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Apologetics Bible

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Published chapter Reader summary first Joshua live Chapter 8 of 24 35 verse waypoints 35 commentary witnesses

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Joshua documents the conquest and settlement of Canaan under Joshua ben Nun (c. 1406-1380 BC on the early date, c. 1220-1200 BC on the late date). Archaeological evidence — including the Jericho debate (Kathleen Kenyon vs. Bryant Wood), the Hazor stratum, and the Amarna letters referencing 'Habiru' incursions — informs ongoing historical reassessment.

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Connected primary witness

Connected ID: Joshua_8

Primary Witness Text: And the LORD said unto Joshua, Fear not, neither be thou dismayed: take all the people of war with thee, and arise, go up to Ai: see, I have given into thy hand the king of Ai, and his people, and his city, and his land: And thou shalt do to Ai and her king as thou didst unto Jericho and her king: only the spoil thereof, and the cattle thereof, shall ye take for a prey unto yourselves: lay thee an ambush for the city behind it. So Joshua arose, and all the people of war, to go up against Ai: and Joshua chose out thirty thousand mighty men of valour, and sent them away by night. And he commanded them, saying, Behold, ye shall lie in wait against the city, even behind the city: go not very far from the city, but be ye all ready: And I, and all the people that are with me, will approach unto the city: and it shall come to pass, when they come out against us, as at the first, that we will flee before them, (For they will come out after us) till we have drawn them from the city; for they will say, They flee before us, as at the first: therefore we will flee before them. Then ye shall rise up from the ambush, and seize upon the city: for the LORD your God will deliver it into your hand. And it shall be, when ye have taken the city, that ye shall set the city on fire: according to the commandment of the LORD shall ye do. See, I have commanded you. Joshua therefore sent them forth: and they went to lie in ambush, and abode between Beth–el and Ai, on the west side of Ai: but Joshua lo...

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Connected ID: Joshua_8

Chapter Blob Preview: And the LORD said unto Joshua, Fear not, neither be thou dismayed: take all the people of war with thee, and arise, go up to Ai: see, I have given into thy hand the king of Ai, and his people, and his city, and his land: And thou shalt do to Ai and her king as thou didst unto Jericho and her king: only the spoil thereof, and the cattle thereof, shall ye take for a prey unto you...

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Chapter frame

Theologically, Joshua typifies Christ: the Hebrew name Yehoshua is the same name as Jesus (Iēsous in LXX), and the rest that Joshua gave anticipated the greater rest of Hebrews 4. The Rahab narrative introduces the scarlet cord as a sign of redemption — a type richly explored in later typological interpretation.

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Joshua 8:1

Hebrew

וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אַל־תִּירָא וְאַל־תֵּחָת קַח עִמְּךָ אֵת כָּל־עַם הַמִּלְחָמָה וְקוּם עֲלֵה הָעָי רְאֵה ׀ נָתַתִּי בְיָדְךָ אֶת־מֶלֶךְ הָעַי וְאֶת־עַמּוֹ וְאֶת־עִירוֹ וְאֶת־אַרְצֽוֹ׃

vayo'mer-yehvah-'el-yehvoshu'a-'al-tiyra'-ve'al-techat-qach-'imekha-'et-khal-'am-hamilechamah-veqvm-'aleh-ha'ay-re'eh- -natatiy-veyadekha-'et-melekhe-ha'ay-ve'et-'amvo-ve'et-'iyrvo-ve'et-'aretzvo

KJV: And the LORD said unto Joshua, Fear not, neither be thou dismayed: take all the people of war with thee, and arise, go up to Ai: see, I have given into thy hand the king of Ai, and his people, and his city, and his land:

AKJV: And the LORD said to Joshua, Fear not, neither be you dismayed: take all the people of war with you, and arise, go up to Ai: see, I have given into your hand the king of Ai, and his people, and his city, and his land:

ASV: And Jehovah said unto Joshua, Fear not, neither be thou dismayed: take all the people of war with thee, and arise, go up to Ai; see, I have given into thy hand the king of Ai, and his people, and his city, and his land;

YLT: And Jehovah saith unto Joshua, `Fear not, nor be affrighted, take with thee all the people of war, and rise, go up to Ai; see, I have given into thy hand the king of Ai, and his people, and his city, and his land,

Commentary WitnessJoshua 8:1

Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Joshua 8:1

Quoted commentary witness

The Lord encourages Joshua, and promises to deliver Ai into his hands, and instructs him how he is to proceed against it, Jos 8:1, Jos 8:2. Joshua takes thirty thousand of his best troops, and gives them instructions concerning his intention of taking Ai by stratagem, Jos 8:3-8. The men dispose themselves according to these directions, Jos 8:9-13. The king of Ai attacks the Israelites, who, feigning to be beaten, fly before him, in consequence of which all the troops of Ai issue out, and pursue the Israelites, Jos 8:14-17. Joshua, at the command of God, stretches out his spear towards Ai, and then five thousand men that he had placed in ambush in the valley rise up, enter the city, and set it on fire, Jos 8:18, Jos 8:19. Then Joshua and his men turned against the men of Ai, and, at the same time, those who had taken the city sallied forth and attacked them in the rear; thus the men of Ai were defeated, their king taken prisoner, the city sacked, and twelve thousand persons slain, Jos 8:20-26. The Israelites take the spoils, and hang the king of Ai, Jos 8:27-29. Joshua builds an altar to God on Mount Ebal, and writes on it a copy of the law of Moses, Jos 8:30-32. The elders, officers, and judges, stand on each side of the ark, one half over against Mount Gerizim, and the other against Mount Ebal, and read all the blessings and curses of the law, according to the command of Moses, Jos 8:33-35. Verse 1 Fear not - The iniquity being now purged away, because of which God had turned his hand against Israel, there was now no cause to dread any other disaster, and therefore Joshua is ordered to take courage. Take all the people of war with thee - From the letter of this verse it appears that all that were capable of carrying arms were to march out of the camp on this occasion: thirty thousand chosen men formed an ambuscade in one place; five thousand he placed in another, who had all gained their positions in the night season: with the rest of the army he appeared the next morning before Ai, which the men of that city would naturally suppose were the whole of the Israelitish forces; and consequently be the more emboldened to come out and attack them. But some think that thirty thousand men were the whole that were employed on this occasion; five thousand of whom were placed as an ambuscade on the west side of the city between Beth-el and Ai, Jos 8:12, and with the rest he appeared before the city in the morning. The king of Ai seeing but about twenty-five thousand coming against him, and being determined to defend his city and crown to the last extremity, though he had but twelve thousand persons in the whole city, Jos 8:25, scarcely one half of whom we can suppose to be effective men, he was determined to risk a battle; and accordingly issued out, and was defeated by the stratagem mentioned in the preceding part of this chapter. Several eminent commentators are of opinion that the whole Israelitish force was employed on this occasion, because of what is said in the first verse; but this is not at all likely. 1. It appears that but thirty thousand were chosen out of the whole camp for this expedition, the rest being drawn up in readiness should their co-operation be necessary. See Jos 8:3, Jos 8:10. 2. That all the people were mustered in order to make this selection, Jos 8:1. 3. That these thirty thousand were sent off by night, Jos 8:3, Joshua himself continuing in the camp a part of that night, Jos 8:9, with the design of putting himself at the head of the army next morning. 4. That of the thirty thousand men five thousand were directed to lie in ambush between Beth-el and Ai, on the west side of the city, Jos 8:12; the twenty-five thousand having taken a position on the north side of the city, Jos 8:11. 5. That the whole of the troops employed against Ai on this occasion were those on the north and west, Jos 8:13, which we know from the preceding verses were composed of thirty thousand chosen men. 6. That Joshua went in the course of the night, probably before daybreak, into the valley between Beth-el and Ai, where the ambuscade of five thousand men was placed, Jos 8:13, and gave them the proper directions how they were to proceed, and agreed on the sign he was to give them at the moment he wished them to act, see Jos 8:18 : and that, after having done so, he put himself at the head of the twenty-five thousand men on the north side of the city: for we find him among them when the men of Ai issued out, Jos 8:15, though he was the night before in the valley on the west side, where the ambuscade lay, Jos 8:13. 7. That as Ai was but a small city, containing only twelve thousand inhabitants, it would have been absurd to have employed an army of several hundred thousand men against them. 8. This is confirmed by the opinion of the spies, Jos 7:3, who, from the smallness of the place, the fewness of its inhabitants, and the panic-struck state in which they found them, judged that three thousand troops would be quite sufficient to reduce the place. 9. That it appears this judgment was correctly enough formed, as the whole population of the place amounted only to twelve thousand persons, as we have already seen, Jos 8:25. 10. That even a less force might have been sufficient for the reduction of this place, had they been supplied with battering-rams, and such like instruments, which it does not appear the Israelites possessed. 11. That this is the reason why Joshua employed the stratagems detailed in this chapter: having no proper instruments or machines by means of which he might hope to take the city by assault, (and to reduce it by famine, which was quite possible, would have consumed too much time), he used the feigned flight, Jos 8:19, to draw the inhabitants from the city, that the ambush, Jos 8:12, Jos 8:15, might then enter, and take possession of it. 12. That had he advanced with a greater force against the city the inhabitants would have had no confidence in risking a battle, and consequently would have kept within their walls, which would have defeated the design of the Israelites, which was to get them to issue from their city. 13. That, all these circumstances considered thirty thousand men, disposed as above, were amply sufficient for the reduction of the city, and were the whole of the Israelitish troops which were employed on the occasion.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:1

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Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

Moses
Joshua
Israelites
Ai
Mount Ebal
Mount Gerizim
Israel
That

Exposition: Joshua 8:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the LORD said unto Joshua, Fear not, neither be thou dismayed: take all the people of war with thee, and arise, go up to Ai: see, I have given into thy hand the king of Ai, and his people, and his city, and his land:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:2

Hebrew

וְעָשִׂיתָ לָעַי וּלְמַלְכָּהּ כַּאֲשֶׁר עָשִׂיתָ לִֽירִיחוֹ וּלְמַלְכָּהּ רַק־שְׁלָלָהּ וּבְהֶמְתָּהּ תָּבֹזּוּ לָכֶם שִׂים־לְךָ אֹרֵב לָעִיר מֵאַחֲרֶֽיהָ׃

ve'ashiyta-la'ay-vlemalekhah-kha'asher-'ashiyta-liyriychvo-vlemalekhah-raq-shelalah-vvehemetah-tavozv-lakhem-shiym-lekha-'orev-la'iyr-me'achareyha

KJV: And thou shalt do to Ai and her king as thou didst unto Jericho and her king: only the spoil thereof, and the cattle thereof, shall ye take for a prey unto yourselves: lay thee an ambush for the city behind it.

AKJV: And you shall do to Ai and her king as you did to Jericho and her king: only the spoil thereof, and the cattle thereof, shall you take for a prey to yourselves: lay you an ambush for the city behind it. ¶

ASV: and thou shalt do to Ai and her king as thou didst unto Jericho and her king: only the spoil thereof, and the cattle thereof, shall ye take for a prey unto yourselves: set thee an ambush for the city behind it.

YLT: and thou hast done to Ai and to her king as thou hast done to Jericho and to her king; only, its spoil and its cattle ye spoil for yourselves; set for thee an ambush for the city at its rear.'

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:2

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:2

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:2 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And thou shalt do to Ai and her king as thou didst unto Jericho and her king: only the spoil thereof, and the cattle thereof, shall ye take for a prey unto yourselves: lay thee an ambush for the city behind it.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:2

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:2

Exposition: Joshua 8:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And thou shalt do to Ai and her king as thou didst unto Jericho and her king: only the spoil thereof, and the cattle thereof, shall ye take for a prey unto yourselves: lay thee an ambush for the city behind it.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:3

Hebrew

וַיָּקָם יְהוֹשֻׁעַ וְכָל־עַם הַמִּלְחָמָה לַעֲלוֹת הָעָי וַיִּבְחַר יְהוֹשֻׁעַ שְׁלֹשִׁים אֶלֶף אִישׁ גִּבּוֹרֵי הַחַיִל וַיִּשְׁלָחֵם לָֽיְלָה׃

vayaqam-yehvoshu'a-vekhal-'am-hamilechamah-la'alvot-ha'ay-vayivechar-yehvoshu'a-sheloshiym-'elef-'iysh-givvorey-hachayil-vayishelachem-layelah

KJV: So Joshua arose, and all the people of war, to go up against Ai: and Joshua chose out thirty thousand mighty men of valour, and sent them away by night.

AKJV: So Joshua arose, and all the people of war, to go up against Ai: and Joshua chose out thirty thousand mighty men of valor, and sent them away by night.

ASV: So Joshua arose, and all the people of war, to go up to Ai: and Joshua chose out thirty thousand men, the mighty men of valor, and sent them forth by night.

YLT: And Joshua riseth, and all the people of war, to go up to Ai, and Joshua chooseth thirty thousand men, mighty ones of valour, and sendeth them away by night,

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:3

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:3

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:3 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'So Joshua arose, and all the people of war, to go up against Ai: and Joshua chose out thirty thousand mighty men of valour, and sent them away by night.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:3

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:3

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

Exposition: Joshua 8:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'So Joshua arose, and all the people of war, to go up against Ai: and Joshua chose out thirty thousand mighty men of valour, and sent them away by night.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:4

Hebrew

וַיְצַו אֹתָם לֵאמֹר רְאוּ אַתֶּם אֹרְבִים לָעִיר מֵאַחֲרֵי הָעִיר אַל־תַּרְחִיקוּ מִן־הָעִיר מְאֹד וִהְיִיתֶם כֻּלְּכֶם נְכֹנִֽים׃

vayetzav-'otam-le'mor-re'v-'atem-'oreviym-la'iyr-me'acharey-ha'iyr-'al-tarechiyqv-min-ha'iyr-me'od-viheyiytem-khulekhem-nekhoniym

KJV: And he commanded them, saying, Behold, ye shall lie in wait against the city, even behind the city: go not very far from the city, but be ye all ready:

AKJV: And he commanded them, saying, Behold, you shall lie in wait against the city, even behind the city: go not very far from the city, but be you all ready:

ASV: And he commanded them, saying, Behold, ye shall lie in ambush against the city, behind the city; go not very far from the city, but be ye all ready:

YLT: and commandeth them, saying, `See, ye are liers in wait against the city, at the rear of the city, ye go not very far off from the city, and all of you have been prepared,

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:4

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:4

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:4 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And he commanded them, saying, Behold, ye shall lie in wait against the city, even behind the city: go not very far from the city, but be ye all ready:'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:4

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:4

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

Behold

Exposition: Joshua 8:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he commanded them, saying, Behold, ye shall lie in wait against the city, even behind the city: go not very far from the city, but be ye all ready:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:5

Hebrew

וַאֲנִי וְכָל־הָעָם אֲשֶׁר אִתִּי נִקְרַב אֶל־הָעִיר וְהָיָה כִּֽי־יֵצְאוּ לִקְרָאתֵנוּ כַּאֲשֶׁר בָּרִֽאשֹׁנָה וְנַסְנוּ לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃

va'aniy-vekhal-ha'am-'asher-'itiy-niqerav-'el-ha'iyr-vehayah-khiy-yetze'v-liqera'tenv-kha'asher-vari'shonah-venasenv-lifeneyhem

KJV: And I, and all the people that are with me, will approach unto the city: and it shall come to pass, when they come out against us, as at the first, that we will flee before them,

AKJV: And I, and all the people that are with me, will approach to the city: and it shall come to pass, when they come out against us, as at the first, that we will flee before them,

ASV: and I, and all the people that are with me, will approach unto the city. And it shall come to pass, when they come out against us, as at the first, that we will flee before them;

YLT: and I and all the people who are with me draw near unto the city, and it hath come to pass when they come out to meet us as at the first, and we have fled before them,

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:5

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:5

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:5 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And I, and all the people that are with me, will approach unto the city: and it shall come to pass, when they come out against us, as at the first, that we will flee before them,'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:5

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:5

Exposition: Joshua 8:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And I, and all the people that are with me, will approach unto the city: and it shall come to pass, when they come out against us, as at the first, that we will flee before them,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:6

Hebrew

וְיָצְאוּ אַחֲרֵינוּ עַד הַתִּיקֵנוּ אוֹתָם מִן־הָעִיר כִּי יֹֽאמְרוּ נָסִים לְפָנֵינוּ כַּאֲשֶׁר בָּרִֽאשֹׁנָה וְנַסְנוּ לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃

veyatze'v-'achareynv-'ad-hatiyqenv-'votam-min-ha'iyr-khiy-yo'merv-nasiym-lefaneynv-kha'asher-vari'shonah-venasenv-lifeneyhem

KJV: (For they will come out after us) till we have drawn them from the city; for they will say, They flee before us, as at the first: therefore we will flee before them.

AKJV: (For they will come out after us) till we have drawn them from the city; for they will say, They flee before us, as at the first: therefore we will flee before them.

ASV: and they will come out after us, till we have drawn them away from the city; for they will say, They flee before us, as at the first: so we will flee before them;

YLT: and they have come out after us till we have drawn them out of the city, for they say, They are fleeing before us as at the first, and we have fled before them,

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:6

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:6

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:6 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: '(For they will come out after us) till we have drawn them from the city; for they will say, They flee before us, as at the first: therefore we will flee before them.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:6

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:6

Exposition: Joshua 8:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: '(For they will come out after us) till we have drawn them from the city; for they will say, They flee before us, as at the first: therefore we will flee before them.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:7

Hebrew

וְאַתֶּם תָּקֻמוּ מֵהָאוֹרֵב וְהוֹרַשְׁתֶּם אֶת־הָעִיר וּנְתָנָהּ יְהוָה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶם בְּיֶדְכֶֽם׃

ve'atem-taqumv-meha'vorev-vehvorashetem-'et-ha'iyr-vnetanah-yehvah-'eloheykhem-veyedekhem

KJV: Then ye shall rise up from the ambush, and seize upon the city: for the LORD your God will deliver it into your hand.

AKJV: Then you shall rise up from the ambush, and seize on the city: for the LORD your God will deliver it into your hand.

ASV: and ye shall rise up from the ambush, and take possession of the city: for Jehovah your God will deliver it into your hand.

YLT: and ye rise from the ambush, and have occupied the city, and Jehovah your God hath given it into your hand;

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:7

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:7

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:7 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Then ye shall rise up from the ambush, and seize upon the city: for the LORD your God will deliver it into your hand.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:7

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:7

Exposition: Joshua 8:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then ye shall rise up from the ambush, and seize upon the city: for the LORD your God will deliver it into your hand.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:8

Hebrew

וְהָיָה כְּתָפְשְׂכֶם אֶת־הָעִיר תַּצִּיתוּ אֶת־הָעִיר בָּאֵשׁ כִּדְבַר יְהוָה תַּעֲשׂוּ רְאוּ צִוִּיתִי אֶתְכֶֽם׃

vehayah-khetafeshekhem-'et-ha'iyr-tatziytv-'et-ha'iyr-va'esh-khidevar-yehvah-ta'ashv-re'v-tziviytiy-'etekhem

KJV: And it shall be, when ye have taken the city, that ye shall set the city on fire: according to the commandment of the LORD shall ye do. See, I have commanded you.

AKJV: And it shall be, when you have taken the city, that you shall set the city on fire: according to the commandment of the LORD shall you do. See, I have commanded you. ¶

ASV: And it shall be, when ye have seized upon the city, that ye shall set the city on fire; according to the word of Jehovah shall ye do: see, I have commanded you.

YLT: and it hath been, when ye capture the city, ye burn the city with fire, according to the word of Jehovah ye do, see, I have commanded you.'

Commentary WitnessJoshua 8:8

Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Joshua 8:8

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 8 Ye shall set the city on fire - Probably this means no more than that they should kindle a fire in the city, the smoke of which should be an indication that they had taken it. For as the spoils of the city were to be divided among the people, had they at this time set fire to the city itself, all the property must have been consumed, for the five thousand men did not wait to save any thing, as they immediately issued out to attack the men of Ai in the rear.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:8

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: Joshua 8:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And it shall be, when ye have taken the city, that ye shall set the city on fire: according to the commandment of the LORD shall ye do. See, I have commanded you.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:9

Hebrew

וַיִּשְׁלָחֵם יְהוֹשֻׁעַ וַיֵּֽלְכוּ אֶל־הַמַּאְרָב וַיֵּשְׁבוּ בֵּין בֵּֽית־אֵל וּבֵין הָעַי מִיָּם לָעָי וַיָּלֶן יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בַּלַּיְלָה הַהוּא בְּתוֹךְ הָעָֽם׃

vayishelachem-yehvoshu'a-vayelekhv-'el-hama'erav-vayeshevv-veyn-veyt-'el-vveyn-ha'ay-miyam-la'ay-vayalen-yehvoshu'a-valayelah-hahv'-vetvokhe-ha'am

KJV: Joshua therefore sent them forth: and they went to lie in ambush, and abode between Beth–el and Ai, on the west side of Ai: but Joshua lodged that night among the people.

AKJV: Joshua therefore sent them forth: and they went to lie in ambush, and stayed between Bethel and Ai, on the west side of Ai: but Joshua lodged that night among the people.

ASV: And Joshua sent them forth; and they went to the ambushment, and abode between Beth-el and Ai, on the west side of Ai: but Joshua lodged that night among the people.

YLT: And Joshua sendeth them away, and they go unto the ambush, and abide between Bethel and Ai, on the west of Ai; and Joshua lodgeth on that night in the midst of the people.

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:9

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:9

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:9 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Joshua therefore sent them forth: and they went to lie in ambush, and abode between Beth–el and Ai, on the west side of Ai: but Joshua lodged that night among the people.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:9

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:9

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

Exposition: Joshua 8:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Joshua therefore sent them forth: and they went to lie in ambush, and abode between Beth–el and Ai, on the west side of Ai: but Joshua lodged that night among the people.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:10

Hebrew

וַיַּשְׁכֵּם יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בַּבֹּקֶר וַיִּפְקֹד אֶת־הָעָם וַיַּעַל הוּא וְזִקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל לִפְנֵי הָעָם הָעָֽי׃

vayashekhem-yehvoshu'a-vavoqer-vayifeqod-'et-ha'am-vaya'al-hv'-veziqeney-yishera'el-lifeney-ha'am-ha'ay

KJV: And Joshua rose up early in the morning, and numbered the people, and went up, he and the elders of Israel, before the people to Ai.

AKJV: And Joshua rose up early in the morning, and numbered the people, and went up, he and the elders of Israel, before the people to Ai.

ASV: And Joshua arose up early in the morning, and mustered the people, and went up, he and the elders of Israel, before the people to Ai.

YLT: And Joshua riseth early in the morning, and inspecteth the people, and goeth up, he and the elders of Israel, before the people to Ai;

Commentary WitnessJoshua 8:10

Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Joshua 8:10

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 10 Numbered the people - ויפקד את העם vaiyiphkod eth haam, he visited the people - inspected their ranks to see whether every thing was in perfect readiness, that in case they should be needed they might be led on to the attack. There is no doubt that Joshua had left the rest of the army so disposed and ready, part of it having probably advanced towards Ai, that he might easily receive reinforcements in case of any disaster to the thirty thousand which had advanced against the city; and this consideration will serve to remove a part of the difficulty which arises from Jos 8:1, Jos 8:3, Jos 8:10, collated with other parts of this chapter. Had he brought all his troops in sight, the people of Ai would not have attempted to risk a battle, and would consequently have kept within their walls, from which it was the object of Joshua to decoy them. See the preceding observations, particularly Jos 8:10-12 (note).

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:10

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

Exposition: Joshua 8:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Joshua rose up early in the morning, and numbered the people, and went up, he and the elders of Israel, before the people to Ai.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:11

Hebrew

וְכָל־הָעָם הַמִּלְחָמָה אֲשֶׁר אִתּוֹ עָלוּ וַֽיִּגְּשׁוּ וַיָּבֹאוּ נֶגֶד הָעִיר וַֽיַּחֲנוּ מִצְּפוֹן לָעַי וְהַגַּי בינו בֵּינָיו וּבֵין־הָעָֽי׃

vekhal-ha'am-hamilechamah-'asher-'itvo-'alv-vayigeshv-vayavo'v-neged-ha'iyr-vayachanv-mitzefvon-la'ay-vehagay-vynv-veynayv-vveyn-ha'ay

KJV: And all the people, even the people of war that were with him, went up, and drew nigh, and came before the city, and pitched on the north side of Ai: now there was a valley between them and Ai.

AKJV: And all the people, even the people of war that were with him, went up, and drew near, and came before the city, and pitched on the north side of Ai: now there was a valley between them and Ai.

ASV: And all the people, eventhemen ofwar that were with him, went up, and drew nigh, and came before the city, and encamped on the north side of Ai: now there was a valley between him and Ai.

YLT: and all the people of war who are with him have gone up, and draw nigh and come in over-against the city, and encamp on the north of Ai; and the valley is between him and Ai.

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:11

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:11

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:11 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And all the people, even the people of war that were with him, went up, and drew nigh, and came before the city, and pitched on the north side of Ai: now there was a valley between them and Ai.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:11

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:11

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

Exposition: Joshua 8:11 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And all the people, even the people of war that were with him, went up, and drew nigh, and came before the city, and pitched on the north side of Ai: now there was a valley between them and Ai.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:12

Hebrew

וַיִּקַּח כַּחֲמֵשֶׁת אֲלָפִים אִישׁ וַיָּשֶׂם אוֹתָם אֹרֵב בֵּין בֵּֽית־אֵל וּבֵין הָעַי מִיָּם לָעִֽיר׃

vayiqach-khachameshet-'alafiym-'iysh-vayashem-'votam-'orev-veyn-veyt-'el-vveyn-ha'ay-miyam-la'iyr

KJV: And he took about five thousand men, and set them to lie in ambush between Beth–el and Ai, on the west side of the city.

AKJV: And he took about five thousand men, and set them to lie in ambush between Bethel and Ai, on the west side of the city.

ASV: And he took about five thousand men, and set them in ambush between Beth-el and Ai, on the west side of the city.

YLT: And he taketh about five thousand men, and setteth them an ambush between Bethel and Ai, on the west of the city;

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:12

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:12

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:12 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And he took about five thousand men, and set them to lie in ambush between Beth–el and Ai, on the west side of the city.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:12

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:12

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

Exposition: Joshua 8:12 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he took about five thousand men, and set them to lie in ambush between Beth–el and Ai, on the west side of the city.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:13

Hebrew

וַיָּשִׂימוּ הָעָם אֶת־כָּל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶה אֲשֶׁר מִצְּפוֹן לָעִיר וְאֶת־עֲקֵבוֹ מִיָּם לָעִיר וַיֵּלֶךְ יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בַּלַּיְלָה הַהוּא בְּתוֹךְ הָעֵֽמֶק׃

vayashiymv-ha'am-'et-khal-hamachaneh-'asher-mitzefvon-la'iyr-ve'et-'aqevvo-miyam-la'iyr-vayelekhe-yehvoshu'a-valayelah-hahv'-vetvokhe-ha'emeq

KJV: And when they had set the people, even all the host that was on the north of the city, and their liers in wait on the west of the city, Joshua went that night into the midst of the valley.

AKJV: And when they had set the people, even all the host that was on the north of the city, and their liers in wait on the west of the city, Joshua went that night into the middle of the valley. ¶

ASV: So they set the people, even all the host that was on the north of the city, and their liers-in-wait that were on the west of the city; and Joshua went that night into the midst of the valley.

YLT: and they set the people, all the camp which is on the north of the city, and its rear on the west of the city, and Joshua goeth on that night into the midst of the valley.

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:13

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:13

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:13 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And when they had set the people, even all the host that was on the north of the city, and their liers in wait on the west of the city, Joshua went that night into the midst of the valley.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:13

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:13

Exposition: Joshua 8:13 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when they had set the people, even all the host that was on the north of the city, and their liers in wait on the west of the city, Joshua went that night into the midst of the valley.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:14

Hebrew

וַיְהִי כִּרְאוֹת מֶֽלֶךְ־הָעַי וַֽיְמַהֲרוּ וַיַּשְׁכִּימוּ וַיֵּצְאוּ אַנְשֵֽׁי־הָעִיר לִקְרַֽאת־יִשְׂרָאֵל לַֽמִּלְחָמָה הוּא וְכָל־עַמּוֹ לַמּוֹעֵד לִפְנֵי הָֽעֲרָבָה וְהוּא לֹא יָדַע כִּֽי־אֹרֵב לוֹ מֵאַחֲרֵי הָעִֽיר׃

vayehiy-khire'vot-melekhe-ha'ay-vayemaharv-vayashekhiymv-vayetze'v-'aneshey-ha'iyr-liqera't-yishera'el-lamilechamah-hv'-vekhal-'amvo-lamvo'ed-lifeney-ha'aravah-vehv'-lo'-yada'-khiy-'orev-lvo-me'acharey-ha'iyr

KJV: And it came to pass, when the king of Ai saw it, that they hasted and rose up early, and the men of the city went out against Israel to battle, he and all his people, at a time appointed, before the plain; but he wist not that there were liers in ambush against him behind the city.

AKJV: And it came to pass, when the king of Ai saw it, that they hurried and rose up early, and the men of the city went out against Israel to battle, he and all his people, at a time appointed, before the plain; but he knew not that there were liers in ambush against him behind the city.

ASV: And it came to pass, when the king of Ai saw it, that they hasted and rose up early, and the men of the city went out against Israel to battle, he and all his people, at the time appointed, before the Arabah; but he knew not that there was an ambush against him behind the city.

YLT: And it cometh to pass, when the king of Ai seeth it , that hasten, and rise early, and go out do the men of the city to meet Israel for battle, he and all his people, at the appointed season, at the front of the plain, and he hath not known that an ambush is against him, on the rear of the city.

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:14

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:14

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:14 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And it came to pass, when the king of Ai saw it, that they hasted and rose up early, and the men of the city went out against Israel to battle, he and all his people, at a time appointed, before the plain; but he wist not that there were liers in ambush against him behind the city.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:14

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:14

Exposition: Joshua 8:14 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And it came to pass, when the king of Ai saw it, that they hasted and rose up early, and the men of the city went out against Israel to battle, he and all his people, at a time appointed, before the plain; but he wist...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:15

Hebrew

וַיִּנָּֽגְעוּ יְהוֹשֻׁעַ וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל לִפְנֵיהֶם וַיָּנֻסוּ דֶּרֶךְ הַמִּדְבָּֽר׃

vayinage'v-yehvoshu'a-vekhal-yishera'el-lifeneyhem-vayanusv-derekhe-hamidevar

KJV: And Joshua and all Israel made as if they were beaten before them, and fled by the way of the wilderness.

AKJV: And Joshua and all Israel made as if they were beaten before them, and fled by the way of the wilderness.

ASV: And Joshua and all Israel made as if they were beaten before them, and fled by the way of the wilderness.

YLT: And Joshua and all Israel seem stricken before them, and flee the way of the wilderness,

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:15

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:15

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:15 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And Joshua and all Israel made as if they were beaten before them, and fled by the way of the wilderness.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:15

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:15

Exposition: Joshua 8:15 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Joshua and all Israel made as if they were beaten before them, and fled by the way of the wilderness.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:16

Hebrew

וַיִּזָּעֲקוּ כָּל־הָעָם אֲשֶׁר בעיר בָּעַי לִרְדֹּף אַחֲרֵיהֶם וַֽיִּרְדְּפוּ אַחֲרֵי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ וַיִּנָּתְקוּ מִן־הָעִֽיר׃

vayiza'aqv-khal-ha'am-'asher-v'yr-va'ay-liredof-'achareyhem-vayiredefv-'acharey-yehvoshu'a-vayinateqv-min-ha'iyr

KJV: And all the people that were in Ai were called together to pursue after them: and they pursued after Joshua, and were drawn away from the city.

AKJV: And all the people that were in Ai were called together to pursue after them: and they pursued after Joshua, and were drawn away from the city.

ASV: And all the people that were in the city were called together to pursue after them: and they pursued after Joshua, and were drawn away from the city.

YLT: and all the people who are in the city are called to pursue after them, and they pursue after Joshua, and are drawn away out of the city,

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:16

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:16

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:16 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And all the people that were in Ai were called together to pursue after them: and they pursued after Joshua, and were drawn away from the city.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:16

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:16

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

Joshua

Exposition: Joshua 8:16 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And all the people that were in Ai were called together to pursue after them: and they pursued after Joshua, and were drawn away from the city.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:17

Hebrew

וְלֹֽא־נִשְׁאַר אִישׁ בָּעַי וּבֵית אֵל אֲשֶׁר לֹֽא־יָצְאוּ אַחֲרֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיַּעַזְבוּ אֶת־הָעִיר פְּתוּחָה וַֽיִּרְדְּפוּ אַחֲרֵי יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

velo'-nishe'ar-'iysh-va'ay-vveyt-'el-'asher-lo'-yatze'v-'acharey-yishera'el-vaya'azevv-'et-ha'iyr-fetvchah-vayiredefv-'acharey-yishera'el

KJV: And there was not a man left in Ai or Beth–el, that went not out after Israel: and they left the city open, and pursued after Israel.

AKJV: And there was not a man left in Ai or Bethel, that went not out after Israel: and they left the city open, and pursued after Israel.

ASV: And there was not a man left in Ai or Beth-el, that went not out after Israel: and they left the city open, and pursued after Israel.

YLT: and there hath not been left a man in Ai and Bethel who hath not gone out after Israel, and they leave the city open, and pursue after Israel.

Commentary WitnessJoshua 8:17

Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Joshua 8:17

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 17 There was not a man left in Ai or Beth-el - It is very likely that the principal strength of Beth-el had been previously brought into Ai, as the strongest place to make a stand in; Beth-el being but about three miles distant from Ai, and probably not greatly fortified. Therefore Ai contained on this occasion all the men of Beth-el - all the warriors of that city, as well as its own troops and inhabitants. Others think that the Beth-elites, seeing the Israelites fly, sallied out of their city as against a common enemy; but that, finding the men of Ai discomfited, and the city taken, they returned to Beth-el, which Joshua did not think proper to attack at this time. From Jdg 1:24 we find that Beth-el was then a walled city, in the hands of the Canaanites, and was taken by the house of Joseph.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:17

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

Ai
Canaanites
Joseph

Exposition: Joshua 8:17 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And there was not a man left in Ai or Beth–el, that went not out after Israel: and they left the city open, and pursued after Israel.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:18

Hebrew

וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁעַ נְטֵה בַּכִּידוֹן אֲשֶׁר־בְּיָֽדְךָ אֶל־הָעַי כִּי בְיָדְךָ אֶתְּנֶנָּה וַיֵּט יְהוֹשֻׁעַ בַּכִּידוֹן אֲשֶׁר־בְּיָדוֹ אֶל־הָעִֽיר׃

vayo'mer-yehvah-'el-yehvoshu'a-neteh-vakhiydvon-'asher-veyadekha-'el-ha'ay-khiy-veyadekha-'etenenah-vayet-yehvoshu'a-vakhiydvon-'asher-veyadvo-'el-ha'iyr

KJV: And the LORD said unto Joshua, Stretch out the spear that is in thy hand toward Ai; for I will give it into thine hand. And Joshua stretched out the spear that he had in his hand toward the city.

AKJV: And the LORD said to Joshua, Stretch out the spear that is in your hand toward Ai; for I will give it into your hand. And Joshua stretched out the spear that he had in his hand toward the city.

ASV: And Jehovah said unto Joshua, Stretch out the javelin that is in thy hand toward Ai; for I will give it into thy hand. And Joshua stretched out the javelin that was in his hand toward the city.

YLT: And Jehovah saith unto Joshua, `Stretch out with the javelin which is in thy hand towards Ai, for into thy hand I give it;' and Joshua stretcheth out with the javelin which is in his hand toward the city,

Commentary WitnessJoshua 8:18

Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Joshua 8:18

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 18 Stretch out the spear - It is very probable that Joshua had a flag or ensign at the end of his spear, which might be easily seen at a considerable distance; and that the unfurling or waving of this was the sign agreed on between him and the ambush. (see Jos 8:13, and the preceding observations on Jos 8:1 (note), observation 6); and on seeing this flag or ensign unfurled, the men who lay in ambush arose and entered the city, making the fire previously agreed on. See Jos 8:8.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:18

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: Joshua 8:18 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the LORD said unto Joshua, Stretch out the spear that is in thy hand toward Ai; for I will give it into thine hand. And Joshua stretched out the spear that he had in his hand toward the city.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:19

Hebrew

וְהָאוֹרֵב קָם מְהֵרָה מִמְּקוֹמוֹ וַיָּרוּצוּ כִּנְטוֹת יָדוֹ וַיָּבֹאוּ הָעִיר וַֽיִּלְכְּדוּהָ וַֽיְמַהֲרוּ וַיַּצִּיתוּ אֶת־הָעִיר בָּאֵֽשׁ׃

veha'vorev-qam-meherah-mimeqvomvo-vayarvtzv-khinetvot-yadvo-vayavo'v-ha'iyr-vayilekhedvha-vayemaharv-vayatziytv-'et-ha'iyr-va'esh

KJV: And the ambush arose quickly out of their place, and they ran as soon as he had stretched out his hand: and they entered into the city, and took it, and hasted and set the city on fire.

AKJV: And the ambush arose quickly out of their place, and they ran as soon as he had stretched out his hand: and they entered into the city, and took it, and hurried and set the city on fire.

ASV: And the ambush arose quickly out of their place, and they ran as soon as he had stretched out his hand, and entered into the city, and took it; and they hasted and set the city on fire.

YLT: and the ambush hath risen with haste, out of its place, and they run at the stretching out of his hand, and go into the city, and capture it, and hasten, and burn the city with fire.

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:19

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:19

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:19 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And the ambush arose quickly out of their place, and they ran as soon as he had stretched out his hand: and they entered into the city, and took it, and hasted and set the city on fire.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:19

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:19

Exposition: Joshua 8:19 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the ambush arose quickly out of their place, and they ran as soon as he had stretched out his hand: and they entered into the city, and took it, and hasted and set the city on fire.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:20

Hebrew

וַיִּפְנוּ אַנְשֵׁי הָעַי אַחֲרֵיהֶם וַיִּרְאוּ וְהִנֵּה עָלָה עֲשַׁן הָעִיר הַשָּׁמַיְמָה וְלֹא־הָיָה בָהֶם יָדַיִם לָנוּס הֵנָּה וָהֵנָּה וְהָעָם הַנָּס הַמִּדְבָּר נֶהְפַּךְ אֶל־הָרוֹדֵֽף׃

vayifenv-'aneshey-ha'ay-'achareyhem-vayire'v-vehineh-'alah-'ashan-ha'iyr-hashamayemah-velo'-hayah-vahem-yadayim-lanvs-henah-vahenah-veha'am-hanas-hamidevar-nehefakhe-'el-harvodef

KJV: And when the men of Ai looked behind them, they saw, and, behold, the smoke of the city ascended up to heaven, and they had no power to flee this way or that way: and the people that fled to the wilderness turned back upon the pursuers.

AKJV: And when the men of Ai looked behind them, they saw, and, behold, the smoke of the city ascended up to heaven, and they had no power to flee this way or that way: and the people that fled to the wilderness turned back on the pursuers.

ASV: And when the men of Ai looked behind them, they saw, and, behold, the smoke of the city ascended up to heaven, and they had no power to flee this way or that way: and the people that fled to the wilderness turned back upon the pursuers.

YLT: And the men of Ai look behind them, and see, and lo, the smoke of the city hath gone up unto the heavens, and there hath not been in them power to flee hither and thither--and the people who are fleeing to the wilderness have turned against the pursuer, --

Commentary WitnessJoshua 8:20

Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Joshua 8:20

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 20 They had no power to flee this way or that way - They were in utter consternation; they saw that the city was taken, they found themselves in the midst of their foes; that their wives, children, and property, had fallen a prey to their enemies, in consequence of which they were so utterly panic-struck as to be incapable of making any resistance.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:20

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: Joshua 8:20 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when the men of Ai looked behind them, they saw, and, behold, the smoke of the city ascended up to heaven, and they had no power to flee this way or that way: and the people that fled to the wilderness turned back...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:21

Hebrew

וִיהוֹשֻׁעַ וְכָֽל־יִשְׂרָאֵל רָאוּ כִּֽי־לָכַד הָֽאֹרֵב אֶת־הָעִיר וְכִי עָלָה עֲשַׁן הָעִיר וַיָּשֻׁבוּ וַיַּכּוּ אֶת־אַנְשֵׁי הָעָֽי׃

viyhvoshu'a-vekhal-yishera'el-ra'v-khiy-lakhad-ha'orev-'et-ha'iyr-vekhiy-'alah-'ashan-ha'iyr-vayashuvv-vayakhv-'et-'aneshey-ha'ay

KJV: And when Joshua and all Israel saw that the ambush had taken the city, and that the smoke of the city ascended, then they turned again, and slew the men of Ai.

AKJV: And when Joshua and all Israel saw that the ambush had taken the city, and that the smoke of the city ascended, then they turned again, and slew the men of Ai.

ASV: And when Joshua and all Israel saw that the ambush had taken the city, and that the smoke of the city ascended, then they turned again, and slew the men of Ai.

YLT: and Joshua and all Israel have seen that the ambush hath captured the city, and that the smoke of the city hath gone up, and they turn back and smite the men of Ai;

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:21

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:21

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:21 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And when Joshua and all Israel saw that the ambush had taken the city, and that the smoke of the city ascended, then they turned again, and slew the men of Ai.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:21

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:21

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

Exposition: Joshua 8:21 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when Joshua and all Israel saw that the ambush had taken the city, and that the smoke of the city ascended, then they turned again, and slew the men of Ai.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:22

Hebrew

וְאֵלֶּה יָצְאוּ מִן־הָעִיר לִקְרָאתָם וַיִּֽהְיוּ לְיִשְׂרָאֵל בַּתָּוֶךְ אֵלֶּה מִזֶּה וְאֵלֶּה מִזֶּה וַיַּכּוּ אוֹתָם עַד־בִּלְתִּי הִשְׁאִֽיר־לוֹ שָׂרִיד וּפָלִֽיט׃

ve'eleh-yatze'v-min-ha'iyr-liqera'tam-vayiheyv-leyishera'el-vatavekhe-'eleh-mizeh-ve'eleh-mizeh-vayakhv-'votam-'ad-viletiy-hishe'iyr-lvo-shariyd-vfaliyt

KJV: And the other issued out of the city against them; so they were in the midst of Israel, some on this side, and some on that side: and they smote them, so that they let none of them remain or escape.

AKJV: And the other issued out of the city against them; so they were in the middle of Israel, some on this side, and some on that side: and they smote them, so that they let none of them remain or escape.

ASV: And the others came forth out of the city against them; so they were in the midst of Israel, some on this side, and some on that side: and they smote them, so that they let none of them remain or escape.

YLT: and these have come out from the city to meet them, and they are in the midst of Israel, some on this side, and some on that, and they smite them till he hath not left to them a remnant and escaped one;

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:22

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:22

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:22 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And the other issued out of the city against them; so they were in the midst of Israel, some on this side, and some on that side: and they smote them, so that they let none of them remain or escape.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:22

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:22

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

Israel

Exposition: Joshua 8:22 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the other issued out of the city against them; so they were in the midst of Israel, some on this side, and some on that side: and they smote them, so that they let none of them remain or escape.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:23

Hebrew

וְאֶת־מֶלֶךְ הָעַי תָּפְשׂוּ חָי וַיַּקְרִבוּ אֹתוֹ אֶל־יְהוֹשֻֽׁעַ׃

ve'et-melekhe-ha'ay-tafeshv-chay-vayaqerivv-'otvo-'el-yehvoshu'a

KJV: And the king of Ai they took alive, and brought him to Joshua.

AKJV: And the king of Ai they took alive, and brought him to Joshua.

ASV: And the king of Ai they took alive, and brought him to Joshua.

YLT: and the king of Ai they caught alive, and bring him near unto Joshua.

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:23

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:23

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:23 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And the king of Ai they took alive, and brought him to Joshua.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:23

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:23

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

Joshua

Exposition: Joshua 8:23 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the king of Ai they took alive, and brought him to Joshua.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:24

Hebrew

וַיְהִי כְּכַלּוֹת יִשְׂרָאֵל לַהֲרֹג אֶת־כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵי הָעַי בַּשָּׂדֶה בַּמִּדְבָּר אֲשֶׁר רְדָפוּם בּוֹ וַֽיִּפְּלוּ כֻלָּם לְפִי־חֶרֶב עַד־תֻּמָּם וַיָּשֻׁבוּ כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל הָעַי וַיַּכּוּ אֹתָהּ לְפִי־חָֽרֶב׃

vayehiy-khekhalvot-yishera'el-laharog-'et-khal-yoshevey-ha'ay-vashadeh-vamidevar-'asher-redafvm-vvo-vayifelv-khulam-lefiy-cherev-'ad-tumam-vayashuvv-khal-yishera'el-ha'ay-vayakhv-'otah-lefiy-charev

KJV: And it came to pass, when Israel had made an end of slaying all the inhabitants of Ai in the field, in the wilderness wherein they chased them, and when they were all fallen on the edge of the sword, until they were consumed, that all the Israelites returned unto Ai, and smote it with the edge of the sword.

AKJV: And it came to pass, when Israel had made an end of slaying all the inhabitants of Ai in the field, in the wilderness wherein they chased them, and when they were all fallen on the edge of the sword, until they were consumed, that all the Israelites returned to Ai, and smote it with the edge of the sword.

ASV: And it came to pass, when Israel had made an end of slaying all the inhabitants of Ai in the field, in the wilderness wherein they pursued them, and they were all fallen by the edge of the sword, until they were consumed, that all Israel returned unto Ai, and smote it with the edge of the sword.

YLT: And it cometh to pass, at Israel's finishing to slay all the inhabitants of Ai in the field, in the wilderness in which they pursued them (and they fall all of them by the mouth of the sword till their consumption), that all Israel turn back to Ai, and smite it by the mouth of the sword;

Commentary WitnessJoshua 8:24

Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Joshua 8:24

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 24 Returned unto Ai, and smote it with the edge of the sword. - This must refer to the women, children, and old persons, left behind; for it is likely that all the effective men had sallied out when they imagined the Israelites had fled. See Jos 8:16.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:24

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

Exposition: Joshua 8:24 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And it came to pass, when Israel had made an end of slaying all the inhabitants of Ai in the field, in the wilderness wherein they chased them, and when they were all fallen on the edge of the sword, until they were c...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:25

Hebrew

וַיְהִי כָל־הַנֹּפְלִים בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא מֵאִישׁ וְעַד־אִשָּׁה שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר אָלֶף כֹּל אַנְשֵׁי הָעָֽי׃

vayehiy-khal-hanofeliym-vayvom-hahv'-me'iysh-ve'ad-'ishah-sheneym-'ashar-'alef-khol-'aneshey-ha'ay

KJV: And so it was, that all that fell that day, both of men and women, were twelve thousand, even all the men of Ai.

AKJV: And so it was, that all that fell that day, both of men and women, were twelve thousand, even all the men of Ai.

ASV: And all that fell that day, both of men and women, were twelve thousand, even all the men of Ai.

YLT: and all who fall during the day, of men and of women, are twelve thousand--all men of Ai.

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:25

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:25

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:25 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And so it was, that all that fell that day, both of men and women, were twelve thousand, even all the men of Ai.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:25

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:25

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

Exposition: Joshua 8:25 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And so it was, that all that fell that day, both of men and women, were twelve thousand, even all the men of Ai.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:26

Hebrew

וִיהוֹשֻׁעַ לֹֽא־הֵשִׁיב יָדוֹ אֲשֶׁר נָטָה בַּכִּידוֹן עַד אֲשֶׁר הֶחֱרִים אֵת כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵי הָעָֽי׃

viyhvoshu'a-lo'-heshiyv-yadvo-'asher-natah-vakhiydvon-'ad-'asher-hecheriym-'et-khal-yoshevey-ha'ay

KJV: For Joshua drew not his hand back, wherewith he stretched out the spear, until he had utterly destroyed all the inhabitants of Ai.

AKJV: For Joshua drew not his hand back, with which he stretched out the spear, until he had utterly destroyed all the inhabitants of Ai.

ASV: For Joshua drew not back his hand, wherewith he stretched out the javelin, until he had utterly destroyed all the inhabitants of Ai.

YLT: And Joshua hath not brought back his hand which he stretched out with the javelin till that he hath devoted all the inhabitants of Ai;

Commentary WitnessJoshua 8:26

Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Joshua 8:26

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 26 Joshua drew not his hand back - He was not only the general, but the standard-bearer or ensign of his own army, and continued in this employment during the whole of the battle. See on Jos 8:18 (note). Some commentators understand this and Jos 8:18 figuratively, as if they implied that Joshua continued in prayer to God for the success of his troops; nor did he cease till the armies of Ai were annihilated, and the city taken and destroyed. The Hebrew word כידון kidon, which we render spear, is rendered by the Vulgate clypeum, buckler; and it must be owned that it seems to have this signification in several passages of Scripture: (see 1Sam 17:6, 1Sam 17:45; Job 39:23): but it is clear enough also that it means a spear, or some kind of offensive armor, in other places: see Job 41:29; Jer 6:23. I cannot therefore think that it has any metaphorical meaning, such as that attributed to the holding up of Moses's hands, Exo 17:10-12, which is generally allowed to have a spiritual meaning, though it might be understood as the act of Joshua is here; and to this meaning an indirect glance is given in the note on the above place. But however the place in Exodus may be understood, that before us does not appear to have any metaphorical or equivocal meaning; Joshua continued to hold up or stretch out his spear, and did not slack from the pursuit till the forces of Ai were utterly discomfited.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:26

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

1Sam 17:6
1Sam 17:45
Job 39:23
Job 41:29
Jer 6:23

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

Vulgate
Ray
Moses
Scripture

Exposition: Joshua 8:26 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For Joshua drew not his hand back, wherewith he stretched out the spear, until he had utterly destroyed all the inhabitants of Ai.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:27

Hebrew

רַק הַבְּהֵמָה וּשְׁלַל הָעִיר הַהִיא בָּזְזוּ לָהֶם יִשְׂרָאֵל כִּדְבַר יְהוָה אֲשֶׁר צִוָּה אֶת־יְהוֹשֻֽׁעַ׃

raq-havehemah-vshelal-ha'iyr-hahiy'-vazezv-lahem-yishera'el-khidevar-yehvah-'asher-tzivah-'et-yehvoshu'a

KJV: Only the cattle and the spoil of that city Israel took for a prey unto themselves, according unto the word of the LORD which he commanded Joshua.

AKJV: Only the cattle and the spoil of that city Israel took for a prey to themselves, according to the word of the LORD which he commanded Joshua.

ASV: Only the cattle and the spoil of that city Israel took for prey unto themselves, according unto the word of Jehovah which he commanded Joshua.

YLT: only, the cattle and the spoil of that city have Israel spoiled for themselves, according to the word of Jehovah which He commanded Joshua.

Commentary WitnessJoshua 8:27

Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Joshua 8:27

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 27 Only the cattle and the spoil - In the case of Jericho these were all consigned to destruction, and therefore it was criminal to take any thing pertaining to the city, as we have already seen; but in the case before us the cattle and spoils were expressly given to the conquerors by the order of God. See Jos 8:2.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:27

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: Joshua 8:27 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Only the cattle and the spoil of that city Israel took for a prey unto themselves, according unto the word of the LORD which he commanded Joshua.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:28

Hebrew

וַיִּשְׂרֹף יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אֶת־הָעָי וַיְשִׂימֶהָ תֵּל־עוֹלָם שְׁמָמָה עַד הַיּוֹם הַזֶּֽה׃

vayisherof-yehvoshu'a-'et-ha'ay-vayeshiymeha-tel-'volam-shemamah-'ad-hayvom-hazeh

KJV: And Joshua burnt Ai, and made it an heap for ever, even a desolation unto this day.

AKJV: And Joshua burnt Ai, and made it an heap for ever, even a desolation to this day.

ASV: So Joshua burnt Ai, and made it a heap for ever, even a desolation, unto this day.

YLT: And Joshua burneth Ai, and maketh it a heap age-during--a desolation unto this day;

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:28

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:28

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:28 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And Joshua burnt Ai, and made it an heap for ever, even a desolation unto this day.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:28

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:28

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

Exposition: Joshua 8:28 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Joshua burnt Ai, and made it an heap for ever, even a desolation unto this day.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:29

Hebrew

וְאֶת־מֶלֶךְ הָעַי תָּלָה עַל־הָעֵץ עַד־עֵת הָעָרֶב וּכְבוֹא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ צִוָּה יְהוֹשֻׁעַ וַיֹּרִידוּ אֶת־נִבְלָתוֹ מִן־הָעֵץ וַיַּשְׁלִיכוּ אוֹתָהּ אֶל־פֶּתַח שַׁעַר הָעִיר וַיָּקִימוּ עָלָיו גַּל־אֲבָנִים גָּדוֹל עַד הַיּוֹם הַזֶּֽה׃

ve'et-melekhe-ha'ay-talah-'al-ha'etz-'ad-'et-ha'arev-vkhevvo'-hashemesh-tzivah-yehvoshu'a-vayoriydv-'et-nivelatvo-min-ha'etz-vayasheliykhv-'votah-'el-fetach-sha'ar-ha'iyr-vayaqiymv-'alayv-gal-'avaniym-gadvol-'ad-hayvom-hazeh

KJV: And the king of Ai he hanged on a tree until eventide: and as soon as the sun was down, Joshua commanded that they should take his carcase down from the tree, and cast it at the entering of the gate of the city, and raise thereon a great heap of stones, that remaineth unto this day.

AKJV: And the king of Ai he hanged on a tree until eventide: and as soon as the sun was down, Joshua commanded that they should take his carcass down from the tree, and cast it at the entering of the gate of the city, and raise thereon a great heap of stones, that remains to this day. ¶

ASV: And the king of Ai he hanged on a tree until the eventide: and at the going down of the sun Joshua commanded, and they took his body down from the tree, and cast it at the entrance of the gate of the city, and raised thereon a great heap of stones, unto this day.

YLT: and the king of Ai he hath hanged on the tree till even-time, and at the going in of the sun hath Joshua commanded, and they take down his carcase from the tree, and cast it unto the opening of the gate of the city, and raise over it a great heap of stones till this day.

Commentary WitnessJoshua 8:29

Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Joshua 8:29

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 29 The king of Ai he hanged on a tree - He had gone out at the head of his men, and had been taken prisoner, Jos 8:23; and the battle being over, he was ordered to be hanged, probably after having been strangled, or in some way deprived of life, as in the case mentioned Jos 10:26, for in those times it was not customary to hang people alive. As soon as the sun was down - It was not lawful to let the bodies remain all night upon the tree. See the note on Deu 21:23. The Septuagint say the king of Ai was hanged επι ξυλον διδυμον, upon a double tree, which probably means a forked tree, or something in the form of a cross. The tree on which criminals were hanged among the Romans was called arbor infelix, and lignum infelix, the unfortunate, ill-fated, or accursed tree. Raise thereon a great heap of stones - This was a common custom through all antiquity in every country, as we have already seen in the case of Achan, Jos 7:20.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:29

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

Septuagint
Achan

Exposition: Joshua 8:29 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the king of Ai he hanged on a tree until eventide: and as soon as the sun was down, Joshua commanded that they should take his carcase down from the tree, and cast it at the entering of the gate of the city, and r...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:30

Hebrew

אָז יִבְנֶה יְהוֹשֻׁעַ מִזְבֵּחַ לַֽיהוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּהַר עֵיבָֽל׃

'az-yiveneh-yehvoshu'a-mizevecha-layhvah-'elohey-yishera'el-vehar-'eyval

KJV: Then Joshua built an altar unto the LORD God of Israel in mount Ebal,

AKJV: Then Joshua built an altar to the LORD God of Israel in mount Ebal,

ASV: Then Joshua built an altar unto Jehovah, the God of Israel, in mount Ebal,

YLT: Then doth Joshua build an altar to Jehovah, God of Israel, in mount Ebal,

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:30

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:30

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:30 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Then Joshua built an altar unto the LORD God of Israel in mount Ebal,'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:30

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:30

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

Ebal

Exposition: Joshua 8:30 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then Joshua built an altar unto the LORD God of Israel in mount Ebal,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:31

Hebrew

כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה מֹשֶׁה עֶֽבֶד־יְהוָה אֶת־בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל כַּכָּתוּב בְּסֵפֶר תּוֹרַת מֹשֶׁה מִזְבַּח אֲבָנִים שְׁלֵמוֹת אֲשֶׁר לֹֽא־הֵנִיף עֲלֵיהֶן בַּרְזֶל וַיַּעֲלוּ עָלָיו עֹלוֹת לַֽיהוָה וַֽיִּזְבְּחוּ שְׁלָמִֽים׃

kha'asher-tzivah-mosheh-'eved-yehvah-'et-veney-yishera'el-khakhatvv-vesefer-tvorat-mosheh-mizevach-'avaniym-shelemvot-'asher-lo'-heniyf-'aleyhen-varezel-vaya'alv-'alayv-'olvot-layhvah-vayizevechv-shelamiym

KJV: As Moses the servant of the LORD commanded the children of Israel, as it is written in the book of the law of Moses, an altar of whole stones, over which no man hath lift up any iron: and they offered thereon burnt offerings unto the LORD, and sacrificed peace offerings.

AKJV: As Moses the servant of the LORD commanded the children of Israel, as it is written in the book of the law of Moses, an altar of whole stones, over which no man has lift up any iron: and they offered thereon burnt offerings to the LORD, and sacrificed peace offerings. ¶

ASV: as Moses the servant of Jehovah commanded the children of Israel, as it is written in the book of the law of Moses, an altar of unhewn stones, upon which no man had lifted up any iron: and they offered thereon burnt-offerings unto Jehovah, and sacrificed peace-offerings.

YLT: as Moses, servant of Jehovah, commanded the sons of Israel, as it is written in the book of the law of Moses--an altar of whole stones, over which he hath not waved iron--and they cause to go up upon it burnt-offerings to Jehovah, and sacrifice peace-offerings;

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:31

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:31

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:31 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'As Moses the servant of the LORD commanded the children of Israel, as it is written in the book of the law of Moses, an altar of whole stones, over which no man hath lift up any iron: and they offered thereon burnt offerings unto the LORD, and sacrificed peace offerings.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:31

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:31

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

Moses
Israel

Exposition: Joshua 8:31 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'As Moses the servant of the LORD commanded the children of Israel, as it is written in the book of the law of Moses, an altar of whole stones, over which no man hath lift up any iron: and they offered thereon burnt of...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:32

Hebrew

וַיִּכְתָּב־שָׁם עַל־הָאֲבָנִים אֵת מִשְׁנֵה תּוֹרַת מֹשֶׁה אֲשֶׁר כָּתַב לִפְנֵי בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

vayikhetav-sham-'al-ha'avaniym-'et-misheneh-tvorat-mosheh-'asher-khatav-lifeney-veney-yishera'el

KJV: And he wrote there upon the stones a copy of the law of Moses, which he wrote in the presence of the children of Israel.

AKJV: And he wrote there on the stones a copy of the law of Moses, which he wrote in the presence of the children of Israel.

ASV: And he wrote there upon the stones a copy of the law of Moses, which he wrote, in the presence of the children of Israel.

YLT: and he writeth there on the stones the copy of the law of Moses, which he hath written in the presence of the sons of Israel.

Commentary WitnessJoshua 8:32

Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Joshua 8:32

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 32 A copy of the law of Moses - משנה תורת mishneh torath, the repetition of the law; that is, a copy of the blessings and curses, as commanded by Moses; not a copy of the Decalogue, as some imagine, nor of the book of Deuteronomy, as others think; much less of the whole Pentateuch; but merely of that part which contained the blessings and curses, and which was to be read on this solemn occasion. See the note on Deu 27:3.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:32

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

Moses
Decalogue
Deuteronomy
Pentateuch

Exposition: Joshua 8:32 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he wrote there upon the stones a copy of the law of Moses, which he wrote in the presence of the children of Israel.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:33

Hebrew

וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵל וּזְקֵנָיו וְשֹׁטְרִים ׀ וְשֹׁפְטָיו עֹמְדִים מִזֶּה ׀ וּמִזֶּה ׀ לָאָרוֹן נֶגֶד הַכֹּהֲנִים הַלְוִיִּם נֹשְׂאֵי ׀ אֲרוֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָה כַּגֵּר כָּֽאֶזְרָח חֶצְיוֹ אֶל־מוּל הַר־גְּרִזִים וְהַֽחֶצְיוֹ אֶל־מוּל הַר־עֵיבָל כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה מֹשֶׁה עֶֽבֶד־יְהוָה לְבָרֵךְ אֶת־הָעָם יִשְׂרָאֵל בָּרִאשֹׁנָֽה׃

vekhal-yishera'el-vzeqenayv-veshoteriym- -veshofetayv-'omediym-mizeh- -vmizeh- -la'arvon-neged-hakhohaniym-haleviyim-noshe'ey- -'arvon-veriyt-yehvah-khager-kha'ezerach-chetzeyvo-'el-mvl-har-geriziym-vehachetzeyvo-'el-mvl-har-'eyval-kha'asher-tzivah-mosheh-'eved-yehvah-levarekhe-'et-ha'am-yishera'el-vari'shonah

KJV: And all Israel, and their elders, and officers, and their judges, stood on this side the ark and on that side before the priests the Levites, which bare the ark of the covenant of the LORD, as well the stranger, as he that was born among them; half of them over against mount Gerizim, and half of them over against mount Ebal; as Moses the servant of the LORD had commanded before, that they should bless the people of Israel.

AKJV: And all Israel, and their elders, and officers, and their judges, stood on this side the ark and on that side before the priests the Levites, which bore the ark of the covenant of the LORD, as well the stranger, as he that was born among them; half of them over against mount Gerizim, and half of them over against mount Ebal; as Moses the servant of the LORD had commanded before, that they should bless the people of Israel.

ASV: And all Israel, and their elders and officers, and their judges, stood on this side of the ark and on that side before the priests the Levites, that bare the ark of the covenant of Jehovah, as well the sojourner as the home-born; half of them in front of mount Gerizim, and half of them in front of mount Ebal; as Moses the servant of Jehovah had commanded at the first, that they should bless the people of Israel.

YLT: And all Israel, and its elders, and authorities, and its judges, are standing on this side and on that of the ark, over-against the priests, the Levites, bearing the ark of the covenant of Jehovah, as well the sojourner as the native, half of them over-against mount Gerizim, and the half of them over-against mount Ebal, as Moses servant of Jehovah commanded to bless the people of Israel at the first.

Commentary WitnessJoshua 8:33

Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Joshua 8:33

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 33 Half of them over against Mount Gerizim - See the arrangement of the whole of this business in the note and observations on Deu 27:26 (note). And see also the notes on Deuteronomy 28:1-68 (note).

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:33

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Deuteronomy 28:1-68

Exposition: Joshua 8:33 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And all Israel, and their elders, and officers, and their judges, stood on this side the ark and on that side before the priests the Levites, which bare the ark of the covenant of the LORD, as well the stranger, as he...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:34

Hebrew

וְאֽ͏ַחֲרֵי־כֵן קָרָא אֶת־כָּל־דִּבְרֵי הַתּוֹרָה הַבְּרָכָה וְהַקְּלָלָה כְּכָל־הַכָּתוּב בְּסֵפֶר הַתּוֹרָֽה׃

ve'acharey-khen-qara'-'et-khal-diverey-hatvorah-haverakhah-vehaqelalah-khekhal-hakhatvv-vesefer-hatvorah

KJV: And afterward he read all the words of the law, the blessings and cursings, according to all that is written in the book of the law.

AKJV: And afterward he read all the words of the law, the blessings and cursings, according to all that is written in the book of the law.

ASV: And afterward he read all the words of the law, the blessing and the curse, according to all that is written in the book of the law.

YLT: And afterwards he hath proclaimed all the words of the law, the blessing and the reviling, according to all that is written in the book of the law;

Commentary Witness (Generated)Joshua 8:34

Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Joshua 8:34

Generated editorial synthesis

Joshua 8:34 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And afterward he read all the words of the law, the blessings and cursings, according to all that is written in the book of the law.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:34

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Joshua 8:34

Exposition: Joshua 8:34 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And afterward he read all the words of the law, the blessings and cursings, according to all that is written in the book of the law.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Joshua 8:35

Hebrew

לֹֽא־הָיָה דָבָר מִכֹּל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּה מֹשֶׁה אֲשֶׁר לֹֽא־קָרָא יְהוֹשֻׁעַ נֶגֶד כָּל־קְהַל יִשְׂרָאֵל וְהַנָּשִׁים וְהַטַּף וְהַגֵּר הַהֹלֵךְ בְּקִרְבָּֽם׃

lo'-hayah-davar-mikhol-'asher-tzivah-mosheh-'asher-lo'-qara'-yehvoshu'a-neged-khal-qehal-yishera'el-vehanashiym-vehataf-vehager-haholekhe-veqirevam

KJV: There was not a word of all that Moses commanded, which Joshua read not before all the congregation of Israel, with the women, and the little ones, and the strangers that were conversant among them.

AKJV: There was not a word of all that Moses commanded, which Joshua read not before all the congregation of Israel, with the women, and the little ones, and the strangers that were conversant among them.

ASV: There was not a word of all that Moses commanded, which Joshua read not before all the assembly of Israel, and the women, and the little ones, and the sojourners that were among them.

YLT: there hath not been a thing of all that Moses commanded which Joshua hath not proclaimed before all the assembly of Israel, and the women, and the infants, and the sojourner who is going in their midst.

Commentary WitnessJoshua 8:35

Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Joshua 8:35

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 35 With the women and the little ones - It was necessary that all should know that they were under the same obligations to obey; even the women are brought forward, not only because of their personal responsibility, but because to them was principally intrusted the education of the children. The children also witness this solemn transaction, that a salutary fear of offending God might be early, diligently, and deeply impressed upon their hearts. Thus every precaution is taken to ensure obedience to the Divine precepts, and consequently to promote the happiness of the people; for this every ordinance of God is remarkable, as he ever causes the interest and duty of his followers to go hand in hand. 1. It may be asked, Seeing God promised to deliver Ai into the hands of the Israelites, why needed they to employ so many men and so many stratagems in order to its reduction? To this it may be answered, that God will have man to put forth the wisdom and power with which he has endued him, in every important purpose of life; that he endued him with those powers for this very end; and that it would be inconsistent with his gracious design so to help man at any time as to render the powers he had given him useless. 2. It is only in the use of lawful means that we have any reason to expect God's blessing and help. One of the ancients has remarked, "Though God has made man without himself he will not save him without himself;" and therefore man's own concurrence of will, and co-operation of power with God, are essentially necessary to his preservation and salvation. This co-operation is the grand condition, sine qua non, on which God will help or save. But is not this "endeavoring to merit salvation by our own works?" No: for this is impossible, unless we could prove that all the mental and corporeal powers which we possess came from and are of ourselves, and that we held them independently of the power and beneficence of our Creator, and that every act of these was of infinite value, to make it an equivalent for the heaven we wished to purchase. Putting forth the hand to receive the alms of a benevolent man, can never be considered a purchase-price for the bounty bestowed. For ever shall that word stand true in all its parts, Christ is the Author of eternal salvation to all them that Obey him, Heb 5:9.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Joshua 8:35

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

Heb 5:9

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

Israelites
No
Creator

Exposition: Joshua 8:35 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'There was not a word of all that Moses commanded, which Joshua read not before all the congregation of Israel, with the women, and the little ones, and the strangers that were conversant among them.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Citation trailOpen the commentary counts, references, and named sources.

Scholarly apparatus

Commentary citation index

This chapter now surfaces commentary as quoted witness material with an explicit citation trail. The index below gathers the canonical references and named authorities detected inside the commentary layer for faster academic review.

Direct commentary witnesses

Generated editorial witnesses

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Canonical references surfaced in commentary

Joshua 8:1
Joshua 8:2
Joshua 8:3
Joshua 8:4
Joshua 8:5
Joshua 8:6
Joshua 8:7
Joshua 8:8
Joshua 8:9
Joshua 8:10
Joshua 8:11
Joshua 8:12
Joshua 8:13
Joshua 8:14
Joshua 8:15
Joshua 8:16
Joshua 8:17
Joshua 8:18
Joshua 8:19
Joshua 8:20
Joshua 8:21
Joshua 8:22
Joshua 8:23
Joshua 8:24
Joshua 8:25
1Sam 17:6
1Sam 17:45
Job 39:23
Job 41:29
Jer 6:23
Joshua 8:26
Joshua 8:27
Joshua 8:28
Joshua 8:29
Joshua 8:30
Joshua 8:31
Joshua 8:32
Deuteronomy 28:1-68
Joshua 8:33
Joshua 8:34
Heb 5:9
Joshua 8:35

Named authorities or texts surfaced in commentary

Moses
Joshua
Israelites
Ai
Mount Ebal
Mount Gerizim
Israel
That
Behold
Canaanites
Joseph
Vulgate
Ray
Scripture
Septuagint
Achan
Ebal
Decalogue
Deuteronomy
Pentateuch
No
Creator

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Jude

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Coverage: 1 rendered chapter
Current public use: chapter reader path for Jude

Open Jude

New Testament Apocalypse

Revelation

Rendered chapters 1–22 are mapped to the public reader path for Revelation. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

Coverage: 22 rendered chapters
Current public use: chapter reader path for Revelation

Open Revelation

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The public reader has book-by-book chapter entry points across the 66-book canon. Deeper corpus and provenance details stay on the supporting Bible Data shelves.

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Apologetics Bible

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Joshua 8 — Joshua 8

Chapter frame

Verse-by-verse study lane

Joshua 8:1

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Apologetics Notes

Joshua 8:2

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Joshua 8:3

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Joshua 8:4

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Joshua 8:5

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Joshua 8:6

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Joshua 8:7

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Joshua 8:8

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Joshua 8:9

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Joshua 8:10

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Joshua 8:11

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Joshua 8:12

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Joshua 8:13

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Joshua 8:14

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Joshua 8:15

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Joshua 8:16

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Joshua 8:17

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Joshua 8:18

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Joshua 8:19

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Joshua 8:20

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Joshua 8:21

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Joshua 8:22

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Apologetics Notes

Joshua 8:23

Hebrew