
Verse-by-verse study laneOpen only when you are ready for notes and witnesses.
Verse-by-verse study lane
Job 9:1
Hebrew
וַיַּעַן אִיּוֹב וַיֹּאמַֽר׃vaya'an-'iyvov-vayo'mar
KJV: Then Job answered and said,
AKJV: Then Job answered and said,
ASV: Then Job answered and said,
YLT: And Job answereth and saith: --
Exposition: Job 9:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then Job answered and said,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:2
Hebrew
אָמְנָם יָדַעְתִּי כִי־כֵן וּמַה־יִּצְדַּק אֱנוֹשׁ עִם־אֵֽל׃'amenam-yada'etiy-khiy-khen-vmah-yitzedaq-'envosh-'im-'el
KJV: I know it is so of a truth: but how should man be just with God?
AKJV: I know it is so of a truth: but how should man be just with God?
ASV: Of a truth I know that it is so:
YLT: Truly I have known that it is so, And what--is man righteous with God?
Commentary WitnessJob 9:2Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:2
Verse 2 I know it is so of a truth - I acknowledge the general truth of the maxims you have advanced. God will not ultimately punish a righteous person, nor shall the wicked finally triumph; and though righteous before man, and truly sincere in my piety, yet I know, when compared with the immaculate holiness of God, all my righteousness is nothing.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:2
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 9:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'I know it is so of a truth: but how should man be just with God?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:3
Hebrew
אִם־יַחְפֹּץ לָרִיב עִמּוֹ לֹֽא־יַעֲנֶנּוּ אַחַת מִנִּי־אָֽלֶף׃'im-yachefotz-lariyv-'imvo-lo'-ya'anenv-'achat-miniy-'alef
KJV: If he will contend with him, he cannot answer him one of a thousand.
AKJV: If he will contend with him, he cannot answer him one of a thousand.
ASV: If he be pleased to contend with him,
YLT: If he delight to strive with Him--He doth not answer him one of a thousand.
Commentary WitnessJob 9:3Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:3
Verse 3 If he will contend with him - God is so holy, and his law so strict, that if he will enter into judgment with his creatures, the most upright of them cannot be justified in his sight. One of a thousand - Of a thousand offenses of which he may be accused he cannot vindicate himself even in one. How little that any man does, even in the way of righteousness, truth, and mercy, can stand the penetrating eye of a just and holy God, when all motives, feelings, and objects, come to be scrutinized in his sight, on this ground, no man living can be justified. O, how necessary to fallen, weak, miserable, imperfect and sinful man, is the doctrine of justification by faith, and sanctification through the Divine Spirit, by the sacrificial death and mediation of the Lord Jesus Christ!
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:3
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Jesus
- Divine Spirit
Exposition: Job 9:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'If he will contend with him, he cannot answer him one of a thousand.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:4
Hebrew
חֲכַם לֵבָב וְאַמִּיץ כֹּחַ מִֽי־הִקְשָׁה אֵלָיו וַיִּשְׁלָֽם׃chakham-levav-ve'amiytz-khocha-miy-hiqeshah-'elayv-vayishelam
KJV: He is wise in heart, and mighty in strength: who hath hardened himself against him, and hath prospered?
AKJV: He is wise in heart, and mighty in strength: who has hardened himself against him, and has prospered?
ASV: He iswise in heart, and mighty in strength:
YLT: Wise in heart and strong in power--Who hath hardened toward Him and is at peace?
Commentary WitnessJob 9:4Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:4
Verse 4 He is wise in heart, and mighty in strength - By his infinite knowledge he searches out and sees all things, and by his almighty power he can punish all delinquencies. He that rebels against him must be destroyed.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:4
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 9:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'He is wise in heart, and mighty in strength: who hath hardened himself against him, and hath prospered?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:5
Hebrew
הַמַּעְתִּיק הָרִים וְלֹא יָדָעוּ אֲשֶׁר הֲפָכָם בְּאַפּֽוֹ׃hama'etiyq-hariym-velo'-yada'v-'asher-hafakham-ve'afvo
KJV: Which removeth the mountains, and they know not: which overturneth them in his anger.
AKJV: Which removes the mountains, and they know not: which overturns them in his anger.
ASV: Himthat removeth the mountains, and they know it not,
YLT: Who is removing mountains, And they have not known, Who hath overturned them in His anger.
Commentary WitnessJob 9:5Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:5
Verse 5 Removeth the mountains, and they know not - This seems to refer to earthquakes. By those strong convulsions, mountains, valleys, hills, even whole islands, are removed in an instant; and to this latter circumstance the words, they know not, most probably refer. The work is done in the twinkling of an eye; no warning is given; the mountain, that seemed to be as firm as the earth on which it rested, was in the same moment both visible and invisible; so suddenly was it swallowed up.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:5
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 9:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Which removeth the mountains, and they know not: which overturneth them in his anger.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:6
Hebrew
הַמַּרְגִּיז אֶרֶץ מִמְּקוֹמָהּ וְעַמּוּדֶיהָ יִתְפַלָּצֽוּן׃hamaregiyz-'eretz-mimeqvomah-ve'amvdeyha-yitefalatzvn
KJV: Which shaketh the earth out of her place, and the pillars thereof tremble.
AKJV: Which shakes the earth out of her place, and the pillars thereof tremble.
ASV: That shaketh the earth out of its place,
YLT: Who is shaking earth from its place, And its pillars move themselves.
Commentary WitnessJob 9:6Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:6
Verse 6 The pillars thereof tremble - This also refers to an earthquake, and to that tremulous motion which sometimes gives warning of the approaching catastrophe, and from which this violent convulsion of nature has received its name. Earthquakes, in Scripture language, signify also violent commotions and disturbances in states; mountains often signify rulers; sun, empires; stars, petty states. But it is most likely that the expressions here are to be understood literally.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:6
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Earthquakes
Exposition: Job 9:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Which shaketh the earth out of her place, and the pillars thereof tremble.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:7
Hebrew
הָאֹמֵר לַחֶרֶס וְלֹא יִזְרָח וּבְעַד כּוֹכָבִים יַחְתֹּֽם׃ha'omer-lacheres-velo'-yizerach-vve'ad-khvokhaviym-yachetom
KJV: Which commandeth the sun, and it riseth not; and sealeth up the stars.
AKJV: Which commands the sun, and it rises not; and seals up the stars.
ASV: That commandeth the sun, and it riseth not,
YLT: Who is speaking to the sun, and it riseth not, And the stars He sealeth up.
Commentary WitnessJob 9:7Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:7
Verse 7 Which commandeth the sun - Obscures it either with clouds, with thick darkness, or with an eclipse. Sealeth up the stars - Like the contents of a letter, wrapped up and sealed, so that it cannot be read. Sometimes the heavens become as black as ebony, and no star, figure, or character, in this great book of God can be read.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:7
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 9:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Which commandeth the sun, and it riseth not; and sealeth up the stars.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:8
Hebrew
נֹטֶה שָׁמַיִם לְבַדּוֹ וְדוֹרֵךְ עַל־בָּמֳתֵי יָֽם׃noteh-shamayim-levadvo-vedvorekhe-'al-vamotey-yam
KJV: Which alone spreadeth out the heavens, and treadeth upon the waves of the sea.
AKJV: Which alone spreads out the heavens, and treads on the waves of the sea.
ASV: That alone stretcheth out the heavens,
YLT: Stretching out the heavens by Himself, And treading on the heights of the sea,
Commentary WitnessJob 9:8Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:8
Verse 8 And treadeth upon the waves - This is a very majestic image. God not only walks upon the waters, but when the sea runs mountains high, he steps from billow to billow in his almighty and essential majesty. There is a similar sentiment in David, Psa 29:10 : "The Lord sitteth upon the flood; yea, the Lord sitteth King for ever." But both are far outdone by the Psalmist, Psa 18:9-15, and especially in these words, Psa 18:10, He did fly on the wings of the wind. Job is great, but in every respect David is greater.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:8
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- David
- Psalmist
Exposition: Job 9:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Which alone spreadeth out the heavens, and treadeth upon the waves of the sea.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:9
Hebrew
עֹֽשֶׂה־עָשׁ כְּסִיל וְכִימָה וְחַדְרֵי תֵמָֽן׃'osheh-'ash-khesiyl-vekhiymah-vechaderey-teman
KJV: Which maketh Arcturus, Orion, and Pleiades, and the chambers of the south.
AKJV: Which makes Arcturus, Orion, and Pleiades, and the chambers of the south.
ASV: That maketh the Bear, Orion, and the Pleiades,
YLT: Making Osh, Kesil, and Kimah, And the inner chambers of the south.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Job 9:9Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Job 9:9
Job 9:9 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Which maketh Arcturus, Orion, and Pleiades, and the chambers of the south.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Job 9:9
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Job 9:9
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Arcturus
- Orion
- Pleiades
Exposition: Job 9:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Which maketh Arcturus, Orion, and Pleiades, and the chambers of the south.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:10
Hebrew
עֹשֶׂה גְדֹלוֹת עַד־אֵין חֵקֶר וְנִפְלָאוֹת עַד־אֵין מִסְפָּֽר׃'osheh-gedolvot-'ad-'eyn-cheqer-venifela'vot-'ad-'eyn-misefar
KJV: Which doeth great things past finding out; yea, and wonders without number.
AKJV: Which does great things past finding out; yes, and wonders without number.
ASV: That doeth great things past finding out,
YLT: Doing great things till there is no searching, And wonderful, till there is no numbering.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Job 9:10Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Job 9:10
Job 9:10 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Which doeth great things past finding out; yea, and wonders without number.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Job 9:10
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Job 9:10
Exposition: Job 9:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Which doeth great things past finding out; yea, and wonders without number.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:11
Hebrew
הֵן יַעֲבֹר עָלַי וְלֹא אֶרְאֶה וְיַחֲלֹף וְֽלֹא־אָבִין לֽוֹ׃hen-ya'avor-'alay-velo'-'ere'eh-veyachalof-velo'-'aviyn-lvo
KJV: Lo, he goeth by me, and I see him not: he passeth on also, but I perceive him not.
AKJV: See, he goes by me, and I see him not: he passes on also, but I perceive him not.
ASV: Lo, he goeth by me, and I see him not:
YLT: Lo, He goeth over by me, and I see not, And He passeth on, and I attend not to it.
Commentary WitnessJob 9:11Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:11
Verse 11 Lo, he goeth by me, and I see him not - He is incomprehensible in all his ways, and in all his works; and he must be so it he be God, and work as God; for his own nature and his operations are past finding out.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:11
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Lo
Exposition: Job 9:11 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Lo, he goeth by me, and I see him not: he passeth on also, but I perceive him not.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:12
Hebrew
הֵן יַחְתֹּף מִי יְשִׁיבֶנּוּ מִֽי־יֹאמַר אֵלָיו מַֽה־תַּעֲשֶֽׂה׃hen-yachetof-miy-yeshiyvenv-miy-yo'mar-'elayv-mah-ta'asheh
KJV: Behold, he taketh away, who can hinder him? who will say unto him, What doest thou?
AKJV: Behold, he takes away, who can hinder him? who will say to him, What do you?
ASV: Behold, he seizeth the prey, who can hinder him?
YLT: Lo, He snatches away, who bringeth it back? Who saith unto Him, `What dost Thou?'
Commentary WitnessJob 9:12Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:12
Verse 12 He taketh away - He never gives, but he is ever lending: and while the gift is useful or is improved, he permits it to remain; but when it becomes useless or is misused, he recalls it. Who can hinder him? - Literally, Who can cause him to restore it? What doest thou? - He is supreme, and will give account of none of his matters. He is infinitely wise, and cannot mistake. He is infinitely kind, and can do nothing cruel. He is infinitely good, and can do nothing wrong. No one, therefore, should question either his motives or his operations.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:12
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Literally
Exposition: Job 9:12 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Behold, he taketh away, who can hinder him? who will say unto him, What doest thou?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:13
Hebrew
אֱלוֹהַּ לֹא־יָשִׁיב אַפּוֹ תחתו תַּחְתָּיו שָׁחֲחוּ עֹזְרֵי רָֽהַב׃'elvoha-lo'-yashiyv-'afvo-tchtv-tachetayv-shachachv-'ozerey-rahav
KJV: If God will not withdraw his anger, the proud helpers do stoop under him.
AKJV: If God will not withdraw his anger, the proud helpers do stoop under him.
ASV: God will not withdraw his anger;
YLT: God doth not turn back His anger, Under Him bowed have proud helpers.
Commentary WitnessJob 9:13Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:13
Verse 13 If God will not withdraw his anger - It is of no use to contend with God; he cannot be successfully resisted; all his opposers must perish.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:13
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 9:13 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'If God will not withdraw his anger, the proud helpers do stoop under him.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:14
Hebrew
אַף כִּֽי־אָנֹכִי אֶֽעֱנֶנּוּ אֶבְחֲרָה דְבָרַי עִמּֽוֹ׃'af-khiy-'anokhiy-'e'enenv-'evecharah-devaray-'imvo
KJV: How much less shall I answer him, and choose out my words to reason with him?
AKJV: How much less shall I answer him, and choose out my words to reason with him?
ASV: How much less shall I answer him,
YLT: How much less do I--I answer Him? Choose out my words with Him?
Commentary WitnessJob 9:14Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:14
Verse 14 How much less shall I answer - I cannot contend with my Maker. He is the Lawgiver and the Judge. How shall I stand in judgment before him?
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:14
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Maker
- Judge
Exposition: Job 9:14 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'How much less shall I answer him, and choose out my words to reason with him?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:15
Hebrew
אֲשֶׁר אִם־צָדַקְתִּי לֹא אֶעֱנֶה לִמְשֹׁפְטִי אֶתְחַנָּֽן׃'asher-'im-tzadaqetiy-lo'-'e'eneh-limeshofetiy-'etechanan
KJV: Whom, though I were righteous, yet would I not answer, but I would make supplication to my judge.
AKJV: Whom, though I were righteous, yet would I not answer, but I would make supplication to my judge.
ASV: Whom, though I were righteous, yet would I not answer;
YLT: Whom, though I were righteous, I answer not, For my judgment I make supplication.
Commentary WitnessJob 9:15Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:15
Verse 15 Though I were righteous - Though clear of all the crimes, public and secret, of which you accuse me, yet I would not dare to stand before his immaculate holiness. Man's holiness may profit man, but in the sight of the infinite purity of God it is nothing. Thus sung an eminent poet: - "I loathe myself when God I see,And into nothing fall; Content that thou exalted be,And Christ be all in all." I would make supplication to my Judge - Though not conscious of any sin, I should not think myself thereby justified; but would, from a conviction of the exceeding breadth of the commandment, and the limited nature of my own perfection, cry out, "Cleanse thou me from secret faults!"
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:15
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 9:15 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Whom, though I were righteous, yet would I not answer, but I would make supplication to my judge.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:16
Hebrew
אִם־קָרָאתִי וַֽיַּעֲנֵנִי לֹֽא־אַאֲמִין כִּֽי־יַאֲזִין קוֹלִֽי׃'im-qara'tiy-vaya'aneniy-lo'-'a'amiyn-khiy-ya'aziyn-qvoliy
KJV: If I had called, and he had answered me; yet would I not believe that he had hearkened unto my voice.
AKJV: If I had called, and he had answered me; yet would I not believe that he had listened to my voice.
ASV: If I had called, and he had answered me,
YLT: Though I had called and He answereth me, I do not believe that He giveth ear to my voice.
Commentary WitnessJob 9:16Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:16
Verse 16 If I had called, and he had answered - I could scarcely suppose, such is his majesty and such his holiness, that he could condescend to notice a being so mean, and in every respect so infinitely beneath his notice. These sentiments sufficiently confuted that slander of his friends, who said he was presumptuous, had not becoming notions of the majesty of God, and used blasphemous expressions against his sovereign authority.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:16
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 9:16 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'If I had called, and he had answered me; yet would I not believe that he had hearkened unto my voice.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:17
Hebrew
אֲשֶׁר־בִּשְׂעָרָה יְשׁוּפֵנִי וְהִרְבָּה פְצָעַי חִנָּֽם׃'asher-vishe'arah-yeshvfeniy-vehirevah-fetza'ay-chinam
KJV: For he breaketh me with a tempest, and multiplieth my wounds without cause.
AKJV: For he breaks me with a tempest, and multiplies my wounds without cause.
ASV: For he breaketh me with a tempest,
YLT: Because with a tempest He bruiseth me, And hath multiplied my wounds for nought.
Commentary WitnessJob 9:17Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:17
Verse 17 He breaketh me with a tempest - The Targum, Syriac, and Arabic have this sense: He powerfully smites even every hair of my head and multiplies my wounds without cause. That is, There is no reason known to myself, or to any man, why I should be thus most oppressively afflicted. It is, therefore, cruel, and inconsequent to assert that I suffer for my crimes.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:17
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Targum
- The Targum
- Syriac
Exposition: Job 9:17 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For he breaketh me with a tempest, and multiplieth my wounds without cause.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:18
Hebrew
לֹֽא־יִתְּנֵנִי הָשֵׁב רוּחִי כִּי יַשְׂבִּעַנִי מַמְּרֹרִֽים׃lo'-yiteneniy-hashev-rvchiy-khiy-yashevi'aniy-mameroriym
KJV: He will not suffer me to take my breath, but filleth me with bitterness.
AKJV: He will not suffer me to take my breath, but fills me with bitterness.
ASV: He will not suffer me to take my breath,
YLT: He permitteth me not to refresh my spirit, But filleth me with bitter things.
Commentary WitnessJob 9:18Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:18
Verse 18 He will not suffer me to take my breath - I have no respite in my afflictions; I suffer continually in my body, and my mind is incessantly harassed.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:18
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 9:18 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'He will not suffer me to take my breath, but filleth me with bitterness.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:19
Hebrew
אִם־לְכֹחַ אַמִּיץ הִנֵּה וְאִם־לְמִשְׁפָּט מִי יוֹעִידֵֽנִי׃'im-lekhocha-'amiytz-hineh-ve'im-lemishefat-miy-yvo'iydeniy
KJV: If I speak of strength, lo, he is strong: and if of judgment, who shall set me a time to plead?
AKJV: If I speak of strength, see, he is strong: and if of judgment, who shall set me a time to plead?
ASV: Ifwe speakof strength, lo, he ismighty!
YLT: If of power, lo, the Strong One; And if of judgment--who doth convene me?
Commentary WitnessJob 9:19Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:19
Verse 19 If I speak of strength, lo, he is strong - Human wisdom, power, and influence avail nothing before him. Who shall set me a time - מי יועידני mi yoideni, "Who would be a witness for me?" or, Who would dare to appear in my behalf? Almost all the terms in this part of the speech of Job, Job 9:11-24, are forensic or juridical, and are taken from legal processes and pleadings in their gates or courts of justice.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:19
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Job 9:11-24
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Job
Exposition: Job 9:19 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'If I speak of strength, lo, he is strong: and if of judgment, who shall set me a time to plead?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:20
Hebrew
אִם־אֶצְדָּק פִּי יַרְשִׁיעֵנִי תָּֽם־אָנִי וַֽיַּעְקְשֵֽׁנִי׃'im-'etzedaq-fiy-yareshiy'eniy-tam-'aniy-vaya'eqesheniy
KJV: If I justify myself, mine own mouth shall condemn me: if I say, I am perfect, it shall also prove me perverse.
AKJV: If I justify myself, my own mouth shall condemn me: if I say, I am perfect, it shall also prove me perverse.
ASV: Though I be righteous, mine own mouth shall condemn me:
YLT: If I be righteous, Mine mouth doth declare me wicked, Perfect I am! --it declareth me perverse.
Commentary WitnessJob 9:20Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:20
Verse 20 If I justify myself - God must have some reason for his conduct towards me; I therefore do not pretend to justify myself; the attempt to do it would be an insult to his majesty and justice. Though I am conscious of none of the crimes of which you accuse me; and know not why he contends with me; yet he must have some reason, and that reason he does not choose to explain.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:20
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 9:20 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'If I justify myself, mine own mouth shall condemn me: if I say, I am perfect, it shall also prove me perverse.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:21
Hebrew
תָּֽם־אָנִי לֹֽא־אֵדַע נַפְשִׁי אֶמְאַס חַיָּֽי׃tam-'aniy-lo'-'eda'-nafeshiy-'eme'as-chayay
KJV: Though I were perfect, yet would I not know my soul: I would despise my life.
AKJV: Though I were perfect, yet would I not know my soul: I would despise my life.
ASV: I am perfect; I regard not myself;
YLT: Perfect I am! --I know not my soul, I despise my life.
Commentary WitnessJob 9:21Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:21
Verse 21 Though I were perfect - Had I the fullest conviction that, in every thought, word, and deed, I were blameless before him, yet I would not plead this; nor would I think it any security for a life of ease and prosperity, or any proof that my days should be prolonged.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:21
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 9:21 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Though I were perfect, yet would I not know my soul: I would despise my life.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:22
Hebrew
אַחַת הִיא עַל־כֵּן אָמַרְתִּי תָּם וְרָשָׁע הוּא מְכַלֶּֽה׃'achat-hiy'-'al-khen-'amaretiy-tam-verasha'-hv'-mekhaleh
KJV: This is one thing, therefore I said it, He destroyeth the perfect and the wicked.
AKJV: This is one thing, therefore I said it, He destroys the perfect and the wicked.
ASV: It is all one; therefore I say,
YLT: It is the same thing, therefore I said, `The perfect and the wicked He is consuming.'
Commentary WitnessJob 9:22Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:22
Verse 22 This is one thing - My own observation shows, that in the course of providence the righteous and the wicked have an equal lot; for when any sudden calamity comes, the innocent and the guilty fall alike. There may be a few exceptions, but they are very extraordinary, and very rare.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:22
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Ovid
Exposition: Job 9:22 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'This is one thing, therefore I said it, He destroyeth the perfect and the wicked.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:23
Hebrew
אִם־שׁוֹט יָמִית פִּתְאֹם לְמַסַּת נְקִיִּם יִלְעָֽג׃'im-shvot-yamiyt-fite'om-lemasat-neqiyim-yile'ag
KJV: If the scourge slay suddenly, he will laugh at the trial of the innocent.
AKJV: If the whip slay suddenly, he will laugh at the trial of the innocent.
ASV: If the scourge slay suddenly,
YLT: If a scourge doth put to death suddenly, At the trial of the innocent He laugheth.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Job 9:23Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Job 9:23
Job 9:23 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'If the scourge slay suddenly, he will laugh at the trial of the innocent.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Job 9:23
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Job 9:23
Exposition: Job 9:23 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'If the scourge slay suddenly, he will laugh at the trial of the innocent.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:24
Hebrew
אֶרֶץ ׀ נִתְּנָה בְֽיַד־רָשָׁע פְּנֵֽי־שֹׁפְטֶיהָ יְכַסֶּה אִם־לֹא אֵפוֹא מִי־הֽוּא׃'eretz- -nitenah-veyad-rasha'-feney-shofeteyha-yekhaseh-'im-lo'-'efvo'-miy-hv'
KJV: The earth is given into the hand of the wicked: he covereth the faces of the judges thereof; if not, where, and who is he?
AKJV: The earth is given into the hand of the wicked: he covers the faces of the judges thereof; if not, where, and who is he?
ASV: The earth is given into the hand of the wicked;
YLT: Earth hath been given Into the hand of the wicked one. The face of its judges he covereth, If not--where, who is he?
Commentary WitnessJob 9:24Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:24
Verse 24 The earth is given into the hand of the wicked - Is it not most evident that the worst men possess most of this world's goods, and that the righteous are scarcely ever in power or affluence? This was the case in Job's time; it is the case still. Therefore prosperity and adversity in this life are no marks either of God's approbation or disapprobation. He covereth the faces of the judges thereon - Or, The faces of its decisions he shall cover. God is often stated in Scripture as doing a thing which he only permits to be done. So he permits the eyes of judgment to be blinded; and hence false decisions. Mr. Good translates the verse thus: - "The earth is given over to the hand of Injustice; She hoodwinketh the faces of its judges. Where every one liveth is it not so?" And vindicates the translation in his learned notes: but I think the Hebrew will not bear this rendering; especially that in the third line. Where, and who is he? - If this be not the case, who is he that acts in this way, and where is he to be found? If God does not permit these things, who is it that orders them? Coverdale translates, As for the worlde, he geveth it over into the power of the wicked, such as the rulers be wherof all londes are full. Is it not so? Where is there eny, but he is soch one? This sense is clear enough, if the original will bear it. The last clause is thus rendered by the Syriac and Arabic, Who can bear his indignation?
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:24
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Or
- Mr
- Injustice
- Where
- Arabic
Exposition: Job 9:24 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'The earth is given into the hand of the wicked: he covereth the faces of the judges thereof; if not, where, and who is he?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:25
Hebrew
וְיָמַי קַלּוּ מִנִּי־רָץ בָּֽרְחוּ לֹא־רָאוּ טוֹבָֽה׃veyamay-qalv-miniy-ratz-varechv-lo'-ra'v-tvovah
KJV: Now my days are swifter than a post: they flee away, they see no good.
AKJV: Now my days are swifter than a post: they flee away, they see no good.
ASV: Now my days are swifter than a post:
YLT: My days have been swifter than a runner, They have fled, they have not seen good,
Commentary WitnessJob 9:25Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:25
Verse 25 Swifter than a post - מני רץ minni rats, than a runner. The light-footed messenger or courier who carries messages from place to place. They flee away - The Chaldee says, My days are swifter than the shadow of a flying bird. So swiftly do they flee away that I cannot discern them; and when past they cannot be recalled. There is a sentiment like this in Virgil, Geor. lib. iii., ver. 284: - Sed Fugit interea, Cubit Irreparabile tempus! - "But in the meanwhile time flies! irreparable time flies away!"
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:25
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Virgil
- Geor
Exposition: Job 9:25 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Now my days are swifter than a post: they flee away, they see no good.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:26
Hebrew
חָלְפוּ עִם־אֳנִיּוֹת אֵבֶה כְּנֶשֶׁר יָטוּשׂ עֲלֵי־אֹֽכֶל׃chalefv-'im-'oniyvot-'eveh-khenesher-yatvsh-'aley-'okhel
KJV: They are passed away as the swift ships: as the eagle that hasteth to the prey.
AKJV: They are passed away as the swift ships: as the eagle that hastens to the prey.
ASV: They are passed away as the swift ships;
YLT: They have passed on with ships of reed, As an eagle darteth on food.
Commentary WitnessJob 9:26Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:26
Verse 26 As the swift ships - אניות אבה oniyoth ebeh. Ships of desire, or ships of Ebeh, says our margin; perhaps more correctly, inflated ships, the sails bellying out with a fair brisk wind, tide favorable, and the vessels themselves lightly freighted. The Vulgate has, Like ships freighted with apples. Ships laden with the best fruits - Targum. Ships well adapted for sailing - Arabic. Shipes that be good under sale - Coverdale. Probably this relates to the light fast-sailing ships on the Nile, which were made of reeds or papyrus. Perhaps the idea to be seized is not so much the swiftness of the passage, as their leaving no trace or track behind them. But instead of אבה ebeh, איבה eybah, hostile ships or the ships of enemies, is the reading of forty-seven of Kennicott's and De Rossi's MSS., and of the Syriac version. If this be the true reading what is its sense? My days are gone off like the light vessels of the pirates, having stripped me of my property, and carried all irrecoverably away, under the strongest press of sail, that they may effect their escape, and secure their booty. The next words, As the eagle that hasteth to the prey, seem at least to countenance, if not confirm, the above reading: the idea of robbery and spoil, prompt attack and sudden retreat, is preserved in both images.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:26
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Vulgate
- Targum
- Ebeh
- Arabic
- Coverdale
- Nile
Exposition: Job 9:26 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'They are passed away as the swift ships: as the eagle that hasteth to the prey.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:27
Hebrew
אִם־אָמְרִי אֶשְׁכְּחָה שִׂיחִי אֶעֶזְבָה פָנַי וְאַבְלִֽיגָה׃'im-'ameriy-'eshekhechah-shiychiy-'e'ezevah-fanay-ve'aveliygah
KJV: If I say, I will forget my complaint, I will leave off my heaviness, and comfort myself:
AKJV: If I say, I will forget my complaint, I will leave off my heaviness, and comfort myself:
ASV: If I say, I will forget my complaint,
YLT: Though I say, `I forget my talking, I forsake my corner, and I brighten up!'
Commentary WitnessJob 9:27Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:27
Verse 27 I will forget my complaint - I will forsake or forego my complaining. I will leave off my heaviness. Vulgate, I will change my countenance - force myself to smile, and endeavor to assume the appearance of comfort.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:27
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Vulgate
Exposition: Job 9:27 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'If I say, I will forget my complaint, I will leave off my heaviness, and comfort myself:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:28
Hebrew
יָגֹרְתִּי כָל־עַצְּבֹתָי יָדַעְתִּי כִּי־לֹא תְנַקֵּֽנִי׃yagoretiy-khal-'atzevotay-yada'etiy-khiy-lo'-tenaqeniy
KJV: I am afraid of all my sorrows, I know that thou wilt not hold me innocent.
AKJV: I am afraid of all my sorrows, I know that you will not hold me innocent.
ASV: I am afraid of all my sorrows,
YLT: I have been afraid of all my griefs, I have known that Thou dost not acquit me.
Commentary WitnessJob 9:28Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:28
Verse 28 I am afraid of all my sorrows - Coverdale translates, after the Vulgate, Then am I afrayed of all my workes. Even were I to cease from complaining, I fear lest not one of my works, however well intentioned, would stand thy scrutiny, or meet with thy approbation. Thou wilt not hold me innocent - Coverdale, after the Vulgate, For I knowe thou favourest not an evil doer; but this is not the sense of the original: Thou wilt not acquit me so as to take away my afflictions from me.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:28
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Vulgate
- Ray
- Coverdale
Exposition: Job 9:28 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'I am afraid of all my sorrows, I know that thou wilt not hold me innocent.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:29
Hebrew
אָנֹכִי אֶרְשָׁע לָמָּה־זֶּה הֶבֶל אִיגָֽע׃'anokhiy-'eresha'-lamah-zeh-hevel-'iyga'
KJV: If I be wicked, why then labour I in vain?
AKJV: If I be wicked, why then labor I in vain?
ASV: I shall be condemned;
YLT: I--I am become wicked; why is this? In vain I labour.
Commentary WitnessJob 9:29Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:29
Verse 29 If I be wicked - If I am the sinner you suppose me to be, in vain should I labor to counterfeit joy, and cease to complain of my sufferings.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:29
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 9:29 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'If I be wicked, why then labour I in vain?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:30
Hebrew
אִם־הִתְרָחַצְתִּי במו־בְמֵי־שָׁלֶג וַהֲזִכּוֹתִי בְּבֹר כַּפָּֽי׃'im-hiterachatzetiy-vmv-vemey-shaleg-vahazikhvotiy-vevor-khafay
KJV: If I wash myself with snow water, and make my hands never so clean;
AKJV: If I wash myself with snow water, and make my hands never so clean;
ASV: If I wash myself with snow water,
YLT: If I have washed myself with snow-water, And purified with soap my hands,
Commentary WitnessJob 9:30Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:30
Verse 30 If I wash myself with snow water - Supposed to have a more detergent quality than common water; and it was certainly preferred to common water by the ancients. Of this we find an example in an elegant but licentious author: Tandem ergo discubuimus, pueris Alexandrinis Aquam in manus Nivatam infundentibus, aliisque insequentibus ad pedes - Petr. Satyr., cap. xxxi. "At length we sat down, and had snow water poured on our hands by lads of Alexandria," etc. Mr. Good supposes that there is an allusion here to the ancient rite of washing the hands in token of innocence. See Psa 26:6 : I will Wash my hands in Innocency; and Psa 73:13 : Verily I have cleansed my heart in vain, and Washed my Hands in Innocency. And by this ceremony Pilate declared himself innocent of the blood of Christ, Mat 27:24.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:30
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Mat 27:24
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Petr
- Satyr
- Alexandria
- Mr
- Innocency
- Christ
Exposition: Job 9:30 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'If I wash myself with snow water, and make my hands never so clean;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:31
Hebrew
אָז בַּשַּׁחַת תִּטְבְּלֵנִי וְתִֽעֲבוּנִי שַׂלְמוֹתָֽי׃'az-vashachat-titeveleniy-veti'avvniy-shalemvotay
KJV: Yet shalt thou plunge me in the ditch, and mine own clothes shall abhor me.
AKJV: Yet shall you plunge me in the ditch, and my own clothes shall abhor me.
ASV: Yet wilt thou plunge me in the ditch,
YLT: Then in corruption Thou dost dip me, And my garments have abominated me.
Commentary WitnessJob 9:31Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:31
Verse 31 And mine own clothes shall abhor me - Such is thine infinite purity, when put in opposition to the purity of man, that it will bear no comparison. Searched and tried by the eye of God, I should be found as a leper, so that my own clothes would dread to touch me, for fear of being infected by my corruption. This is a strong and bold figure; and is derived from the corrupted state of his body, which his clothes dreaded to touch, because of the contagious nature of his disorder.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:31
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 9:31 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Yet shalt thou plunge me in the ditch, and mine own clothes shall abhor me.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:32
Hebrew
כִּי־לֹא־אִישׁ כָּמֹנִי אֶֽעֱנֶנּוּ נָבוֹא יַחְדָּו בַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט׃khiy-lo'-'iysh-khamoniy-'e'enenv-navvo'-yachedav-vamishefat
KJV: For he is not a man, as I am, that I should answer him, and we should come together in judgment.
AKJV: For he is not a man, as I am, that I should answer him, and we should come together in judgment.
ASV: For he is not a man, as I am, that I should answer him,
YLT: But if a man like myself--I answer him, We come together into judgment.
Commentary WitnessJob 9:32Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:32
Verse 32 For he is not a man as I am - I cannot contend with him as with one of my fellows in a court of justice.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:32
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Job 9:32 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For he is not a man, as I am, that I should answer him, and we should come together in judgment.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:33
Hebrew
לֹא יֵשׁ־בֵּינֵינוּ מוֹכִיחַ יָשֵׁת יָדוֹ עַל־שְׁנֵֽינוּ׃lo'-yesh-veyneynv-mvokhiycha-yashet-yadvo-'al-sheneynv
KJV: Neither is there any daysman betwixt us, that might lay his hand upon us both.
AKJV: Neither is there any judge between us, that might lay his hand on us both.
ASV: There is no umpire betwixt us,
YLT: If there were between us an umpire, He doth place his hand on us both.
Commentary WitnessJob 9:33Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:33
Verse 33 Neither is there any day's-man - בינינו מוכיח beyneynu mochiach, a reprover, arguer, or umpire between us. Day's - Man, in our law, means an arbitrator, or umpire between party and party; as it were bestowing a day, or certain time on a certain day, to decree, judge, or decide a matter - Minshieu. Day is used in law for the day of appearance in court, either originally or upon assignation, for hearing a matter for trial - Idem. But arbitrator is the proper meaning of the term here: one who is, by the consent of both parties, to judge between them, and settle their differences. Instead of לא יש lo yesh, there is not, fifteen of Kennicott's and De Rossi's MSS., with the Septuagint, Syriac, and Arabic, read לו יש lu vesh, I wish there were: or, O that there were! Ειθε ην ὁ μεσιτης ἡμων, και ελεγχων και διακουων αναμεσον αμφοτερων; O that we had a mediator, an advocate, and judge between us both! - Sept. Poor Job! He did not yet know the Mediator between God and man: the only means by which God and man can be brought together and reconciled. Had St. Paul this in his eye when he wrote 1Tim 2:5, 1Tim 2:6? For there is one God, and one Mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus; who gave himself a ransom for all. Without this Mediator, and the ransom price which he has laid down, God and man can never be united: and that this union might be made possible, Jesus took the human into conjunction with his Divine nature; and thus God was manifest in the flesh.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:33
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- 1Tim 2:5
- 1Tim 2:6
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Septuagint
- Jesus
- Man
- Minshieu
- Idem
- Syriac
- Arabic
- Sept
- Had St
- Christ Jesus
- Mediator
Exposition: Job 9:33 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Neither is there any daysman betwixt us, that might lay his hand upon us both.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:34
Hebrew
יָסֵר מֵעָלַי שִׁבְטוֹ וְאֵמָתוֹ אַֽל־תְּבַעֲתַֽנִּי׃yaser-me'alay-shivetvo-ve'ematvo-'al-teva'ataniy
KJV: Let him take his rod away from me, and let not his fear terrify me:
AKJV: Let him take his rod away from me, and let not his fear terrify me:
ASV: Let him take his rod away from me,
YLT: He doth turn aside from off me his rod, And His terror doth not make me afraid,
Commentary WitnessJob 9:34Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:34
Verse 34 Let him take his rod away - In the Masoretic Bibles, the word שבטו shibto, his rod, is written with a large ט teth, as above; and as the letter in numerals stands for 9, the Masora says the word was thus written to show the nine calamities under which Job had suffered, and which he wished God to remove. As שבט shebet signifies, not only rod, but also scepter or the ensign of royalty, Job might here refer to God sitting in his majesty upon the judgment-seat; and this sight so appalled him, that, filled with terror, he was unable to speak. When a sinful soul sees God in his majesty, terror seizes upon it, and prayer is impossible. We have a beautiful illustration of this, Isa 6:1-5 : "I saw the Lord sitting upon a throne, high and lifted up, and his train filled the temple. Then said I, Wo is me, for I am undone, because I am a man of unclean lips; for mine eyes have seen the King, the Lord of hosts."
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:34
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Isa 6:1-5
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Ray
- Masoretic Bibles
- King
Exposition: Job 9:34 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Let him take his rod away from me, and let not his fear terrify me:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Job 9:35
Hebrew
אַֽדַבְּרָה וְלֹא אִירָאֶנּוּ כִּי לֹא־כֵן אָנֹכִי עִמָּדִֽי׃'adaverah-velo'-'iyra'env-khiy-lo'-khen-'anokhiy-'imadiy
KJV: Then would I speak, and not fear him; but it is not so with me.
AKJV: Then would I speak, and not fear him; but it is not so with me.
ASV: Then would I speak, and not fear him;
YLT: I speak, and do not fear Him, But I am not right with myself.
Commentary WitnessJob 9:35Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Job 9:35
Verse 35 But it is not so with me - I am not in such circumstances as to plead with my Judge. I believe the sense of these words is nearly as Coverdale has expressed it: - For as longe as I am in soch fearfulnesse, I can make no answere. A natural picture of the state of a penitent soul, which needs no additional coloring. On the names of the constellations mentioned Job 9:9, and again Job 38:31, etc., much has been written, and to little effect. I have already, in the notes, expressed my doubts whether any constellation be intended. Dr. Hales, however, finds in these names, as he thinks, astronomical data, by which he ascertains the time of Job. I shall give his words: - "The cardinal constellations of spring and autumn, in Job's time, were Chimah, and Chesil or Taurus, and Scorpio; noticed Job 9:9, and again, Job 38:31, Job 38:32; of which the principal stars are, Aldebaran, the bull's eye, and Antares, the scorpion's heart. Knowing, therefore, the longitudes of these stars, at present, the interval of time from thence to the assumed date of Job's trial will give the difference of the longitudes; and ascertain their positions then, with respect to the vernal and autumnal points of intersection of the equinoctial and ecliptic; according to the usual rate of the precession of the equinoxes, one degree in 71 years. See that article, vol. i. p. 185. "The following calculations I owe to the kindness and skill of the respectable Dr. Brinkley, Andrew's Professor of Astronomy in the University of Dublin. "In a.d. 1800 Aldebaran was in 2 signs, 7 degrees, east longitude. But since the date of Job's trial, b.c. 2338, i.e., 4138 years, the precession of the equinoxes amounted to 1 sign, 27 degrees, 53 minutes; which, being subtracted from the former quantity, left Aldebaran in only 9 degrees, 7 minutes longitude, or distance from the vernal intersection; which, falling within the constellation Taurus, consequently rendered it the cardinal constellation of spring, as Pisces is at present. "In a.d. 1800 Antares was in 8 signs, 6 degrees, 58 minutes, east longitude; or 2 signs, 6 degrees, 58 minutes, east of the autumnal intersection: from which subtracting as before the amount of the precession, Antares was left only 9 degrees, 5 minutes east. Since then, the autumnal equinox was found within Scorpio, this was the cardinal constellation of autumn, as Virgo is at present. "Such a combination and coincidence of various rays of evidence, derived from widely different sources, history, sacred and profane, chronology, and astronomy, and all converging to the same focus, tend strongly to establish the time of Job's trial, as rightly assigned to the year b.c. 2337, or 818 years after the deluge, 184 years before the birth of Abram; 474 years before the settlement of Jacob's family in Egypt; and 689 years before their exode or departure from thence." New Analysis of Chronology, vol. ii., p. 57. Now all this is specious; and, were the foundation sound, we might rely on the permanence of the building, though the rains should descend, the floods come, and the winds blow and beat on that house. But all these deductions and conclusions are founded on the assumption that Chimah and Chesil mean Taurus and Scorpio: but this is the very point that is to be proved; for proof of this is not offered, nor, indeed, can be offered; and such assumptions are palpably nugatory. That עש ash has been generally understood to signify the Great Bear; כסיל Kesil, Orion; and כימה Kimah, the Pleiades; may be seen everywhere: but that they do signify these constellations is perfectly uncertain. We have only conjectures concerning their meaning; and on such conjectures no system can be built. Genuine data, in Dr. Hales's hands, are sure to be conducted to legitimate conclusions: but neither he nor any one else can construct an astronomical fabric in the limbus of conjecture. When Job lived is perfectly uncertain: but that this book was written 818 years after the deluge; 184 years before the birth of Abram, and 689 years before the exodus; and that all this is demonstrable from Chimah and Chesil signifying Taurus and Scorpio, whence the positions of the equinoxes at the time of Job's trial can be ascertained; can never be proved, and should never be credited. In what many learned men have written on this subject, I find as much solidity and satisfaction as from what is piously and gravely stated in the Glossa Ordinaria: - Qui facit Arcturum. Diversae sunt constellationes, varios status ecclesiae signantes. Per Arcturum, qui semper super orizontem nostrum apparet, significatur status apostolorum qui in episcopis remanet. Per Oriona, qui est tempestatis signum, significatur status martyrum. Per Hyadas, quae significant pluvios, status doctorum doctrinae pluvium effundentium. Per interiora austri, quae sunt nobis occulta, status Anachoretarum, hominum aspectus declinantium. "These different constellations signify various states of the Church. By Arcturus, which always appears above our horizon, is signified the apostolic state, which still remains in episcopacy. By Orion, which is a tempestuous sign, is signified the state of the martyrs. By the Hyades, (kids), which indicate rain, the state of the doctors, pouring out the rain of doctrine, is signified. And by the inner chambers of the south, which are hidden from us, the state of the Anchorets (hermits) is signified, who always shun the sight of men." Much more of the same allegorical matter may be found in the same place, the Glossa Ordinaria of Strabus of Fulda, on the ninth chapter of Job. But how unreal and empty are all these things! What an uncertain sound do such trumpets give!
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:35
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Job 9:9
- Job 38:31
- Job 38:32
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Ray
- Judge
- Dr
- Hales
- Job
- Chimah
- Taurus
- Scorpio
- Aldebaran
- Antares
- Knowing
- Brinkley
- Dublin
- Abram
- Egypt
- Chronology
- Great Bear
- Kesil
- Orion
- Kimah
- Pleiades
- Glossa Ordinaria
- Arcturum
- Per Arcturum
- Per Oriona
- Per Hyadas
- Anachoretarum
- Church
- By Arcturus
- By Orion
- Hyades
- Fulda
Exposition: Job 9:35 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then would I speak, and not fear him; but it is not so with me.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Citation trailOpen the commentary counts, references, and named sources.
Scholarly apparatus
Commentary citation index
This chapter now surfaces commentary as quoted witness material with an explicit citation trail. The index below gathers the canonical references and named authorities detected inside the commentary layer for faster academic review.
Direct commentary witnesses
32
Generated editorial witnesses
3
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Canonical references surfaced in commentary
- Job 9:1-3
- Job 9:4-10
- Job 9:11-24
- Job 9:25-35
- Job 9:1
- Job 9:2
- Job 9:3
- Job 9:4
- Job 9:5
- Job 9:6
- Job 9:7
- Job 9:8
- Job 9:9
- Job 9:10
- Job 9:11
- Job 9:12
- Job 9:13
- Job 9:14
- Job 9:15
- Job 9:16
- Job 9:17
- Job 9:18
- Job 9:19
- Job 9:20
- Job 9:21
- Job 9:22
- Job 9:23
- Job 9:24
- Job 9:25
- Job 9:26
- Job 9:27
- Job 9:28
- Job 9:29
- Mat 27:24
- Job 9:30
- Job 9:31
- Job 9:32
- 1Tim 2:5
- 1Tim 2:6
- Job 9:33
- Isa 6:1-5
- Job 9:34
- Job 38:31
- Job 38:32
- Job 9:35
Named authorities or texts surfaced in commentary
- Jesus
- Divine Spirit
- Earthquakes
- David
- Psalmist
- Arcturus
- Orion
- Pleiades
- Lo
- Literally
- Maker
- Judge
- Targum
- The Targum
- Syriac
- Job
- Ovid
- Or
- Mr
- Injustice
- Where
- Arabic
- Virgil
- Geor
- Vulgate
- Ebeh
- Coverdale
- Nile
- Ray
- Petr
- Satyr
- Alexandria
- Innocency
- Christ
- Septuagint
- Man
- Minshieu
- Idem
- Sept
- Had St
- Christ Jesus
- Mediator
- Masoretic Bibles
- King
- Dr
- Hales
- Chimah
- Taurus
- Scorpio
- Aldebaran
- Antares
- Knowing
- Brinkley
- Dublin
- Abram
- Egypt
- Chronology
- Great Bear
- Kesil
- Kimah
- Glossa Ordinaria
- Arcturum
- Per Arcturum
- Per Oriona
- Per Hyadas
- Anachoretarum
- Church
- By Arcturus
- By Orion
- Hyades
- Fulda
Book directory Open the 66-book reader directory Use this when you need a specific book. The passage reader above stays first.
Choose a book and open the reader.
Each card opens chapter 1 for that canonical book. The directory is here for navigation, not as the first thing a visitor has to read.
Examples: Genesis, Psalms, Gospels, prophets, Romans, Revelation.
Genesis
Rendered chapters 1–50 are mapped to the public reader path for Genesis. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Exodus
Rendered chapters 1–40 are mapped to the public reader path for Exodus. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Leviticus
Rendered chapters 1–27 are mapped to the public reader path for Leviticus. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Numbers
Rendered chapters 1–36 are mapped to the public reader path for Numbers. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Deuteronomy
Rendered chapters 1–34 are mapped to the public reader path for Deuteronomy. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Joshua
Rendered chapters 1–24 are mapped to the public reader path for Joshua. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Judges
Rendered chapters 1–21 are mapped to the public reader path for Judges. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Ruth
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Ruth. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Samuel
Rendered chapters 1–31 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Samuel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Samuel
Rendered chapters 1–24 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Samuel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Kings
Rendered chapters 1–22 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Kings. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Kings
Rendered chapters 1–25 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Kings. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Chronicles
Rendered chapters 1–29 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Chronicles. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Chronicles
Rendered chapters 1–36 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Chronicles. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Ezra
Rendered chapters 1–10 are mapped to the public reader path for Ezra. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Nehemiah
Rendered chapters 1–13 are mapped to the public reader path for Nehemiah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Esther
Rendered chapters 1–10 are mapped to the public reader path for Esther. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Job
Rendered chapters 1–42 are mapped to the public reader path for Job. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Psalms
Rendered chapters 1–150 are mapped to the public reader path for Psalms. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Proverbs
Rendered chapters 1–31 are mapped to the public reader path for Proverbs. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Ecclesiastes
Rendered chapters 1–12 are mapped to the public reader path for Ecclesiastes. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Song of Solomon
Rendered chapters 1–8 are mapped to the public reader path for Song of Solomon. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Isaiah
Rendered chapters 1–66 are mapped to the public reader path for Isaiah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Jeremiah
Rendered chapters 1–52 are mapped to the public reader path for Jeremiah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Lamentations
Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for Lamentations. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Ezekiel
Rendered chapters 1–48 are mapped to the public reader path for Ezekiel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Daniel
Rendered chapters 1–12 are mapped to the public reader path for Daniel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Hosea
Rendered chapters 1–14 are mapped to the public reader path for Hosea. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Joel
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Joel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Amos
Rendered chapters 1–9 are mapped to the public reader path for Amos. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Obadiah
Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for Obadiah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Jonah
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Jonah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Micah
Rendered chapters 1–7 are mapped to the public reader path for Micah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Nahum
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Nahum. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Habakkuk
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Habakkuk. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Zephaniah
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Zephaniah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Haggai
Rendered chapters 1–2 are mapped to the public reader path for Haggai. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Zechariah
Rendered chapters 1–14 are mapped to the public reader path for Zechariah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Malachi
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Malachi. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Matthew
Rendered chapters 1–28 are mapped to the public reader path for Matthew. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Mark
Rendered chapters 1–16 are mapped to the public reader path for Mark. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Luke
Rendered chapters 1–24 are mapped to the public reader path for Luke. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
John
Rendered chapters 1–21 are mapped to the public reader path for John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Acts
Rendered chapters 1–28 are mapped to the public reader path for Acts. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Romans
Rendered chapters 1–16 are mapped to the public reader path for Romans. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Corinthians
Rendered chapters 1–16 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Corinthians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Corinthians
Rendered chapters 1–13 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Corinthians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Galatians
Rendered chapters 1–6 are mapped to the public reader path for Galatians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Ephesians
Rendered chapters 1–6 are mapped to the public reader path for Ephesians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Philippians
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Philippians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Colossians
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Colossians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Thessalonians
Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Thessalonians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Thessalonians
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Thessalonians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Timothy
Rendered chapters 1–6 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Timothy. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Timothy
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Timothy. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Titus
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Titus. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Philemon
Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for Philemon. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Hebrews
Rendered chapters 1–13 are mapped to the public reader path for Hebrews. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
James
Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for James. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Peter
Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Peter. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Peter
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Peter. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 John
Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 John
Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
3 John
Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for 3 John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Jude
Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for Jude. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Revelation
Rendered chapters 1–22 are mapped to the public reader path for Revelation. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
No book matched that filter yet
Try a book name like Genesis, Psalms, Romans, or Revelation, or switch back to a broader testament filter.
What this explorer shows today
The public reader has book-by-book chapter entry points across the 66-book canon. Deeper corpus and provenance details stay on the supporting Bible Data shelves.
Return to Apologetics Bible Use Bible Insights Use Bible Data
Commentary Witness
Job 9:1
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Job 9:1
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness