Apologetics Bible

Matthew 19:1

Greek

Καὶ ἐγένετο ὅτε ἐτέλεσεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς τοὺς λόγους τούτους, μετῆρεν ἀπὸ τῆς Γαλιλαίας καὶ ἦλθεν εἰς τὰ ὅρια τῆς Ἰουδαίας πέραν τοῦ Ἰορδάνου.

Kai egeneto ote etelesen o Iesoys toys logoys toytoys, meteren apo tes Galilaias kai elthen eis ta oria tes Ioydaias peran toy Iordanoy.

KJV: And it came to pass, that when Jesus had finished these sayings, he departed from Galilee, and came into the coasts of Judea beyond Jordan;

AKJV: And it came to pass, that when Jesus had finished these sayings, he departed from Galilee, and came into the coasts of Judaea beyond Jordan;

ASV: And it came to pass when Jesus had finished these words, he departed from Galilee, and came into the borders of Judæa beyond the Jordan;

YLT: And it came to pass, when Jesus finished these words, he removed from Galilee, and did come to the borders of Judea, beyond the Jordan,

Exposition: Matthew 19:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And it came to pass, that when Jesus had finished these sayings, he departed from Galilee, and came into the coasts of Judea beyond Jordan;'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:2

Greek

καὶ ἠκολούθησαν αὐτῷ ὄχλοι πολλοί, καὶ ἐθεράπευσεν αὐτοὺς ἐκεῖ.

kai ekoloythesan ayto ochloi polloi, kai etherapeysen aytoys ekei.

KJV: And great multitudes followed him; and he healed them there.

AKJV: And great multitudes followed him; and he healed them there. ¶

ASV: and great multitudes followed him; and he healed them there.

YLT: and great multitudes followed him, and he healed them there.

Exposition: Matthew 19:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And great multitudes followed him; and he healed them there.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:3

Greek

Καὶ προσῆλθον ⸀αὐτῷ Φαρισαῖοι πειράζοντες αὐτὸν καὶ ⸀λέγοντες· Εἰ ἔξεστιν ⸀ἀνθρώπῳ ἀπολῦσαι τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ κατὰ πᾶσαν αἰτίαν;

Kai proselthon ayto Pharisaioi peirazontes ayton kai legontes· Ei exestin anthropo apolysai ten gynaika aytoy kata pasan aitian;

KJV: The Pharisees also came unto him, tempting him, and saying unto him, Is it lawful for a man to put away his wife for every cause?

AKJV: The Pharisees also came to him, tempting him, and saying to him, Is it lawful for a man to put away his wife for every cause?

ASV: And there came unto him Pharisees, trying him, and saying, Is it lawful for a man to put away his wife for every cause?

YLT: And the Pharisees came near to him, tempting him, and saying to him, `Is it lawful for a man to put away his wife for every cause?'

Exposition: Matthew 19:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'The Pharisees also came unto him, tempting him, and saying unto him, Is it lawful for a man to put away his wife for every cause?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:4

Greek

ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς ⸀εἶπεν· Οὐκ ἀνέγνωτε ὅτι ὁ ⸀κτίσας ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς ἄρσεν καὶ θῆλυ ἐποίησεν αὐτοὺς

o de apokritheis eipen· Oyk anegnote oti o ktisas ap arches arsen kai thely epoiesen aytoys

KJV: And he answered and said unto them, Have ye not read, that he which made them at the beginning made them male and female,

AKJV: And he answered and said to them, Have you not read, that he which made them at the beginning made them male and female,

ASV: And he answered and said, Have ye not read, that he who made them from the beginning made them male and female,

YLT: And he answering said to them, `Did ye not read, that He who made them , from the beginning a male and a female made them,

Exposition: Matthew 19:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he answered and said unto them, Have ye not read, that he which made them at the beginning made them male and female,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:5

Greek

καὶ εἶπεν· ⸀Ἕνεκα τούτου καταλείψει ἄνθρωπος τὸν πατέρα καὶ τὴν μητέρα καὶ ⸀κολληθήσεται τῇ γυναικὶ αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἔσονται οἱ δύο εἰς σάρκα μίαν;

kai eipen· Eneka toytoy kataleipsei anthropos ton patera kai ten metera kai kollethesetai te gynaiki aytoy, kai esontai oi dyo eis sarka mian;

KJV: And said, For this cause shall a man leave father and mother, and shall cleave to his wife: and they twain shall be one flesh?

AKJV: And said, For this cause shall a man leave father and mother, and shall join to his wife: and they two shall be one flesh?

ASV: and said, For this cause shall a man leave his father and mother, and shall cleave to his wife; and the two shall become one flesh?

YLT: and said, For this cause shall a man leave father and mother, and cleave to his wife, and they shall be--the two--for one flesh?

Exposition: Matthew 19:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And said, For this cause shall a man leave father and mother, and shall cleave to his wife: and they twain shall be one flesh?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:6

Greek

ὥστε οὐκέτι εἰσὶν δύο ἀλλὰ σὰρξ μία. ὃ οὖν ὁ θεὸς συνέζευξεν ἄνθρωπος μὴ χωριζέτω.

oste oyketi eisin dyo alla sarx mia. o oyn o theos synezeyxen anthropos me chorizeto.

KJV: Wherefore they are no more twain, but one flesh. What therefore God hath joined together, let not man put asunder.

AKJV: Why they are no more two, but one flesh. What therefore God has joined together, let not man put asunder.

ASV: So that they are no more two, but one flesh. What therefore God hath joined together, let not man put asunder.

YLT: so that they are no more two, but one flesh; what therefore God did join together, let no man put asunder.'

Exposition: Matthew 19:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Wherefore they are no more twain, but one flesh. What therefore God hath joined together, let not man put asunder.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:7

Greek

λέγουσιν αὐτῷ· Τί οὖν Μωϋσῆς ἐνετείλατο δοῦναι βιβλίον ἀποστασίου καὶ ἀπολῦσαι ⸀αὐτήν;

legoysin ayto· Ti oyn Moyses eneteilato doynai biblion apostasioy kai apolysai ayten;

KJV: They say unto him, Why did Moses then command to give a writing of divorcement, and to put her away?

AKJV: They say to him, Why did Moses then command to give a writing of divorce, and to put her away?

ASV: They say unto him, Why then did Moses command to give a bill of divorcement, and to put her away?

YLT: They say to him, `Why then did Moses command to give a roll of divorce, and to put her away?'

Exposition: Matthew 19:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'They say unto him, Why did Moses then command to give a writing of divorcement, and to put her away?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:8

Greek

λέγει αὐτοῖς ὅτι Μωϋσῆς πρὸς τὴν σκληροκαρδίαν ὑμῶν ἐπέτρεψεν ὑμῖν ἀπολῦσαι τὰς γυναῖκας ὑμῶν, ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς δὲ οὐ γέγονεν οὕτως.

legei aytois oti Moyses pros ten sklerokardian ymon epetrepsen ymin apolysai tas gynaikas ymon, ap arches de oy gegonen oytos.

KJV: He saith unto them, Moses because of the hardness of your hearts suffered you to put away your wives: but from the beginning it was not so.

AKJV: He says to them, Moses because of the hardness of your hearts suffered you to put away your wives: but from the beginning it was not so.

ASV: He saith unto them, Moses for your hardness of heart suffered you to put away your wives: but from the beginning it hath not been so.

YLT: He saith to them--`Moses for your stiffness of heart did suffer you to put away your wives, but from the beginning it hath not been so.

Exposition: Matthew 19:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'He saith unto them, Moses because of the hardness of your hearts suffered you to put away your wives: but from the beginning it was not so.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:9

Greek

λέγω δὲ ὑμῖν ⸀ὅτι ὃς ἂν ἀπολύσῃ τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ μὴ ἐπὶ πορνείᾳ καὶ γαμήσῃ ἄλλην μοιχᾶται ⸂καὶ ὁ ἀπολελυμένην γαμήσας μοιχᾶται⸃.

lego de ymin oti os an apolyse ten gynaika aytoy me epi porneia kai gamese allen moichatai kai o apolelymenen gamesas moichatai.

KJV: And I say unto you, Whosoever shall put away his wife, except it be for fornication, and shall marry another, committeth adultery: and whoso marrieth her which is put away doth commit adultery.

AKJV: And I say to you, Whoever shall put away his wife, except it be for fornication, and shall marry another, commits adultery: and whoever marries her which is put away does commit adultery. ¶

ASV: And I say unto you, Whosoever shall put away his wife, except for fornication, and shall marry another, committeth adultery: and he that marrieth her when she is put away committeth adultery.

YLT: `And I say to you, that, whoever may put away his wife, if not for whoredom, and may marry another, doth commit adultery; and he who did marry her that hath been put away, doth commit adultery.'

Exposition: Matthew 19:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And I say unto you, Whosoever shall put away his wife, except it be for fornication, and shall marry another, committeth adultery: and whoso marrieth her which is put away doth commit adultery.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:10

Greek

Λέγουσιν αὐτῷ οἱ ⸀μαθηταί· Εἰ οὕτως ἐστὶν ἡ αἰτία τοῦ ἀνθρώπου μετὰ τῆς γυναικός, οὐ συμφέρει γαμῆσαι.

Legoysin ayto oi mathetai· Ei oytos estin e aitia toy anthropoy meta tes gynaikos, oy sympherei gamesai.

KJV: His disciples say unto him, If the case of the man be so with his wife, it is not good to marry.

AKJV: His disciples say to him, If the case of the man be so with his wife, it is not good to marry.

ASV: The disciples say unto him, If the case of the man is so with his wife, it is not expedient to marry.

YLT: His disciples say to him, `If the case of the man with the woman is so, it is not good to marry.'

Exposition: Matthew 19:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'His disciples say unto him, If the case of the man be so with his wife, it is not good to marry.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:11

Greek

ὁ δὲ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· Οὐ πάντες χωροῦσι τὸν λόγον ⸀τοῦτον ἀλλʼ οἷς δέδοται.

o de eipen aytois· Oy pantes choroysi ton logon toyton all ois dedotai.

KJV: But he said unto them, All men cannot receive this saying, save they to whom it is given.

AKJV: But he said to them, All men cannot receive this saying, save they to whom it is given.

ASV: But he said unto them, Not all men can receive this saying, but they to whom it is given.

YLT: And he said to them, `All do not receive this word, but those to whom it hath been given;

Exposition: Matthew 19:11 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But he said unto them, All men cannot receive this saying, save they to whom it is given.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:12

Greek

εἰσὶν γὰρ εὐνοῦχοι οἵτινες ἐκ κοιλίας μητρὸς ἐγεννήθησαν οὕτως, καὶ εἰσὶν εὐνοῦχοι οἵτινες εὐνουχίσθησαν ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων, καὶ εἰσὶν εὐνοῦχοι οἵτινες εὐνούχισαν ἑαυτοὺς διὰ τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν. ὁ δυνάμενος χωρεῖν χωρείτω.

eisin gar eynoychoi oitines ek koilias metros egennethesan oytos, kai eisin eynoychoi oitines eynoychisthesan ypo ton anthropon, kai eisin eynoychoi oitines eynoychisan eaytoys dia ten basileian ton oyranon. o dynamenos chorein choreito.

KJV: For there are some eunuchs, which were so born from their mother’s womb: and there are some eunuchs, which were made eunuchs of men: and there be eunuchs, which have made themselves eunuchs for the kingdom of heaven’s sake. He that is able to receive it, let him receive it.

AKJV: For there are some eunuchs, which were so born from their mother’s womb: and there are some eunuchs, which were made eunuchs of men: and there be eunuchs, which have made themselves eunuchs for the kingdom of heaven’s sake. He that is able to receive it, let him receive it. ¶

ASV: For there are eunuchs, that were so born from their mother’s womb: and there are eunuchs, that were made eunuchs by men: and there are eunuchs, that made themselves eunuchs for the kingdom of heaven’s sake. He that is able to receive it, let him receive it.

YLT: for there are eunuchs who from the mother's womb were so born; and there are eunuchs who were made eunuchs by men; and there are eunuchs who kept themselves eunuchs because of the reign of the heavens: he who is able to receive it --let him receive.'

Exposition: Matthew 19:12 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For there are some eunuchs, which were so born from their mother’s womb: and there are some eunuchs, which were made eunuchs of men: and there be eunuchs, which have made themselves eunuchs for the kingdom of heaven’s...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:13

Greek

Τότε ⸀προσηνέχθησαν αὐτῷ παιδία ἵνα τὰς χεῖρας ἐπιθῇ αὐτοῖς καὶ προσεύξηται· οἱ δὲ μαθηταὶ ἐπετίμησαν αὐτοῖς.

Tote prosenechthesan ayto paidia ina tas cheiras epithe aytois kai proseyxetai· oi de mathetai epetimesan aytois.

KJV: Then were there brought unto him little children, that he should put his hands on them, and pray: and the disciples rebuked them.

AKJV: Then were there brought to him little children, that he should put his hands on them, and pray: and the disciples rebuked them.

ASV: Then were there brought unto him little children, that he should lay his hands on them, and pray: and the disciples rebuked them.

YLT: Then were brought near to him children that he might put hands on them and pray, and the disciples rebuked them.

Exposition: Matthew 19:13 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then were there brought unto him little children, that he should put his hands on them, and pray: and the disciples rebuked them.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:14

Greek

ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν· Ἄφετε τὰ παιδία καὶ μὴ κωλύετε αὐτὰ ἐλθεῖν πρός με, τῶν γὰρ τοιούτων ἐστὶν ἡ βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν.

o de Iesoys eipen· Aphete ta paidia kai me kolyete ayta elthein pros me, ton gar toioyton estin e basileia ton oyranon.

KJV: But Jesus said, Suffer little children, and forbid them not, to come unto me: for of such is the kingdom of heaven.

AKJV: But Jesus said, Suffer little children, and forbid them not, to come to me: for of such is the kingdom of heaven.

ASV: But Jesus said, Suffer the little children, and forbid them not, to come unto me: for to such belongeth the kingdom of heaven.

YLT: But Jesus said, `Suffer the children, and forbid them not, to come unto me, for of such is the reign of the heavens;'

Exposition: Matthew 19:14 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But Jesus said, Suffer little children, and forbid them not, to come unto me: for of such is the kingdom of heaven.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:15

Greek

καὶ ἐπιθεὶς ⸂τὰς χεῖρας αὐτοῖς⸃ ἐπορεύθη ἐκεῖθεν.

kai epitheis tas cheiras aytois eporeythe ekeithen.

KJV: And he laid his hands on them, and departed thence.

AKJV: And he laid his hands on them, and departed there. ¶

ASV: And he laid his hands on them, and departed thence.

YLT: and having laid on them his hands, he departed thence.

Exposition: Matthew 19:15 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he laid his hands on them, and departed thence.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:16

Greek

Καὶ ἰδοὺ εἷς προσελθὼν ⸂αὐτῷ εἶπεν⸃· ⸀Διδάσκαλε, τί ἀγαθὸν ποιήσω ἵνα ⸀σχῶ ζωὴν αἰώνιον;

Kai idoy eis proselthon ayto eipen· Didaskale, ti agathon poieso ina scho zoen aionion;

KJV: And, behold, one came and said unto him, Good Master, what good thing shall I do, that I may have eternal life?

AKJV: And, behold, one came and said to him, Good Master, what good thing shall I do, that I may have eternal life?

ASV: And behold, one came to him and said, Teacher, what good thing shall I do, that I may have eternal life?

YLT: And lo, one having come near, said to him, `Good teacher, what good thing shall I do, that I may have life age-during?'

Exposition: Matthew 19:16 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And, behold, one came and said unto him, Good Master, what good thing shall I do, that I may have eternal life?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:17

Greek

ὁ δὲ εἶπεν αὐτῷ· Τί με ⸂ἐρωτᾷς περὶ τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ; εἷς ἐστιν ὁ ἀγαθός⸃· εἰ δὲ θέλεις ⸂εἰς τὴν ζωὴν εἰσελθεῖν⸃, ⸀τήρησον τὰς ἐντολάς.

o de eipen ayto· Ti me erotas peri toy agathoy; eis estin o agathos· ei de theleis eis ten zoen eiselthein, tereson tas entolas.

KJV: And he said unto him, Why callest thou me good? there is none good but one, that is, God: but if thou wilt enter into life, keep the commandments.

AKJV: And he said to him, Why call you me good? there is none good but one, that is, God: but if you will enter into life, keep the commandments.

ASV: And he said unto him, Why askest thou me concerning that which is good? One there is who is good: but if thou wouldest enter into life, keep the commandments.

YLT: And he said to him, `Why me dost thou call good? no one is good except One--God; but if thou dost will to enter into the life, keep the commands.'

Exposition: Matthew 19:17 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he said unto him, Why callest thou me good? there is none good but one, that is, God: but if thou wilt enter into life, keep the commandments.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:18

Greek

λέγει αὐτῷ· Ποίας; ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς ⸀εἶπεν· Τὸ Οὐ φονεύσεις, Οὐ μοιχεύσεις, Οὐ κλέψεις, Οὐ ψευδομαρτυρήσεις,

legei ayto· Poias; o de Iesoys eipen· To Oy phoneyseis, Oy moicheyseis, Oy klepseis, Oy pseydomartyreseis,

KJV: He saith unto him, Which? Jesus said, Thou shalt do no murder, Thou shalt not commit adultery, Thou shalt not steal, Thou shalt not bear false witness,

AKJV: He says to him, Which? Jesus said, You shall do no murder, You shall not commit adultery, You shall not steal, You shall not bear false witness,

ASV: He saith unto him, Which? And Jesus said, Thou shalt not kill, Thou shalt not commit adultery, Thou shalt not steal, Thou shalt not bear false witness,

YLT: He saith to him, What kind?' And Jesus said, Thou shalt not kill, thou shalt not commit adultery, thou shalt not steal, thou shalt not bear false witness,

Exposition: Matthew 19:18 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'He saith unto him, Which? Jesus said, Thou shalt do no murder, Thou shalt not commit adultery, Thou shalt not steal, Thou shalt not bear false witness,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:19

Greek

Τίμα τὸν πατέρα καὶ τὴν μητέρα, καὶ Ἀγαπήσεις τὸν πλησίον σου ὡς σεαυτόν.

Tima ton patera kai ten metera, kai Agapeseis ton plesion soy os seayton.

KJV: Honour thy father and thy mother: and, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.

AKJV: Honor your father and your mother: and, You shall love your neighbor as yourself.

ASV: Honor thy father and thy mother; and, Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself.

YLT: honour thy father and mother, and, thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.'

Exposition: Matthew 19:19 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Honour thy father and thy mother: and, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:20

Greek

λέγει αὐτῷ ὁ νεανίσκος· ⸂Πάντα ταῦτα⸃ ⸀ἐφύλαξα· τί ἔτι ὑστερῶ;

legei ayto o neaniskos· Panta tayta ephylaxa· ti eti ystero;

KJV: The young man saith unto him, All these things have I kept from my youth up: what lack I yet?

AKJV: The young man says to him, All these things have I kept from my youth up: what lack I yet?

ASV: The young man saith unto him, All these things have I observed: what lack I yet?

YLT: The young man saith to him, `All these did I keep from my youth; what yet do I lack?'

Exposition: Matthew 19:20 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'The young man saith unto him, All these things have I kept from my youth up: what lack I yet?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:21

Greek

ἔφη αὐτῷ ὁ Ἰησοῦς· Εἰ θέλεις τέλειος εἶναι, ὕπαγε πώλησόν σου τὰ ὑπάρχοντα καὶ ⸀δὸς πτωχοῖς, καὶ ἕξεις θησαυρὸν ἐν ⸀οὐρανοῖς, καὶ δεῦρο ἀκολούθει μοι.

ephe ayto o Iesoys· Ei theleis teleios einai, ypage poleson soy ta yparchonta kai dos ptochois, kai exeis thesayron en oyranois, kai deyro akoloythei moi.

KJV: Jesus said unto him, If thou wilt be perfect, go and sell that thou hast, and give to the poor, and thou shalt have treasure in heaven: and come and follow me.

AKJV: Jesus said to him, If you will be perfect, go and sell that you have, and give to the poor, and you shall have treasure in heaven: and come and follow me.

ASV: Jesus said unto him, If thou wouldest be perfect, go, sell that which thou hast, and give to the poor, and thou shalt have treasure in heaven: and come, follow me.

YLT: Jesus said to him, `If thou dost will to be perfect, go away, sell what thou hast, and give to the poor, and thou shalt have treasure in heaven, and come, follow me.'

Exposition: Matthew 19:21 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Jesus said unto him, If thou wilt be perfect, go and sell that thou hast, and give to the poor, and thou shalt have treasure in heaven: and come and follow me.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:22

Greek

ἀκούσας δὲ ὁ νεανίσκος τὸν ⸀λόγον ἀπῆλθεν λυπούμενος, ἦν γὰρ ἔχων κτήματα πολλά.

akoysas de o neaniskos ton logon apelthen lypoymenos, en gar echon ktemata polla.

KJV: But when the young man heard that saying, he went away sorrowful: for he had great possessions.

AKJV: But when the young man heard that saying, he went away sorrowful: for he had great possessions. ¶

ASV: But when the young man heard the saying, he went away sorrowful; for he was one that had great possessions.

YLT: And the young man, having heard the word, went away sorrowful, for he had many possessions;

Exposition: Matthew 19:22 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But when the young man heard that saying, he went away sorrowful: for he had great possessions.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:23

Greek

Ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν τοῖς μαθηταῖς αὐτοῦ· Ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν ὅτι ⸂πλούσιος δυσκόλως⸃ εἰσελεύσεται εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν·

O de Iesoys eipen tois mathetais aytoy· Amen lego ymin oti ploysios dyskolos eiseleysetai eis ten basileian ton oyranon·

KJV: Then said Jesus unto his disciples, Verily I say unto you, That a rich man shall hardly enter into the kingdom of heaven.

AKJV: Then said Jesus to his disciples, Truly I say to you, That a rich man shall hardly enter into the kingdom of heaven.

ASV: And Jesus said unto his disciples, Verily I say unto you, It is hard for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of heaven.

YLT: and Jesus said to his disciples, `Verily I say to you, that hardly shall a rich man enter into the reign of the heavens;

Exposition: Matthew 19:23 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then said Jesus unto his disciples, Verily I say unto you, That a rich man shall hardly enter into the kingdom of heaven.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:24

Greek

πάλιν δὲ λέγω ὑμῖν, εὐκοπώτερόν ἐστιν κάμηλον διὰ ⸀τρυπήματος ῥαφίδος ⸀εἰσελθεῖν ἢ πλούσιον ⸂εἰς τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ θεοῦ⸃.

palin de lego ymin, eykopoteron estin kamelon dia trypematos raphidos eiselthein e ploysion eis ten basileian toy theoy.

KJV: And again I say unto you, It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle, than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God.

AKJV: And again I say to you, It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle, than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God.

ASV: And again I say unto you, It is easier for a camel to go through a needle’s eye, than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God.

YLT: and again I say to you, it is easier for a camel through the eye of a needle to go, than for a rich man to enter into the reign of God.'

Exposition: Matthew 19:24 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And again I say unto you, It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle, than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:25

Greek

ἀκούσαντες δὲ οἱ ⸀μαθηταὶ ἐξεπλήσσοντο σφόδρα λέγοντες· Τίς ἄρα δύναται σωθῆναι;

akoysantes de oi mathetai exeplessonto sphodra legontes· Tis ara dynatai sothenai;

KJV: When his disciples heard it, they were exceedingly amazed, saying, Who then can be saved?

AKJV: When his disciples heard it, they were exceedingly amazed, saying, Who then can be saved?

ASV: And when the disciples heard it, they were astonished exceedingly, saying, Who then can be saved?

YLT: And his disciples having heard, were amazed exceedingly, saying, `Who, then, is able to be saved?'

Exposition: Matthew 19:25 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'When his disciples heard it, they were exceedingly amazed, saying, Who then can be saved?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:26

Greek

ἐμβλέψας δὲ ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· Παρὰ ἀνθρώποις τοῦτο ἀδύνατόν ἐστιν, παρὰ δὲ θεῷ πάντα δυνατά.

emblepsas de o Iesoys eipen aytois· Para anthropois toyto adynaton estin, para de theo panta dynata.

KJV: But Jesus beheld them, and said unto them, With men this is impossible; but with God all things are possible.

AKJV: But Jesus beheld them, and said to them, With men this is impossible; but with God all things are possible. ¶

ASV: And Jesus looking upon them said to them, With men this is impossible; but with God all things are possible.

YLT: And Jesus having earnestly beheld, said to them, `With men this is impossible, but with God all things are possible.'

Exposition: Matthew 19:26 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But Jesus beheld them, and said unto them, With men this is impossible; but with God all things are possible.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:27

Greek

Τότε ἀποκριθεὶς ὁ Πέτρος εἶπεν αὐτῷ· Ἰδοὺ ἡμεῖς ἀφήκαμεν πάντα καὶ ἠκολουθήσαμέν σοι· τί ἄρα ἔσται ἡμῖν;

Tote apokritheis o Petros eipen ayto· Idoy emeis aphekamen panta kai ekoloythesamen soi· ti ara estai emin;

KJV: Then answered Peter and said unto him, Behold, we have forsaken all, and followed thee; what shall we have therefore?

AKJV: Then answered Peter and said to him, Behold, we have forsaken all, and followed you; what shall we have therefore?

ASV: Then answered Peter and said unto him, Lo, we have left all, and followed thee; what then shall we have?

YLT: Then Peter answering said to him, `Lo, we did leave all, and follow thee, what then shall we have?'

Exposition: Matthew 19:27 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then answered Peter and said unto him, Behold, we have forsaken all, and followed thee; what shall we have therefore?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:28

Greek

ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· Ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν ὅτι ὑμεῖς οἱ ἀκολουθήσαντές μοι ἐν τῇ παλιγγενεσίᾳ, ὅταν καθίσῃ ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐπὶ θρόνου δόξης αὐτοῦ, ⸀καθήσεσθε καὶ ⸀ὑμεῖς ἐπὶ δώδεκα θρόνους κρίνοντες τὰς δώδεκα φυλὰς τοῦ Ἰσραήλ.

o de Iesoys eipen aytois· Amen lego ymin oti ymeis oi akoloythesantes moi en te paliggenesia, otan kathise o yios toy anthropoy epi thronoy doxes aytoy, kathesesthe kai ymeis epi dodeka thronoys krinontes tas dodeka phylas toy Israel.

KJV: And Jesus said unto them, Verily I say unto you, That ye which have followed me, in the regeneration when the Son of man shall sit in the throne of his glory, ye also shall sit upon twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.

AKJV: And Jesus said to them, Truly I say to you, That you which have followed me, in the regeneration when the Son of man shall sit in the throne of his glory, you also shall sit on twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.

ASV: And Jesus said unto them, Verily I say unto you, that ye who have followed me, in the regeneration when the Son of man shall sit on the throne of his glory, ye also shall sit upon twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.

YLT: And Jesus said to them, `Verily I say to you, that ye who did follow me, in the regeneration, when the Son of Man may sit upon a throne of his glory, shall sit--ye also--upon twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel;

Exposition: Matthew 19:28 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Jesus said unto them, Verily I say unto you, That ye which have followed me, in the regeneration when the Son of man shall sit in the throne of his glory, ye also shall sit upon twelve thrones, judging the twelve...'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:29

Greek

καὶ πᾶς ⸀ὅστις ἀφῆκεν ⸂οἰκίας ἢ⸃ ἀδελφοὺς ἢ ἀδελφὰς ἢ πατέρα ἢ μητέρα ἢ ⸂γυναῖκα ἢ⸃ τέκνα ἢ ⸀ἀγροὺς ἕνεκεν τοῦ ⸂ὀνόματός μου⸃, ⸀ἑκατονταπλασίονα λήμψεται καὶ ζωὴν αἰώνιον κληρονομήσει.

kai pas ostis apheken oikias e adelphoys e adelphas e patera e metera e gynaika e tekna e agroys eneken toy onomatos moy, ekatontaplasiona lempsetai kai zoen aionion kleronomesei.

KJV: And every one that hath forsaken houses, or brethren, or sisters, or father, or mother, or wife, or children, or lands, for my name’s sake, shall receive an hundredfold, and shall inherit everlasting life.

AKJV: And every one that has forsaken houses, or brothers, or sisters, or father, or mother, or wife, or children, or lands, for my name’s sake, shall receive an hundred times, and shall inherit everlasting life.

ASV: And every one that hath left houses, or brethren, or sisters, or father, or mother, or children, or lands, for my name’s sake, shall receive a hundredfold, and shall inherit eternal life.

YLT: and every one who left houses, or brothers, or sisters, or father, or mother, or wife, or children, or fields, for my name's sake, an hundredfold shall receive, and life age-during shall inherit;

Exposition: Matthew 19:29 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And every one that hath forsaken houses, or brethren, or sisters, or father, or mother, or wife, or children, or lands, for my name’s sake, shall receive an hundredfold, and shall inherit everlasting life.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 19:30

Greek

πολλοὶ δὲ ἔσονται πρῶτοι ἔσχατοι καὶ ἔσχατοι πρῶτοι.

polloi de esontai protoi eschatoi kai eschatoi protoi.

KJV: But many that are first shall be last; and the last shall be first.

AKJV: But many that are first shall be last; and the last shall be first.

ASV: But many shall be last that are first; and first that are last.

YLT: and many first shall be last, and last first.

Exposition: Matthew 19:30 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But many that are first shall be last; and the last shall be first.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes

• Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.

• Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.

• Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.