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Apologetics Bible

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Layer 04
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Apologetics exposition helps trace how passages function in canonical argument, what doctrinal claims they touch, and how themes connect across the 66 books.

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Published chapter Reader summary first Matthew live Chapter 22 of 28 46 verse waypoints 46 commentary witnesses

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Matthew 22 — Matthew 22

Connected primary witness
  • Connected ID: Matthew_22
  • Primary Witness Text: And Jesus answered and spake unto them again by parables, and said, The kingdom of heaven is like unto a certain king, which made a marriage for his son, And sent forth his servants to call them that were bidden to the wedding: and they would not come. Again, he sent forth other servants, saying, Tell them which are bidden, Behold, I have prepared my dinner: my oxen and my fatlings are killed, and all things are ready: come unto the marriage. But they made light of it, and went their ways, one to his farm, another to his merchandise: And the remnant took his servants, and entreated them spitefully, and slew them. But when the king heard thereof, he was wroth: and he sent forth his armies, and destroyed those murderers, and burned up their city. Then saith he to his servants, The wedding is ready, but they which were bidden were not worthy. Go ye therefore into the highways, and as many as ye shall find, bid to the marriage. So those servants went out into the highways, and gathered together all as many as they found, both bad and good: and the wedding was furnished with guests. And when the king came in to see the guests, he saw there a man which had not on a wedding garment: And he saith unto him, Friend, how camest thou in hither not having a wedding garment? And he was speechless. Then said the king to the servants, Bind him hand and foot, and take him away, and cast him into outer darkness; there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. For many are called, but few are cho...

Connected dataset overlay
  • Connected ID: Matthew_22
  • Chapter Blob Preview: And Jesus answered and spake unto them again by parables, and said, The kingdom of heaven is like unto a certain king, which made a marriage for his son, And sent forth his servants to call them that were bidden to the wedding: and they would not come. Again, he sent forth other servants, saying, Tell them which are bidden, Behold, I have prepared my dinner: my oxen and my fatl...

Chapter frameStart here before opening notes.

Chapter frame

Matthew, written c. AD 50-60 for a primarily Jewish audience, is structured around five great discourse blocks — echoing the five books of Moses and presenting Jesus as the new and greater Moses, the fulfillment of the Torah rather than its abolition (5:17).

Matthew is the most OT-citation-dense Gospel (~65 explicit citations plus hundreds of allusions), consistently showing fulfillment of OT Scripture. Its opening genealogy (1:1-17) traces the Davidic-Abrahamic covenant line, establishing Jesus' legal right to the Messianic throne. Matthew's Sermon on the Mount (chs. 5-7) remains the most complete statement of Kingdom ethics in ancient literature.


Verse-by-verse study laneOpen only when you are ready for notes and witnesses.

Verse-by-verse study lane

Matthew 22:1

Greek
Καὶ ἀποκριθεὶς ὁ Ἰησοῦς πάλιν εἶπεν ⸂ἐν παραβολαῖς αὐτοῖς⸃ λέγων·

Kai apokritheis o Iesoys palin eipen en parabolais aytois legon·

KJV: And Jesus answered and spake unto them again by parables, and said,

AKJV: And Jesus answered and spoke to them again by parables, and said,

ASV: And Jesus answered and spake again in parables unto them, saying,

YLT: And Jesus answering, again spake to them in similes, saying,

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:1
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:1

Quoted commentary witness

The parable of the marriage of a king's son, Mat 22:1-14. The Pharisees and Herodians question him concerning the lawfulness of paying tribute to Caesar, Mat 22:15-22. The Sadducees question him concerning the resurrection, Mat 22:23-33. A lawyer questions him concerning the greatest commandment in the law, Mat 22:34-40. He asks them their opinion of the Christ, and confounds them, Mat 22:41-46.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:1

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Mat 22:1-14
  • Mat 22:15-22
  • Mat 22:23-33
  • Mat 22:34-40
  • Mat 22:41-46

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Caesar
  • Christ

Exposition: Matthew 22:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Jesus answered and spake unto them again by parables, and said,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:2

Greek
Ὡμοιώθη ἡ βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν ἀνθρώπῳ βασιλεῖ, ὅστις ἐποίησεν γάμους τῷ υἱῷ αὐτοῦ.

Omoiothe e basileia ton oyranon anthropo basilei, ostis epoiesen gamoys to yio aytoy.

KJV: The kingdom of heaven is like unto a certain king, which made a marriage for his son,

AKJV: The kingdom of heaven is like to a certain king, which made a marriage for his son,

ASV: The kingdom of heaven is likened unto a certain king, who made a marriage feast for his son,

YLT: `The reign of the heavens was likened to a man, a king, who made marriage-feasts for his son,

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:2
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:2

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 2 The kingdom of heaven - In Bereshith Rabba, sect. 62. fol. 60, there is a parable very similar to this, and another still more so in Sohar. Levit. fol. 40. But these rabbinical parables are vastly ennobled by passing through the hands of our Lord. It appears from Luke, Luk 14:15; etc., that it was at an entertainment that this parable was originally spoken. It was a constant practice of our Lord to take the subjects of his discourses from the persons present, or from the circumstances of times, persons, and places. See Mat 16:6; Joh 4:7-10; Joh 6:26, Joh 6:27; Joh 7:37. A preacher that can do so can never be at a loss for text or sermon. A marriage for his son - A marriage feast, so the word γαμους properly means. Or a feast of inauguration, when his son was put in possession of the government, and thus he and his new subjects became married together. See 1Kgs 1:5-9, 1Kgs 1:19, 1Kgs 1:25, etc., where such a feast is mentioned. From this parable it appears plain, 1. That the King means the great God. 2. His Son, the Lord Jesus. 3. The Marriage, his incarnation, or espousing human nature, by taking it into union with himself. 4. The Marriage Feast, the economy of the Gospel, during which men are invited to partake of the blessings purchased by, and consequent on, the incarnation and death of our blessed Lord. 5. By those who Had Been bidden, or invited, Mat 22:3, are meant the Jews in general, who had this union of Christ with human nature, and his sacrifice for sin, pointed out by various rites, ceremonies, and sacrifices under the law; and who, by all the prophets, had been constantly invited to believe in and receive the promised Messiah. 6. By the Servants, we are to understand the first preachers of the Gospel, proclaiming salvation to the Jews. John the Baptist and the seventy disciples (Luk 10:1), may be here particularly intended. 7. By the Other Servants, Mat 22:4, the apostles seem to be meant, who, though they were to preach the Gospel to the whole world, yet were to begin at Jerusalem (Luk 24:47) with the first offers of mercy. 8. By their making light of it, etc., Mat 22:5, is pointed out their neglect of this salvation, and their preferring secular enjoyments, etc., to the kingdom of Christ. 9. By injuriously using some, and slaying others, of his servants, Mat 22:6, is pointed out the persecution raised against the apostles by the Jews, in which some of them were martyred. 10. By sending forth his troops, Mat 22:7, is meant the commission given to the Romans against Judea; and, burning up their city, the total destruction of Jerusalem by Titus, the son of Vespasian, which happened about forty-one years after. On this parable it is necessary to remark, 1. That man was made at first in union with God. 2. That sin entered in, and separated between God and man. 3. That as there can be no holiness but in union with God, and no heaven without holiness, therefore he provided a way to reconcile and reunite man to himself. 4. This was effected by Christ's uniting himself to human nature, and giving his Spirit to those who believe. 5. That as the marriage union is the closest, the most intimate, solemn, and excellent, of all the connections formed among mortals, and that they who are thus united in the Lord are one flesh; so that mystical union which is formed between God and the soul through Jesus Christ, by the Eternal Spirit, is the closest, most intimate, solemn, and excellent, that can be conceived; for he who is thus joined unto the Lord is one spirit. 6. This contract is made freely: no man can be forced to it, for it is a union of will to will, heart to heart; and it is by willing and consenting that we come unto God through his Son. 7. That if this marriage do not take place here, an eternal separation from God, and from the glory of his power, shall be the fearful consequence. 8. That there are three states in which men run the risk of living without God and losing their souls. 1st. That of a soft, idle, voluptuous life, wherein a man thinks of nothing but quietly to enjoy life, conveniences, riches, private pleasures, and public diversions. They made light of it. 2dly. That of a man wholly taken up with agricultural or commercial employments, in which the love of riches, and application to the means of acquiring them, generally stifle all thoughts of salvation. One went to his own field, and another to his traffic. 3dly. That of a man who is openly unjust, violent, and outrageously wicked, who is a sinner by profession, and not only neglects his salvation, but injuriously treats all those who bring him the Gospel of reconciliation. Seizing his servants, they treated them injuriously, etc.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:2

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Mat 16:6
  • Joh 4:7-10
  • Joh 6:26
  • Joh 6:27
  • Joh 7:37
  • 1Kgs 1:5-9
  • 1Kgs 1:19
  • 1Kgs 1:25
  • Mat 22:3
  • Mat 22:4
  • Mat 22:5
  • Mat 22:6
  • Mat 22:7

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Ovid
  • Jesus
  • In Bereshith Rabba
  • Sohar
  • Levit
  • Lord
  • Luke
  • His Son
  • Lord Jesus
  • The Marriage
  • The Marriage Feast
  • Gospel
  • Messiah
  • Servants
  • Jews
  • Other Servants
  • Christ
  • Judea
  • Titus
  • Vespasian
  • Jesus Christ
  • Eternal Spirit
  • Son

Exposition: Matthew 22:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'The kingdom of heaven is like unto a certain king, which made a marriage for his son,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:3

Greek
καὶ ἀπέστειλεν τοὺς δούλους αὐτοῦ καλέσαι τοὺς κεκλημένους εἰς τοὺς γάμους, καὶ οὐκ ἤθελον ἐλθεῖν.

kai apesteilen toys doyloys aytoy kalesai toys keklemenoys eis toys gamoys, kai oyk ethelon elthein.

KJV: And sent forth his servants to call them that were bidden to the wedding: and they would not come.

AKJV: And sent forth his servants to call them that were bidden to the wedding: and they would not come.

ASV: and sent forth his servants to call them that were bidden to the marriage feast: and they would not come.

YLT: and he sent forth his servants to call those having been called to the marriage-feasts, and they were not willing to come.

Commentary Witness (Generated)Matthew 22:3
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Matthew 22:3

Generated editorial synthesis

Matthew 22:3 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And sent forth his servants to call them that were bidden to the wedding: and they would not come.'. A close Koine Greek reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:3

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Matthew 22:3

Exposition: Matthew 22:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And sent forth his servants to call them that were bidden to the wedding: and they would not come.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:4

Greek
πάλιν ἀπέστειλεν ἄλλους δούλους λέγων· Εἴπατε τοῖς κεκλημένοις· Ἰδοὺ τὸ ἄριστόν μου ⸀ἡτοίμακα, οἱ ταῦροί μου καὶ τὰ σιτιστὰ τεθυμένα, καὶ πάντα ἕτοιμα· δεῦτε εἰς τοὺς γάμους.

palin apesteilen alloys doyloys legon· Eipate tois keklemenois· Idoy to ariston moy etoimaka, oi tayroi moy kai ta sitista tethymena, kai panta etoima· deyte eis toys gamoys.

KJV: Again, he sent forth other servants, saying, Tell them which are bidden, Behold, I have prepared my dinner: my oxen and my fatlings are killed, and all things are ready: come unto the marriage.

AKJV: Again, he sent forth other servants, saying, Tell them which are bidden, Behold, I have prepared my dinner: my oxen and my fatted calves are killed, and all things are ready: come to the marriage.

ASV: Again he sent forth other servants, saying, Tell them that are bidden, Behold, I have made ready my dinner; my oxen and my fatlings are killed, and all things are ready: come to the marriage feast.

YLT: `Again he sent forth other servants, saying, Say to those who have been called: Lo, my dinner I prepared, my oxen and the fatlings have been killed, and all things are ready, come ye to the marriage-feasts;

Commentary Witness (Generated)Matthew 22:4
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Matthew 22:4

Generated editorial synthesis

Matthew 22:4 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Again, he sent forth other servants, saying, Tell them which are bidden, Behold, I have prepared my dinner: my oxen and my fatlings are killed, and all things are ready: come unto the marriage.'. A close Koine Greek reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:4

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Matthew 22:4

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Again
  • Behold

Exposition: Matthew 22:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Again, he sent forth other servants, saying, Tell them which are bidden, Behold, I have prepared my dinner: my oxen and my fatlings are killed, and all things are ready: come unto the marriage.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:5

Greek
οἱ δὲ ἀμελήσαντες ἀπῆλθον, ⸀ὃς μὲν εἰς τὸν ἴδιον ἀγρόν, ⸁ὃς δὲ ⸀ἐπὶ τὴν ἐμπορίαν αὐτοῦ·

oi de amelesantes apelthon, os men eis ton idion agron, os de epi ten emporian aytoy·

KJV: But they made light of it, and went their ways, one to his farm, another to his merchandise:

AKJV: But they made light of it, and went their ways, one to his farm, another to his merchandise:

ASV: But they made light of it, and went their ways, one to his own farm, another to his merchandise;

YLT: and they, having disregarded it , went away, the one to his own field, and the other to his merchandise;

Commentary Witness (Generated)Matthew 22:5
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Matthew 22:5

Generated editorial synthesis

Matthew 22:5 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'But they made light of it, and went their ways, one to his farm, another to his merchandise:'. A close Koine Greek reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:5

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Matthew 22:5

Exposition: Matthew 22:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But they made light of it, and went their ways, one to his farm, another to his merchandise:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:6

Greek
οἱ δὲ λοιποὶ κρατήσαντες τοὺς δούλους αὐτοῦ ὕβρισαν καὶ ἀπέκτειναν.

oi de loipoi kratesantes toys doyloys aytoy ybrisan kai apekteinan.

KJV: And the remnant took his servants, and entreated them spitefully, and slew them.

AKJV: And the remnant took his servants, and entreated them spitefully, and slew them.

ASV: and the rest laid hold on his servants, and treated them shamefully, and killed them.

YLT: and the rest, having laid hold on his servants, did insult and slay them .

Commentary Witness (Generated)Matthew 22:6
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Matthew 22:6

Generated editorial synthesis

Matthew 22:6 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And the remnant took his servants, and entreated them spitefully, and slew them.'. A close Koine Greek reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:6

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Matthew 22:6

Exposition: Matthew 22:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the remnant took his servants, and entreated them spitefully, and slew them.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:7

Greek
⸂ὁ δὲ βασιλεὺς⸃ ὠργίσθη, καὶ πέμψας τὰ στρατεύματα αὐτοῦ ἀπώλεσεν τοὺς φονεῖς ἐκείνους καὶ τὴν πόλιν αὐτῶν ἐνέπρησεν.

o de basileys orgisthe, kai pempsas ta strateymata aytoy apolesen toys phoneis ekeinoys kai ten polin ayton enepresen.

KJV: But when the king heard thereof, he was wroth: and he sent forth his armies, and destroyed those murderers, and burned up their city.

AKJV: But when the king heard thereof, he was wroth: and he sent forth his armies, and destroyed those murderers, and burned up their city.

ASV: But the king was wroth; and he sent his armies, and destroyed those murderers, and burned their city.

YLT: `And the king having heard, was wroth, and having sent forth his soldiers, he destroyed those murderers, and their city he set on fire;

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:7
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:7

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 7 But when the king - Himself or, this very king. I have added εκεινος on the authority of nine of the most ancient MSS. and nearly one hundred others; the later Syriac, six copies of the Itala, and some of the fathers. Several printed editions have it, and Griesbach has received it into the text.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:7

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Syriac
  • Itala

Exposition: Matthew 22:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But when the king heard thereof, he was wroth: and he sent forth his armies, and destroyed those murderers, and burned up their city.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:8

Greek
τότε λέγει τοῖς δούλοις αὐτοῦ· Ὁ μὲν γάμος ἕτοιμός ἐστιν, οἱ δὲ κεκλημένοι οὐκ ἦσαν ἄξιοι·

tote legei tois doylois aytoy· O men gamos etoimos estin, oi de keklemenoi oyk esan axioi·

KJV: Then saith he to his servants, The wedding is ready, but they which were bidden were not worthy.

AKJV: Then says he to his servants, The wedding is ready, but they which were bidden were not worthy.

ASV: Then saith he to his servants, The wedding is ready, but they that were bidden were not worthy.

YLT: then saith he to his servants, The marriage-feast indeed is ready, and those called were not worthy,

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:8
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:8

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 8 Were not worthy - Because they made light of it, and would not come; preferring earthly things to heavenly blessings. Among the Mohammedans, refusal to come to a marriage feast, when invited, is considered a breach of the law of God. Hedayah, vol. iv. p. 91. Any one that shall be invited to a dinner, and does not accept the invitation, disobeys God, and his messenger: and any one who comes uninvited, you may say is a thief, and returns a plunderer. - Mischat ul Mesabih. It was probably considered in this light among all the oriental nations. This observation is necessary, in order to point out more forcibly the iniquity of the refusal mentioned in the text. A man may be said to be worthy of, or fit for, this marriage feast, when, feeling his wretchedness and misery, he comes to God in the way appointed, to get an entrance into the holiest, by the blood of Jesus.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:8

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Jesus
  • Mohammedans
  • Hedayah
  • Mesabih

Exposition: Matthew 22:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then saith he to his servants, The wedding is ready, but they which were bidden were not worthy.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:9

Greek
πορεύεσθε οὖν ἐπὶ τὰς διεξόδους τῶν ὁδῶν, καὶ ὅσους ⸀ἐὰν εὕρητε καλέσατε εἰς τοὺς γάμους.

poreyesthe oyn epi tas diexodoys ton odon, kai osoys ean eyrete kalesate eis toys gamoys.

KJV: Go ye therefore into the highways, and as many as ye shall find, bid to the marriage.

AKJV: Go you therefore into the highways, and as many as you shall find, bid to the marriage.

ASV: Go ye therefore unto the partings of the highways, and as many as ye shall find, bid to the marriage feast.

YLT: be going, then, on to the cross-ways, and as many as ye may find, call ye to the marriage-feasts.

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:9
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:9

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 9 Go ye therefore into the highways - Διεξοδους των οδων, cross or by-paths; the places where two or more roads met in one, leading into the city, where people were coming together from various quarters of the country. St. Luke adds hedges, to point out the people to whom the apostles were sent, as either miserable vagabonds, or the most indigent poor, who were wandering about the country, or sitting by the sides of the ways and hedges, imploring relief. This verse points out the final rejection of the Jews, and the calling of the Gentiles. It was a custom among the Jews, when a rich man made a feast, to go out and invite in all destitute travelers. See in Rab. Beracoth, fol. 43. As many as ye shall find, bid to the marriage - God sends his salvation to every soul, that all may believe and be saved.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:9

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • St
  • Jews
  • Gentiles
  • Rab
  • Beracoth

Exposition: Matthew 22:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Go ye therefore into the highways, and as many as ye shall find, bid to the marriage.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:10

Greek
καὶ ἐξελθόντες οἱ δοῦλοι ἐκεῖνοι εἰς τὰς ὁδοὺς συνήγαγον πάντας ⸀οὓς εὗρον, πονηρούς τε καὶ ἀγαθούς· καὶ ἐπλήσθη ὁ ⸀γάμος ἀνακειμένων.

kai exelthontes oi doyloi ekeinoi eis tas odoys synegagon pantas oys eyron, poneroys te kai agathoys· kai eplesthe o gamos anakeimenon.

KJV: So those servants went out into the highways, and gathered together all as many as they found, both bad and good: and the wedding was furnished with guests.

AKJV: So those servants went out into the highways, and gathered together all as many as they found, both bad and good: and the wedding was furnished with guests. ¶

ASV: And those servants went out into the highways, and gathered together all as many as they found, both bad and good: and the wedding was filled with guests.

YLT: `And those servants, having gone forth to the ways, did gather all, as many as they found, both bad and good, and the marriage-feast apartment was filled with those reclining.

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:10
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:10

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 10 Gathered together all - both bad and good - By the preaching of the Gospel, multitudes of souls are gathered into what is generally termed the visible Church of Christ. This Church is the Floor, where the wheat and the chaff are often mingled, Mat 3:12. The Field, where the bastard wheat and the true grain grow together, Mat 13:26, Mat 13:27. The Net, which collects of all kinds, both good and bad, Mat 13:48. The House in which the wise and foolish are found, Mat 25:1, etc. And the Fold, in which there are both sheep and goats, Mat 25:33; etc.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:10

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Mat 3:12
  • Mat 13:26
  • Mat 13:27
  • Mat 13:48
  • Mat 25:1
  • Mat 25:33

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Gospel
  • Christ
  • Floor
  • The Field
  • The Net
  • Fold

Exposition: Matthew 22:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'So those servants went out into the highways, and gathered together all as many as they found, both bad and good: and the wedding was furnished with guests.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:11

Greek
εἰσελθὼν δὲ ὁ βασιλεὺς θεάσασθαι τοὺς ἀνακειμένους εἶδεν ἐκεῖ ἄνθρωπον οὐκ ἐνδεδυμένον ἔνδυμα γάμου·

eiselthon de o basileys theasasthai toys anakeimenoys eiden ekei anthropon oyk endedymenon endyma gamoy·

KJV: And when the king came in to see the guests, he saw there a man which had not on a wedding garment:

AKJV: And when the king came in to see the guests, he saw there a man which had not on a wedding garment:

ASV: But when the king came in to behold the guests, he saw there a man who had not on a wedding-garment:

YLT: `And the king having come in to view those reclining, saw there a man not clothed with clothing of the marriage-feast,

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:11
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:11

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 11 When the king came - When God shall come to judge the world. Wedding garment - Among the orientals, long white robes were worn at public festivals; and those who appeared on such occasions with any other garments were esteemed, not only highly culpable, but worthy of punishment. Our Lord seems here to allude to Zep 1:7, Zep 1:8, The Lord hath prepared a Sacrifice, he hath Bidden his guests. And it shall come to pass, in the day of the Lord's sacrifice, that I will Punish the princes, and the King's Children, and All Such as are clothed with Strange Apparel. The person who invited the guests prepared such a garment for each, for the time being; and with which he was furnished on his application to the ruler of the feast. It was this which made the conduct of the person mentioned in the text inexcusable; he might have had a proper marriage garment, if he had applied for it. To afford accidental guests clothing suitable to a marriage feast, was a custom among the ancient Greeks. Homer relates that Telemachus, and the son of Nestor, arriving at Lacedaemon when Menelaus was making a marriage feast for his son and daughter, were accommodated with garments suited to the occasion, after having been bathed and anointed. Τους δ' επει ουν δρωμαι λουσαν και χρισαν ελαιῳ, Αμφι δ' αρα χλαινας ουλας βαλον ηδε χιτωνας, Ες ρα θρονους εζοντο παρ' Ατρειδην Μενελαον Odyss. l. iv. ver. 49-51 They entered each a bath, and by the hands Of maidens laved, and oiled, and clothed again With shaggy mantles and resplendent vests, Sat both enthroned at Menelaus' side. Cowper Among the Asiatics, garments called caftans, great numbers of which each nobleman has ordinarily ready in his wardrobe, are given to persons whom he wishes to honor: to refuse to accept or wear such a dress would be deemed the highest insult. This marriage feast or dinner (the communication of the graces of the Gospel in this life) prepares for the marriage supper of the Lamb, Rev 19:7-9, the enjoyment of eternal blessedness in the kingdom of glory. Now, as without holiness no man can see the Lord, we may at once perceive what our Lord means by the marriage garment - it is Holiness of heart and life: the text last quoted asserts that the fine, white, and clean linen (alluding to the marriage garment above mentioned) was an emblem of the Righteousness of the Saints. Mark this expression: the righteousness, the whole external conduct; regulated according to the will and word of God. Of the Saints, the holy persons, whose souls were purified by the blood of the Lamb.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:11

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Rev 19:7-9

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Sacrifice
  • Children
  • Strange Apparel
  • Greeks
  • Telemachus
  • Nestor
  • Odyss
  • Asiatics
  • Lamb
  • Now
  • Lord
  • Saints

Exposition: Matthew 22:11 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when the king came in to see the guests, he saw there a man which had not on a wedding garment:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:12

Greek
καὶ λέγει αὐτῷ· Ἑταῖρε, πῶς εἰσῆλθες ὧδε μὴ ἔχων ἔνδυμα γάμου; ὁ δὲ ἐφιμώθη.

kai legei ayto· Etaire, pos eiselthes ode me echon endyma gamoy; o de ephimothe.

KJV: And he saith unto him, Friend, how camest thou in hither not having a wedding garment? And he was speechless.

AKJV: And he says to him, Friend, how came you in here not having a wedding garment? And he was speechless.

ASV: and he saith unto him, Friend, how camest thou in hither not having a wedding-garment? And he was speechless.

YLT: and he saith to him, Comrade, how didst thou come in hither, not having clothing of the marriage-feast? and he was speechless.

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:12
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:12

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 12 He saith unto him, Friend - Rather, companion: so εταιρε should be translated. As this man represents the state of a person in the visible Church, who neglects to come unto the master of the feast for a marriage garment, for the salvation which Christ has procured, he cannot be with any propriety called a friend, but may well be termed a companion, as being a member of the visible Church, and present at all those ordinances where Christ's presence and blessing are found, by all those who sincerely wait upon him for salvation. How camest thou in hither - Why profess to be called by my name while living without a preparation for my kingdom? He was speechless - Εφιμωθη, he was muzzled, or gagged. He had nothing to say in vindication of his neglect. There was a garment provided, but he neither put it on, nor applied for it. His conduct, therefore, was in the highest degree insulting and indecorous. As this man is the emblem, by general consent, of those who shall perish in the last day, may we not ask, without offense, Where does the doctrine of absolute reprobation or preterition appear in his case? If Christ had never died for him, or if he had applied for the garment, and was refused, might he not well have alleged this in behalf of his soul? - and would not the just God have listened to it? But there is not the smallest excuse for him: Christ died, the sacrifice was offered, for him; the ministers of the Gospel invited him; the Holy Spirit strove with him; he might have been saved, but he was not: and the fault lies so absolutely at his own door that the just God is vindicated in his conduct, while he sends him to hell, not for the lack of what he could not get, but for the lack of what he might have had, but either neglected or refused it. Then said the king to the servants - To the ministering angels, executors of the Divine will. Cast him into outer darkness - The Jewish marriages were performed in the night season, and the hall where the feast was made was superbly illuminated; the outer darkness means, therefore, the darkness on the outside of this festal hall; rendered still more gloomy to the person who was suddenly thrust out into it from such a profusion of light. See all this largely treated of on Mat 8:12 (note).

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:12

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Mat 8:12

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Ovid
  • Rather
  • Church

Exposition: Matthew 22:12 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he saith unto him, Friend, how camest thou in hither not having a wedding garment? And he was speechless.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:13

Greek
τότε ⸂ὁ βασιλεὺς εἶπεν⸃ τοῖς διακόνοις· Δήσαντες αὐτοῦ πόδας καὶ χεῖρας ⸂ἐκβάλετε αὐτὸν⸃ εἰς τὸ σκότος τὸ ἐξώτερον· ἐκεῖ ἔσται ὁ κλαυθμὸς καὶ ὁ βρυγμὸς τῶν ὀδόντων.

tote o basileys eipen tois diakonois· Desantes aytoy podas kai cheiras ekbalete ayton eis to skotos to exoteron· ekei estai o klaythmos kai o brygmos ton odonton.

KJV: Then said the king to the servants, Bind him hand and foot, and take him away, and cast him into outer darkness; there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth.

AKJV: Then said the king to the servants, Bind him hand and foot, and take him away, and cast him into outer darkness, there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth.

ASV: Then the king said to the servants, Bind him hand and foot, and cast him out into the outer darkness; there shall be the weeping and the gnashing of teeth.

YLT: `Then said the king to the ministrants, Having bound his feet and hands, take him up and cast forth to the outer darkness, there shall be the weeping and the gnashing of the teeth;

Commentary Witness (Generated)Matthew 22:13
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Matthew 22:13

Generated editorial synthesis

Matthew 22:13 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Then said the king to the servants, Bind him hand and foot, and take him away, and cast him into outer darkness; there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth.'. A close Koine Greek reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:13

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Matthew 22:13

Exposition: Matthew 22:13 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then said the king to the servants, Bind him hand and foot, and take him away, and cast him into outer darkness; there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:14

Greek
πολλοὶ γάρ εἰσιν κλητοὶ ὀλίγοι δὲ ἐκλεκτοί.

polloi gar eisin kletoi oligoi de eklektoi.

KJV: For many are called, but few are chosen.

AKJV: For many are called, but few are chosen. ¶

ASV: For many are called, but few chosen.

YLT: for many are called, and few chosen.'

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:14
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:14

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 14 Many are called, etc. - This verse is wanting in one of Colbert's MSS., marked 33 in Griesbach. See the note on Mat 20:16. Many are called by the preaching of the Gospel into the outward communion of the Church of Christ; but few, comparatively, are chosen to dwell with God in glory, because they do not come to the master of the feast for a marriage garment - for that holiness without which none can see the Lord. This is an allusion to the Roman custom of raising their militia; all were mustered, but only those were chosen to serve, who were found proper. See the note on Mat 20:16. Reader! examine thy soul, and make sure work for eternity!

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:14

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Mat 20:16

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Griesbach
  • Christ
  • Lord

Exposition: Matthew 22:14 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For many are called, but few are chosen.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:15

Greek
Τότε πορευθέντες οἱ Φαρισαῖοι συμβούλιον ἔλαβον ὅπως αὐτὸν παγιδεύσωσιν ἐν λόγῳ.

Tote poreythentes oi Pharisaioi symboylion elabon opos ayton pagideysosin en logo.

KJV: Then went the Pharisees, and took counsel how they might entangle him in his talk.

AKJV: Then went the Pharisees, and took counsel how they might entangle him in his talk.

ASV: Then went the Pharisees, and took counsel how they might ensnare him in his talk.

YLT: Then the Pharisees having gone, took counsel how they might ensnare him in words,

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:15
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:15

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 15 In his talk - Εν λογῳ, by discourse: intending to ask him subtle and ensnaring questions; his answers to which might involve him either with the Roman government, or with the great Sanhedrin.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:15

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Sanhedrin

Exposition: Matthew 22:15 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then went the Pharisees, and took counsel how they might entangle him in his talk.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:16

Greek
καὶ ἀποστέλλουσιν αὐτῷ τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτῶν μετὰ τῶν Ἡρῳδιανῶν ⸀λέγοντες· Διδάσκαλε, οἴδαμεν ὅτι ἀληθὴς εἶ καὶ τὴν ὁδὸν τοῦ θεοῦ ἐν ἀληθείᾳ διδάσκεις, καὶ οὐ μέλει σοι περὶ οὐδενός, οὐ γὰρ βλέπεις εἰς πρόσωπον ἀνθρώπων·

kai apostelloysin ayto toys mathetas ayton meta ton Erodianon legontes· Didaskale, oidamen oti alethes ei kai ten odon toy theoy en aletheia didaskeis, kai oy melei soi peri oydenos, oy gar blepeis eis prosopon anthropon·

KJV: And they sent out unto him their disciples with the Herodians, saying, Master, we know that thou art true, and teachest the way of God in truth, neither carest thou for any man: for thou regardest not the person of men.

AKJV: And they sent out to him their disciples with the Herodians, saying, Master, we know that you are true, and teach the way of God in truth, neither care you for any man: for you regard not the person of men.

ASV: And they send to him their disciples, with the Herodians, saying, Teacher, we know that thou art true, and teachest the way of God in truth, and carest not for any one: for thou regardest not the person of men.

YLT: and they send to him their disciples with the Herodians, saying, `Teacher, we have known that thou art true, and the way of God in truth thou dost teach, and thou art not caring for any one, for thou dost not look to the face of men;

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:16
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:16

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 16 The Herodians - For an account of this sect, see the note on Mat 16:1. The preceding parable had covered the Pharisees with confusion: when it was ended they went out, not to humble themselves before God, and deprecate the judgments with which they were threatened; but to plot afresh the destruction of their teacher. The depth of their malice appears, 1. In their mode of attack. They had often questioned our Lord on matters concerning religion; and his answers only served to increase his reputation, and their confusion. They now shift their ground, and question him concerning state affairs, and the question is such as must be answered; and yet the answer, to all human appearance, can be none other than what may be construed into a crime against the people, or against the Roman government. 2. Their profound malice appears farther in the choice of their companions in this business, viz. the Herodians. Herod was at this very time at Jerusalem, whither he had come to hold the passover. Jesus, being of Nazareth, which was in Herod's jurisdiction, was considered as his subject. Herod himself was extremely attached to the Roman emperor, and made a public profession of it: all these considerations engaged the Pharisees to unite the Herodians, who, as the Syriac intimates, were the domestics of Herod, in this infernal plot. 3. Their profound malice appears, farther, in the praises they gave our Lord. Teacher, we know that thou art true, and teachest the way of God. This was indeed the real character of our blessed Lord; and now they bear testimony to the truth, merely with the design to make it subserve their bloody purposes. Those whose hearts are influenced by the spirit of the wicked one never do good, but when they hope to accomplish evil by it. Men who praise you to your face are ever to be suspected. The Italians have a very expressive proverb on this subject: - Che ti fa carezze piu che non suole, O t' ha ingannato, o ingannar ti vuole He who caresses thee more than he was wont to do, has either Deceived thee, or is About To Do It. I have never known the sentiment in this proverb to fail; and it was notoriously exemplified in the present instance. Flatterers, though they speak the truth, ever carry about with them a base or malicious soul. 4. Their malice appears still farther in the question they propose. Is it lawful to give tribute to Caesar, or not? - Mat 22:17. The constitution of the Jewish republic, the expectations which they had of future glory and excellence, and the diversity of opinions which divided the Jews on this subject, rendered an answer to this question extremely difficult: - 1. In the presence of the people, who professed to have no other king but God, and looked on their independence as an essential point of their religion. 2. In the presence of the Pharisees, who were ready to stir up the people against him, if his decision could be at all construed to be contrary to their prejudices, or to their religious rights. 3. In the presence of the Herodians, who, if the answer should appear to be against Caesar's rights, were ready to inflame their master to avenge, by the death of our Lord, the affront offered to his master the emperor. 4. The answer was difficult, because of the different sentiments of the Jews on this subject; some maintaining that they could not lawfully pay tribute to a heathen governor: while others held that as they were now under this strange government, and had no power to free themselves from it, it was lawful for them to pay what they had not power to refuse. 5. The answer was difficult, when it is considered that multitudes of the people had begun now to receive Jesus as the promised Messiah, who was to be the deliverer of their nation from spiritual and temporal oppression, and therefore had lately sung to him the Hosanna Rabba: see Mat 21:9. If then he should decide the question in Caesar's favor, what idea must the people have of him, either as zealous for the law, or as the expected Messiah? If against Caesar, he is ruined. Who that loved Jesus, and was not convinced of his sovereign wisdom, could help trembling for him in these circumstances? Jesus opposes the depth of his wisdom to the depth of their malice, and manifests it: - 1. By unmasking them, and showing that he knew the very secrets of their hearts. Ye Hypocrites! why tempt ye me? i.e. why do ye try me thus? This must cover them with confusion, when they saw their motives thus discovered; and tend much to lessen their influence in the sight of the people, when it was manifest that they acted not through a desire to receive information, by which to regulate their conduct, but merely to ensnare and ruin him. 2. Christ shows his profound wisdom in not attempting to discuss the question at large; but settled the business by seizing a maxim that was common among all people, and acknowledged among the Jews, That the prince who causes his image and titles to be stamped on the current coin of a country, is virtually acknowledged thereby as the governor. See Maimon. Gezel. c. v. in Wetstein. When Sultan Mahmoud, king of Maveralnahar, Turquestan, and the Indies, wished to seize on the dominions of Seideh, queen of Persia, who governed in the place of her young son Megededde-vlet, about a.d. 909, he sent an ambassador to her with the following order: You must acknowledge me for your King, cause the kootbah to be read, i.e. pray for me in all the mosques of the kingdom, and Get Your Money recoined, with the Impression That Is On Mine: thus denoting that she must become absolutely subject to him. See Bibliot. Orient. de Galand. p. 453. Esau Afghan carried his conquest into Bhatty, into the viceroyalty of Bengal, and caused the kootbah to be read, and coin to be struck in the name of the Emperor Akbar. Ayeen Akbery, vol. ii p. 5. See also p. 38, 92, 94, 130, 139, 187.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:16

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Mat 16:1
  • Mat 22:17
  • Mat 21:9

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Ray
  • Jesus
  • Herodians
  • Jerusalem
  • Nazareth
  • Herod
  • Lord
  • Teacher
  • To Do It
  • Flatterers
  • Caesar
  • Pharisees
  • Messiah
  • Hosanna Rabba
  • Jews
  • See Maimon
  • Gezel
  • Wetstein
  • When Sultan Mahmoud
  • Maveralnahar
  • Turquestan
  • Indies
  • Seideh
  • Persia
  • King
  • Is On Mine
  • See Bibliot
  • Orient
  • Galand
  • Bhatty
  • Bengal
  • Emperor Akbar
  • Ayeen Akbery

Exposition: Matthew 22:16 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they sent out unto him their disciples with the Herodians, saying, Master, we know that thou art true, and teachest the way of God in truth, neither carest thou for any man: for thou regardest not the person of men.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:17

Greek
εἰπὸν οὖν ἡμῖν τί σοι δοκεῖ· ἔξεστιν δοῦναι κῆνσον Καίσαρι ἢ οὔ;

eipon oyn emin ti soi dokei· exestin doynai kenson Kaisari e oy;

KJV: Tell us therefore, What thinkest thou? Is it lawful to give tribute unto Cesar, or not?

AKJV: Tell us therefore, What think you? Is it lawful to give tribute to Caesar, or not?

ASV: Tell us therefore, What thinkest thou? Is it lawful to give tribute unto Cæsar, or not?

YLT: tell us, therefore, what dost thou think? is it lawful to give tribute to Caesar or not?'

Commentary Witness (Generated)Matthew 22:17
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Matthew 22:17

Generated editorial synthesis

Matthew 22:17 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Tell us therefore, What thinkest thou? Is it lawful to give tribute unto Cesar, or not?'. A close Koine Greek reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:17

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Matthew 22:17

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Cesar

Exposition: Matthew 22:17 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Tell us therefore, What thinkest thou? Is it lawful to give tribute unto Cesar, or not?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:18

Greek
γνοὺς δὲ ὁ Ἰησοῦς τὴν πονηρίαν αὐτῶν εἶπεν· Τί με πειράζετε, ὑποκριταί;

gnoys de o Iesoys ten ponerian ayton eipen· Ti me peirazete, ypokritai;

KJV: But Jesus perceived their wickedness, and said, Why tempt ye me, ye hypocrites?

AKJV: But Jesus perceived their wickedness, and said, Why tempt you me, you hypocrites?

ASV: But Jesus perceived their wickedness, and said, Why make ye trial of me, ye hypocrites?

YLT: And Jesus having known their wickedness, said, `Why me do ye tempt, hypocrites?

Commentary Witness (Generated)Matthew 22:18
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Matthew 22:18

Generated editorial synthesis

Matthew 22:18 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'But Jesus perceived their wickedness, and said, Why tempt ye me, ye hypocrites?'. A close Koine Greek reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:18

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Matthew 22:18

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Jesus

Exposition: Matthew 22:18 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But Jesus perceived their wickedness, and said, Why tempt ye me, ye hypocrites?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:19

Greek
ἐπιδείξατέ μοι τὸ νόμισμα τοῦ κήνσου. οἱ δὲ προσήνεγκαν αὐτῷ δηνάριον.

epideixate moi to nomisma toy kensoy. oi de prosenegkan ayto denarion.

KJV: Shew me the tribute money. And they brought unto him a penny.

AKJV: Show me the tribute money. And they brought to him a penny.

ASV: Show me the tribute money. And they brought unto him a denarius.

YLT: show me the tribute-coin?' and they brought to him a denary;

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:19
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:19

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 19 They brought unto him a penny - A denarius: probably the ordinary capitation tax, though the poll tax in the law, Exo 30:13, Exo 30:14, was half a shekel, about twice as much as the denarius. The Roman denarius had the emperor's image with a proper legend stamped on one side of it. It was not therefore the sacred shekel which was to be paid for the repairs of the temple which was now demanded, but the regular tribute required by the Roman government.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:19

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: Matthew 22:19 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Shew me the tribute money. And they brought unto him a penny.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:20

Greek
καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς· Τίνος ἡ εἰκὼν αὕτη καὶ ἡ ἐπιγραφή;

kai legei aytois· Tinos e eikon ayte kai e epigraphe;

KJV: And he saith unto them, Whose is this image and superscription?

AKJV: And he says to them, Whose is this image and superscription?

ASV: And he saith unto them, Whose is this image and superscription?

YLT: and he saith to them, `Whose is this image and the inscription?'

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:20
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:20

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 20 Whose is this image and superscription? - He knew well enough whose they were; but he showed the excellency of his wisdom, 3dly, in making them answer to their own confusion. They came to ensnare our Lord in his discourse, and now they are ensnared in their own. He who digs a pit for his neighbor ordinarily falls into it himself.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:20

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: Matthew 22:20 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And he saith unto them, Whose is this image and superscription?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:21

Greek
λέγουσιν ⸀αὐτῷ· Καίσαρος. τότε λέγει αὐτοῖς· Ἀπόδοτε οὖν τὰ Καίσαρος Καίσαρι καὶ τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ τῷ θεῷ.

legoysin ayto· Kaisaros. tote legei aytois· Apodote oyn ta Kaisaros Kaisari kai ta toy theoy to theo.

KJV: They say unto him, Cesar’s. Then saith he unto them, Render therefore unto Cesar the things which are Cesar’s; and unto God the things that are God’s.

AKJV: They say to him, Caesar’s. Then says he to them, Render therefore to Caesar the things which are Caesar’s; and to God the things that are God’s.

ASV: They say unto him, Cæsar’s. Then saith he unto them, Render therefore unto Cæsar the things that are Cæsar’s; and unto God the things that are God’s.

YLT: they say to him, Caesar's;' then saith he to them, Render therefore the things of Caesar to Caesar, and the things of God to God;'

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:21
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:21

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 21 They say unto him, Caesars - The image was the head of the emperor; the superscription, his titles. Julius Caesar was the first who caused his image to be struck on the Roman coin. Tiberius was emperor at this time. Render therefore unto Caesar - The conclusion is drawn from their own premises. You acknowledge this to be Caesar's coin; this coin is current, in your land; the currency of this coin shows the country to be under the Roman government; and your acknowledgment that it is Caesar's proves you have submitted. Don't therefore be unjust; but render to Caesar the things which you acknowledge to be his; at the same time, be not impious, but render unto God the thing's which belong to God. This answer is full of consummate wisdom. It establishes the limits, regulates the rights, and distinguishes the jurisdiction of the two empires of heaven and earth. The image of princes stamped on their coin denotes that temporal things belong all to their government. The image of God stamped on the soul denotes that all its faculties and powers belong to the Most High, and should be employed in his service. But while the earth is agitated and distracted with the question of political rights and wrongs, the reader will naturally ask, What does a man owe to Caesar? - to the civil government under which he lives? Our Lord has answered the question - That which IS Caesar's. But what is it that is Caesar's? 1. Honour. 2. Obedience. And 3. Tribute. 1. The civil government under which a man lives, and by which he is protected, demands his honor and reverence. 2. The laws which are made for the suppression of evil doers, and the maintenance of good order, which are calculated to promote the benefit of the whole, and the comfort of the individual should be religiously obeyed. 3. The government that charges itself with the support and defense of the whole, should have its unavoidable expenses, however great, repaid by the people, in whose behalf they are incurred; therefore we should pay tribute. But remember, if Caesar should intrude into the things of God, coin a new creed, or broach a new Gospel, and affect to rule the conscience, while he rules the state, in these things Caesar is not to be obeyed; he is taking the things of God, and he must not get them. Give not therefore God's things to Caesar, and give not Caesar's things to God. That which belongs to the commonwealth should, on no account whatever, be devoted to religious uses; and let no man think he has pleased God, by giving that to charitable or sacred uses which he has purloined from the state. The tribute of half a shekel, which the law, (Exo 30:13, Exo 30:14), required every person above twenty years of age to pay to the temple, was, after the destruction of the temple, in the time of Vespasian, paid into the emperor's exchequer. This sum, Melancthon supposes, amounted annually to Three Tons Of Gold.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:21

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Most High
  • Honour
  • Obedience
  • Tribute
  • Gospel
  • Caesar
  • Vespasian
  • Tons Of Gold

Exposition: Matthew 22:21 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'They say unto him, Cesar’s. Then saith he unto them, Render therefore unto Cesar the things which are Cesar’s; and unto God the things that are God’s.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:22

Greek
καὶ ἀκούσαντες ἐθαύμασαν, καὶ ἀφέντες αὐτὸν ἀπῆλθαν.

kai akoysantes ethaymasan, kai aphentes ayton apelthan.

KJV: When they had heard these words, they marvelled, and left him, and went their way.

AKJV: When they had heard these words, they marveled, and left him, and went their way. ¶

ASV: And when they heard it, they marvelled, and left him, and went away.

YLT: and having heard they wondered, and having left him they went away.

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:22
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:22

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 22 When they had heard these words, they marvelled - And well they might - never man spake like this man. By this decision, Caesar is satisfied - he gets his own to the uttermost farthing. God is glorified - his honor is in every respect secured. And the People are edified - one of the most difficult questions that could possibly come before them is answered in such a way as to relieve their consciences, and direct their conduct. See L'Evangile Medite, and see my discourse entitled, The Rights of God and Caesar.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:22

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Evangile Medite
  • Caesar

Exposition: Matthew 22:22 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'When they had heard these words, they marvelled, and left him, and went their way.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:23

Greek
Ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ προσῆλθον αὐτῷ Σαδδουκαῖοι, ⸀λέγοντες μὴ εἶναι ἀνάστασιν, καὶ ἐπηρώτησαν αὐτὸν

En ekeine te emera proselthon ayto Saddoykaioi, legontes me einai anastasin, kai eperotesan ayton

KJV: The same day came to him the Sadducees, which say that there is no resurrection, and asked him,

AKJV: The same day came to him the Sadducees, which say that there is no resurrection, and asked him,

ASV: On that day there came to him Sadducees, they that say that there is no resurrection: and they asked him,

YLT: In that day there came near to him Sadducees, who are saying there is not a rising again, and they questioned him, saying,

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:23
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:23

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 23 The same day - Malice is ever active; let it be defeated ever so often, it returns to the charge. Jesus and his Gospel give no quarter to vice; the vicious will give no quarter to him or it. The Sadducees - For an account of these see on Mat 16:1 (note).

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:23

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Mat 16:1

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Jesus

Exposition: Matthew 22:23 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'The same day came to him the Sadducees, which say that there is no resurrection, and asked him,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:24

Greek
λέγοντες· Διδάσκαλε, Μωϋσῆς εἶπεν· Ἐάν τις ἀποθάνῃ μὴ ἔχων τέκνα, ἐπιγαμβρεύσει ὁ ἀδελφὸς αὐτοῦ τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀναστήσει σπέρμα τῷ ἀδελφῷ αὐτοῦ.

legontes· Didaskale, Moyses eipen· Ean tis apothane me echon tekna, epigambreysei o adelphos aytoy ten gynaika aytoy kai anastesei sperma to adelpho aytoy.

KJV: Saying, Master, Moses said, If a man die, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.

AKJV: Saying, Master, Moses said, If a man die, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed to his brother.

ASV: saying, Teacher, Moses said, If a man die, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.

YLT: `Teacher, Moses said, If any one may die not having children, his brother shall marry his wife, and shall raise up seed to his brother.

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:24
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:24

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 24 Raise up seed unto his brother - This law is mentioned Deu 25:5. The meaning of the expression is, that the children produced by this marriage should be reckoned in the genealogy of the deceased brother, and enjoy his estates. The word seed should be always translated children or posterity. There is a law precisely similar to this among the Hindoos.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:24

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Hindoos

Exposition: Matthew 22:24 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Saying, Master, Moses said, If a man die, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:25

Greek
ἦσαν δὲ παρʼ ἡμῖν ἑπτὰ ἀδελφοί· καὶ ὁ πρῶτος ⸀γήμας ἐτελεύτησεν, καὶ μὴ ἔχων σπέρμα ἀφῆκεν τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ τῷ ἀδελφῷ αὐτοῦ·

esan de par emin epta adelphoi· kai o protos gemas eteleytesen, kai me echon sperma apheken ten gynaika aytoy to adelpho aytoy·

KJV: Now there were with us seven brethren: and the first, when he had married a wife, deceased, and, having no issue, left his wife unto his brother:

AKJV: Now there were with us seven brothers: and the first, when he had married a wife, deceased, and, having no issue, left his wife to his brother:

ASV: Now there were with us seven brethren: and the first married and deceased, and having no seed left his wife unto his brother;

YLT: `And there were with us seven brothers, and the first having married did die, and not having seed, he left his wife to his brother;

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:25
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:25

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 25 Seven brethren - It is very likely that the Sadducees increased the number, merely to make the question the more difficult.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:25

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: Matthew 22:25 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Now there were with us seven brethren: and the first, when he had married a wife, deceased, and, having no issue, left his wife unto his brother:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:26

Greek
ὁμοίως καὶ ὁ δεύτερος καὶ ὁ τρίτος, ἕως τῶν ἑπτά·

omoios kai o deyteros kai o tritos, eos ton epta·

KJV: Likewise the second also, and the third, unto the seventh.

AKJV: Likewise the second also, and the third, to the seventh.

ASV: in like manner the second also, and the third, unto the seventh.

YLT: in like manner also the second, and the third, unto the seventh,

Commentary Witness (Generated)Matthew 22:26
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Matthew 22:26

Generated editorial synthesis

Matthew 22:26 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Likewise the second also, and the third, unto the seventh.'. A close Koine Greek reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:26

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Matthew 22:26

Exposition: Matthew 22:26 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Likewise the second also, and the third, unto the seventh.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:27

Greek
ὕστερον δὲ πάντων ἀπέθανεν ⸀ἡ γυνή.

ysteron de panton apethanen e gyne.

KJV: And last of all the woman died also.

AKJV: And last of all the woman died also.

ASV: And after them all, the woman died.

YLT: and last of all died also the woman;

Commentary Witness (Generated)Matthew 22:27
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Matthew 22:27

Generated editorial synthesis

Matthew 22:27 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And last of all the woman died also.'. A close Koine Greek reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:27

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Matthew 22:27

Exposition: Matthew 22:27 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And last of all the woman died also.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:28

Greek
ἐν τῇ ⸂ἀναστάσει οὖν⸃ τίνος τῶν ἑπτὰ ἔσται γυνή; πάντες γὰρ ἔσχον αὐτήν.

en te anastasei oyn tinos ton epta estai gyne; pantes gar eschon ayten.

KJV: Therefore in the resurrection whose wife shall she be of the seven? for they all had her.

AKJV: Therefore in the resurrection whose wife shall she be of the seven? for they all had her.

ASV: In the resurrection therefore whose wife shall she be of the seven? for they all had her.

YLT: therefore in the rising again, of which of the seven shall she be wife--for all had her?'

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:28
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:28

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 28 Whose wife shall she be of the seven? - The rabbins have said, That if a woman have two husbands in this world, she shall have the first only restored to her in the world to come. Sohar. Genes. fol. 24. The question put by these bad men is well suited to the mouth of a libertine. Those who live without God in the world have no other god than the world; and those who have not that happiness which comes from the enjoyment of God have no other pleasure than that which comes from the gratification of sensual appetites. The stream cannot rise higher than the spring: these men, and their younger brethren, atheists, deists, and libertines of all sorts, can form no idea of heaven as a place of blessedness, unless they can hope to find in it the gratification of their sensual desires. On this very ground Mohammed built his paradise.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:28

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Sohar
  • Genes

Exposition: Matthew 22:28 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Therefore in the resurrection whose wife shall she be of the seven? for they all had her.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:29

Greek
Ἀποκριθεὶς δὲ ὁ Ἰησοῦς εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· Πλανᾶσθε μὴ εἰδότες τὰς γραφὰς μηδὲ τὴν δύναμιν τοῦ θεοῦ·

Apokritheis de o Iesoys eipen aytois· Planasthe me eidotes tas graphas mede ten dynamin toy theoy·

KJV: Jesus answered and said unto them, Ye do err, not knowing the scriptures, nor the power of God.

AKJV: Jesus answered and said to them, You do err, not knowing the scriptures, nor the power of God.

ASV: But Jesus answered and said unto them, Ye do err, not knowing the scriptures, nor the power of God.

YLT: And Jesus answering said to them, `Ye go astray, not knowing the Writings, nor the power of God;

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:29
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:29

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 29 Ye do err - Or, Ye are deceived - by your impure passions: not knowing the scriptures, which assert the resurrection: - nor the miraculous power of God (την δυναμιν του Θεου) by which it is to be effected. In Avoda Sara, fol. 18, Sanhedrin, fol. 90, it is said: "These are they which shall have no part in the world to come: Those who say, the Lord did not come from heaven; and those who say, the resurrection cannot be proved out of the law." Their deception appeared in their supposing, that if there were a resurrection, men and women were to marry and be given in marriage as in this life; which our Lord shows is not the case: for men and women there shall be like the angels of God, immortal, and free from all human passions, and from those propensities which were to continue with them only during this present state of existence. There shall be no death; and consequently no need of marriage to maintain the population of the spiritual world.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:29

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Or
  • In Avoda Sara
  • Sanhedrin

Exposition: Matthew 22:29 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Jesus answered and said unto them, Ye do err, not knowing the scriptures, nor the power of God.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:30

Greek
ἐν γὰρ τῇ ἀναστάσει οὔτε γαμοῦσιν οὔτε ⸀γαμίζονται, ἀλλʼ ὡς ἄγγελοι ⸀θεοῦ ἐν ⸀τῷ οὐρανῷ εἰσιν·

en gar te anastasei oyte gamoysin oyte gamizontai, all os aggeloi theoy en to oyrano eisin·

KJV: For in the resurrection they neither marry, nor are given in marriage, but are as the angels of God in heaven.

AKJV: For in the resurrection they neither marry, nor are given in marriage, but are as the angels of God in heaven.

ASV: For in the resurrection they neither marry, nor are given in marriage, but are as angels in heaven.

YLT: for in the rising again they do not marry, nor are they given in marriage, but are as messengers of God in heaven.

Commentary Witness (Generated)Matthew 22:30
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

Matthew 22:30

Generated editorial synthesis

Matthew 22:30 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'For in the resurrection they neither marry, nor are given in marriage, but are as the angels of God in heaven.'. A close Koine Greek reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:30

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Matthew 22:30

Exposition: Matthew 22:30 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For in the resurrection they neither marry, nor are given in marriage, but are as the angels of God in heaven.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:31

Greek
περὶ δὲ τῆς ἀναστάσεως τῶν νεκρῶν οὐκ ἀνέγνωτε τὸ ῥηθὲν ὑμῖν ὑπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ λέγοντος·

peri de tes anastaseos ton nekron oyk anegnote to rethen ymin ypo toy theoy legontos·

KJV: But as touching the resurrection of the dead, have ye not read that which was spoken unto you by God, saying,

AKJV: But as touching the resurrection of the dead, have you not read that which was spoken to you by God, saying,

ASV: But as touching the resurrection of the dead, have ye not read that which was spoken unto you by God, saying,

YLT: `And concerning the rising again of the dead, did ye not read that which was spoken to you by God, saying,

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:31
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:31

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 31 Have ye not read - This quotation is taken from Exo 3:6, Exo 3:16; and as the five books of Moses were the only part of Scripture which the Sadducees acknowledged as Divine, our Lord, by confuting them from those books, proved the second part of his assertion, "Ye are ignorant of those very scriptures which ye profess to hold sacred."

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:31

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Moses
  • Divine
  • Lord

Exposition: Matthew 22:31 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But as touching the resurrection of the dead, have ye not read that which was spoken unto you by God, saying,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:32

Greek
Ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ θεὸς Ἀβραὰμ καὶ ὁ θεὸς Ἰσαὰκ καὶ ὁ θεὸς Ἰακώβ; οὐκ ἔστιν ⸂ὁ θεὸς⸃ νεκρῶν ἀλλὰ ζώντων.

Ego eimi o theos Abraam kai o theos Isaak kai o theos Iakob; oyk estin o theos nekron alla zonton.

KJV: I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob? God is not the God of the dead, but of the living.

AKJV: I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob? God is not the God of the dead, but of the living.

ASV: I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob? God is not the God of the dead, but of the living.

YLT: I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob? God is not a God of dead men, but of living.'

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:32
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:32

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 32 I am the God of Abraham - Let it be observed, that Abraham was dead upwards of 300 years before these words were spoken to Moses: yet still God calls himself the God of Abraham, etc. Now Christ properly observes that God is not the God of the dead, (that word being equal, in the sense of the Sadducees, to an eternal annihilation), but of the living; it therefore follows that, if he be the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, these are not dead, but alive; alive with God, though they had ceased, for some hundreds of years, to exist among mortals. We may see, from this, that our Lord combats and confutes another opinion of the Sadducees, viz. that there is neither angel nor spirit; by showing that the soul is not only immortal, but lives with God, even while the body is detained in the dust of the earth, which body is afterwards to be raised to life, and united with its soul by the miraculous power of God, of which power they showed themselves to be ignorant when they denied the possibility of a resurrection.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:32

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Moses
  • Abraham
  • Sadducees
  • Isaac
  • Jacob

Exposition: Matthew 22:32 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob? God is not the God of the dead, but of the living.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:33

Greek
καὶ ἀκούσαντες οἱ ὄχλοι ἐξεπλήσσοντο ἐπὶ τῇ διδαχῇ αὐτοῦ.

kai akoysantes oi ochloi exeplessonto epi te didache aytoy.

KJV: And when the multitude heard this, they were astonished at his doctrine.

AKJV: And when the multitude heard this, they were astonished at his doctrine. ¶

ASV: And when the multitudes heard it, they were astonished at his teaching.

YLT: And having heard, the multitudes were astonished at his teaching;

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:33
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:33

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 33 The multitude were astonished at his doctrine - God uses the infidelity of some for the edification of others. Had no false doctrine been broached in the world, we had not seen the full evidence of the true teaching. The opposition of deists and infidels has only served to raise up men in behalf of the truth of God, who not only have refuted them, but shown, at the same time, that the sacred testimonies are infinitely amiable in themselves, and worthy of all acceptation. Truth always gains by being opposed.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:33

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: Matthew 22:33 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when the multitude heard this, they were astonished at his doctrine.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:34

Greek
Οἱ δὲ Φαρισαῖοι ἀκούσαντες ὅτι ἐφίμωσεν τοὺς Σαδδουκαίους συνήχθησαν ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό.

Oi de Pharisaioi akoysantes oti ephimosen toys Saddoykaioys synechthesan epi to ayto.

KJV: But when the Pharisees had heard that he had put the Sadducees to silence, they were gathered together.

AKJV: But when the Pharisees had heard that he had put the Sadducees to silence, they were gathered together.

ASV: But the Pharisees, when they heard that he had put the Sadducees to silence, gathered themselves together.

YLT: and the Pharisees, having heard that he did silence the Sadducees, were gathered together unto him;

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:34
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:34

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 34 They were gathered together - Επι το αυτο - they came together with one accord, or, for the same purpose; i.e. of ensnaring him in his discourse, as the Sadducees had done, Mat 22:23. The Codex Bezae and several of the Itala have επ' αυτον, against him. Camen togidre into oon. - Old MS. Eng, Bib.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:34

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Mat 22:23

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Eng
  • Bib

Exposition: Matthew 22:34 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'But when the Pharisees had heard that he had put the Sadducees to silence, they were gathered together.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:35

Greek
καὶ ἐπηρώτησεν εἷς ἐξ αὐτῶν νομικὸς πειράζων ⸀αὐτόν·

kai eperotesen eis ex ayton nomikos peirazon ayton·

KJV: Then one of them, which was a lawyer, asked him a question, tempting him, and saying,

AKJV: Then one of them, which was a lawyer, asked him a question, tempting him, and saying,

ASV: And one of them, a lawyer, asked him a question, trying him:

YLT: and one of them, a lawyer, did question, tempting him, and saying,

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:35
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:35

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 35 A lawyer - Νομικος, a teacher of the law. What is called lawyer, in the common translation, conveys a wrong idea to most readers: my old MS. renders the word in the same way I have done. These teachers of the law were the same as the scribes, or what Dr. Wotton calls letter-men, whom he supposes to be the same as the Karaites, a sect of the Jews who rejected all the traditions of the elders, and admitted nothing but the written word. See Wotton's Mishna, vol. i. p. 78. These are allowed to have kept more closely to the spiritual meaning of the law and prophets than the Pharisees did; and hence the question proposed by the lawyer, (Mark, Mar 12:28, calls him one of the scribes), or Karaite, was of a more spiritual or refined nature than any of the preceding.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:35

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Dr
  • Karaites
  • Mishna
  • Mark
  • Karaite

Exposition: Matthew 22:35 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then one of them, which was a lawyer, asked him a question, tempting him, and saying,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:36

Greek
Διδάσκαλε, ποία ἐντολὴ μεγάλη ἐν τῷ νόμῳ;

Didaskale, poia entole megale en to nomo;

KJV: Master, which is the great commandment in the law?

AKJV: Master, which is the great commandment in the law?

ASV: Teacher, which is the great commandment in the law?

YLT: `Teacher, which is the great command in the Law?'

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:36
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:36

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 36 Which is the great commandment - We see here three kinds of enemies and false accusers of Christ and his disciples; and three sorts of accusations brought against them. 1. The Herodians, or politicians and courtiers, who form their questions and accusations on the rights of the prince, and matters of state, Mat 22:16. 2. The Sadducees, or libertines, who found theirs upon matters of religion, and articles of faith, which they did not credit, Mat 22:23. 3. The Pharisees, lawyers, scribes, or Karaites, hypocritical pretenders to devotion, who found theirs on that vital and practical godliness (the love of God and man) of which they wished themselves to be thought the sole proprietors, Mat 22:36.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:36

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Mat 22:16
  • Mat 22:23
  • Mat 22:36

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • The Herodians
  • The Sadducees
  • The Pharisees
  • Karaites

Exposition: Matthew 22:36 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Master, which is the great commandment in the law?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:37

Greek
ὁ ⸀δὲ ἔφη αὐτῷ· Ἀγαπήσεις κύριον τὸν θεόν σου ἐν ὅλῃ ⸀τῇ καρδίᾳ σου καὶ ἐν ὅλῃ ⸁τῇ ψυχῇ σου καὶ ἐν ὅλῃ τῇ διανοίᾳ σου·

o de ephe ayto· Agapeseis kyrion ton theon soy en ole te kardia soy kai en ole te psyche soy kai en ole te dianoia soy·

KJV: Jesus said unto him, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind.

AKJV: Jesus said to him, You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind.

ASV: And he said unto him, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind.

YLT: And Jesus said to him, `Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thine understanding--

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:37
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:37

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 37 Thou shalt love the Lord - This is a subject of the greatest importance, and should be well understood, as our Lord shows that the whole of true religion is comprised in thus loving God and our neighbor. It may not be unnecessary to inquire into the literal meaning of the word love. Αγαπη, from αγαπαω, I love, is supposed to be compounded either of αγαν and ποιειν, to act vehemently or intensely; or, from αγειν κατα παν, because love is always active, and will act in every possible way; for he who loves is, with all his affection and desire, carried forward to the beloved object, in order to possess and enjoy it. Some derive it from αγαν and παυεσθαι, to be completely at rest, or, to be intensely satisfied; because he who loves is supremely contented with, and rests completely satisfied in, that which he loves. Others, from αγαν and παω, because a person eagerly embraces, and vigorously holds fast, that which is the object of his love. Lastly, others suppose it to be compounded of αγαω, I admire, and παυομαι, I rest, because that which a man loves intensely he rests in, with fixed admiration and contemplation. So that genuine love changes not, but always abides steadily attached to that which is loved. Whatever may be thought of these etymologies, as being either just or probable, one thing will be evident to all those who know what love means, that they throw much light upon the subject, and manifest it in a variety of striking points of view. The ancient author of a MS. Lexicon in the late French king's library, under the word αγαπη, has the following definition: ΑσπαϚος προθεσις επι τη φιλια του φιλουμενου - Σομψυχια. "A pleasing surrender of friendship to a friend: - an identity or sameness of soul." A sovereign preference given to one above all others, present or absent: a concentration of all the thoughts and desires in a single object, which a man prefers to all others. Apply this definition to the love which God requires of his creatures, and you will have the most correct view of the subject. Hence it appears that, by this love, the soul eagerly cleaves to, affectionately admires, and constantly rests in God, supremely pleased and satisfied with him as its portion: that it acts from him, as its author; for him, as its master; and to him, as its end. That, by it, all the powers and faculties of the mind are concentrated in the Lord of the universe. That, by it, the whole man is willingly surrendered to the Most High: and that, through it, an identity, or sameness of spirit with the Lord is acquired - the man being made a partaker of the Divine nature, having the mind in him which was in Christ, and thus dwelling in God, and God in him. But what is implied in loving God with all the heart, soul, mind, strength, etc., and when may a man be said to do this? 1. He loves God with all his heart, who loves nothing in comparison of him, and nothing but in reference to him: - who is ready to give up, do, or suffer any thing in order to please and glorify him: - who has in his heart neither love nor hatred, hope nor fear, inclination, nor aversion, desire, nor delight, but as they relate to God, and are regulated by him. 2. He loves God with all his soul, or rather, εν ολη τη ψυχη, with all his life, who is ready to give up life for his sake - to endure all sorts of torments, and to be deprived of all kinds of comforts, rather than dishonor God: - who employs life with all its comforts, and conveniences, to glorify God in, by, and through all: - to whom life and death are nothing, but as they come from and lead to God, From this Divine principle sprang the blood of the martyrs, which became the seed of the Church. They overcame through the blood of the Lamb, and loved not their lives unto the death. See Rev 12:11. 3. He loves God with all his strength (Mar 12:30; Luk 10:27) who exerts all the powers of his body and soul in the service of God: - who, for the glory of his Maker, spares neither labor nor cost - who sacrifices his time, body, health, ease, for the honor of God his Divine Master: - who employs in his service all his goods, his talents, his power, credit, authority, and influence. 4. He loves God with all his mind (intellect - διανοια) who applies himself only to know God, and his holy will: - who receives with submission, gratitude, and pleasure, the sacred truths which God has revealed to man: - who studies no art nor science but as far as it is necessary for the service of God, and uses it at all times to promote his glory - who forms no projects nor designs but in reference to God and the interests of mankind: - who banishes from his understanding and memory every useless, foolish, and dangerous thought, together with every idea which has any tendency to defile his soul, or turn it for a moment from the center of eternal repose. In a word, he who sees God in all things - thinks of him at all times - having his mind continually fixed upon God, acknowledging him in all his ways - who begins, continues, and ends all his thoughts, words, and works, to the glory of his name: - this is the person who loves God with all his heart, life, strength, and intellect. He is crucified to the world, and the world to him: he lives, yet not he, but Christ lives in him. He beholds as in a glass the glory of the Lord, and is changed into the same image from glory to glory. Simply and constantly looking unto Jesus, the author and perfecter of his faith, he receives continual supplies of enlightening and sanctifying grace, and is thus fitted for every good word and work. O glorious state! far, far, beyond this description! which comprises an ineffable communion between the ever-blessed Trinity and the soul of man!

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:37

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Rev 12:11

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Jesus
  • Lastly
  • That
  • Most High
  • Christ
  • Church
  • Lamb
  • Maker
  • Divine Master
  • Lord

Exposition: Matthew 22:37 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Jesus said unto him, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:38

Greek
αὕτη ἐστὶν ⸂ἡ μεγάλη καὶ πρώτη⸃ ἐντολή.

ayte estin e megale kai prote entole.

KJV: This is the first and great commandment.

AKJV: This is the first and great commandment.

ASV: This is the great and first commandment.

YLT: this is a first and great command;

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:38
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:38

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 38 This is the first and great commandment - It is so, 1. In its antiquity, being as old as the world, and engraven originally on our very nature. 2. In dignity; as directly and immediately proceeding front and referring to God. 3. In excellence; being the commandment of the new covenant, and the very spirit of the Divine adoption. 4. In justice; because it alone renders to God his due, prefers him before all things, and secures to him his proper rank in relation to them. 5. In sufficiency; being in itself capable of making men holy in this life, and happy in the other. 6. In fruitfulness; because it is the root of all commandments, and the fulfilling of the law. 7. In virtue and efficacy; because by this alone God reigns in the heart of man, and man is united to God. 8. In extent; leaving nothing to the creature, which it does not refer to the Creator. 9. In necessity; being absolutely indispensable. 10. In duration; being ever to be continued on earth, and never to be discontinued in heaven.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:38

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Creator

Exposition: Matthew 22:38 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'This is the first and great commandment.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:39

Greek
Δευτέρα ⸀δὲ ὁμοία ⸀αὐτῇ· Ἀγαπήσεις τὸν πλησίον σου ὡς σεαυτόν.

Deytera de omoia ayte· Agapeseis ton plesion soy os seayton.

KJV: And the second is like unto it, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.

AKJV: And the second is like to it, You shall love your neighbor as yourself.

ASV: And a second like unto it is this, Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself.

YLT: and the second is like to it, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself;

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:39
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:39

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 39 Thou shalt love thy neighbor - The love of our neighbor springs from the love of God as its source; is found in the love of God as its principle, pattern, and end; and the love of God is found in the love of our neighbor, as its effect, representation, and infallible mark. This love of our neighbor is a love of equity, charity, succor, and benevolence. We owe to our neighbor what we have a right to expect from him - "Do unto all men as ye would they should do unto you," is a positive command of our blessed Savior. By this rule, therefore, we should speak, think, and write, concerning every soul of man: - put the best construction upon all the words and actions of our neighbor that they can possibly bear. By this rule we are taught to bear with, love, and forgive him; to rejoice in his felicity, mourn in his adversity, desire and delight in his prosperity, and promote it to the utmost of our power: instruct his ignorance, help him in his weakness, and risk even our life for his sake, and for the public good. In a word, we must do every thing in our power, through all the possible varieties of circumstances, for our neighbors, which we would wish them to do for us, were our situations reversed. This is the religion of Jesus! How happy would Society be, were these two plain, rational precepts properly observed! Love Me, and love thy Fellows! Be unutterably happy in me, and be in perfect peace, unanimity, and love, among yourselves. Great fountain and dispenser of love! fill thy creation with this sacred principle, for his sake who died for the salvation of mankind! On the nature of self-love, see Mat 19:19.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:39

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Mat 19:19

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Jesus
  • Savior
  • Love Me

Exposition: Matthew 22:39 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the second is like unto it, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:40

Greek
ἐν ταύταις ταῖς δυσὶν ἐντολαῖς ὅλος ὁ νόμος ⸂κρέμαται καὶ οἱ προφῆται⸃.

en taytais tais dysin entolais olos o nomos krematai kai oi prophetai.

KJV: On these two commandments hang all the law and the prophets.

AKJV: On these two commandments hang all the law and the prophets. ¶

ASV: On these two commandments the whole law hangeth, and the prophets.

YLT: on these--the two commands--all the law and the prophets do hang.'

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:40
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:40

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 40 On these two - hang all the law and the prophets - They are like the first and last links of a chain, all the intermediate ones depend on them. True religion begins and ends in love to God and man. These are the two grand links that unite God to man, man to his fellows, and men again to God. Love is the fulfilling of the law, says St. Paul, Rom 13:10; for he who has the love of God in him delights to obey the Divine precepts, and to do all manner of kindness to men for God's sake.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:40

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Rom 13:10

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • St
  • Paul

Exposition: Matthew 22:40 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'On these two commandments hang all the law and the prophets.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:41

Greek
Συνηγμένων δὲ τῶν Φαρισαίων ἐπηρώτησεν αὐτοὺς ὁ Ἰησοῦς

Synegmenon de ton Pharisaion eperotesen aytoys o Iesoys

KJV: While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them,

AKJV: While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them,

ASV: Now while the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them a question,

YLT: And the Pharisees having been gathered together, Jesus did question them,

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:41
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:41

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 41 While the Pharisees were gathered together - Jesus asks a question in his turn, utterly to confound them, and to show the people that the source of all the captious questions of his opponents was their ignorance of the prophecies relative to the Messiah.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:41

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Jesus
  • Messiah

Exposition: Matthew 22:41 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:42

Greek
λέγων· Τί ὑμῖν δοκεῖ περὶ τοῦ χριστοῦ; τίνος υἱός ἐστιν; λέγουσιν αὐτῷ· Τοῦ Δαυίδ.

legon· Ti ymin dokei peri toy christoy; tinos yios estin; legoysin ayto· Toy Dayid.

KJV: Saying, What think ye of Christ? whose son is he? They say unto him, The Son of David.

AKJV: Saying, What think you of Christ? whose son is he? They say to him, The son of David.

ASV: saying, What think ye of the Christ? whose son is he? They say unto him, The son of David.

YLT: saying, What do ye think concerning the Christ? of whom is he son?' They say to him, Of David.'

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:42
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:42

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 42 What think ye of Christ? - Or, What are your thoughts concerning The Christ - the Messiah; for to this title the emphatic article should always be added. Whose son is he? - From what family is he to spring? They say unto him, The son of David - This was a thing well known among the Jews, and universally acknowledged, see Joh 7:42; and is a most powerful proof against them that the Messiah is come. Their families are now so perfectly confounded that they cannot trace back any of their genealogies with any degree of certainty: nor have they been capable of ascertaining the different families of their tribes for more than sixteen hundred years. Why, then, should the spirit of prophecy assert so often, and in such express terms, that Jesus was to come from the family of David; if he should only make his appearance when the public registers were all demolished, and it would be impossible to ascertain the family? Is it not evident that God designed that the Messiah should come at a time when the public genealogies might be inspected, to prove that it was he who was prophesied of, and that no other was to be expected? The evangelists, Matthew and Luke, were so fully convinced of the conclusiveness of this proof that they had recourse to the public registers; and thus proved to the Jews, from their own records, that Jesus was born of the family mentioned by the prophets. Nor do we find that a scribe, Pharisee, or any other, ever attempted to invalidate this proof, though it would have essentially subserved their cause, could they have done it. But as this has not been done, we may fairly conclude it was impossible to do it.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:42

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Joh 7:42

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Jesus
  • Or
  • Messiah
  • Jews
  • Why
  • David
  • Luke
  • Pharisee

Exposition: Matthew 22:42 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Saying, What think ye of Christ? whose son is he? They say unto him, The Son of David.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:43

Greek
λέγει αὐτοῖς· Πῶς οὖν Δαυὶδ ἐν πνεύματι ⸂καλεῖ αὐτὸν κύριον⸃ λέγων·

legei aytois· Pos oyn Dayid en pneymati kalei ayton kyrion legon·

KJV: He saith unto them, How then doth David in spirit call him Lord, saying,

AKJV: He says to them, How then does David in spirit call him Lord, saying,

ASV: He saith unto them, How then doth David in the Spirit call him Lord, saying,

YLT: He saith to them, `How then doth David in the Spirit call him lord, saying,

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:43
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:43

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 43 How then doth David in spirit (or by the Spirit - by the inspiration of the Spirit of God) call him Lord? saying,

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:43

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: Matthew 22:43 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'He saith unto them, How then doth David in spirit call him Lord, saying,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:44

Greek
⸀Εἶπεν κύριος τῷ κυρίῳ μου· Κάθου ἐκ δεξιῶν μου ἕως ἂν θῶ τοὺς ἐχθρούς σου ⸀ὑποκάτω τῶν ποδῶν σου;

Eipen kyrios to kyrio moy· Kathoy ek dexion moy eos an tho toys echthroys soy ypokato ton podon soy;

KJV: The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, till I make thine enemies thy footstool?

AKJV: The LORD said to my Lord, Sit you on my right hand, till I make your enemies your footstool?

ASV: The Lord said unto my Lord,

YLT: The Lord said to my lord, Sit at my right hand, till I may make thine enemies thy footstool?

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:44
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:44

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 44 The Lord (יהוה Yeve or Jehovah) said unto my Lord, אדניע Adni or Adonai, my prop, stay, master, support), Sit thou on my right hand - Take the place of the greatest eminence and authority. Till I make thine enemies thy footstool - till I subdue both Jews and Gentiles under thee, and cause them to acknowledge thee as their sovereign and Lord. This quotation is taken from Psa 110:1; and, from it, these two points are clear: 1. That David wrote it by the inspiration of God; and 2. That it is a prophetic declaration of the Messiah.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:44

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Lord
  • Adonai
  • Messiah

Exposition: Matthew 22:44 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, till I make thine enemies thy footstool?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:45

Greek
εἰ οὖν Δαυὶδ καλεῖ αὐτὸν κύριον, πῶς υἱὸς αὐτοῦ ἐστιν;

ei oyn Dayid kalei ayton kyrion, pos yios aytoy estin;

KJV: If David then call him Lord, how is he his son?

AKJV: If David then call him Lord, how is he his son?

ASV: If David then calleth him Lord, how is he his son?

YLT: If then David doth call him lord, how is he his son?'

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:45
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:45

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 45 How is he his son? - As the Jews did not attempt to deny the conclusion of our Lord's question, which was, the Messiah is not only the son of David according to the flesh, but he is the Lord of David according to his Divine nature, then it is evident they could not. Indeed, there was no other way of invalidating the argument, but by denying that the prophecy in question related to Christ: but it seems the prophecy was so fully and so generally understood to belong to the Messiah that they did not attempt to do this; for it is immediately added, No man was able to answer him a word - they were completely nonplussed and confounded.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:45

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Indeed
  • Christ

Exposition: Matthew 22:45 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'If David then call him Lord, how is he his son?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Matthew 22:46

Greek
καὶ οὐδεὶς ἐδύνατο ⸂ἀποκριθῆναι αὐτῷ⸃ λόγον, οὐδὲ ἐτόλμησέν τις ἀπʼ ἐκείνης τῆς ἡμέρας ἐπερωτῆσαι αὐτὸν οὐκέτι.

kai oydeis edynato apokrithenai ayto logon, oyde etolmesen tis ap ekeines tes emeras eperotesai ayton oyketi.

KJV: And no man was able to answer him a word, neither durst any man from that day forth ask him any more questions.

AKJV: And no man was able to answer him a word, neither dared any man from that day forth ask him any more questions.

ASV: And no one was able to answer him a word, neither durst any man from that day forth ask him any more questions.

YLT: And no one was able to answer him a word, nor durst any from that day question him any more.

Commentary WitnessMatthew 22:46
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

Matthew 22:46

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 46 Neither durst any - ask him any more questions - "Thus," says Dr. Wotton, "our Lord put the four great sects of the Jews to silence, in one day, successively. The Herodians and Pharisees wanted to know whether they might lawfully pay tribute to Caesar or not. The Sadducees were inquisitive to know whose wife the woman should be of the seven brethren, in the resurrection, who had her to wife. Then comes the scribe, (or karaite), who owned no authority beyond or besides the written law, and asked which was the great commandment in the law. This lawyer deserves to be mentioned here, because he not only acquiesced in, but commended, what our Lord had said in answer to his question." Wotton's Miscellaneous Discourses, vol. i. p. 78. The Pharisees and Herodians were defeated, Mat 22:15-22. The Sadducees were confounded, Mat 22:29-33. The lawyers or karaites nonplussed, Mat 22:37-40. And the Pharisees, etc., finally routed, Mat 22:41-46. Thus did the wisdom of God triumph over the cunning of men. From this time, we do not find that our Lord was any more troubled with their captious questions: their whole stock, it appears, was expended, and now they coolly deliberate on the most effectual way to get him murdered. He that resists the truth of God is capable of effecting the worst purpose of Satan. The very important subjects of this chapter have been so amply discussed in the notes, and applied so particularly to their spiritual uses, that it does not appear necessary to add any thing by way of practical improvement. The explanation of the great command of the law is particularly recommended to the reader's notice. See on Mat 22:36-40 (note).

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

Matthew 22:46

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Biblical cross-references named in the witness

  • Mat 22:15-22
  • Mat 22:29-33
  • Mat 22:37-40
  • Mat 22:41-46
  • Mat 22:36-40

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Thus
  • Dr
  • Wotton
  • Miscellaneous Discourses
  • Pharisees
  • Satan

Exposition: Matthew 22:46 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And no man was able to answer him a word, neither durst any man from that day forth ask him any more questions.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Koine Greek Grammar: A close Koine Greek reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Citation trailOpen the commentary counts, references, and named sources.

Scholarly apparatus

Commentary citation index

This chapter now surfaces commentary as quoted witness material with an explicit citation trail. The index below gathers the canonical references and named authorities detected inside the commentary layer for faster academic review.

Direct commentary witnesses

36

Generated editorial witnesses

10

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Canonical references surfaced in commentary

  • Mat 22:1-14
  • Mat 22:15-22
  • Mat 22:23-33
  • Mat 22:34-40
  • Mat 22:41-46
  • Matthew 22:1
  • Mat 16:6
  • Joh 4:7-10
  • Joh 6:26
  • Joh 6:27
  • Joh 7:37
  • 1Kgs 1:5-9
  • 1Kgs 1:19
  • 1Kgs 1:25
  • Mat 22:3
  • Mat 22:4
  • Mat 22:5
  • Mat 22:6
  • Mat 22:7
  • Matthew 22:2
  • Matthew 22:3
  • Matthew 22:4
  • Matthew 22:5
  • Matthew 22:6
  • Matthew 22:7
  • Matthew 22:8
  • Matthew 22:9
  • Mat 3:12
  • Mat 13:26
  • Mat 13:27
  • Mat 13:48
  • Mat 25:1
  • Mat 25:33
  • Matthew 22:10
  • Rev 19:7-9
  • Matthew 22:11
  • Mat 8:12
  • Matthew 22:12
  • Matthew 22:13
  • Mat 20:16
  • Matthew 22:14
  • Matthew 22:15
  • Mat 16:1
  • Mat 22:17
  • Mat 21:9
  • Matthew 22:16
  • Matthew 22:17
  • Matthew 22:18
  • Matthew 22:19
  • Matthew 22:20
  • Matthew 22:21
  • Matthew 22:22
  • Matthew 22:23
  • Matthew 22:24
  • Matthew 22:25
  • Matthew 22:26
  • Matthew 22:27
  • Matthew 22:28
  • Matthew 22:29
  • Matthew 22:30
  • Matthew 22:31
  • Matthew 22:32
  • Matthew 22:33
  • Mat 22:23
  • Matthew 22:34
  • Matthew 22:35
  • Mat 22:16
  • Mat 22:36
  • Matthew 22:36
  • Rev 12:11
  • Matthew 22:37
  • Matthew 22:38
  • Mat 19:19
  • Matthew 22:39
  • Rom 13:10
  • Matthew 22:40
  • Matthew 22:41
  • Joh 7:42
  • Matthew 22:42
  • Matthew 22:43
  • Matthew 22:44
  • Matthew 22:45
  • Mat 22:29-33
  • Mat 22:37-40
  • Mat 22:36-40
  • Matthew 22:46

Named authorities or texts surfaced in commentary

  • Caesar
  • Christ
  • Ovid
  • Jesus
  • In Bereshith Rabba
  • Sohar
  • Levit
  • Lord
  • Luke
  • His Son
  • Lord Jesus
  • The Marriage
  • The Marriage Feast
  • Gospel
  • Messiah
  • Servants
  • Jews
  • Other Servants
  • Judea
  • Titus
  • Vespasian
  • Jesus Christ
  • Eternal Spirit
  • Son
  • Again
  • Behold
  • Syriac
  • Itala
  • Mohammedans
  • Hedayah
  • Mesabih
  • St
  • Gentiles
  • Rab
  • Beracoth
  • Floor
  • The Field
  • The Net
  • Fold
  • Sacrifice
  • Children
  • Strange Apparel
  • Greeks
  • Telemachus
  • Nestor
  • Odyss
  • Asiatics
  • Lamb
  • Now
  • Saints
  • Rather
  • Church
  • Griesbach
  • Sanhedrin
  • Ray
  • Herodians
  • Jerusalem
  • Nazareth
  • Herod
  • Teacher
  • To Do It
  • Flatterers
  • Pharisees
  • Hosanna Rabba
  • See Maimon
  • Gezel
  • Wetstein
  • When Sultan Mahmoud
  • Maveralnahar
  • Turquestan
  • Indies
  • Seideh
  • Persia
  • King
  • Is On Mine
  • See Bibliot
  • Orient
  • Galand
  • Bhatty
  • Bengal
  • Emperor Akbar
  • Ayeen Akbery
  • Cesar
  • Most High
  • Honour
  • Obedience
  • Tribute
  • Tons Of Gold
  • Evangile Medite
  • Hindoos
  • Genes
  • Or
  • In Avoda Sara
  • Moses
  • Divine
  • Abraham
  • Sadducees
  • Isaac
  • Jacob
  • Eng
  • Bib
  • Dr
  • Karaites
  • Mishna
  • Mark
  • Karaite
  • The Herodians
  • The Sadducees
  • The Pharisees
  • Lastly
  • That
  • Maker
  • Divine Master
  • Creator
  • Savior
  • Love Me
  • Paul
  • Why
  • David
  • Pharisee
  • Adonai
  • Indeed
  • Thus
  • Wotton
  • Miscellaneous Discourses
  • Satan
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Old Testament History

1 Kings

Rendered chapters 1–22 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Kings. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 22 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 1 Kings

Open 1 Kings

Old Testament History

2 Kings

Rendered chapters 1–25 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Kings. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 25 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 2 Kings

Open 2 Kings

Old Testament History

1 Chronicles

Rendered chapters 1–29 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Chronicles. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 29 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 1 Chronicles

Open 1 Chronicles

Old Testament History

2 Chronicles

Rendered chapters 1–36 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Chronicles. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 36 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 2 Chronicles

Open 2 Chronicles

Old Testament History

Ezra

Rendered chapters 1–10 are mapped to the public reader path for Ezra. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 10 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Ezra

Open Ezra

Old Testament History

Nehemiah

Rendered chapters 1–13 are mapped to the public reader path for Nehemiah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 13 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Nehemiah

Open Nehemiah

Old Testament History

Esther

Rendered chapters 1–10 are mapped to the public reader path for Esther. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 10 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Esther

Open Esther

Old Testament Wisdom

Job

Rendered chapters 1–42 are mapped to the public reader path for Job. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 42 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Job

Open Job

Old Testament Wisdom

Psalms

Rendered chapters 1–150 are mapped to the public reader path for Psalms. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 150 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Psalms

Open Psalms

Old Testament Wisdom

Proverbs

Rendered chapters 1–31 are mapped to the public reader path for Proverbs. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 31 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Proverbs

Open Proverbs

Old Testament Wisdom

Ecclesiastes

Rendered chapters 1–12 are mapped to the public reader path for Ecclesiastes. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 12 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Ecclesiastes

Open Ecclesiastes

Old Testament Wisdom

Song of Solomon

Rendered chapters 1–8 are mapped to the public reader path for Song of Solomon. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 8 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Song of Solomon

Open Song of Solomon

Old Testament Prophets

Isaiah

Rendered chapters 1–66 are mapped to the public reader path for Isaiah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 66 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Isaiah

Open Isaiah

Old Testament Prophets

Jeremiah

Rendered chapters 1–52 are mapped to the public reader path for Jeremiah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 52 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Jeremiah

Open Jeremiah

Old Testament Prophets

Lamentations

Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for Lamentations. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 5 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Lamentations

Open Lamentations

Old Testament Prophets

Ezekiel

Rendered chapters 1–48 are mapped to the public reader path for Ezekiel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 48 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Ezekiel

Open Ezekiel

Old Testament Prophets

Daniel

Rendered chapters 1–12 are mapped to the public reader path for Daniel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 12 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Daniel

Open Daniel

Old Testament Prophets

Hosea

Rendered chapters 1–14 are mapped to the public reader path for Hosea. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 14 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Hosea

Open Hosea

Old Testament Prophets

Joel

Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Joel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 3 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Joel

Open Joel

Old Testament Prophets

Amos

Rendered chapters 1–9 are mapped to the public reader path for Amos. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 9 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Amos

Open Amos

Old Testament Prophets

Obadiah

Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for Obadiah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 1 rendered chapter
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Obadiah

Open Obadiah

Old Testament Prophets

Jonah

Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Jonah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 4 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Jonah

Open Jonah

Old Testament Prophets

Micah

Rendered chapters 1–7 are mapped to the public reader path for Micah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 7 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Micah

Open Micah

Old Testament Prophets

Nahum

Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Nahum. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 3 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Nahum

Open Nahum

Old Testament Prophets

Habakkuk

Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Habakkuk. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 3 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Habakkuk

Open Habakkuk

Old Testament Prophets

Zephaniah

Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Zephaniah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 3 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Zephaniah

Open Zephaniah

Old Testament Prophets

Haggai

Rendered chapters 1–2 are mapped to the public reader path for Haggai. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 2 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Haggai

Open Haggai

Old Testament Prophets

Zechariah

Rendered chapters 1–14 are mapped to the public reader path for Zechariah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 14 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Zechariah

Open Zechariah

Old Testament Prophets

Malachi

Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Malachi. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 4 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Malachi

Open Malachi

New Testament Gospels

Matthew

Rendered chapters 1–28 are mapped to the public reader path for Matthew. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 28 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Matthew

Open Matthew

New Testament Gospels

Mark

Rendered chapters 1–16 are mapped to the public reader path for Mark. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 16 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Mark

Open Mark

New Testament Gospels

Luke

Rendered chapters 1–24 are mapped to the public reader path for Luke. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 24 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Luke

Open Luke

New Testament Gospels

John

Rendered chapters 1–21 are mapped to the public reader path for John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 21 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for John

Open John

New Testament History

Acts

Rendered chapters 1–28 are mapped to the public reader path for Acts. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 28 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Acts

Open Acts

New Testament Letters

Romans

Rendered chapters 1–16 are mapped to the public reader path for Romans. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 16 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Romans

Open Romans

New Testament Letters

1 Corinthians

Rendered chapters 1–16 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Corinthians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 16 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 1 Corinthians

Open 1 Corinthians

New Testament Letters

2 Corinthians

Rendered chapters 1–13 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Corinthians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 13 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 2 Corinthians

Open 2 Corinthians

New Testament Letters

Galatians

Rendered chapters 1–6 are mapped to the public reader path for Galatians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 6 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Galatians

Open Galatians

New Testament Letters

Ephesians

Rendered chapters 1–6 are mapped to the public reader path for Ephesians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 6 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Ephesians

Open Ephesians

New Testament Letters

Philippians

Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Philippians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 4 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Philippians

Open Philippians

New Testament Letters

Colossians

Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Colossians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 4 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Colossians

Open Colossians

New Testament Letters

1 Thessalonians

Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Thessalonians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 5 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 1 Thessalonians

Open 1 Thessalonians

New Testament Letters

2 Thessalonians

Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Thessalonians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 3 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 2 Thessalonians

Open 2 Thessalonians

New Testament Letters

1 Timothy

Rendered chapters 1–6 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Timothy. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 6 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 1 Timothy

Open 1 Timothy

New Testament Letters

2 Timothy

Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Timothy. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 4 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 2 Timothy

Open 2 Timothy

New Testament Letters

Titus

Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Titus. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 3 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Titus

Open Titus

New Testament Letters

Philemon

Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for Philemon. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 1 rendered chapter
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Philemon

Open Philemon

New Testament Letters

Hebrews

Rendered chapters 1–13 are mapped to the public reader path for Hebrews. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 13 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Hebrews

Open Hebrews

New Testament Letters

James

Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for James. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 5 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for James

Open James

New Testament Letters

1 Peter

Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Peter. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 5 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 1 Peter

Open 1 Peter

New Testament Letters

2 Peter

Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Peter. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 3 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 2 Peter

Open 2 Peter

New Testament Letters

1 John

Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 5 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 1 John

Open 1 John

New Testament Letters

2 John

Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 1 rendered chapter
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 2 John

Open 2 John

New Testament Letters

3 John

Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for 3 John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 1 rendered chapter
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 3 John

Open 3 John

New Testament Letters

Jude

Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for Jude. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 1 rendered chapter
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Jude

Open Jude

New Testament Apocalypse

Revelation

Rendered chapters 1–22 are mapped to the public reader path for Revelation. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 22 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Revelation

Open Revelation

What this explorer shows today

The public reader has book-by-book chapter entry points across the 66-book canon. Deeper corpus and provenance details stay on the supporting Bible Data shelves.

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