Apologetics Bible

Luke 1:1

Greek

Ἐπειδήπερ πολλοὶ ἐπεχείρησαν ἀνατάξασθαι διήγησιν περὶ τῶν πεπληροφορημένων ἐν ἡμῖν πραγμάτων,

Epeideper polloi epecheiresan anataxasthai diegesin peri ton peplerophoremenon en emin pragmaton,

KJV: Forasmuch as many have taken in hand to set forth in order a declaration of those things which are most surely believed among us,

AKJV: For as much as many have taken in hand to set forth in order a declaration of those things which are most surely believed among us,

ASV: Forasmuch as many have taken in hand to draw up a narrative concerning those matters which have been fulfilled among us,

YLT: Seeing that many did take in hand to set in order a narration of the matters that have been fully assured among us,

Exposition: Luke 1:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Forasmuch as many have taken in hand to set forth in order a declaration of those things which are most surely believed among us,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:2

Greek

καθὼς παρέδοσαν ἡμῖν οἱ ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς αὐτόπται καὶ ὑπηρέται γενόμενοι τοῦ λόγου,

kathos paredosan emin oi ap arches aytoptai kai yperetai genomenoi toy logoy,

KJV: Even as they delivered them unto us, which from the beginning were eyewitnesses, and ministers of the word;

AKJV: Even as they delivered them to us, which from the beginning were eyewitnesses, and ministers of the word;

ASV: even as they delivered them unto us, who from the beginning were eyewitnesses and ministers of the word,

YLT: as they did deliver to us, who from the beginning became eye-witnesses, and officers of the Word, --

Exposition: Luke 1:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Even as they delivered them unto us, which from the beginning were eyewitnesses, and ministers of the word;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:3

Greek

ἔδοξε κἀμοὶ παρηκολουθηκότι ἄνωθεν πᾶσιν ἀκριβῶς καθεξῆς σοι γράψαι, κράτιστε Θεόφιλε,

edoxe kamoi parekoloythekoti anothen pasin akribos kathexes soi grapsai, kratiste Theophile,

KJV: It seemed good to me also, having had perfect understanding of all things from the very first, to write unto thee in order, most excellent Theophilus,

AKJV: It seemed good to me also, having had perfect understanding of all things from the very first, to write to you in order, most excellent Theophilus,

ASV: it seemed good to me also, having traced the course of all things accurately from the first, to write unto thee in order, most excellent Theophilus;

YLT: it seemed good also to me, having followed from the first after all things exactly, to write to thee in order, most noble Theophilus,

Exposition: Luke 1:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'It seemed good to me also, having had perfect understanding of all things from the very first, to write unto thee in order, most excellent Theophilus,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:4

Greek

ἵνα ἐπιγνῷς περὶ ὧν κατηχήθης λόγων τὴν ἀσφάλειαν.

ina epignos peri on katechethes logon ten asphaleian.

KJV: That thou mightest know the certainty of those things, wherein thou hast been instructed.

AKJV: That you might know the certainty of those things, wherein you have been instructed. ¶

ASV: that thou mightest know the certainty concerning the things wherein thou wast instructed.

YLT: that thou mayest know the certainty of the things wherein thou wast instructed.

Exposition: Luke 1:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'That thou mightest know the certainty of those things, wherein thou hast been instructed.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:5

Greek

Ἐγένετο ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ⸀Ἡρῴδου βασιλέως τῆς Ἰουδαίας ἱερεύς τις ὀνόματι Ζαχαρίας ἐξ ἐφημερίας Ἀβιά, ⸀καὶ γυνὴ ⸀αὐτῷ ἐκ τῶν θυγατέρων Ἀαρών, καὶ τὸ ὄνομα αὐτῆς Ἐλισάβετ.

Egeneto en tais emerais Erodoy basileos tes Ioydaias iereys tis onomati Zacharias ex ephemerias Abia, kai gyne ayto ek ton thygateron Aaron, kai to onoma aytes Elisabet.

KJV: There was in the days of Herod, the king of Judea, a certain priest named Zacharias, of the course of Abia: and his wife was of the daughters of Aaron, and her name was Elisabeth.

AKJV: THERE was in the days of Herod, the king of Judaea, a certain priest named Zacharias, of the course of Abia: and his wife was of the daughters of Aaron, and her name was Elisabeth.

ASV: There was in the days of Herod, king of Judæa, a certain priest named Zacharias, of the course of Abijah: and he had a wife of the daughters of Aaron, and her name was Elisabeth.

YLT: There was in the days of Herod, the king of Judea, a certain priest, by name Zacharias, of the course of Abijah, and his wife of the daughters of Aaron, and her name Elisabeth;

Exposition: Luke 1:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'There was in the days of Herod, the king of Judea, a certain priest named Zacharias, of the course of Abia: and his wife was of the daughters of Aaron, and her name was Elisabeth.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:6

Greek

ἦσαν δὲ δίκαιοι ἀμφότεροι ⸀ἐναντίον τοῦ θεοῦ, πορευόμενοι ἐν πάσαις ταῖς ἐντολαῖς καὶ δικαιώμασιν τοῦ κυρίου ἄμεμπτοι.

esan de dikaioi amphoteroi enantion toy theoy, poreyomenoi en pasais tais entolais kai dikaiomasin toy kyrioy amemptoi.

KJV: And they were both righteous before God, walking in all the commandments and ordinances of the Lord blameless.

AKJV: And they were both righteous before God, walking in all the commandments and ordinances of the Lord blameless.

ASV: And they were both righteous before God, walking in all the commandments and ordinances of the Lord blameless.

YLT: and they were both righteous before God, going on in all the commands and righteousnesses of the Lord blameless,

Exposition: Luke 1:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they were both righteous before God, walking in all the commandments and ordinances of the Lord blameless.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:7

Greek

καὶ οὐκ ἦν αὐτοῖς τέκνον, καθότι ⸂ἦν ἡ Ἐλισάβετ⸃ στεῖρα, καὶ ἀμφότεροι προβεβηκότες ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις αὐτῶν ἦσαν.

kai oyk en aytois teknon, kathoti en e Elisabet steira, kai amphoteroi probebekotes en tais emerais ayton esan.

KJV: And they had no child, because that Elisabeth was barren, and they both were now well stricken in years.

AKJV: And they had no child, because that Elisabeth was barren, and they both were now well stricken in years.

ASV: And they had no child, because that Elisabeth was barren, and they both were now well stricken in years.

YLT: and they had no child, because that Elisabeth was barren, and both were advanced in their days.

Exposition: Luke 1:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they had no child, because that Elisabeth was barren, and they both were now well stricken in years.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:8

Greek

Ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν τῷ ἱερατεύειν αὐτὸν ἐν τῇ τάξει τῆς ἐφημερίας αὐτοῦ ἔναντι τοῦ θεοῦ

Egeneto de en to ierateyein ayton en te taxei tes ephemerias aytoy enanti toy theoy

KJV: And it came to pass, that while he executed the priest’s office before God in the order of his course,

AKJV: And it came to pass, that while he executed the priest’s office before God in the order of his course,

ASV: Now it came to pass, while he executed the priest’s office before God in the order of his course,

YLT: And it came to pass, in his acting as priest, in the order of his course before God,

Exposition: Luke 1:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And it came to pass, that while he executed the priest’s office before God in the order of his course,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:9

Greek

κατὰ τὸ ἔθος τῆς ἱερατείας ἔλαχε τοῦ θυμιᾶσαι εἰσελθὼν εἰς τὸν ναὸν τοῦ κυρίου,

kata to ethos tes ierateias elache toy thymiasai eiselthon eis ton naon toy kyrioy,

KJV: According to the custom of the priest’s office, his lot was to burn incense when he went into the temple of the Lord.

AKJV: According to the custom of the priest’s office, his lot was to burn incense when he went into the temple of the Lord.

ASV: according to the custom of the priest’s office, his lot was to enter into the temple of the Lord and burn incense.

YLT: according to the custom of the priesthood, his lot was to make perfume, having gone into the sanctuary of the Lord,

Exposition: Luke 1:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'According to the custom of the priest’s office, his lot was to burn incense when he went into the temple of the Lord.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:10

Greek

καὶ πᾶν τὸ πλῆθος ἦν τοῦ λαοῦ προσευχόμενον ἔξω τῇ ὥρᾳ τοῦ θυμιάματος·

kai pan to plethos en toy laoy proseychomenon exo te ora toy thymiamatos·

KJV: And the whole multitude of the people were praying without at the time of incense.

AKJV: And the whole multitude of the people were praying without at the time of incense.

ASV: And the whole multitude of the people were praying without at the hour of incense.

YLT: and all the multitude of the people were praying without, at the hour of the perfume.

Exposition: Luke 1:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the whole multitude of the people were praying without at the time of incense.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:11

Greek

ὤφθη δὲ αὐτῷ ἄγγελος κυρίου ἑστὼς ἐκ δεξιῶν τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου τοῦ θυμιάματος.

ophthe de ayto aggelos kyrioy estos ek dexion toy thysiasterioy toy thymiamatos.

KJV: And there appeared unto him an angel of the Lord standing on the right side of the altar of incense.

AKJV: And there appeared to him an angel of the Lord standing on the right side of the altar of incense.

ASV: And there appeared unto him an angel of the Lord standing on the right side of the altar of incense.

YLT: And there appeared to him a messenger of the Lord standing on the right side of the altar of the perfume,

Exposition: Luke 1:11 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And there appeared unto him an angel of the Lord standing on the right side of the altar of incense.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:12

Greek

καὶ ἐταράχθη Ζαχαρίας ἰδών, καὶ φόβος ἐπέπεσεν ἐπʼ αὐτόν.

kai etarachthe Zacharias idon, kai phobos epepesen ep ayton.

KJV: And when Zacharias saw him, he was troubled, and fear fell upon him.

AKJV: And when Zacharias saw him, he was troubled, and fear fell on him.

ASV: And Zacharias was troubled when he saw him, and fear fell upon him.

YLT: and Zacharias, having seen, was troubled, and fear fell on him;

Exposition: Luke 1:12 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when Zacharias saw him, he was troubled, and fear fell upon him.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:13

Greek

εἶπεν δὲ πρὸς αὐτὸν ὁ ἄγγελος· Μὴ φοβοῦ, Ζαχαρία, διότι εἰσηκούσθη ἡ δέησίς σου, καὶ ἡ γυνή σου Ἐλισάβετ γεννήσει υἱόν σοι, καὶ καλέσεις τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Ἰωάννην·

eipen de pros ayton o aggelos· Me phoboy, Zacharia, dioti eisekoysthe e deesis soy, kai e gyne soy Elisabet gennesei yion soi, kai kaleseis to onoma aytoy Ioannen·

KJV: But the angel said unto him, Fear not, Zacharias: for thy prayer is heard; and thy wife Elisabeth shall bear thee a son, and thou shalt call his name John.

AKJV: But the angel said to him, Fear not, Zacharias: for your prayer is heard; and your wife Elisabeth shall bear you a son, and you shall call his name John.

ASV: But the angel said unto him, Fear not, Zacharias: because thy supplication is heard, and thy wife Elisabeth shall bear thee a son, and thou shalt call his name John.

YLT: and the messenger said unto him, `Fear not, Zacharias, for thy supplication was heard, and thy wife Elisabeth shall bear a son to thee, and thou shalt call his name John,

Exposition: Luke 1:13 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But the angel said unto him, Fear not, Zacharias: for thy prayer is heard; and thy wife Elisabeth shall bear thee a son, and thou shalt call his name John.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:14

Greek

καὶ ἔσται χαρά σοι καὶ ἀγαλλίασις, καὶ πολλοὶ ἐπὶ τῇ ⸀γενέσει αὐτοῦ χαρήσονται·

kai estai chara soi kai agalliasis, kai polloi epi te genesei aytoy charesontai·

KJV: And thou shalt have joy and gladness; and many shall rejoice at his birth.

AKJV: And you shall have joy and gladness; and many shall rejoice at his birth.

ASV: And thou shalt have joy and gladness; and many shall rejoice at his birth.

YLT: and there shall be joy to thee, and gladness, and many at his birth shall joy,

Exposition: Luke 1:14 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And thou shalt have joy and gladness; and many shall rejoice at his birth.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:15

Greek

ἔσται γὰρ μέγας ἐνώπιον ⸀τοῦ κυρίου, καὶ οἶνον καὶ σίκερα οὐ μὴ πίῃ, καὶ πνεύματος ἁγίου πλησθήσεται ἔτι ἐκ κοιλίας μητρὸς αὐτοῦ,

estai gar megas enopion toy kyrioy, kai oinon kai sikera oy me pie, kai pneymatos agioy plesthesetai eti ek koilias metros aytoy,

KJV: For he shall be great in the sight of the Lord, and shall drink neither wine nor strong drink; and he shall be filled with the Holy Ghost, even from his mother’s womb.

AKJV: For he shall be great in the sight of the Lord, and shall drink neither wine nor strong drink; and he shall be filled with the Holy Ghost, even from his mother’s womb.

ASV: For he shall be great in the sight of the Lord, and he shall drink no wine nor strong drink; and he shall be filled with the Holy Spirit, even from his mother’s womb.

YLT: for he shall be great before the Lord, and wine and strong drink he may not drink, and of the Holy Spirit he shall be full, even from his mother's womb;

Exposition: Luke 1:15 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For he shall be great in the sight of the Lord, and shall drink neither wine nor strong drink; and he shall be filled with the Holy Ghost, even from his mother’s womb.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:16

Greek

καὶ πολλοὺς τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ ἐπιστρέψει ἐπὶ κύριον τὸν θεὸν αὐτῶν·

kai polloys ton yion Israel epistrepsei epi kyrion ton theon ayton·

KJV: And many of the children of Israel shall he turn to the Lord their God.

AKJV: And many of the children of Israel shall he turn to the Lord their God.

ASV: And many of the children of Israel shall he turn unto the Lord their God.

YLT: and many of the sons of Israel he shall turn to the Lord their God,

Exposition: Luke 1:16 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And many of the children of Israel shall he turn to the Lord their God.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:17

Greek

καὶ αὐτὸς προελεύσεται ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ ἐν πνεύματι καὶ δυνάμει Ἠλίου, ἐπιστρέψαι καρδίας πατέρων ἐπὶ τέκνα καὶ ἀπειθεῖς ἐν φρονήσει δικαίων, ἑτοιμάσαι κυρίῳ λαὸν κατεσκευασμένον.

kai aytos proeleysetai enopion aytoy en pneymati kai dynamei Elioy, epistrepsai kardias pateron epi tekna kai apeitheis en phronesei dikaion, etoimasai kyrio laon kateskeyasmenon.

KJV: And he shall go before him in the spirit and power of Elias, to turn the hearts of the fathers to the children, and the disobedient to the wisdom of the just; to make ready a people prepared for the Lord.

AKJV: And he shall go before him in the spirit and power of Elias, to turn the hearts of the fathers to the children, and the disobedient to the wisdom of the just; to make ready a people prepared for the Lord.

ASV: And he shall go before his face in the spirit and power of Elijah, to turn the hearts of the fathers to the children, and the disobedient to walk in the wisdom of the just; to make ready for the Lord a people prepared for him.

YLT: and he shall go before Him, in the spirit and power of Elijah, to turn hearts of fathers unto children, and disobedient ones to the wisdom of righteous ones, to make ready for the Lord, a people prepared.'

Exposition: Luke 1:17 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he shall go before him in the spirit and power of Elias, to turn the hearts of the fathers to the children, and the disobedient to the wisdom of the just; to make ready a people prepared for the Lord.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:18

Greek

καὶ εἶπεν Ζαχαρίας πρὸς τὸν ἄγγελον· Κατὰ τί γνώσομαι τοῦτο; ἐγὼ γάρ εἰμι πρεσβύτης καὶ ἡ γυνή μου προβεβηκυῖα ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις αὐτῆς.

kai eipen Zacharias pros ton aggelon· Kata ti gnosomai toyto; ego gar eimi presbytes kai e gyne moy probebekyia en tais emerais aytes.

KJV: And Zacharias said unto the angel, Whereby shall I know this? for I am an old man, and my wife well stricken in years.

AKJV: And Zacharias said to the angel, Whereby shall I know this? for I am an old man, and my wife well stricken in years.

ASV: And Zacharias said unto the angel, Whereby shall I know this? for I am an old man, and my wife well stricken in years.

YLT: And Zacharias said unto the messenger, `Whereby shall I know this? for I am aged, and my wife is advanced in her days?'

Exposition: Luke 1:18 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Zacharias said unto the angel, Whereby shall I know this? for I am an old man, and my wife well stricken in years.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:19

Greek

καὶ ἀποκριθεὶς ὁ ἄγγελος εἶπεν αὐτῷ· Ἐγώ εἰμι Γαβριὴλ ὁ παρεστηκὼς ἐνώπιον τοῦ θεοῦ, καὶ ἀπεστάλην λαλῆσαι πρὸς σὲ καὶ εὐαγγελίσασθαί σοι ταῦτα·

kai apokritheis o aggelos eipen ayto· Ego eimi Gabriel o parestekos enopion toy theoy, kai apestalen lalesai pros se kai eyaggelisasthai soi tayta·

KJV: And the angel answering said unto him, I am Gabriel, that stand in the presence of God; and am sent to speak unto thee, and to shew thee these glad tidings.

AKJV: And the angel answering said to him, I am Gabriel, that stand in the presence of God; and am sent to speak to you, and to show you these glad tidings.

ASV: And the angel answering said unto him, I am Gabriel, that stand in the presence of God; and I was sent to speak unto thee, and to bring thee these good tidings.

YLT: And the messenger answering said to him, `I am Gabriel, who have been standing near before God, and I was sent to speak unto thee, and to proclaim these good news to thee,

Exposition: Luke 1:19 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the angel answering said unto him, I am Gabriel, that stand in the presence of God; and am sent to speak unto thee, and to shew thee these glad tidings.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:20

Greek

καὶ ἰδοὺ ἔσῃ σιωπῶν καὶ μὴ δυνάμενος λαλῆσαι ἄχρι ἧς ἡμέρας γένηται ταῦτα, ἀνθʼ ὧν οὐκ ἐπίστευσας τοῖς λόγοις μου, οἵτινες πληρωθήσονται εἰς τὸν καιρὸν αὐτῶν.

kai idoy ese siopon kai me dynamenos lalesai achri es emeras genetai tayta, anth on oyk episteysas tois logois moy, oitines plerothesontai eis ton kairon ayton.

KJV: And, behold, thou shalt be dumb, and not able to speak, until the day that these things shall be performed, because thou believest not my words, which shall be fulfilled in their season.

AKJV: And, behold, you shall be dumb, and not able to speak, until the day that these things shall be performed, because you believe not my words, which shall be fulfilled in their season.

ASV: And behold, thou shalt be silent and not able to speak, until the day that these things shall come to pass, because thou believedst not my words, which shall be fulfilled in their season.

YLT: and lo, thou shalt be silent, and not able to speak, till the day that these things shall come to pass, because thou didst not believe my words, that shall be fulfilled in their season.'

Exposition: Luke 1:20 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And, behold, thou shalt be dumb, and not able to speak, until the day that these things shall be performed, because thou believest not my words, which shall be fulfilled in their season.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:21

Greek

Καὶ ἦν ὁ λαὸς προσδοκῶν τὸν Ζαχαρίαν, καὶ ἐθαύμαζον ἐν τῷ χρονίζειν ⸂ἐν τῷ ναῷ αὐτόν⸃.

Kai en o laos prosdokon ton Zacharian, kai ethaymazon en to chronizein en to nao ayton.

KJV: And the people waited for Zacharias, and marvelled that he tarried so long in the temple.

AKJV: And the people waited for Zacharias, and marveled that he tarried so long in the temple.

ASV: And the people were waiting for Zacharias, and they marvelled while he tarried in the temple.

YLT: And the people were waiting for Zacharias, and wondering at his tarrying in the sanctuary,

Exposition: Luke 1:21 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the people waited for Zacharias, and marvelled that he tarried so long in the temple.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:22

Greek

ἐξελθὼν δὲ οὐκ ⸀ἐδύνατο λαλῆσαι αὐτοῖς, καὶ ἐπέγνωσαν ὅτι ὀπτασίαν ἑώρακεν ἐν τῷ ναῷ· καὶ αὐτὸς ἦν διανεύων αὐτοῖς, καὶ διέμενεν κωφός.

exelthon de oyk edynato lalesai aytois, kai epegnosan oti optasian eoraken en to nao· kai aytos en dianeyon aytois, kai diemenen kophos.

KJV: And when he came out, he could not speak unto them: and they perceived that he had seen a vision in the temple: for he beckoned unto them, and remained speechless.

AKJV: And when he came out, he could not speak to them: and they perceived that he had seen a vision in the temple: for he beckoned to them, and remained speechless.

ASV: And when he came out, he could not speak unto them: and they perceived that he had seen a vision in the temple: and he continued making signs unto them, and remained dumb.

YLT: and having come out, he was not able to speak to them, and they perceived that a vision he had seen in the sanctuary, and he was beckoning to them, and did remain dumb.

Exposition: Luke 1:22 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when he came out, he could not speak unto them: and they perceived that he had seen a vision in the temple: for he beckoned unto them, and remained speechless.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:23

Greek

καὶ ἐγένετο ὡς ἐπλήσθησαν αἱ ἡμέραι τῆς λειτουργίας αὐτοῦ, ἀπῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτοῦ.

kai egeneto os eplesthesan ai emerai tes leitoyrgias aytoy, apelthen eis ton oikon aytoy.

KJV: And it came to pass, that, as soon as the days of his ministration were accomplished, he departed to his own house.

AKJV: And it came to pass, that, as soon as the days of his ministration were accomplished, he departed to his own house.

ASV: And it came to pass, when the days of his ministration were fulfilled, he departed unto his house.

YLT: And it came to pass, when the days of his service were fulfilled, he went away to his house,

Exposition: Luke 1:23 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And it came to pass, that, as soon as the days of his ministration were accomplished, he departed to his own house.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:24

Greek

Μετὰ δὲ ταύτας τὰς ἡμέρας συνέλαβεν Ἐλισάβετ ἡ γυνὴ αὐτοῦ· καὶ περιέκρυβεν ἑαυτὴν μῆνας πέντε, λέγουσα

Meta de taytas tas emeras synelaben Elisabet e gyne aytoy· kai periekryben eayten menas pente, legoysa

KJV: And after those days his wife Elisabeth conceived, and hid herself five months, saying,

AKJV: And after those days his wife Elisabeth conceived, and hid herself five months, saying,

ASV: And after these days Elisabeth his wife conceived; and she hid herself five months, saying,

YLT: and after those days, his wife Elisabeth conceived, and hid herself five months, saying--

Exposition: Luke 1:24 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And after those days his wife Elisabeth conceived, and hid herself five months, saying,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:25

Greek

ὅτι Οὕτως μοι ⸀πεποίηκεν κύριος ἐν ἡμέραις αἷς ἐπεῖδεν ⸀ἀφελεῖν ὄνειδός μου ἐν ἀνθρώποις.

oti Oytos moi pepoieken kyrios en emerais ais epeiden aphelein oneidos moy en anthropois.

KJV: Thus hath the Lord dealt with me in the days wherein he looked on me, to take away my reproach among men.

AKJV: Thus has the Lord dealt with me in the days wherein he looked on me, to take away my reproach among men.

ASV: Thus hath the Lord done unto me in the days wherein he looked upon me, to take away my reproach among men.

YLT: `Thus hath the Lord done to me, in days in which He looked upon me , to take away my reproach among men.'

Exposition: Luke 1:25 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Thus hath the Lord dealt with me in the days wherein he looked on me, to take away my reproach among men.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:26

Greek

Ἐν δὲ τῷ μηνὶ τῷ ἕκτῳ ἀπεστάλη ὁ ἄγγελος Γαβριὴλ ⸀ἀπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ εἰς πόλιν τῆς Γαλιλαίας ᾗ ὄνομα Ναζαρὲθ

En de to meni to ekto apestale o aggelos Gabriel apo toy theoy eis polin tes Galilaias e onoma Nazareth

KJV: And in the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from God unto a city of Galilee, named Nazareth,

AKJV: And in the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from God to a city of Galilee, named Nazareth,

ASV: Now in the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from God unto a city of Galilee, named Nazareth,

YLT: And in the sixth month was the messenger Gabriel sent by God, to a city of Galilee, the name of which is Nazareth,

Exposition: Luke 1:26 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And in the sixth month the angel Gabriel was sent from God unto a city of Galilee, named Nazareth,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:27

Greek

πρὸς παρθένον ⸀ἐμνηστευμένην ἀνδρὶ ᾧ ὄνομα Ἰωσὴφ ἐξ οἴκου Δαυὶδ, καὶ τὸ ὄνομα τῆς παρθένου Μαριάμ.

pros parthenon emnesteymenen andri o onoma Ioseph ex oikoy Dayid, kai to onoma tes parthenoy Mariam.

KJV: To a virgin espoused to a man whose name was Joseph, of the house of David; and the virgin’s name was Mary.

AKJV: To a virgin espoused to a man whose name was Joseph, of the house of David; and the virgin’s name was Mary.

ASV: to a virgin betrothed to a man whose name was Joseph, of the house of David; and the virgin’s name was Mary.

YLT: to a virgin, betrothed to a man, whose name is Joseph, of the house of David, and the name of the virgin is Mary.

Exposition: Luke 1:27 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'To a virgin espoused to a man whose name was Joseph, of the house of David; and the virgin’s name was Mary.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:28

Greek

καὶ ⸀εἰσελθὼν πρὸς αὐτὴν εἶπεν· Χαῖρε, κεχαριτωμένη, ὁ κύριος μετὰ ⸀σοῦ.

kai eiselthon pros ayten eipen· Chaire, kecharitomene, o kyrios meta soy.

KJV: And the angel came in unto her, and said, Hail, thou that art highly favoured, the Lord is with thee: blessed art thou among women.

AKJV: And the angel came in to her, and said, Hail, you that are highly favored, the Lord is with you: blessed are you among women.

ASV: And he came in unto her, and said, Hail, thou that art highly favored, the Lord is with thee.

YLT: And the messenger having come in unto her, said, `Hail, favoured one, the Lord is with thee; blessed art thou among women;'

Exposition: Luke 1:28 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the angel came in unto her, and said, Hail, thou that art highly favoured, the Lord is with thee: blessed art thou among women.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:29

Greek

ἡ δὲ ⸂ἐπὶ τῷ λόγῳ διεταράχθη⸃ καὶ διελογίζετο ποταπὸς εἴη ὁ ἀσπασμὸς οὗτος.

e de epi to logo dietarachthe kai dielogizeto potapos eie o aspasmos oytos.

KJV: And when she saw him, she was troubled at his saying, and cast in her mind what manner of salutation this should be.

AKJV: And when she saw him, she was troubled at his saying, and cast in her mind what manner of salutation this should be.

ASV: But she was greatly troubled at the saying, and cast in her mind what manner of salutation this might be.

YLT: and she, having seen, was troubled at his word, and was reasoning of what kind this salutation may be.

Exposition: Luke 1:29 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when she saw him, she was troubled at his saying, and cast in her mind what manner of salutation this should be.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:30

Greek

καὶ εἶπεν ὁ ἄγγελος αὐτῇ· Μὴ φοβοῦ, Μαριάμ, εὗρες γὰρ χάριν παρὰ τῷ θεῷ·

kai eipen o aggelos ayte· Me phoboy, Mariam, eyres gar charin para to theo·

KJV: And the angel said unto her, Fear not, Mary: for thou hast found favour with God.

AKJV: And the angel said to her, Fear not, Mary: for you have found favor with God.

ASV: And the angel said unto her, Fear not, Mary: for thou hast found favor with God.

YLT: And the messenger said to her, `Fear not, Mary, for thou hast found favour with God;

Exposition: Luke 1:30 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the angel said unto her, Fear not, Mary: for thou hast found favour with God.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:31

Greek

καὶ ἰδοὺ συλλήμψῃ ἐν γαστρὶ καὶ τέξῃ υἱόν, καὶ καλέσεις τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Ἰησοῦν.

kai idoy syllempse en gastri kai texe yion, kai kaleseis to onoma aytoy Iesoyn.

KJV: And, behold, thou shalt conceive in thy womb, and bring forth a son, and shalt call his name JESUS.

AKJV: And, behold, you shall conceive in your womb, and bring forth a son, and shall call his name JESUS.

ASV: And behold, thou shalt conceive in thy womb, and bring forth a son, and shalt call his name JESUS.

YLT: and lo, thou shalt conceive in the womb, and shalt bring forth a son, and call his name Jesus;

Exposition: Luke 1:31 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And, behold, thou shalt conceive in thy womb, and bring forth a son, and shalt call his name JESUS.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:32

Greek

οὗτος ἔσται μέγας καὶ υἱὸς Ὑψίστου κληθήσεται, καὶ δώσει αὐτῷ κύριος ὁ θεὸς τὸν θρόνον Δαυὶδ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ,

oytos estai megas kai yios Ypsistoy klethesetai, kai dosei ayto kyrios o theos ton thronon Dayid toy patros aytoy,

KJV: He shall be great, and shall be called the Son of the Highest: and the Lord God shall give unto him the throne of his father David:

AKJV: He shall be great, and shall be called the Son of the Highest: and the Lord God shall give to him the throne of his father David:

ASV: He shall be great, and shall be called the Son of the Most High: and the Lord God shall give unto him the throne of his father David:

YLT: he shall be great, and Son of the Highest he shall be called, and the Lord God shall give him the throne of David his father,

Exposition: Luke 1:32 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'He shall be great, and shall be called the Son of the Highest: and the Lord God shall give unto him the throne of his father David:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:33

Greek

καὶ βασιλεύσει ἐπὶ τὸν οἶκον Ἰακὼβ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας, καὶ τῆς βασιλείας αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἔσται τέλος.

kai basileysei epi ton oikon Iakob eis toys aionas, kai tes basileias aytoy oyk estai telos.

KJV: And he shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever; and of his kingdom there shall be no end.

AKJV: And he shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever; and of his kingdom there shall be no end.

ASV: and he shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever; and of his kingdom there shall be no end.

YLT: and he shall reign over the house of Jacob to the ages; and of his reign there shall be no end.'

Exposition: Luke 1:33 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever; and of his kingdom there shall be no end.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:34

Greek

εἶπεν δὲ Μαριὰμ πρὸς τὸν ἄγγελον· Πῶς ἔσται τοῦτο, ἐπεὶ ἄνδρα οὐ γινώσκω;

eipen de Mariam pros ton aggelon· Pos estai toyto, epei andra oy ginosko;

KJV: Then said Mary unto the angel, How shall this be, seeing I know not a man?

AKJV: Then said Mary to the angel, How shall this be, seeing I know not a man?

ASV: And Mary said unto the angel, How shall this be, seeing I know not a man?

YLT: And Mary said unto the messenger, `How shall this be, seeing a husband I do not know?'

Exposition: Luke 1:34 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then said Mary unto the angel, How shall this be, seeing I know not a man?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:35

Greek

καὶ ἀποκριθεὶς ὁ ἄγγελος εἶπεν αὐτῇ· Πνεῦμα ἅγιον ἐπελεύσεται ἐπὶ σέ, καὶ δύναμις Ὑψίστου ἐπισκιάσει σοι· διὸ καὶ τὸ γεννώμενον ἅγιον κληθήσεται, υἱὸς θεοῦ·

kai apokritheis o aggelos eipen ayte· Pneyma agion epeleysetai epi se, kai dynamis Ypsistoy episkiasei soi· dio kai to gennomenon agion klethesetai, yios theoy·

KJV: And the angel answered and said unto her, The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee: therefore also that holy thing which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God.

AKJV: And the angel answered and said to her, The Holy Ghost shall come on you, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow you: therefore also that holy thing which shall be born of you shall be called the Son of God.

ASV: And the angel answered and said unto her, The Holy Spirit shall come upon thee, and the power of the Most High shall overshadow thee: wherefore also the holy thing which is begotten shall be called the Son of God.

YLT: And the messenger answering said to her, `The Holy Spirit shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee, therefore also the holy-begotten thing shall be called Son of God;

Exposition: Luke 1:35 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the angel answered and said unto her, The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee: therefore also that holy thing which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:36

Greek

καὶ ἰδοὺ Ἐλισάβετ ἡ ⸀συγγενίς σου καὶ αὐτὴ ⸀συνείληφεν υἱὸν ἐν γήρει αὐτῆς, καὶ οὗτος μὴν ἕκτος ἐστὶν αὐτῇ τῇ καλουμένῃ στείρᾳ·

kai idoy Elisabet e syggenis soy kai ayte syneilephen yion en gerei aytes, kai oytos men ektos estin ayte te kaloymene steira·

KJV: And, behold, thy cousin Elisabeth, she hath also conceived a son in her old age: and this is the sixth month with her, who was called barren.

AKJV: And, behold, your cousin Elisabeth, she has also conceived a son in her old age: and this is the sixth month with her, who was called barren.

ASV: And behold, Elisabeth thy kinswoman, she also hath conceived a son in her old age; and this is the sixth month with her that was called barren.

YLT: and lo, Elisabeth, thy kinswoman, she also hath conceived a son in her old age, and this is the sixth month to her who was called barren;

Exposition: Luke 1:36 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And, behold, thy cousin Elisabeth, she hath also conceived a son in her old age: and this is the sixth month with her, who was called barren.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:37

Greek

ὅτι οὐκ ἀδυνατήσει παρὰ ⸂τοῦ θεοῦ⸃ πᾶν ῥῆμα.

oti oyk adynatesei para toy theoy pan rema.

KJV: For with God nothing shall be impossible.

AKJV: For with God nothing shall be impossible.

ASV: For no word from God shall be void of power.

YLT: because nothing shall be impossible with God.'

Exposition: Luke 1:37 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For with God nothing shall be impossible.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:38

Greek

εἶπεν δὲ Μαριάμ· Ἰδοὺ ἡ δούλη κυρίου· γένοιτό μοι κατὰ τὸ ῥῆμά σου. καὶ ἀπῆλθεν ἀπʼ αὐτῆς ὁ ἄγγελος.

eipen de Mariam· Idoy e doyle kyrioy· genoito moi kata to rema soy. kai apelthen ap aytes o aggelos.

KJV: And Mary said, Behold the handmaid of the Lord; be it unto me according to thy word. And the angel departed from her.

AKJV: And Mary said, Behold the handmaid of the Lord; be it to me according to your word. And the angel departed from her.

ASV: And Mary said, Behold, the handmaid of the Lord; be it unto me according to thy word. And the angel departed from her.

YLT: And Mary said, `Lo, the maid-servant of the Lord; let it be to me according to thy saying,' and the messenger went away from her.

Exposition: Luke 1:38 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Mary said, Behold the handmaid of the Lord; be it unto me according to thy word. And the angel departed from her.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:39

Greek

Ἀναστᾶσα δὲ Μαριὰμ ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ταύταις ἐπορεύθη εἰς τὴν ὀρεινὴν μετὰ σπουδῆς εἰς πόλιν Ἰούδα,

Anastasa de Mariam en tais emerais taytais eporeythe eis ten oreinen meta spoydes eis polin Ioyda,

KJV: And Mary arose in those days, and went into the hill country with haste, into a city of Juda;

AKJV: And Mary arose in those days, and went into the hill country with haste, into a city of Juda;

ASV: And Mary arose in these days and went into the hill country with haste, into a city of Judah;

YLT: And Mary having arisen in those days, went to the hill-country, with haste, to a city of Judea,

Exposition: Luke 1:39 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Mary arose in those days, and went into the hill country with haste, into a city of Juda;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:40

Greek

καὶ εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον Ζαχαρίου καὶ ἠσπάσατο τὴν Ἐλισάβετ.

kai eiselthen eis ton oikon Zacharioy kai espasato ten Elisabet.

KJV: And entered into the house of Zacharias, and saluted Elisabeth.

AKJV: And entered into the house of Zacharias, and saluted Elisabeth.

ASV: and entered into the house of Zacharias and saluted Elisabeth.

YLT: and entered into the house of Zacharias, and saluted Elisabeth.

Exposition: Luke 1:40 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And entered into the house of Zacharias, and saluted Elisabeth.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:41

Greek

καὶ ἐγένετο ὡς ἤκουσεν ⸂τὸν ἀσπασμὸν τῆς Μαρίας ἡ Ἐλισάβετ⸃, ἐσκίρτησεν τὸ βρέφος ἐν τῇ κοιλίᾳ αὐτῆς, καὶ ἐπλήσθη πνεύματος ἁγίου ἡ Ἐλισάβετ,

kai egeneto os ekoysen ton aspasmon tes Marias e Elisabet, eskirtesen to brephos en te koilia aytes, kai eplesthe pneymatos agioy e Elisabet,

KJV: And it came to pass, that, when Elisabeth heard the salutation of Mary, the babe leaped in her womb; and Elisabeth was filled with the Holy Ghost:

AKJV: And it came to pass, that, when Elisabeth heard the salutation of Mary, the babe leaped in her womb; and Elisabeth was filled with the Holy Ghost:

ASV: And it came to pass, when Elisabeth heard the salutation of Mary, the babe leaped in her womb; and Elisabeth was filled with the Holy Spirit;

YLT: And it came to pass, when Elisabeth heard the salutation of Mary, the babe did leap in her womb; and Elisabeth was filled with the Holy Spirit,

Exposition: Luke 1:41 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And it came to pass, that, when Elisabeth heard the salutation of Mary, the babe leaped in her womb; and Elisabeth was filled with the Holy Ghost:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:42

Greek

καὶ ἀνεφώνησεν ⸀κραυγῇ μεγάλῃ καὶ εἶπεν· Εὐλογημένη σὺ ἐν γυναιξίν, καὶ εὐλογημένος ὁ καρπὸς τῆς κοιλίας σου.

kai anephonesen krayge megale kai eipen· Eylogemene sy en gynaixin, kai eylogemenos o karpos tes koilias soy.

KJV: And she spake out with a loud voice, and said, Blessed art thou among women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb.

AKJV: And she spoke out with a loud voice, and said, Blessed are you among women, and blessed is the fruit of your womb.

ASV: and she lifted up her voice with a loud cry, and said, Blessed art thou among women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb.

YLT: and spake out with a loud voice, and said, `Blessed art thou among women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb;

Exposition: Luke 1:42 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And she spake out with a loud voice, and said, Blessed art thou among women, and blessed is the fruit of thy womb.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:43

Greek

καὶ πόθεν μοι τοῦτο ἵνα ἔλθῃ ἡ μήτηρ τοῦ κυρίου μου πρὸς ⸀ἐμέ;

kai pothen moi toyto ina elthe e meter toy kyrioy moy pros eme;

KJV: And whence is this to me, that the mother of my Lord should come to me?

AKJV: And what is this to me, that the mother of my Lord should come to me?

ASV: And whence is this to me, that the mother of my Lord should come unto me?

YLT: and whence is this to me, that the mother of my Lord might come unto me?

Exposition: Luke 1:43 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And whence is this to me, that the mother of my Lord should come to me?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:44

Greek

ἰδοὺ γὰρ ὡς ἐγένετο ἡ φωνὴ τοῦ ἀσπασμοῦ σου εἰς τὰ ὦτά μου, ἐσκίρτησεν ⸂ἐν ἀγαλλιάσει τὸ βρέφος⸃ ἐν τῇ κοιλίᾳ μου.

idoy gar os egeneto e phone toy aspasmoy soy eis ta ota moy, eskirtesen en agalliasei to brephos en te koilia moy.

KJV: For, lo, as soon as the voice of thy salutation sounded in mine ears, the babe leaped in my womb for joy.

AKJV: For, see, as soon as the voice of your salutation sounded in my ears, the babe leaped in my womb for joy.

ASV: For behold, when the voice of thy salutation came into mine ears, the babe leaped in my womb for joy.

YLT: for, lo, when the voice of thy salutation came to my ears, leap in gladness did the babe in my womb;

Exposition: Luke 1:44 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For, lo, as soon as the voice of thy salutation sounded in mine ears, the babe leaped in my womb for joy.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:45

Greek

καὶ μακαρία ἡ πιστεύσασα ὅτι ἔσται τελείωσις τοῖς λελαλημένοις αὐτῇ παρὰ κυρίου.

kai makaria e pisteysasa oti estai teleiosis tois lelalemenois ayte para kyrioy.

KJV: And blessed is she that believed: for there shall be a performance of those things which were told her from the Lord.

AKJV: And blessed is she that believed: for there shall be a performance of those things which were told her from the Lord.

ASV: And blessed is she that believed; for there shall be a fulfilment of the things which have been spoken to her from the Lord.

YLT: and happy is she who did believe, for there shall be a completion to the things spoken to her from the Lord.'

Exposition: Luke 1:45 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And blessed is she that believed: for there shall be a performance of those things which were told her from the Lord.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:46

Greek

Καὶ εἶπεν Μαριάμ· Μεγαλύνει ἡ ψυχή μου τὸν κύριον,

Kai eipen Mariam· Megalynei e psyche moy ton kyrion,

KJV: And Mary said, My soul doth magnify the Lord,

AKJV: And Mary said, My soul does magnify the Lord,

ASV: And Mary said, My soul doth magnify the Lord,

YLT: And Mary said, `My soul doth magnify the Lord,

Exposition: Luke 1:46 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Mary said, My soul doth magnify the Lord,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:47

Greek

καὶ ἠγαλλίασεν τὸ πνεῦμά μου ἐπὶ τῷ θεῷ τῷ σωτῆρί μου·

kai egalliasen to pneyma moy epi to theo to soteri moy·

KJV: And my spirit hath rejoiced in God my Saviour.

AKJV: And my spirit has rejoiced in God my Savior.

ASV: And my spirit hath rejoiced in God my Saviour.

YLT: And my spirit was glad on God my Saviour,

Exposition: Luke 1:47 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And my spirit hath rejoiced in God my Saviour.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:48

Greek

ὅτι ἐπέβλεψεν ἐπὶ τὴν ταπείνωσιν τῆς δούλης αὐτοῦ, ἰδοὺ γὰρ ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν μακαριοῦσίν με πᾶσαι αἱ γενεαί·

oti epeblepsen epi ten tapeinosin tes doyles aytoy, idoy gar apo toy nyn makarioysin me pasai ai geneai·

KJV: For he hath regarded the low estate of his handmaiden: for, behold, from henceforth all generations shall call me blessed.

AKJV: For he has regarded the low estate of his handmaiden: for, behold, from now on all generations shall call me blessed.

ASV: For he hath looked upon the low estate of his handmaid:

YLT: Because He looked on the lowliness of His maid-servant, For, lo, henceforth call me happy shall all the generations,

Exposition: Luke 1:48 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For he hath regarded the low estate of his handmaiden: for, behold, from henceforth all generations shall call me blessed.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:49

Greek

ὅτι ἐποίησέν μοι ⸀μεγάλα ὁ δυνατός, καὶ ἅγιον τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ,

oti epoiesen moi megala o dynatos, kai agion to onoma aytoy,

KJV: For he that is mighty hath done to me great things; and holy is his name.

AKJV: For he that is mighty has done to me great things; and holy is his name.

ASV: For he that is mighty hath done to me great things;

YLT: For He who is mighty did to me great things, And holy is His name,

Exposition: Luke 1:49 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For he that is mighty hath done to me great things; and holy is his name.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:50

Greek

καὶ τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ εἰς γενεὰς ⸂καὶ γενεὰς⸃ τοῖς φοβουμένοις αὐτόν.

kai to eleos aytoy eis geneas kai geneas tois phoboymenois ayton.

KJV: And his mercy is on them that fear him from generation to generation.

AKJV: And his mercy is on them that fear him from generation to generation.

ASV: And his mercy is unto generations and generations

YLT: And His kindness is to generations of generations, To those fearing Him,

Exposition: Luke 1:50 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And his mercy is on them that fear him from generation to generation.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:51

Greek

Ἐποίησεν κράτος ἐν βραχίονι αὐτοῦ, διεσκόρπισεν ὑπερηφάνους διανοίᾳ καρδίας αὐτῶν·

Epoiesen kratos en brachioni aytoy, dieskorpisen yperephanoys dianoia kardias ayton·

KJV: He hath shewed strength with his arm; he hath scattered the proud in the imagination of their hearts.

AKJV: He has showed strength with his arm; he has scattered the proud in the imagination of their hearts.

ASV: He hath showed strength with his arm;

YLT: He did powerfully with His arm, He scattered abroad the proud in the thought of their heart,

Exposition: Luke 1:51 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'He hath shewed strength with his arm; he hath scattered the proud in the imagination of their hearts.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:52

Greek

καθεῖλεν δυνάστας ἀπὸ θρόνων καὶ ὕψωσεν ταπεινούς,

katheilen dynastas apo thronon kai ypsosen tapeinoys,

KJV: He hath put down the mighty from their seats, and exalted them of low degree.

AKJV: He has put down the mighty from their seats, and exalted them of low degree.

ASV: He hath put down princes from their thrones,

YLT: He brought down the mighty from thrones, And He exalted the lowly,

Exposition: Luke 1:52 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'He hath put down the mighty from their seats, and exalted them of low degree.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:53

Greek

πεινῶντας ἐνέπλησεν ἀγαθῶν καὶ πλουτοῦντας ἐξαπέστειλεν κενούς.

peinontas eneplesen agathon kai ploytoyntas exapesteilen kenoys.

KJV: He hath filled the hungry with good things; and the rich he hath sent empty away.

AKJV: He has filled the hungry with good things; and the rich he has sent empty away.

ASV: The hungry he hath filled with good things;

YLT: The hungry He did fill with good, And the rich He sent away empty,

Exposition: Luke 1:53 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'He hath filled the hungry with good things; and the rich he hath sent empty away.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:54

Greek

ἀντελάβετο Ἰσραὴλ παιδὸς αὐτοῦ, μνησθῆναι ἐλέους,

antelabeto Israel paidos aytoy, mnesthenai eleoys,

KJV: He hath holpen his servant Israel, in remembrance of his mercy;

AKJV: He has helped his servant Israel, in remembrance of his mercy;

ASV: He hath given help to Israel his servant,

YLT: He received again Israel His servant, To remember kindness,

Exposition: Luke 1:54 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'He hath holpen his servant Israel, in remembrance of his mercy;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:55

Greek

καθὼς ἐλάλησεν πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας ἡμῶν, τῷ Ἀβραὰμ καὶ τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα.

kathos elalesen pros toys pateras emon, to Abraam kai to spermati aytoy eis ton aiona.

KJV: As he spake to our fathers, to Abraham, and to his seed for ever.

AKJV: As he spoke to our fathers, to Abraham, and to his seed for ever.

ASV: (As he spake unto our fathers)

YLT: As He spake unto our fathers, To Abraham and to his seed--to the age.'

Exposition: Luke 1:55 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'As he spake to our fathers, to Abraham, and to his seed for ever.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:56

Greek

Ἔμεινεν δὲ Μαριὰμ σὺν αὐτῇ ⸀ὡς μῆνας τρεῖς, καὶ ὑπέστρεψεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον αὐτῆς.

Emeinen de Mariam syn ayte os menas treis, kai ypestrepsen eis ton oikon aytes.

KJV: And Mary abode with her about three months, and returned to her own house.

AKJV: And Mary stayed with her about three months, and returned to her own house.

ASV: And Mary abode with her about three months, and returned unto her house.

YLT: And Mary remained with her about three months, and turned back to her house.

Exposition: Luke 1:56 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Mary abode with her about three months, and returned to her own house.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:57

Greek

Τῇ δὲ Ἐλισάβετ ἐπλήσθη ὁ χρόνος τοῦ τεκεῖν αὐτήν, καὶ ἐγέννησεν υἱόν.

Te de Elisabet eplesthe o chronos toy tekein ayten, kai egennesen yion.

KJV: Now Elisabeth’s full time came that she should be delivered; and she brought forth a son.

AKJV: Now Elisabeth’s full time came that she should be delivered; and she brought forth a son.

ASV: Now Elisabeth’s time was fulfilled that she should be delivered; and she brought forth a son.

YLT: And to Elisabeth was the time fulfilled for her bringing forth, and she bare a son,

Exposition: Luke 1:57 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Now Elisabeth’s full time came that she should be delivered; and she brought forth a son.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:58

Greek

καὶ ἤκουσαν οἱ περίοικοι καὶ οἱ συγγενεῖς αὐτῆς ὅτι ἐμεγάλυνεν κύριος τὸ ἔλεος αὐτοῦ μετʼ αὐτῆς, καὶ συνέχαιρον αὐτῇ.

kai ekoysan oi perioikoi kai oi syggeneis aytes oti emegalynen kyrios to eleos aytoy met aytes, kai synechairon ayte.

KJV: And her neighbours and her cousins heard how the Lord had shewed great mercy upon her; and they rejoiced with her.

AKJV: And her neighbors and her cousins heard how the Lord had showed great mercy on her; and they rejoiced with her.

ASV: And her neighbors and her kinsfolk heard that the Lord had magnified his mercy towards her; and they rejoiced with her.

YLT: and the neighbours and her kindred heard that the Lord was making His kindness great with her, and they were rejoicing with her.

Exposition: Luke 1:58 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And her neighbours and her cousins heard how the Lord had shewed great mercy upon her; and they rejoiced with her.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:59

Greek

Καὶ ἐγένετο ἐν τῇ ⸂ἡμέρᾳ τῇ ὀγδόῃ⸃ ἦλθον περιτεμεῖν τὸ παιδίον, καὶ ἐκάλουν αὐτὸ ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνόματι τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ Ζαχαρίαν.

Kai egeneto en te emera te ogdoe elthon peritemein to paidion, kai ekaloyn ayto epi to onomati toy patros aytoy Zacharian.

KJV: And it came to pass, that on the eighth day they came to circumcise the child; and they called him Zacharias, after the name of his father.

AKJV: And it came to pass, that on the eighth day they came to circumcise the child; and they called him Zacharias, after the name of his father.

ASV: And it came to pass on the eighth day, that they came to circumcise the child; and they would have called him Zacharias, after the name of his father.

YLT: And it came to pass, on the eighth day, they came to circumcise the child, and they were calling him by the name of his father, Zacharias,

Exposition: Luke 1:59 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And it came to pass, that on the eighth day they came to circumcise the child; and they called him Zacharias, after the name of his father.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:60

Greek

καὶ ἀποκριθεῖσα ἡ μήτηρ αὐτοῦ εἶπεν· Οὐχί, ἀλλὰ κληθήσεται Ἰωάννης.

kai apokritheisa e meter aytoy eipen· Oychi, alla klethesetai Ioannes.

KJV: And his mother answered and said, Not so; but he shall be called John.

AKJV: And his mother answered and said, Not so; but he shall be called John.

ASV: And his mother answered and said, Not so; but he shall be called John.

YLT: and his mother answering said, `No, but he shall be called John.'

Exposition: Luke 1:60 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And his mother answered and said, Not so; but he shall be called John.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:61

Greek

καὶ εἶπαν πρὸς αὐτὴν ὅτι Οὐδείς ἐστιν ⸂ἐκ τῆς συγγενείας⸃ σου ὃς καλεῖται τῷ ὀνόματι τούτῳ.

kai eipan pros ayten oti Oydeis estin ek tes syggeneias soy os kaleitai to onomati toyto.

KJV: And they said unto her, There is none of thy kindred that is called by this name.

AKJV: And they said to her, There is none of your kindred that is called by this name.

ASV: And they said unto her, There is none of thy kindred that is called by this name.

YLT: And they said unto her--`There is none among thy kindred who is called by this name,'

Exposition: Luke 1:61 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they said unto her, There is none of thy kindred that is called by this name.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:62

Greek

ἐνένευον δὲ τῷ πατρὶ αὐτοῦ τὸ τί ἂν θέλοι καλεῖσθαι ⸀αὐτό.

eneneyon de to patri aytoy to ti an theloi kaleisthai ayto.

KJV: And they made signs to his father, how he would have him called.

AKJV: And they made signs to his father, how he would have him called.

ASV: And they made signs to his father, what he would have him called.

YLT: and they were making signs to his father, what he would wish him to be called,

Exposition: Luke 1:62 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they made signs to his father, how he would have him called.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:63

Greek

καὶ αἰτήσας πινακίδιον ἔγραψεν λέγων· Ἰωάννης ⸀ἐστὶν ὄνομα αὐτοῦ. καὶ ἐθαύμασαν πάντες.

kai aitesas pinakidion egrapsen legon· Ioannes estin onoma aytoy. kai ethaymasan pantes.

KJV: And he asked for a writing table, and wrote, saying, His name is John. And they marvelled all.

AKJV: And he asked for a writing table, and wrote, saying, His name is John. And they marveled all.

ASV: And he asked for a writing tablet, and wrote, saying, His name is John. And they marvelled all.

YLT: and having asked for a tablet, he wrote, saying, `John is his name;' and they did all wonder;

Exposition: Luke 1:63 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he asked for a writing table, and wrote, saying, His name is John. And they marvelled all.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:64

Greek

ἀνεῴχθη δὲ τὸ στόμα αὐτοῦ παραχρῆμα καὶ ἡ γλῶσσα αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐλάλει εὐλογῶν τὸν θεόν.

aneochthe de to stoma aytoy parachrema kai e glossa aytoy, kai elalei eylogon ton theon.

KJV: And his mouth was opened immediately, and his tongue loosed, and he spake, and praised God.

AKJV: And his mouth was opened immediately, and his tongue loosed, and he spoke, and praised God.

ASV: And his mouth was opened immediately, and his tongue loosed, and he spake, blessing God.

YLT: and his mouth was opened presently, and his tongue, and he was speaking, praising God.

Exposition: Luke 1:64 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And his mouth was opened immediately, and his tongue loosed, and he spake, and praised God.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:65

Greek

καὶ ἐγένετο ἐπὶ πάντας φόβος τοὺς περιοικοῦντας αὐτούς, καὶ ἐν ὅλῃ τῇ ὀρεινῇ τῆς Ἰουδαίας διελαλεῖτο πάντα τὰ ῥήματα ταῦτα,

kai egeneto epi pantas phobos toys perioikoyntas aytoys, kai en ole te oreine tes Ioydaias dielaleito panta ta remata tayta,

KJV: And fear came on all that dwelt round about them: and all these sayings were noised abroad throughout all the hill country of Judea.

AKJV: And fear came on all that dwelled round about them: and all these sayings were noised abroad throughout all the hill country of Judaea.

ASV: And fear came on all that dwelt round about them: and all these sayings were noised abroad throughout all the hill country of Judæa.

YLT: And fear came upon all those dwelling around them, and in all the hill-country of Judea were all these sayings spoken of,

Exposition: Luke 1:65 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And fear came on all that dwelt round about them: and all these sayings were noised abroad throughout all the hill country of Judea.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:66

Greek

καὶ ἔθεντο πάντες οἱ ἀκούσαντες ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτῶν, λέγοντες· Τί ἄρα τὸ παιδίον τοῦτο ἔσται; καὶ ⸀γὰρ χεὶρ κυρίου ἦν μετʼ αὐτοῦ.

kai ethento pantes oi akoysantes en te kardia ayton, legontes· Ti ara to paidion toyto estai; kai gar cheir kyrioy en met aytoy.

KJV: And all they that heard them laid them up in their hearts, saying, What manner of child shall this be! And the hand of the Lord was with him.

AKJV: And all they that heard them laid them up in their hearts, saying, What manner of child shall this be! And the hand of the Lord was with him.

ASV: And all that heard them laid them up in their heart, saying, What then shall this child be? For the hand of the Lord was with him.

YLT: and all who heard did lay them up in their hearts, saying, `What then shall this child be?' and the hand of the Lord was with him.

Exposition: Luke 1:66 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And all they that heard them laid them up in their hearts, saying, What manner of child shall this be! And the hand of the Lord was with him.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:67

Greek

Καὶ Ζαχαρίας ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ ἐπλήσθη πνεύματος ἁγίου καὶ ⸀ἐπροφήτευσεν λέγων·

Kai Zacharias o pater aytoy eplesthe pneymatos agioy kai epropheteysen legon·

KJV: And his father Zacharias was filled with the Holy Ghost, and prophesied, saying,

AKJV: And his father Zacharias was filled with the Holy Ghost, and prophesied, saying,

ASV: And his father Zacharias was filled with the Holy Spirit, and prophesied, saying,

YLT: And Zacharias his father was filled with the Holy Spirit, and did prophesy, saying,

Exposition: Luke 1:67 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And his father Zacharias was filled with the Holy Ghost, and prophesied, saying,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:68

Greek

Εὐλογητὸς κύριος ὁ θεὸς τοῦ Ἰσραήλ, ὅτι ἐπεσκέψατο καὶ ἐποίησεν λύτρωσιν τῷ λαῷ αὐτοῦ,

Eylogetos kyrios o theos toy Israel, oti epeskepsato kai epoiesen lytrosin to lao aytoy,

KJV: Blessed be the Lord God of Israel; for he hath visited and redeemed his people,

AKJV: Blessed be the Lord God of Israel; for he has visited and redeemed his people,

ASV: Blessedbethe Lord, the God of Israel;

YLT: `Blessed is the Lord, the God of Israel, Because He did look upon, And wrought redemption for His people,

Exposition: Luke 1:68 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Blessed be the Lord God of Israel; for he hath visited and redeemed his people,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:69

Greek

καὶ ἤγειρεν κέρας σωτηρίας ἡμῖν ⸀ἐν οἴκῳ ⸀Δαυὶδ παιδὸς αὐτοῦ,

kai egeiren keras soterias emin en oiko Dayid paidos aytoy,

KJV: And hath raised up an horn of salvation for us in the house of his servant David;

AKJV: And has raised up an horn of salvation for us in the house of his servant David;

ASV: And hath raised up a horn of salvation for us

YLT: And did raise an horn of salvation to us, In the house of David His servant,

Exposition: Luke 1:69 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And hath raised up an horn of salvation for us in the house of his servant David;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:70

Greek

καθὼς ἐλάλησεν διὰ στόματος τῶν ⸀ἁγίων ἀπʼ αἰῶνος προφητῶν αὐτοῦ,

kathos elalesen dia stomatos ton agion ap aionos propheton aytoy,

KJV: As he spake by the mouth of his holy prophets, which have been since the world began:

AKJV: As he spoke by the mouth of his holy prophets, which have been since the world began:

ASV: (As he spake by the mouth of his holy prophets that have been from of old),

YLT: As He spake by the mouth of His holy prophets, Which have been from the age;

Exposition: Luke 1:70 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'As he spake by the mouth of his holy prophets, which have been since the world began:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:71

Greek

σωτηρίαν ἐξ ἐχθρῶν ἡμῶν καὶ ἐκ χειρὸς πάντων τῶν μισούντων ἡμᾶς,

soterian ex echthron emon kai ek cheiros panton ton misoynton emas,

KJV: That we should be saved from our enemies, and from the hand of all that hate us;

AKJV: That we should be saved from our enemies, and from the hand of all that hate us;

ASV: Salvation from our enemies, and from the hand of all that hate us;

YLT: Salvation from our enemies, And out of the hand of all hating us,

Exposition: Luke 1:71 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'That we should be saved from our enemies, and from the hand of all that hate us;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:72

Greek

ποιῆσαι ἔλεος μετὰ τῶν πατέρων ἡμῶν καὶ μνησθῆναι διαθήκης ἁγίας αὐτοῦ,

poiesai eleos meta ton pateron emon kai mnesthenai diathekes agias aytoy,

KJV: To perform the mercy promised to our fathers, and to remember his holy covenant;

AKJV: To perform the mercy promised to our fathers, and to remember his holy covenant;

ASV: To show mercy towards our fathers,

YLT: To do kindness with our fathers, And to be mindful of His holy covenant,

Exposition: Luke 1:72 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'To perform the mercy promised to our fathers, and to remember his holy covenant;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:73

Greek

ὅρκον ὃν ὤμοσεν πρὸς Ἀβραὰμ τὸν πατέρα ἡμῶν, τοῦ δοῦναι ἡμῖν

orkon on omosen pros Abraam ton patera emon, toy doynai emin

KJV: The oath which he sware to our father Abraham,

AKJV: The oath which he swore to our father Abraham,

ASV: The oath which he sware unto Abraham our father,

YLT: An oath that He sware to Abraham our father,

Exposition: Luke 1:73 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'The oath which he sware to our father Abraham,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:74

Greek

ἀφόβως ἐκ χειρὸς ⸀ἐχθρῶν ῥυσθέντας λατρεύειν αὐτῷ

aphobos ek cheiros echthron rysthentas latreyein ayto

KJV: That he would grant unto us, that we being delivered out of the hand of our enemies might serve him without fear,

AKJV: That he would grant to us, that we being delivered out of the hand of our enemies might serve him without fear,

ASV: To grant unto us that we being delivered out of the hand of our enemies

YLT: To give to us, without fear, Out of the hand of our enemies having been delivered,

Exposition: Luke 1:74 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'That he would grant unto us, that we being delivered out of the hand of our enemies might serve him without fear,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:75

Greek

ἐν ὁσιότητι καὶ δικαιοσύνῃ ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ ⸂πάσαις ταῖς ἡμέραις⸃ ἡμῶν.

en osioteti kai dikaiosyne enopion aytoy pasais tais emerais emon.

KJV: In holiness and righteousness before him, all the days of our life.

AKJV: In holiness and righteousness before him, all the days of our life.

ASV: In holiness and righteousness before him all our days.

YLT: To serve Him, in holiness and righteousness Before Him, all the days of our life.

Exposition: Luke 1:75 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'In holiness and righteousness before him, all the days of our life.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:76

Greek

καὶ σὺ ⸀δέ, παιδίον, προφήτης Ὑψίστου κληθήσῃ, προπορεύσῃ γὰρ ⸀ἐνώπιον κυρίου ἑτοιμάσαι ὁδοὺς αὐτοῦ,

kai sy de, paidion, prophetes Ypsistoy klethese, proporeyse gar enopion kyrioy etoimasai odoys aytoy,

KJV: And thou, child, shalt be called the prophet of the Highest: for thou shalt go before the face of the Lord to prepare his ways;

AKJV: And you, child, shall be called the prophet of the Highest: for you shall go before the face of the Lord to prepare his ways;

ASV: Yea and thou, child, shalt be called the prophet of the Most High:

YLT: And thou, child, Prophet of the Highest Shalt thou be called; For thou shalt go before the face of the Lord, To prepare His ways.

Exposition: Luke 1:76 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And thou, child, shalt be called the prophet of the Highest: for thou shalt go before the face of the Lord to prepare his ways;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:77

Greek

τοῦ δοῦναι γνῶσιν σωτηρίας τῷ λαῷ αὐτοῦ ἐν ἀφέσει ἁμαρτιῶν αὐτῶν,

toy doynai gnosin soterias to lao aytoy en aphesei amartion ayton,

KJV: To give knowledge of salvation unto his people by the remission of their sins,

AKJV: To give knowledge of salvation to his people by the remission of their sins,

ASV: To give knowledge of salvation unto his people

YLT: To give knowledge of salvation to His people In remission of their sins,

Exposition: Luke 1:77 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'To give knowledge of salvation unto his people by the remission of their sins,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:78

Greek

διὰ σπλάγχνα ἐλέους θεοῦ ἡμῶν, ἐν οἷς ⸀ἐπισκέψεται ἡμᾶς ἀνατολὴ ἐξ ὕψους,

dia splagchna eleoys theoy emon, en ois episkepsetai emas anatole ex ypsoys,

KJV: Through the tender mercy of our God; whereby the dayspring from on high hath visited us,

AKJV: Through the tender mercy of our God; whereby the dayspring from on high has visited us,

ASV: Because of the tender mercy of our God,

YLT: Through the tender mercies of our God, In which the rising from on high did look upon us,

Exposition: Luke 1:78 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Through the tender mercy of our God; whereby the dayspring from on high hath visited us,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:79

Greek

ἐπιφᾶναι τοῖς ἐν σκότει καὶ σκιᾷ θανάτου καθημένοις, τοῦ κατευθῦναι τοὺς πόδας ἡμῶν εἰς ὁδὸν εἰρήνης.

epiphanai tois en skotei kai skia thanatoy kathemenois, toy kateythynai toys podas emon eis odon eirenes.

KJV: To give light to them that sit in darkness and in the shadow of death, to guide our feet into the way of peace.

AKJV: To give light to them that sit in darkness and in the shadow of death, to guide our feet into the way of peace.

ASV: To shine upon them that sit in darkness and the shadow of death;

YLT: To give light to those sitting in darkness and death-shade, To guide our feet to a way of peace.'

Exposition: Luke 1:79 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'To give light to them that sit in darkness and in the shadow of death, to guide our feet into the way of peace.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Luke 1:80

Greek

Τὸ δὲ παιδίον ηὔξανε καὶ ἐκραταιοῦτο πνεύματι, καὶ ἦν ἐν ταῖς ἐρήμοις ἕως ἡμέρας ἀναδείξεως αὐτοῦ πρὸς τὸν Ἰσραήλ.

To de paidion eyxane kai ekrataioyto pneymati, kai en en tais eremois eos emeras anadeixeos aytoy pros ton Israel.

KJV: And the child grew, and waxed strong in spirit, and was in the deserts till the day of his shewing unto Israel.

AKJV: And the child grew, and waxed strong in spirit, and was in the deserts till the day of his showing to Israel.

ASV: And the child grew, and waxed strong in spirit, and was in the deserts till the day of his showing unto Israel.

YLT: And the child grew, and was strengthened in spirit, and he was in the deserts till the day of his shewing unto Israel.

Exposition: Luke 1:80 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the child grew, and waxed strong in spirit, and was in the deserts till the day of his shewing unto Israel.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.