Apologetics Bible
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Judges describes the repeated cycle of Israel's apostasy, oppression, repentance, and deliverance through Spirit-empowered judges. The book is unrelentingly honest about human failure — a mark of authentic historiography rather than theological propaganda.
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Connected primary witness
- Connected ID:
Judges_18
- Primary Witness Text: In those days there was no king in Israel: and in those days the tribe of the Danites sought them an inheritance to dwell in; for unto that day all their inheritance had not fallen unto them among the tribes of Israel. And the children of Dan sent of their family five men from their coasts, men of valour, from Zorah, and from Eshtaol, to spy out the land, and to search it; and they said unto them, Go, search the land: who when they came to mount Ephraim, to the house of Micah, they lodged there. When they were by the house of Micah, they knew the voice of the young man the Levite: and they turned in thither, and said unto him, Who brought thee hither? and what makest thou in this place? and what hast thou here? And he said unto them, Thus and thus dealeth Micah with me, and hath hired me, and I am his priest. And they said unto him, Ask counsel, we pray thee, of God, that we may know whether our way which we go shall be prosperous. And the priest said unto them, Go in peace: before the LORD is your way wherein ye go. Then the five men departed, and came to Laish, and saw the people that were therein, how they dwelt careless, after the manner of the Zidonians, quiet and secure; and there was no magistrate in the land, that might put them to shame in any thing; and they were far from the Zidonians, and had no business with any man. And they came unto their brethren to Zorah and Eshtaol: and their brethren said unto them, What say ye? And they said, Arise, that we may go up agai...
Connected dataset overlay
- Connected ID:
Judges_18
- Chapter Blob Preview: In those days there was no king in Israel: and in those days the tribe of the Danites sought them an inheritance to dwell in; for unto that day all their inheritance had not fallen unto them among the tribes of Israel. And the children of Dan sent of their family five men from their coasts, men of valour, from Zorah, and from Eshtaol, to spy out the land, and to search it; and ...
Chapter frameStart here before opening notes.
Chapter frame
Judges describes the repeated cycle of Israel's apostasy, oppression, repentance, and deliverance through Spirit-empowered judges. The book is unrelentingly honest about human failure — a mark of authentic historiography rather than theological propaganda.
The book's apologetics contribution is its candor: Scripture does not sanitize its heroes. Samson, Gideon, and Jephthah are delivered-through-faith despite massive moral failure (Heb 11:32). The final chapters of Judges (17-21) are the bleakest in the OT, deliberately framed to demand a king and ultimately a divine King who can actually transform human nature.
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Judges 18:1
Hebrew
בַּיָּמִים הָהֵם אֵין מֶלֶךְ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וּבַיָּמִים הָהֵם שֵׁבֶט הַדָּנִי מְבַקֶּשׁ־לוֹ נַֽחֲלָה לָשֶׁבֶת כִּי לֹֽא־נָפְלָה לּוֹ עַד־הַיּוֹם הַהוּא בְּתוֹךְ־שִׁבְטֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּנַחֲלָֽה׃vayamiym-hahem-'eyn-melekhe-veyishera'el-vvayamiym-hahem-shevet-hadaniy-mevaqesh-lvo-nachalah-lashevet-khiy-lo'-nafelah-lvo-'ad-hayvom-hahv'-vetvokhe-shivetey-yishera'el-venachalah
KJV: In those days there was no king in Israel: and in those days the tribe of the Danites sought them an inheritance to dwell in; for unto that day all their inheritance had not fallen unto them among the tribes of Israel.
AKJV: In those days there was no king in Israel: and in those days the tribe of the Danites sought them an inheritance to dwell in; for to that day all their inheritance had not fallen to them among the tribes of Israel.
ASV: In those days there was no king in Israel: and in those days the tribe of the Danites sought them an inheritance to dwell in; for unto that day their inheritance had not fallen unto them among the tribes of Israel.
YLT: In those days there is no king in Israel, and in those days the tribe of the Danite is seeking for itself an inheritance to inhabit, for that hath not fallen to it unto that day in the midst of the tribes of Israel by inheritance.
Exposition: Judges 18:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'In those days there was no king in Israel: and in those days the tribe of the Danites sought them an inheritance to dwell in; for unto that day all their inheritance had not fallen unto them among the tribes of Israel.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:2
Hebrew
וַיִּשְׁלְחוּ בְנֵי־דָן ׀ מִֽמִּשְׁפַּחְתָּם חֲמִשָּׁה אֲנָשִׁים מִקְצוֹתָם אֲנָשִׁים בְּנֵי־חַיִל מִצָּרְעָה וּמֵֽאֶשְׁתָּאֹל לְרַגֵּל אֶת־הָאָרֶץ וּלְחָקְרָהּ וַיֹּאמְרוּ אֲלֵהֶם לְכוּ חִקְרוּ אֶת־הָאָרֶץ וַיָּבֹאוּ הַר־אֶפְרַיִם עַד־בֵּית מִיכָה וַיָּלִינוּ שָֽׁם׃vayishelechv-veney-dan- -mimishefachetam-chamishah-'anashiym-miqetzvotam-'anashiym-veney-chayil-mitzare'ah-vme'esheta'ol-leragel-'et-ha'aretz-vlechaqerah-vayo'merv-'alehem-lekhv-chiqerv-'et-ha'aretz-vayavo'v-har-'eferayim-'ad-veyt-miykhah-vayaliynv-sham
KJV: And the children of Dan sent of their family five men from their coasts, men of valour, from Zorah, and from Eshtaol, to spy out the land, and to search it; and they said unto them, Go, search the land: who when they came to mount Ephraim, to the house of Micah, they lodged there.
AKJV: And the children of Dan sent of their family five men from their coasts, men of valor, from Zorah, and from Eshtaol, to spy out the land, and to search it; and they said to them, Go, search the land: who when they came to mount Ephraim, to the house of Micah, they lodged there.
ASV: And the children of Dan sent of their family five men from their whole number, men of valor, from Zorah, and from Eshtaol, to spy out the land, and to search it; and they said unto them, Go, search the land. And they came to the hill-country of Ephraim, unto the house of Micah, and lodged there.
YLT: And the sons of Dan send, out of their family, five men of them, men, sons of valour, from Zorah, and from Eshtaol, to traverse the land, and to search it, and they say unto them, `Go, search the land;' and they come into the hill-country of Ephraim, unto the house of Micah, and lodge there.
Commentary WitnessJudges 18:2Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Judges 18:2
Verse 2 Five men - men of valor - The Hebrew word חיל chayil has been applied to personal prowess, to mental energy, and to earthly possessions. They sent those in whose courage, judgment, and prudence, they could safely confide.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:2
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Judges 18:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the children of Dan sent of their family five men from their coasts, men of valour, from Zorah, and from Eshtaol, to spy out the land, and to search it; and they said unto them, Go, search the land: who when they...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:3
Hebrew
הֵמָּה עִם־בֵּית מִיכָה וְהֵמָּה הִכִּירוּ אֶת־קוֹל הַנַּעַר הַלֵּוִי וַיָּסוּרוּ שָׁם וַיֹּאמְרוּ לוֹ מִֽי־הֱבִיאֲךָ הֲלֹם וּמָֽה־אַתָּה עֹשֶׂה בָּזֶה וּמַה־לְּךָ פֹֽה׃hemah-'im-veyt-miykhah-vehemah-hikhiyrv-'et-qvol-hana'ar-haleviy-vayasvrv-sham-vayo'merv-lvo-miy-heviy'akha-halom-vmah-'atah-'osheh-vazeh-vmah-lekha-foh
KJV: When they were by the house of Micah, they knew the voice of the young man the Levite: and they turned in thither, and said unto him, Who brought thee hither? and what makest thou in this place? and what hast thou here?
AKJV: When they were by the house of Micah, they knew the voice of the young man the Levite: and they turned in thither, and said to him, Who brought you here? and what make you in this place? and what have you here?
ASV: When they were by the house of Micah, they knew the voice of the young man the Levite; and they turned aside thither, and said unto him, Who brought thee hither? and what doest thou in this place? and what hast thou here?
YLT: They are with the household of Micah, and they have discerned the voice of the young man, the Levite, and turn aside there, and say to him, `Who hath brought thee hither? and what art thou doing in this place? and what to thee here?'
Commentary WitnessJudges 18:3Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Judges 18:3
Verse 3 They knew the voice of the young man - They knew, by his dialect or mode of pronunciation, that he was not an Ephraimite. We have already seen (Jdg 12:6 (note)) that the Ephraimites could not pronounce certain letters.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:3
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Ephraimite
Exposition: Judges 18:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'When they were by the house of Micah, they knew the voice of the young man the Levite: and they turned in thither, and said unto him, Who brought thee hither? and what makest thou in this place? and what hast thou here?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:4
Hebrew
וַיֹּאמֶר אֲלֵהֶם כָּזֹה וְכָזֶה עָשָׂה לִי מִיכָה וַיִּשְׂכְּרֵנִי וָאֱהִי־לוֹ לְכֹהֵֽן׃vayo'mer-'alehem-khazoh-vekhazeh-'ashah-liy-miykhah-vayishekhereniy-va'ehiy-lvo-lekhohen
KJV: And he said unto them, Thus and thus dealeth Micah with me, and hath hired me, and I am his priest.
AKJV: And he said to them, Thus and thus deals Micah with me, and has hired me, and I am his priest.
ASV: And he said unto them, Thus and thus hath Micah dealt with me, and he hath hired me, and I am become his priest.
YLT: And he saith unto them, `Thus and thus hath Micah done to me; and he hireth me, and I am to him for a priest.'
Commentary Witness (Generated)Judges 18:4Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Judges 18:4
Judges 18:4 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And he said unto them, Thus and thus dealeth Micah with me, and hath hired me, and I am his priest.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:4
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Judges 18:4
Exposition: Judges 18:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he said unto them, Thus and thus dealeth Micah with me, and hath hired me, and I am his priest.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:5
Hebrew
וַיֹּאמְרוּ לוֹ שְׁאַל־נָא בֵאלֹהִים וְנֵדְעָה הֲתַצְלִיחַ דַּרְכֵּנוּ אֲשֶׁר אֲנַחְנוּ הֹלְכִים עָלֶֽיהָ׃vayo'merv-lvo-she'al-na'-ve'lohiym-venede'ah-hatatzeliycha-darekhenv-'asher-'anachenv-holekhiym-'aleyha
KJV: And they said unto him, Ask counsel, we pray thee, of God, that we may know whether our way which we go shall be prosperous.
AKJV: And they said to him, Ask counsel, we pray you, of God, that we may know whether our way which we go shall be prosperous.
ASV: And they said unto him, Ask counsel, we pray thee, of God, that we may know whether our way which we go shall be prosperous.
YLT: And they say to him, `Ask, we pray thee, at God, and we know whether our way is prosperous on which we are going.'
Commentary WitnessJudges 18:5Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Judges 18:5
Verse 5 Ask counsel - of God - As the Danites use the word אלהים Elohim here for God, we are necessarily led to believe that they meant the true God; especially as the Levite answers, Jdg 18:6, Before the Lord (יהוה Yehovah) is your way. Though the former word may be sometimes applied to idols, whom their votaries clothed with the attributes of God; yet the latter is never applied but to the true God alone. As the Danites succeeded according to the oracle delivered by the Levite, it is a strong presumption that the worship established by Micah was not of an idolatrous kind. It is really begging the question to assert, as many commentators have done, that the answer was either a trick of the Levite, or suggested by the devil; and that the success of the Danites was merely accidental. This is taking the thing by the worst handle, to support an hypothesis, and to serve a system. See the end of the preceding chapter, Jdg 17:13 (note).
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:5
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Levite
Exposition: Judges 18:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they said unto him, Ask counsel, we pray thee, of God, that we may know whether our way which we go shall be prosperous.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:6
Hebrew
וַיֹּאמֶר לָהֶם הַכֹּהֵן לְכוּ לְשָׁלוֹם נֹכַח יְהוָה דַּרְכְּכֶם אֲשֶׁר תֵּֽלְכוּ־בָֽהּ׃vayo'mer-lahem-hakhohen-lekhv-leshalvom-nokhach-yehvah-darekhekhem-'asher-telekhv-vah
KJV: And the priest said unto them, Go in peace: before the LORD is your way wherein ye go.
AKJV: And the priest said to them, Go in peace: before the LORD is your way wherein you go. ¶
ASV: And the priest said unto them, Go in peace: before Jehovah is your way wherein ye go.
YLT: And the priest saith to them, `Go in peace; over-against Jehovah is your way in which ye go.'
Commentary Witness (Generated)Judges 18:6Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Judges 18:6
Judges 18:6 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And the priest said unto them, Go in peace: before the LORD is your way wherein ye go.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:6
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Judges 18:6
Exposition: Judges 18:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the priest said unto them, Go in peace: before the LORD is your way wherein ye go.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:7
Hebrew
וַיֵּלְכוּ חֲמֵשֶׁת הָאֲנָשִׁים וַיָּבֹאוּ לָיְשָׁה וַיִּרְאוּ אֶת־הָעָם אֲשֶׁר־בְּקִרְבָּהּ יוֹשֶֽׁבֶת־לָבֶטַח כְּמִשְׁפַּט צִדֹנִים שֹׁקֵט ׀ וּבֹטֵחַ וְאֵין־מַכְלִים דָּבָר בָּאָרֶץ יוֹרֵשׁ עֶצֶר וּרְחֹקִים הֵמָּה מִצִּדֹנִים וְדָבָר אֵין־לָהֶם עִם־אָדָֽם׃vayelekhv-chameshet-ha'anashiym-vayavo'v-layeshah-vayire'v-'et-ha'am-'asher-veqirevah-yvoshevet-lavetach-khemishefat-tzidoniym-shoqet- -vvotecha-ve'eyn-makheliym-davar-va'aretz-yvoresh-'etzer-vrechoqiym-hemah-mitzidoniym-vedavar-'eyn-lahem-'im-'adam
KJV: Then the five men departed, and came to Laish, and saw the people that were therein, how they dwelt careless, after the manner of the Zidonians, quiet and secure; and there was no magistrate in the land, that might put them to shame in any thing; and they were far from the Zidonians, and had no business with any man.
AKJV: Then the five men departed, and came to Laish, and saw the people that were therein, how they dwelled careless, after the manner of the Zidonians, quiet and secure; and there was no magistrate in the land, that might put them to shame in any thing; and they were far from the Zidonians, and had no business with any man.
ASV: Then the five men departed, and came to Laish, and saw the people that were therein, how they dwelt in security, after the manner of the Sidonians, quiet and secure; for there was none in the land, possessing authority, that might put them to shame in anything, and they were far from the Sidonians, and had no dealings with any man.
YLT: And the five men go, and come in to Laish, and see the people which is in its midst, dwelling confidently, according to the custom of Zidonians, quiet and confident; and there is none putting to shame in the land in any thing, possessing restraint, and they are far off from the Zidonians, and have no word with any man.
Commentary WitnessJudges 18:7Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Judges 18:7
Verse 7 After the manner of the Zidonians - Probably the people of Laish or Leshem were originally a colony of the Sidonians, who, it appears, were an opulent people; and, being in possession of a strong city, lived in a state of security, not being afraid of their neighbors. In this the Leshemites imitated them, though the sequel proves they had not the same reason for their confidence. They were far from the Zidonians - Being, as above supposed, a Sidonian colony, they might naturally expect help from their countrymen; but, as they dwelt a considerable distance from Sidon, the Danites saw that they could strike the blow before the news of invasion could reach Sidon; and, consequently, before the people of Laish could receive any succours from that city. And had no business with any man - In the most correct copies of the Septuagint, this clause is thus translated: Και λογος ουκ ην αυτοις μετα Συριας; and they had no transactions with Syria. Now it is most evident that, instead of אדם adam, Man, they read ארם aram, Syria; words which are so nearly similar that the difference which exists is only between the ר resh and ד daleth, and this, both in MSS. and printed books, is often indiscernible. This reading is found in the Codex Alexandrinus, in the Complutensian Polyglot, in the Spanish Polyglot, and in the edition of the Septuagint published by Aldus. It may be proper to observe, that Laish was on the frontiers of Syria; but as they had no intercourse with the Syrians, from whom they might have received the promptest assistance, this was an additional reason why the Danites might expect success.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:7
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Septuagint
- Sidonians
- Being
- Sidon
- Syria
- Man
- Codex Alexandrinus
- Complutensian Polyglot
- Spanish Polyglot
- Aldus
- Syrians
Exposition: Judges 18:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then the five men departed, and came to Laish, and saw the people that were therein, how they dwelt careless, after the manner of the Zidonians, quiet and secure; and there was no magistrate in the land, that might pu...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:8
Hebrew
וַיָּבֹאוּ אֶל־אֲחֵיהֶם צָרְעָה וְאֶשְׁתָּאֹל וַיֹּאמְרוּ לָהֶם אֲחֵיהֶם מָה אַתֶּֽם׃vayavo'v-'el-'acheyhem-tzare'ah-ve'esheta'ol-vayo'merv-lahem-'acheyhem-mah-'atem
KJV: And they came unto their brethren to Zorah and Eshtaol: and their brethren said unto them, What say ye?
AKJV: And they came to their brothers to Zorah and Eshtaol: and their brothers said to them, What say you?
ASV: And they came unto their brethren to Zorah and Eshtaol: and their brethren said unto them, What say ye?
YLT: And they come in unto their brethren, at Zorah and Eshtaol, and their brethren say to them, `What--ye?'
Commentary Witness (Generated)Judges 18:8Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Judges 18:8
Judges 18:8 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And they came unto their brethren to Zorah and Eshtaol: and their brethren said unto them, What say ye?'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:8
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Judges 18:8
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Eshtaol
Exposition: Judges 18:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they came unto their brethren to Zorah and Eshtaol: and their brethren said unto them, What say ye?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:9
Hebrew
וַיֹּאמְרוּ קוּמָה וְנַעֲלֶה עֲלֵיהֶם כִּי רָאִינוּ אֶת־הָאָרֶץ וְהִנֵּה טוֹבָה מְאֹד וְאַתֶּם מַחְשִׁים אַל־תֵּעָצְלוּ לָלֶכֶת לָבֹא לָרֶשֶׁת אֶת־הָאָֽרֶץ׃vayo'merv-qvmah-vena'aleh-'aleyhem-khiy-ra'iynv-'et-ha'aretz-vehineh-tvovah-me'od-ve'atem-macheshiym-'al-te'atzelv-lalekhet-lavo'-lareshet-'et-ha'aretz
KJV: And they said, Arise, that we may go up against them: for we have seen the land, and, behold, it is very good: and are ye still? be not slothful to go, and to enter to possess the land.
AKJV: And they said, Arise, that we may go up against them: for we have seen the land, and, behold, it is very good: and are you still? be not slothful to go, and to enter to possess the land.
ASV: And they said, Arise, and let us go up against them; for we have seen the land, and, behold, it is very good: and are ye still? be not slothful to go and to enter in to possess the land.
YLT: And they say, `Rise, and we go up against them, for we have seen the land, and lo, very good; and ye are keeping silent! be not slothful to go--to enter to possess the land.
Commentary WitnessJudges 18:9Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Judges 18:9
Verse 9 Arise, etc. - This is a very plain and nervous address; full of good sense, and well adapted to the purpose. It seems to have produced an instantaneous effect.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:9
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Arise
Exposition: Judges 18:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they said, Arise, that we may go up against them: for we have seen the land, and, behold, it is very good: and are ye still? be not slothful to go, and to enter to possess the land.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:10
Hebrew
כְּבֹאֲכֶם תָּבֹאוּ ׀ אֶל־עַם בֹּטֵחַ וְהָאָרֶץ רַחֲבַת יָדַיִם כִּֽי־נְתָנָהּ אֱלֹהִים בְּיֶדְכֶם מָקוֹם אֲשֶׁר אֵֽין־שָׁם מַחְסוֹר כָּל־דָּבָר אֲשֶׁר בָּאָֽרֶץ׃khevo'akhem-tavo'v- -'el-'am-votecha-veha'aretz-rachavat-yadayim-khiy-netanah-'elohiym-veyedekhem-maqvom-'asher-'eyn-sham-machesvor-khal-davar-'asher-va'aretz
KJV: When ye go, ye shall come unto a people secure, and to a large land: for God hath given it into your hands; a place where there is no want of any thing that is in the earth.
AKJV: When you go, you shall come to a people secure, and to a large land: for God has given it into your hands; a place where there is no want of any thing that is in the earth. ¶
ASV: When ye go, ye shall come unto a people secure, and the land is large; for God hath given it into your hand, a place where there is no want of anything that is in the earth.
YLT: When ye go, ye come in unto a people confident, and the land is large on both hands, for God hath given it into your hand, a place where there is no lack of anything which is in the land.'
Commentary Witness (Generated)Judges 18:10Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Judges 18:10
Judges 18:10 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'When ye go, ye shall come unto a people secure, and to a large land: for God hath given it into your hands; a place where there is no want of any thing that is in the earth.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:10
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Judges 18:10
Exposition: Judges 18:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'When ye go, ye shall come unto a people secure, and to a large land: for God hath given it into your hands; a place where there is no want of any thing that is in the earth.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:11
Hebrew
וַיִּסְעוּ מִשָּׁם מִמִּשְׁפַּחַת הַדָּנִי מִצָּרְעָה וּמֵאֶשְׁתָּאֹל שֵֽׁשׁ־מֵאוֹת אִישׁ חָגוּר כְּלֵי מִלְחָמָֽה׃vayise'v-misham-mimishefachat-hadaniy-mitzare'ah-vme'esheta'ol-shesh-me'vot-'iysh-chagvr-kheley-milechamah
KJV: And there went from thence of the family of the Danites, out of Zorah and out of Eshtaol, six hundred men appointed with weapons of war.
AKJV: And there went from there of the family of the Danites, out of Zorah and out of Eshtaol, six hundred men appointed with weapons of war.
ASV: And there set forth from thence of the family of the Danites, out of Zorah and out of Eshtaol, six hundred men girt with weapons of war.
YLT: And there journey thence, of the family of the Danite, from Zorah, and from Eshtaol, six hundred men girded with weapons of war.
Commentary WitnessJudges 18:11Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Judges 18:11
Verse 11 Six hundred men - These were not the whole, for we find they had children, etc., Jdg 18:21; but these appear to have been six hundred armed men.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:11
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Judges 18:11 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And there went from thence of the family of the Danites, out of Zorah and out of Eshtaol, six hundred men appointed with weapons of war.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:12
Hebrew
וַֽיַּעֲלוּ וַֽיַּחֲנוּ בְּקִרְיַת יְעָרִים בִּֽיהוּדָה עַל־כֵּן קָרְאוּ לַמָּקוֹם הַהוּא מַחֲנֵה־דָן עַד הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה הִנֵּה אַחֲרֵי קִרְיַת יְעָרִֽים׃vaya'alv-vayachanv-veqireyat-ye'ariym-viyhvdah-'al-khen-qare'v-lamaqvom-hahv'-machaneh-dan-'ad-hayvom-hazeh-hineh-'acharey-qireyat-ye'ariym
KJV: And they went up, and pitched in Kirjath–jearim, in Judah: wherefore they called that place Mahaneh–dan unto this day: behold, it is behind Kirjath–jearim.
AKJV: And they went up, and pitched in Kirjathjearim, in Judah: why they called that place Mahanehdan to this day: behold, it is behind Kirjathjearim.
ASV: And they went up, and encamped in Kiriath-jearim, in Judah: wherefore they called that place Mahaneh-dan, unto this day; behold, it is behind Kiriath-jearim.
YLT: And they go up and encamp in Kirjath-Jearim, in Judah, therefore they have called that place, `Camp of Dan,' till this day; lo, behind Kirjath-Jearim.
Commentary WitnessJudges 18:12Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Judges 18:12
Verse 12 Mahaneh-dan - "The camp of Dan;" so called from the circumstance of this armament encamping there. See Jdg 13:25 (note), which affords some proof that this transaction was previous to the days of Samson.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:12
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Dan
- Samson
Exposition: Judges 18:12 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they went up, and pitched in Kirjath–jearim, in Judah: wherefore they called that place Mahaneh–dan unto this day: behold, it is behind Kirjath–jearim.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:13
Hebrew
וַיַּעַבְרוּ מִשָּׁם הַר־אֶפְרָיִם וַיָּבֹאוּ עַד־בֵּית מִיכָֽה׃vaya'averv-misham-har-'eferayim-vayavo'v-'ad-veyt-miykhah
KJV: And they passed thence unto mount Ephraim, and came unto the house of Micah.
AKJV: And they passed there to mount Ephraim, and came to the house of Micah. ¶
ASV: And they passed thence unto the hill-country of Ephraim, and came unto the house of Micah.
YLT: And they pass over thence to the hill-country of Ephraim, and come in unto the house of Micah.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Judges 18:13Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Judges 18:13
Judges 18:13 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And they passed thence unto mount Ephraim, and came unto the house of Micah.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:13
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Judges 18:13
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Ephraim
- Micah
Exposition: Judges 18:13 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they passed thence unto mount Ephraim, and came unto the house of Micah.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:14
Hebrew
וַֽיַּעֲנוּ חֲמֵשֶׁת הָאֲנָשִׁים הַהֹלְכִים לְרַגֵּל אֶת־הָאָרֶץ לַיִשׁ וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ אֶל־אֲחֵיהֶם הַיְדַעְתֶּם כִּי יֵשׁ בַּבָּתִּים הָאֵלֶּה אֵפוֹד וּתְרָפִים וּפֶסֶל וּמַסֵּכָה וְעַתָּה דְּעוּ מַֽה־תַּעֲשֽׂוּ׃vaya'anv-chameshet-ha'anashiym-haholekhiym-leragel-'et-ha'aretz-layish-vayo'merv-'el-'acheyhem-hayeda'etem-khiy-yesh-vavatiym-ha'eleh-'efvod-vterafiym-vfesel-vmasekhah-ve'atah-de'v-mah-ta'ashv
KJV: Then answered the five men that went to spy out the country of Laish, and said unto their brethren, Do ye know that there is in these houses an ephod, and teraphim, and a graven image, and a molten image? now therefore consider what ye have to do.
AKJV: Then answered the five men that went to spy out the country of Laish, and said to their brothers, Do you know that there is in these houses an ephod, and teraphim, and a graven image, and a molten image? now therefore consider what you have to do.
ASV: Then answered the five men that went to spy out the country of Laish, and said unto their brethren, Do ye know that there is in these houses an ephod, and teraphim, and a graven image, and a molten image? now therefore consider what ye have to do.
YLT: And the five men, those going to traverse the land of Laish, answer and say unto their brethren, `Have ye known that there is in these houses an ephod, and teraphim, and graven image, and molten image? and now, know what ye do.'
Commentary WitnessJudges 18:14Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Judges 18:14
Verse 14 Consider what ye have to do - They probably had formed the design to carry off the priest and his sacred utensils.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:14
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Judges 18:14 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then answered the five men that went to spy out the country of Laish, and said unto their brethren, Do ye know that there is in these houses an ephod, and teraphim, and a graven image, and a molten image? now therefor...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:15
Hebrew
וַיָּסוּרוּ שָׁמָּה וַיָּבֹאוּ אֶל־בֵּֽית־הַנַּעַר הַלֵּוִי בֵּית מִיכָה וַיִּשְׁאֲלוּ־לוֹ לְשָׁלֽוֹם׃vayasvrv-shamah-vayavo'v-'el-veyt-hana'ar-haleviy-veyt-miykhah-vayishe'alv-lvo-leshalvom
KJV: And they turned thitherward, and came to the house of the young man the Levite, even unto the house of Micah, and saluted him.
AKJV: And they turned thitherward, and came to the house of the young man the Levite, even to the house of Micah, and saluted him.
ASV: And they turned aside thither, and came to the house of the young man the Levite, even unto the house of Micah, and asked him of his welfare.
YLT: And they turn aside thither, and come in unto the house of the young man the Levite, the house of Micah, and ask of him of welfare, --
Commentary Witness (Generated)Judges 18:15Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Judges 18:15
Judges 18:15 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And they turned thitherward, and came to the house of the young man the Levite, even unto the house of Micah, and saluted him.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:15
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Judges 18:15
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Levite
- Micah
Exposition: Judges 18:15 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they turned thitherward, and came to the house of the young man the Levite, even unto the house of Micah, and saluted him.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:16
Hebrew
וְשֵׁשׁ־מֵאוֹת אִישׁ חֲגוּרִים כְּלֵי מִלְחַמְתָּם נִצָּבִים פֶּתַח הַשָּׁעַר אֲשֶׁר מִבְּנֵי־דָֽן׃veshesh-me'vot-'iysh-chagvriym-kheley-milechametam-nitzaviym-fetach-hasha'ar-'asher-miveney-dan
KJV: And the six hundred men appointed with their weapons of war, which were of the children of Dan, stood by the entering of the gate.
AKJV: And the six hundred men appointed with their weapons of war, which were of the children of Dan, stood by the entering of the gate.
ASV: And the six hundred men girt with their weapons of war, who were of the children of Dan, stood by the entrance of the gate.
YLT: (and the six hundred men girded with their weapons of war, who are of the sons of Dan, are standing at the opening of the gate), --
Commentary Witness (Generated)Judges 18:16Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Judges 18:16
Judges 18:16 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And the six hundred men appointed with their weapons of war, which were of the children of Dan, stood by the entering of the gate.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:16
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Judges 18:16
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Dan
Exposition: Judges 18:16 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the six hundred men appointed with their weapons of war, which were of the children of Dan, stood by the entering of the gate.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:17
Hebrew
וֽ͏ַיַּעֲלוּ חֲמֵשֶׁת הָאֲנָשִׁים הַהֹלְכִים לְרַגֵּל אֶת־הָאָרֶץ בָּאוּ שָׁמָּה לָקְחוּ אֶת־הַפֶּסֶל וְאֶת־הָאֵפוֹד וְאֶת־הַתְּרָפִים וְאֶת־הַמַּסֵּכָה וְהַכֹּהֵן נִצָּב פֶּתַח הַשַּׁעַר וְשֵׁשׁ־מֵאוֹת הָאִישׁ הֶחָגוּר כְּלֵי הַמִּלְחָמָֽה׃vaya'alv-chameshet-ha'anashiym-haholekhiym-leragel-'et-ha'aretz-va'v-shamah-laqechv-'et-hafesel-ve'et-ha'efvod-ve'et-haterafiym-ve'et-hamasekhah-vehakhohen-nitzav-fetach-hasha'ar-veshesh-me'vot-ha'iysh-hechagvr-kheley-hamilechamah
KJV: And the five men that went to spy out the land went up, and came in thither, and took the graven image, and the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image: and the priest stood in the entering of the gate with the six hundred men that were appointed with weapons of war.
AKJV: And the five men that went to spy out the land went up, and came in thither, and took the graven image, and the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image: and the priest stood in the entering of the gate with the six hundred men that were appointed with weapons of war.
ASV: And the five men that went to spy out the land went up, and came in thither, and took the graven image, and the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image: and the priest stood by the entrance of the gate with the six hundred men girt with weapons of war.
YLT: yea, the five men, those going to traverse the land, go up--they have come in thither--they have taken the graven image, and the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image--and the priest is standing at the opening of the gate, and the six hundred men who are girded with weapons of war--
Commentary Witness (Generated)Judges 18:17Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Judges 18:17
Judges 18:17 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And the five men that went to spy out the land went up, and came in thither, and took the graven image, and the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image: and the priest stood in the entering of the gate with the six hundred men that were appointed with weapons of war.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:17
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Judges 18:17
Exposition: Judges 18:17 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the five men that went to spy out the land went up, and came in thither, and took the graven image, and the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image: and the priest stood in the entering of the gate with the...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:18
Hebrew
וְאֵלֶּה בָּאוּ בֵּית מִיכָה וַיִּקְחוּ אֶת־פֶּסֶל הָאֵפוֹד וְאֶת־הַתְּרָפִים וְאֶת־הַמַּסֵּכָה וַיֹּאמֶר אֲלֵיהֶם הַכֹּהֵן מָה אַתֶּם עֹשִֽׂים׃ve'eleh-va'v-veyt-miykhah-vayiqechv-'et-fesel-ha'efvod-ve'et-haterafiym-ve'et-hamasekhah-vayo'mer-'aleyhem-hakhohen-mah-'atem-'oshiym
KJV: And these went into Micah’s house, and fetched the carved image, the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image. Then said the priest unto them, What do ye?
AKJV: And these went into Micah’s house, and fetched the carved image, the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image. Then said the priest to them, What do you?
ASV: And when these went into Micah’s house, and fetched the graven image, the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image, the priest said unto them, What do ye?
YLT: yea, these have entered the house of Micah, and take the graven image, the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image; and the priest saith unto them, `What are ye doing?'
Commentary WitnessJudges 18:18Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Judges 18:18
Verse 18 These went unto Micah's house - The five men went in, while the six hundred armed men stood at the gate.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:18
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Judges 18:18 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And these went into Micah’s house, and fetched the carved image, the ephod, and the teraphim, and the molten image. Then said the priest unto them, What do ye?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:19
Hebrew
וַיֹּאמְרוּ לוֹ הַחֲרֵשׁ שִֽׂים־יָדְךָ עַל־פִּיךָ וְלֵךְ עִמָּנוּ וֶֽהְיֵה־לָנוּ לְאָב וּלְכֹהֵן הֲטוֹב ׀ הֱיוֹתְךָ כֹהֵן לְבֵית אִישׁ אֶחָד אוֹ הֱיוֹתְךָ כֹהֵן לְשֵׁבֶט וּלְמִשְׁפָּחָה בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃vayo'merv-lvo-hacharesh-shiym-yadekha-'al-fiykha-velekhe-'imanv-veheyeh-lanv-le'av-vlekhohen-hatvov- -heyvotekha-khohen-leveyt-'iysh-'echad-'vo-heyvotekha-khohen-leshevet-vlemishefachah-veyishera'el
KJV: And they said unto him, Hold thy peace, lay thine hand upon thy mouth, and go with us, and be to us a father and a priest: is it better for thee to be a priest unto the house of one man, or that thou be a priest unto a tribe and a family in Israel?
AKJV: And they said to him, Hold your peace, lay your hand on your mouth, and go with us, and be to us a father and a priest: is it better for you to be a priest to the house of one man, or that you be a priest to a tribe and a family in Israel?
ASV: And they said unto him, Hold thy peace, lay thy hand upon thy mouth, and go with us, and be to us a father and a priest: is it better for thee to be priest unto the house of one man, or to be priest unto a tribe and a family in Israel?
YLT: and they say to him, `Keep silent, lay thy hand on thy mouth, and go with us, and be to us for a father and for a priest: is it better thy being a priest to the house of one man, or thy being priest to a tribe and to a family in Israel?'
Commentary WitnessJudges 18:19Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Judges 18:19
Verse 19 Lay thine hand upon thy mouth - This was the token of silence. The god of silence, Harpocrates, is represented on ancient statues with his finger pressed on his lips.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:19
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Harpocrates
Exposition: Judges 18:19 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they said unto him, Hold thy peace, lay thine hand upon thy mouth, and go with us, and be to us a father and a priest: is it better for thee to be a priest unto the house of one man, or that thou be a priest unto...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:20
Hebrew
וַיִּיטַב לֵב הַכֹּהֵן וַיִּקַּח אֶת־הָאֵפוֹד וְאֶת־הַתְּרָפִים וְאֶת־הַפָּסֶל וַיָּבֹא בְּקֶרֶב הָעָֽם׃vayiytav-lev-hakhohen-vayiqach-'et-ha'efvod-ve'et-haterafiym-ve'et-hafasel-vayavo'-veqerev-ha'am
KJV: And the priest’s heart was glad, and he took the ephod, and the teraphim, and the graven image, and went in the midst of the people.
AKJV: And the priest’s heart was glad, and he took the ephod, and the teraphim, and the graven image, and went in the middle of the people.
ASV: And the priest’s heart was glad, and he took the ephod, and the teraphim, and the graven image, and went in the midst of the people.
YLT: And the heart of the priest is glad, and he taketh the ephod, and the teraphim, and the graven image, and goeth into the midst of the people,
Commentary WitnessJudges 18:20Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Judges 18:20
Verse 20 Went to the midst of the people - He was glad to be employed by the Danites; and went into the crowd, that he might not be discovered by Micah or his family.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:20
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Danites
Exposition: Judges 18:20 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the priest’s heart was glad, and he took the ephod, and the teraphim, and the graven image, and went in the midst of the people.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:21
Hebrew
וַיִּפְנוּ וַיֵּלֵכוּ וַיָּשִׂימוּ אֶת־הַטַּף וְאֶת־הַמִּקְנֶה וְאֶת־הַכְּבוּדָּה לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃vayifenv-vayelekhv-vayashiymv-'et-hataf-ve'et-hamiqeneh-ve'et-hakhevvdah-lifeneyhem
KJV: So they turned and departed, and put the little ones and the cattle and the carriage before them.
AKJV: So they turned and departed, and put the little ones and the cattle and the carriage before them. ¶
ASV: So they turned and departed, and put the little ones and the cattle and the goods before them.
YLT: and they turn and go, and put the infants, and the cattle, and the baggage, before them.
Commentary WitnessJudges 18:21Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Judges 18:21
Verse 21 The little ones and the cattle, etc. - These men were so confident of success that they removed their whole families, household goods, cattle, and all. And the carriage - כבודה kebudah, their substance, precious things, or valuables; omne quod erat pretiosum, Vulgate: or rather the luggage or baggage; what Caesar calls in his commentaries impedimenta; and what the Septuagint here translate βαρος, weight or baggage. We are not to suppose that any wheel carriage is meant.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:21
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Septuagint
- Vulgate
Exposition: Judges 18:21 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'So they turned and departed, and put the little ones and the cattle and the carriage before them.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:22
Hebrew
הֵמָּה הִרְחִיקוּ מִבֵּית מִיכָה וְהָאֲנָשִׁים אֲשֶׁר בַּבָּתִּים אֲשֶׁר עִם־בֵּית מִיכָה נִֽזְעֲקוּ וַיַּדְבִּיקוּ אֶת־בְּנֵי־דָֽן׃hemah-hirechiyqv-miveyt-miykhah-veha'anashiym-'asher-vavatiym-'asher-'im-veyt-miykhah-nize'aqv-vayadeviyqv-'et-veney-dan
KJV: And when they were a good way from the house of Micah, the men that were in the houses near to Micah’s house were gathered together, and overtook the children of Dan.
AKJV: And when they were a good way from the house of Micah, the men that were in the houses near to Micah’s house were gathered together, and overtook the children of Dan.
ASV: When they were a good way from the house of Micah, the men that were in the houses near to Micah’s house were gathered together, and overtook the children of Dan.
YLT: They have been far off from the house of Micah--and the men who are in the houses which are near the house of Micah have been called together, and overtake the sons of Dan,
Commentary Witness (Generated)Judges 18:22Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Judges 18:22
Judges 18:22 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And when they were a good way from the house of Micah, the men that were in the houses near to Micah’s house were gathered together, and overtook the children of Dan.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:22
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Judges 18:22
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Micah
- Dan
Exposition: Judges 18:22 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when they were a good way from the house of Micah, the men that were in the houses near to Micah’s house were gathered together, and overtook the children of Dan.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:23
Hebrew
וַֽיִּקְרְאוּ אֶל־בְּנֵי־דָן וַיַּסֵּבּוּ פְּנֵיהֶם וַיֹּאמְרוּ לְמִיכָה מַה־לְּךָ כִּי נִזְעָֽקְתָּ׃vayiqere'v-'el-veney-dan-vayasevv-feneyhem-vayo'merv-lemiykhah-mah-lekha-khiy-nize'aqeta
KJV: And they cried unto the children of Dan. And they turned their faces, and said unto Micah, What aileth thee, that thou comest with such a company?
AKJV: And they cried to the children of Dan. And they turned their faces, and said to Micah, What ails you, that you come with such a company?
ASV: And they cried unto the children of Dan. And they turned their faces, and said unto Micah, What aileth thee, that thou comest with such a company?
YLT: and call unto the sons of Dan, and they turn round their faces, and say to Micah, `What--to thee that thou hast been called together?'
Commentary Witness (Generated)Judges 18:23Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Judges 18:23
Judges 18:23 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And they cried unto the children of Dan. And they turned their faces, and said unto Micah, What aileth thee, that thou comest with such a company?'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:23
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Judges 18:23
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Dan
- Micah
Exposition: Judges 18:23 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they cried unto the children of Dan. And they turned their faces, and said unto Micah, What aileth thee, that thou comest with such a company?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:24
Hebrew
וַיֹּאמֶר אֶת־אֱלֹהַי אֲשֶׁר־עָשִׂיתִי לְקַחְתֶּם וְֽאֶת־הַכֹּהֵן וַתֵּלְכוּ וּמַה־לִּי עוֹד וּמַה־זֶּה תֹּאמְרוּ אֵלַי מַה־לָּֽךְ׃vayo'mer-'et-'elohay-'asher-'ashiytiy-leqachetem-ve'et-hakhohen-vatelekhv-vmah-liy-'vod-vmah-zeh-to'merv-'elay-mah-lakhe
KJV: And he said, Ye have taken away my gods which I made, and the priest, and ye are gone away: and what have I more? and what is this that ye say unto me, What aileth thee?
AKJV: And he said, You have taken away my gods which I made, and the priest, and you are gone away: and what have I more? and what is this that you say to me, What ails you?
ASV: And he said, ye have taken away my gods which I made, and the priest, and are gone away, and what have I more? and how then say ye unto me, What aileth thee?
YLT: And he saith, `My gods which I made ye have taken, and the priest, and ye go; and what to me more? and what is this ye say unto me, What--to thee!'
Commentary WitnessJudges 18:24Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Judges 18:24
Verse 24 Ye have taken away my gods - As Micah was a worshipper of the true God, as we have seen, he cannot mean any kind of idols by the word אלהי elohai here used. He undoubtedly means those representations of Divine things, and symbols of the Divine presence such as the teraphim, ephod, etc.; for they are all evidently included under the word elohai, which we translate my gods.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:24
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Judges 18:24 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he said, Ye have taken away my gods which I made, and the priest, and ye are gone away: and what have I more? and what is this that ye say unto me, What aileth thee?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:25
Hebrew
וַיֹּאמְרוּ אֵלָיו בְּנֵי־דָן אַל־תַּשְׁמַע קוֹלְךָ עִמָּנוּ פֶּֽן־יִפְגְּעוּ בָכֶם אֲנָשִׁים מָרֵי נֶפֶשׁ וְאָסַפְתָּה נַפְשְׁךָ וְנֶפֶשׁ בֵּיתֶֽךָ׃vayo'merv-'elayv-veney-dan-'al-tashema'-qvolekha-'imanv-fen-yifege'v-vakhem-'anashiym-marey-nefesh-ve'asafetah-nafeshekha-venefesh-veytekha
KJV: And the children of Dan said unto him, Let not thy voice be heard among us, lest angry fellows run upon thee, and thou lose thy life, with the lives of thy household.
AKJV: And the children of Dan said to him, Let not your voice be heard among us, lest angry fellows run on you, and you lose your life, with the lives of your household.
ASV: And the children of Dan said unto him, Let not thy voice be heard among us, lest angry fellows fall upon you, and thou lose thy life, with the lives of thy household.
YLT: And the sons of Dan say unto him, `Let not thy voice be heard with us, lest men bitter in soul fall upon you, and thou hast gathered thy life, and the life of thy household;'
Commentary WitnessJudges 18:25Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Judges 18:25
Verse 25 And thou lose thy life - This was argumentum ad hominem; he must put up with the loss of his substance, or else lose his life! It was the mere language of a modern highwayman: Your life or your money.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:25
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Judges 18:25 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the children of Dan said unto him, Let not thy voice be heard among us, lest angry fellows run upon thee, and thou lose thy life, with the lives of thy household.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:26
Hebrew
וַיֵּלְכוּ בְנֵי־דָן לְדַרְכָּם וַיַּרְא מִיכָה כִּי־חֲזָקִים הֵמָּה מִמֶּנּוּ וַיִּפֶן וַיָּשָׁב אֶל־בֵּיתֽוֹ׃vayelekhv-veney-dan-ledarekham-vayare'-miykhah-khiy-chazaqiym-hemah-mimenv-vayifen-vayashav-'el-veytvo
KJV: And the children of Dan went their way: and when Micah saw that they were too strong for him, he turned and went back unto his house.
AKJV: And the children of Dan went their way: and when Micah saw that they were too strong for him, he turned and went back to his house.
ASV: And the children of Dan went their way: and when Micah saw that they were too strong for him, he turned and went back unto his house.
YLT: and the sons of Dan go on their way, and Micah seeth that they are stronger than he, and turneth, and goeth back unto his house.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Judges 18:26Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Judges 18:26
Judges 18:26 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And the children of Dan went their way: and when Micah saw that they were too strong for him, he turned and went back unto his house.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:26
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Judges 18:26
Exposition: Judges 18:26 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the children of Dan went their way: and when Micah saw that they were too strong for him, he turned and went back unto his house.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:27
Hebrew
וְהֵמָּה לָקְחוּ אֵת אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂה מִיכָה וְֽאֶת־הַכֹּהֵן אֲשֶׁר הָיָה־לוֹ וַיָּבֹאוּ עַל־לַיִשׁ עַל־עַם שֹׁקֵט וּבֹטֵחַ וַיַּכּוּ אוֹתָם לְפִי־חָרֶב וְאֶת־הָעִיר שָׂרְפוּ בָאֵֽשׁ׃vehemah-laqechv-'et-'asher-'ashah-miykhah-ve'et-hakhohen-'asher-hayah-lvo-vayavo'v-'al-layish-'al-'am-shoqet-vvotecha-vayakhv-'votam-lefiy-charev-ve'et-ha'iyr-sharefv-va'esh
KJV: And they took the things which Micah had made, and the priest which he had, and came unto Laish, unto a people that were at quiet and secure: and they smote them with the edge of the sword, and burnt the city with fire.
AKJV: And they took the things which Micah had made, and the priest which he had, and came to Laish, to a people that were at quiet and secure: and they smote them with the edge of the sword, and burnt the city with fire.
ASV: And they took that which Micah had made, and the priest whom he had, and came unto Laish, unto a people quiet and secure, and smote them with the edge of the sword; and they burnt the city with fire.
YLT: And they have taken that which Micah had made, and the priest whom he had, and come in against Laish, against a people quiet and confident, and smite them by the mouth of the sword, and the city have burnt with fire,
Commentary WitnessJudges 18:27Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Judges 18:27
Verse 27 Unto a people - at quiet and secure - They found the report given by the spies to be correct. The people were apprehensive of no danger, and were unprepared for resistance; hence they were all put to the sword, and their city burnt up.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:27
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: Judges 18:27 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they took the things which Micah had made, and the priest which he had, and came unto Laish, unto a people that were at quiet and secure: and they smote them with the edge of the sword, and burnt the city with fire.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:28
Hebrew
וְאֵין מַצִיל כִּי רְֽחוֹקָה־הִיא מִצִּידוֹן וְדָבָר אֵין־לָהֶם עִם־אָדָם וְהִיא בָּעֵמֶק אֲשֶׁר לְבֵית־רְחוֹב וַיִּבְנוּ אֶת־הָעִיר וַיֵּשְׁבוּ בָֽהּ׃ve'eyn-matziyl-khiy-rechvoqah-hiy'-mitziydvon-vedavar-'eyn-lahem-'im-'adam-vehiy'-va'emeq-'asher-leveyt-rechvov-vayivenv-'et-ha'iyr-vayeshevv-vah
KJV: And there was no deliverer, because it was far from Zidon, and they had no business with any man; and it was in the valley that lieth by Beth–rehob. And they built a city, and dwelt therein.
AKJV: And there was no deliverer, because it was far from Zidon, and they had no business with any man; and it was in the valley that lies by Bethrehob. And they built a city, and dwelled therein.
ASV: And there was no deliverer, because it was far from Sidon, and they had no dealings with any man; and it was in the valley that lieth by Beth-rehob. And they built the city, and dwelt therein.
YLT: and there is no deliverer, for it is far off from Zidon, and they have no word with any man, and it is in the valley which is by Beth-Rehob; and they build the city, and dwell in it,
Commentary WitnessJudges 18:28Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Judges 18:28
Verse 28 There was no deliverer - They had no succor, because the Sidonians, from whom they might have expected it, were at too great a distance.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:28
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Sidonians
Exposition: Judges 18:28 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And there was no deliverer, because it was far from Zidon, and they had no business with any man; and it was in the valley that lieth by Beth–rehob. And they built a city, and dwelt therein.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:29
Hebrew
וַיִּקְרְאוּ שֵׁם־הָעִיר דָּן בְּשֵׁם דָּן אֲבִיהֶם אֲשֶׁר יוּלַּד לְיִשְׂרָאֵל וְאוּלָם לַיִשׁ שֵׁם־הָעִיר לָרִאשֹׁנָֽה׃vayiqere'v-shem-ha'iyr-dan-veshem-dan-'aviyhem-'asher-yvlad-leyishera'el-ve'vlam-layish-shem-ha'iyr-lari'shonah
KJV: And they called the name of the city Dan, after the name of Dan their father, who was born unto Israel: howbeit the name of the city was Laish at the first.
AKJV: And they called the name of the city Dan, after the name of Dan their father, who was born to Israel: however, the name of the city was Laish at the first. ¶
ASV: And they called the name of the city Dan, after the name of Dan their father, who was born unto Israel: howbeit the name of the city was Laish at the first.
YLT: and call the name of the city Dan, by the name of Dan their father, who was born to Israel; and yet Laish is the name of the city at the first.
Commentary WitnessJudges 18:29Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Judges 18:29
Verse 29 Called the name of the city Dan - This city was afterwards very remarkable as one of the extremities of the promised land. The extent of the Jewish territories was generally expressed by the phrase, From Dan to Beer-Sheba; that is, From the most northern to the southern extremity.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:29
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Sheba
Exposition: Judges 18:29 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they called the name of the city Dan, after the name of Dan their father, who was born unto Israel: howbeit the name of the city was Laish at the first.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:30
Hebrew
וַיָּקִימוּ לָהֶם בְּנֵי־דָן אֶת־הַפָּסֶל וִיהוֹנָתָן בֶּן־גֵּרְשֹׁם בֶּן־מְנַשֶּׁה הוּא וּבָנָיו הָיוּ כֹהֲנִים לְשֵׁבֶט הַדָּנִי עַד־יוֹם גְּלוֹת הָאָֽרֶץ׃vayaqiymv-lahem-veney-dan-'et-hafasel-viyhvonatan-ven-gereshom-ven-menasheh-hv'-vvanayv-hayv-khohaniym-leshevet-hadaniy-'ad-yvom-gelvot-ha'aretz
KJV: And the children of Dan set up the graven image: and Jonathan, the son of Gershom, the son of Manasseh, he and his sons were priests to the tribe of Dan until the day of the captivity of the land.
AKJV: And the children of Dan set up the graven image: and Jonathan, the son of Gershom, the son of Manasseh, he and his sons were priests to the tribe of Dan until the day of the captivity of the land.
ASV: And the children of Dan set up for themselves the graven image; and Jonathan, the son of Gershom, the son of Moses, he and his sons were priests to the tribe of the Danites until the day of the captivity of the land.
YLT: And the sons of Dan raise up for themselves the graven image, and Jonathan son of Gershom, son of Manasseh, he and his sons have been priests to the tribe of the Danite, till the day of the removal of the people of the land.
Commentary WitnessJudges 18:30Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Judges 18:30
Verse 30 The children of Dan set up the graven image - They erected a chapel, or temple, among themselves, as Micah had done before; having the same implements and the same priest. And Jonathan the son of Gershom - Either this was the name of the young Levite; or they had turned him off, and got this Jonathan in his place. The son Manasseh - Who this Manasseh was, none can tell; nor does the reading appear to be genuine. He could not be Manasseh the son of Joseph, for he had no son called Gershom nor could it be Manasseh king of Israel, for he lived eight hundred years afterwards. Instead of מנשה Manasseh, the word should be read משה Mosheh, Moses, as it is found in some MSS., in the Vulgate, and in the concessions of the most intelligent Jews. The Jews, as R. D. Kimchi acknowledges, have suspended the letter: נ nun, over the word משה, thus, נ משה which, by the addition of the points, they have changed into Manasseh, because they think it would be a great reproach to their legislator to have had a grandson who was an idolater. That Gershom the son of Moses is here intended, is very probable. See the arguments urged by Dr. Kennicott, Dissertation I., p. 55, etc.; and see the Var. Lect. of De Rossi on this place. Until the day of the captivity of the land - Calmet observes, "The posterity of this Jonathan executed the office of priest in the city of Dan, all the time that the idol of Micah (the teraphim, ephod, etc). was there. But this was only while the house of the Lord was at Shiloh; and, consequently, the sons of Jonathan were priests at Dan only till the time in which the ark was taken by the Philistines, which was the last year of Eli, the high priest; for after that the ark no more returned to Shiloh." This is evident; and on this very ground Houbigant contends that, instead of הארץ haarets, the Land, we should read הארן haaron, the Ark; for nothing is easier than the ו vau and final nun to be mistaken for the ץ final tsade, which is the only difference between the captivity of the Land and the captivity of the Ark. And this conjecture is the more likely, because the next verse tells us that Micah's graven image, etc., continued at Dan all the time that the house of God was at Shiloh; which was, till the ark was taken by the Philistines. Those who wish to see more on this subject may consult Calmet, and the writers in Pool's Synopsis. This chapter is an important supplement to the conclusion of the 19th chapter of Joshua, on which it casts considerable light. The Danites were properly the first dissenters from the public established worship of the Jews; but they seem to have departed as little as possible from the Jewish forms, their worship being conducted in the same way, but not in the same place. Surely it was better to have had this, allowing it to be unconstitutional worship, than to have been wholly destitute of the ordinances of God. I think we have not sufficient ground from the text to call these persons idolaters; I believe they worshipped the true God according to their light and circumstances, from a conviction that they could not prosper without his approbation, and that they could not expect that approbation if they did not offer to him a religious worship. They endeavored to please him, though the means they adopted were not the most proper.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:30
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Vulgate
- Jonathan
- Moses
- Levite
- Joseph
- Israel
- Manasseh
- Mosheh
- Jews
- The Jews
- Dr
- Kennicott
- Var
- Lect
- Dan
- Shiloh
- Philistines
- Eli
- Land
- Ark
- Calmet
- Synopsis
- Joshua
Exposition: Judges 18:30 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the children of Dan set up the graven image: and Jonathan, the son of Gershom, the son of Manasseh, he and his sons were priests to the tribe of Dan until the day of the captivity of the land.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Judges 18:31
Hebrew
וַיָּשִׂימוּ לָהֶם אֶת־פֶּסֶל מִיכָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה כָּל־יְמֵי הֱיוֹת בֵּית־הָאֱלֹהִים בְּשִׁלֹֽה׃vayashiymv-lahem-'et-fesel-miykhah-'asher-'ashah-khal-yemey-heyvot-veyt-ha'elohiym-veshiloh
KJV: And they set them up Micah’s graven image, which he made, all the time that the house of God was in Shiloh.
AKJV: And they set them up Micah’s graven image, which he made, all the time that the house of God was in Shiloh.
ASV: So they set them up Micah’s graven image which he made, all the time that the house of God was in Shiloh.
YLT: And they appoint for them the graven image of Micah, which he had made, all the days of the house of God being in Shiloh.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Judges 18:31Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Judges 18:31
Judges 18:31 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And they set them up Micah’s graven image, which he made, all the time that the house of God was in Shiloh.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:31
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Judges 18:31
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Shiloh
Exposition: Judges 18:31 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they set them up Micah’s graven image, which he made, all the time that the house of God was in Shiloh.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Citation trailOpen the commentary counts, references, and named sources.
Scholarly apparatus
Commentary citation index
This chapter now surfaces commentary as quoted witness material with an explicit citation trail. The index below gathers the canonical references and named authorities detected inside the commentary layer for faster academic review.
Direct commentary witnesses
19
Generated editorial witnesses
12
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Canonical references surfaced in commentary
- Judges 18:1
- Judges 18:2
- Judges 18:3
- Judges 18:4
- Judges 18:5
- Judges 18:6
- Judges 18:7
- Judges 18:8
- Judges 18:9
- Judges 18:10
- Judges 18:11
- Judges 18:12
- Judges 18:13
- Judges 18:14
- Judges 18:15
- Judges 18:16
- Judges 18:17
- Judges 18:18
- Judges 18:19
- Judges 18:20
- Judges 18:21
- Judges 18:22
- Judges 18:23
- Judges 18:24
- Judges 18:25
- Judges 18:26
- Judges 18:27
- Judges 18:28
- Judges 18:29
- Judges 18:30
- Judges 18:31
Named authorities or texts surfaced in commentary
- Ovid
- Some Danites
- Micah
- Levite
- Laish
- Dan
- Israel
- Leshem
- Joshua
- Ephraimite
- Septuagint
- Sidonians
- Being
- Sidon
- Syria
- Man
- Codex Alexandrinus
- Complutensian Polyglot
- Spanish Polyglot
- Aldus
- Syrians
- Eshtaol
- Arise
- Samson
- Ephraim
- Harpocrates
- Danites
- Vulgate
- Sheba
- Jonathan
- Moses
- Joseph
- Manasseh
- Mosheh
- Jews
- The Jews
- Dr
- Kennicott
- Var
- Lect
- Shiloh
- Philistines
- Eli
- Land
- Ark
- Calmet
- Synopsis
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The public reader has book-by-book chapter entry points across the 66-book canon. Deeper corpus and provenance details stay on the supporting Bible Data shelves.
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Commentary Witness
Judges 18:1
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Judges 18:1
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness