Apologetics Bible
Read Scripture with the original-language, translation, commentary, and apologetics layers kept close to the text.
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Historical witness notes appear where source coverage is available, helping readers compare older interpreters without replacing the passage.
Apologetics exposition helps trace how passages function in canonical argument, what doctrinal claims they touch, and how themes connect across the 66 books.
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Numbers (Bamidbar — "In the wilderness") records Israel's 40-year journey through the Sinai desert, framing disobedience and consequence alongside God's patient, covenant-sustaining provision.
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Connected primary witness
- Connected ID:
Numbers_21
- Primary Witness Text: And when king Arad the Canaanite, which dwelt in the south, heard tell that Israel came by the way of the spies; then he fought against Israel, and took some of them prisoners. And Israel vowed a vow unto the LORD, and said, If thou wilt indeed deliver this people into my hand, then I will utterly destroy their cities. And the LORD hearkened to the voice of Israel, and delivered up the Canaanites; and they utterly destroyed them and their cities: and he called the name of the place Hormah. And they journeyed from mount Hor by the way of the Red sea, to compass the land of Edom: and the soul of the people was much discouraged because of the way. And the people spake against God, and against Moses, Wherefore have ye brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness? for there is no bread, neither is there any water; and our soul loatheth this light bread. And the LORD sent fiery serpents among the people, and they bit the people; and much people of Israel died. Therefore the people came to Moses, and said, We have sinned, for we have spoken against the LORD, and against thee; pray unto the LORD, that he take away the serpents from us. And Moses prayed for the people. And the LORD said unto Moses, Make thee a fiery serpent, and set it upon a pole: and it shall come to pass, that every one that is bitten, when he looketh upon it, shall live. And Moses made a serpent of brass, and put it upon a pole, and it came to pass, that if a serpent had bitten any man, when he beheld the s...
Connected dataset overlay
- Connected ID:
Numbers_21
- Chapter Blob Preview: And when king Arad the Canaanite, which dwelt in the south, heard tell that Israel came by the way of the spies; then he fought against Israel, and took some of them prisoners. And Israel vowed a vow unto the LORD, and said, If thou wilt indeed deliver this people into my hand, then I will utterly destroy their cities. And the LORD hearkened to the voice of Israel, and delivere...
Chapter frameStart here before opening notes.
Chapter frame
Numbers (Bamidbar — "In the wilderness") records Israel's 40-year journey through the Sinai desert, framing disobedience and consequence alongside God's patient, covenant-sustaining provision.
The book's apologetics yield is significant: the bronze serpent episode (21:8-9) is cited by Jesus as a direct type of His own crucifixion (John 3:14-15); the Balaam oracles (chs. 22-24) contain one of the OT's earliest messianic star prophecies (24:17); and the Levitical census figures inform scholarly discussion of ancient Near Eastern population records and the historicity of the Exodus.
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Verse-by-verse study lane
Numbers 21:1
Hebrew
וַיִּשְׁמַע הַכְּנַעֲנִי מֶֽלֶךְ־עֲרָד יֹשֵׁב הַנֶּגֶב כִּי בָּא יִשְׂרָאֵל דֶּרֶךְ הָאֲתָרִים וַיִּלָּחֶם בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל וַיִּשְׁבְּ ׀ מִמֶּנּוּ שֶֽׁבִי׃vayishema'-hakhena'aniy-melekhe-'arad-yoshev-hanegev-khiy-va'-yishera'el-derekhe-ha'atariym-vayilachem-veyishera'el-vayisheve- -mimenv-sheviy
KJV: And when king Arad the Canaanite, which dwelt in the south, heard tell that Israel came by the way of the spies; then he fought against Israel, and took some of them prisoners.
AKJV: And when king Arad the Canaanite, which dwelled in the south, heard tell that Israel came by the way of the spies; then he fought against Israel, and took some of them prisoners.
ASV: And the Canaanite, the king of Arad, who dwelt in the South, heard tell that Israel came by the way of Atharim; and he fought against Israel, and took some of them captive.
YLT: And the Canaanite--king Arad--dwelling in the south, heareth that Israel hath come the way of the Atharim, and he fighteth against Israel, and taketh some of them captive.
Exposition: Numbers 21:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And when king Arad the Canaanite, which dwelt in the south, heard tell that Israel came by the way of the spies; then he fought against Israel, and took some of them prisoners.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:2
Hebrew
וַיִּדַּר יִשְׂרָאֵל נֶדֶר לַֽיהוָה וַיֹּאמַר אִם־נָתֹן תִּתֵּן אֶת־הָעָם הַזֶּה בְּיָדִי וְהֽ͏ַחֲרַמְתִּי אֶת־עָרֵיהֶֽם׃vayidar-yishera'el-neder-layhvah-vayo'mar-'im-naton-titen-'et-ha'am-hazeh-veyadiy-vehacharametiy-'et-'areyhem
KJV: And Israel vowed a vow unto the LORD, and said, If thou wilt indeed deliver this people into my hand, then I will utterly destroy their cities.
AKJV: And Israel vowed a vow to the LORD, and said, If you will indeed deliver this people into my hand, then I will utterly destroy their cities.
ASV: And Israel vowed a vow unto Jehovah, and said, If thou wilt indeed deliver this people into my hand, then I will utterly destroy their cities.
YLT: And Israel voweth a vow to Jehovah, and saith, `If Thou dost certainly give this people into my hand, then I have devoted their cities;'
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:2Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:2
Numbers 21:2 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And Israel vowed a vow unto the LORD, and said, If thou wilt indeed deliver this people into my hand, then I will utterly destroy their cities.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:2
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:2
Exposition: Numbers 21:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Israel vowed a vow unto the LORD, and said, If thou wilt indeed deliver this people into my hand, then I will utterly destroy their cities.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:3
Hebrew
וַיִּשְׁמַע יְהוָה בְּקוֹל יִשְׂרָאֵל וַיִּתֵּן אֶת־הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי וַיַּחֲרֵם אֶתְהֶם וְאֶת־עָרֵיהֶם וַיִּקְרָא שֵׁם־הַמָּקוֹם חָרְמָֽה׃vayishema'-yehvah-veqvol-yishera'el-vayiten-'et-hakhena'aniy-vayacharem-'etehem-ve'et-'areyhem-vayiqera'-shem-hamaqvom-charemah
KJV: And the LORD hearkened to the voice of Israel, and delivered up the Canaanites; and they utterly destroyed them and their cities: and he called the name of the place Hormah.
AKJV: And the LORD listened to the voice of Israel, and delivered up the Canaanites; and they utterly destroyed them and their cities: and he called the name of the place Hormah. ¶
ASV: And Jehovah hearkened to the voice of Israel, and delivered up the Canaanites; and they utterly destroyed them and their cities: and the name of the place was called Hormah.
YLT: and Jehovah hearkeneth to the voice of Israel, and giveth up the Canaanite, and he devoteth them and their cities, and calleth the name of the place Hormah.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:3Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:3
Numbers 21:3 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And the LORD hearkened to the voice of Israel, and delivered up the Canaanites; and they utterly destroyed them and their cities: and he called the name of the place Hormah.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:3
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:3
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Israel
- Canaanites
- Hormah
Exposition: Numbers 21:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the LORD hearkened to the voice of Israel, and delivered up the Canaanites; and they utterly destroyed them and their cities: and he called the name of the place Hormah.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:4
Hebrew
וַיִּסְעוּ מֵהֹר הָהָר דֶּרֶךְ יַם־סוּף לִסְבֹב אֶת־אֶרֶץ אֱדוֹם וַתִּקְצַר נֶֽפֶשׁ־הָעָם בַּדָּֽרֶךְ׃vayise'v-mehor-hahar-derekhe-yam-svf-lisevov-'et-'eretz-'edvom-vatiqetzar-nefesh-ha'am-vadarekhe
KJV: And they journeyed from mount Hor by the way of the Red sea, to compass the land of Edom: and the soul of the people was much discouraged because of the way.
AKJV: And they journeyed from mount Hor by the way of the Red sea, to compass the land of Edom: and the soul of the people was much discouraged because of the way.
ASV: And they journeyed from mount Hor by the way to the Red Sea, to compass the land of Edom: and the soul of the people was much discouraged because of the way.
YLT: And they journey from mount Hor, the way of the Red Sea, to compass the land of Edom, and the soul of the people is short in the way,
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:4Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:4
Numbers 21:4 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And they journeyed from mount Hor by the way of the Red sea, to compass the land of Edom: and the soul of the people was much discouraged because of the way.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:4
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:4
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Edom
Exposition: Numbers 21:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they journeyed from mount Hor by the way of the Red sea, to compass the land of Edom: and the soul of the people was much discouraged because of the way.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:5
Hebrew
וַיְדַבֵּר הָעָם בֵּֽאלֹהִים וּבְמֹשֶׁה לָמָה הֶֽעֱלִיתֻנוּ מִמִּצְרַיִם לָמוּת בַּמִּדְבָּר כִּי אֵין לֶחֶם וְאֵין מַיִם וְנַפְשֵׁנוּ קָצָה בַּלֶּחֶם הַקְּלֹקֵֽל׃vayedaver-ha'am-ve'lohiym-vvemosheh-lamah-he'eliytunv-mimitzerayim-lamvt-vamidevar-khiy-'eyn-lechem-ve'eyn-mayim-venafeshenv-qatzah-valechem-haqeloqel
KJV: And the people spake against God, and against Moses, Wherefore have ye brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness? for there is no bread, neither is there any water; and our soul loatheth this light bread.
AKJV: And the people spoke against God, and against Moses, Why have you brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness? for there is no bread, neither is there any water; and our soul loathes this light bread.
ASV: And the people spake against God, and against Moses, Wherefore have ye brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness? for there is no bread, and there is no water; and our soul loatheth this light bread.
YLT: and the people speak against God, and against Moses, `Why hast thou brought us up out of Egypt to die in a wilderness? for there is no bread, and there is no water, and our soul hath been weary of this light bread.'
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:5Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:5
Numbers 21:5 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And the people spake against God, and against Moses, Wherefore have ye brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness? for there is no bread, neither is there any water; and our soul loatheth this light bread.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:5
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:5
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Moses
Exposition: Numbers 21:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the people spake against God, and against Moses, Wherefore have ye brought us up out of Egypt to die in the wilderness? for there is no bread, neither is there any water; and our soul loatheth this light bread.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:6
Hebrew
וַיְשַׁלַּח יְהוָה בָּעָם אֵת הַנְּחָשִׁים הַשְּׂרָפִים וַֽיְנַשְּׁכוּ אֶת־הָעָם וַיָּמָת עַם־רָב מִיִּשְׂרָאֵֽל׃vayeshalach-yehvah-va'am-'et-hanechashiym-hasherafiym-vayenashekhv-'et-ha'am-vayamat-'am-rav-miyishera'el
KJV: And the LORD sent fiery serpents among the people, and they bit the people; and much people of Israel died.
AKJV: And the LORD sent fiery serpents among the people, and they bit the people; and much people of Israel died. ¶
ASV: And Jehovah sent fiery serpents among the people, and they bit the people; and much people of Israel died.
YLT: And Jehovah sendeth among the people the burning serpents, and they bite the people, and much people of Israel die;
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:6Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:6
Numbers 21:6 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And the LORD sent fiery serpents among the people, and they bit the people; and much people of Israel died.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:6
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:6
Exposition: Numbers 21:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the LORD sent fiery serpents among the people, and they bit the people; and much people of Israel died.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:7
Hebrew
וַיָּבֹא הָעָם אֶל־מֹשֶׁה וַיֹּאמְרוּ חָטָאנוּ כִּֽי־דִבַּרְנוּ בַֽיהוָה וָבָךְ הִתְפַּלֵּל אֶל־יְהוָה וְיָסֵר מֵעָלֵינוּ אֶת־הַנָּחָשׁ וַיִּתְפַּלֵּל מֹשֶׁה בְּעַד הָעָֽם׃vayavo'-ha'am-'el-mosheh-vayo'merv-chata'nv-khiy-divarenv-vayhvah-vavakhe-hitefalel-'el-yehvah-veyaser-me'aleynv-'et-hanachash-vayitefalel-mosheh-ve'ad-ha'am
KJV: Therefore the people came to Moses, and said, We have sinned, for we have spoken against the LORD, and against thee; pray unto the LORD, that he take away the serpents from us. And Moses prayed for the people.
AKJV: Therefore the people came to Moses, and said, We have sinned, for we have spoken against the LORD, and against you; pray to the LORD, that he take away the serpents from us. And Moses prayed for the people.
ASV: And the people came to Moses, and said, We have sinned, because we have spoken against Jehovah, and against thee; pray unto Jehovah, that he take away the serpents from us. And Moses prayed for the people.
YLT: and the people come in unto Moses and say, `We have sinned, for we have spoken against Jehovah, and against thee; pray unto Jehovah, and He doth turn aside from us the serpent;' and Moses prayeth in behalf of the people.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:7Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:7
Numbers 21:7 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Therefore the people came to Moses, and said, We have sinned, for we have spoken against the LORD, and against thee; pray unto the LORD, that he take away the serpents from us. And Moses prayed for the people.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:7
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:7
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Ray
- Moses
Exposition: Numbers 21:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Therefore the people came to Moses, and said, We have sinned, for we have spoken against the LORD, and against thee; pray unto the LORD, that he take away the serpents from us. And Moses prayed for the people.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:8
Hebrew
וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה עֲשֵׂה לְךָ שָׂרָף וְשִׂים אֹתוֹ עַל־נֵס וְהָיָה כָּל־הַנָּשׁוּךְ וְרָאָה אֹתוֹ וָחָֽי׃vayo'mer-yehvah-'el-mosheh-'asheh-lekha-sharaf-veshiym-'otvo-'al-nes-vehayah-khal-hanashvkhe-vera'ah-'otvo-vachay
KJV: And the LORD said unto Moses, Make thee a fiery serpent, and set it upon a pole: and it shall come to pass, that every one that is bitten, when he looketh upon it, shall live.
AKJV: And the LORD said to Moses, Make you a fiery serpent, and set it on a pole: and it shall come to pass, that every one that is bitten, when he looks on it, shall live.
ASV: And Jehovah said unto Moses, Make thee a fiery serpent, and set it upon a standard: and it shall come to pass, that every one that is bitten, when he seeth it, shall live.
YLT: And Jehovah saith unto Moses, `Make for thee a burning serpent , and set it on an ensign; and it hath been, every one who is bitten and hath seen it--he hath lived.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:8Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:8
Numbers 21:8 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And the LORD said unto Moses, Make thee a fiery serpent, and set it upon a pole: and it shall come to pass, that every one that is bitten, when he looketh upon it, shall live.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:8
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:8
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Moses
Exposition: Numbers 21:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the LORD said unto Moses, Make thee a fiery serpent, and set it upon a pole: and it shall come to pass, that every one that is bitten, when he looketh upon it, shall live.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:9
Hebrew
וַיַּעַשׂ מֹשֶׁה נְחַשׁ נְחֹשֶׁת וַיְשִׂמֵהוּ עַל־הַנֵּס וְהָיָה אִם־נָשַׁךְ הַנָּחָשׁ אֶת־אִישׁ וְהִבִּיט אֶל־נְחַשׁ הַנְּחֹשֶׁת וָחָֽי׃vaya'ash-mosheh-nechash-nechoshet-vayeshimehv-'al-hanes-vehayah-'im-nashakhe-hanachash-'et-'iysh-vehiviyt-'el-nechash-hanechoshet-vachay
KJV: And Moses made a serpent of brass, and put it upon a pole, and it came to pass, that if a serpent had bitten any man, when he beheld the serpent of brass, he lived.
AKJV: And Moses made a serpent of brass, and put it on a pole, and it came to pass, that if a serpent had bitten any man, when he beheld the serpent of brass, he lived. ¶
ASV: And Moses made a serpent of brass, and set it upon the standard: and it came to pass, that if a serpent had bitten any man, when he looked unto the serpent of brass, he lived.
YLT: And Moses maketh a serpent of brass, and setteth it on the ensign, and it hath been, if the serpent hath bitten any man, and he hath looked expectingly unto the serpent of brass--he hath lived.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:9Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:9
Numbers 21:9 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And Moses made a serpent of brass, and put it upon a pole, and it came to pass, that if a serpent had bitten any man, when he beheld the serpent of brass, he lived.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:9
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:9
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Moses
Exposition: Numbers 21:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Moses made a serpent of brass, and put it upon a pole, and it came to pass, that if a serpent had bitten any man, when he beheld the serpent of brass, he lived.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:10
Hebrew
וַיִּסְעוּ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וַֽיַּחֲנוּ בְּאֹבֹֽת׃vayise'v-veney-yishera'el-vayachanv-ve'ovot
KJV: And the children of Israel set forward, and pitched in Oboth.
AKJV: And the children of Israel set forward, and pitched in Oboth.
ASV: And the children of Israel journeyed, and encamped in Oboth.
YLT: And the sons of Israel journey, and encamp in Oboth.
Commentary WitnessNumbers 21:10Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Numbers 21:10
<Profectique filii Israel castrametati,>etc. Tricesima septima mansio est in Oboth, quae vertitur in magos vel pythones. Quia post imaginem Dei, quae in cordis ratione monstratur, et confessione fidei, quae ore profertur, consurgunt serpentes et maleficae artes; nos autem omni custodia servantes cor nostrum, obturemus aures, ne audiamus voces incantantium et carmina sirenarum.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:10
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Oboth
- Dei
Exposition: Numbers 21:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the children of Israel set forward, and pitched in Oboth.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:11
Hebrew
וַיִּסְעוּ מֵאֹבֹת וַֽיַּחֲנוּ בְּעִיֵּי הָֽעֲבָרִים בַּמִּדְבָּר אֲשֶׁר עַל־פְּנֵי מוֹאָב מִמִּזְרַח הַשָּֽׁמֶשׁ׃vayise'v-me'ovot-vayachanv-ve'iyey-ha'avariym-vamidevar-'asher-'al-feney-mvo'av-mimizerach-hashamesh
KJV: And they journeyed from Oboth, and pitched at Ije–abarim, in the wilderness which is before Moab, toward the sunrising.
AKJV: And they journeyed from Oboth, and pitched at Ijeabarim, in the wilderness which is before Moab, toward the sun rise. ¶
ASV: And they journeyed from Oboth, and encamped at Iye-abarim, in the wilderness which is before Moab, toward the sunrising.
YLT: And they journey from Oboth, and encamp in Ije-Abarim, in the wilderness that is on the front of Moab, at the rising of the sun.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:11Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:11
Numbers 21:11 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And they journeyed from Oboth, and pitched at Ije–abarim, in the wilderness which is before Moab, toward the sunrising.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:11
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:11
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Oboth
- Moab
Exposition: Numbers 21:11 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they journeyed from Oboth, and pitched at Ije–abarim, in the wilderness which is before Moab, toward the sunrising.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:12
Hebrew
מִשָּׁם נָסָעוּ וַֽיַּחֲנוּ בְּנַחַל זָֽרֶד׃misham-nasa'v-vayachanv-venachal-zared
KJV: From thence they removed, and pitched in the valley of Zared.
AKJV: From there they removed, and pitched in the valley of Zared.
ASV: From thence they journeyed, and encamped in the valley of Zered.
YLT: From thence they have journeyed, and encamp in the valley of Zared.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:12Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:12
Numbers 21:12 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'From thence they removed, and pitched in the valley of Zared.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:12
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:12
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Zared
Exposition: Numbers 21:12 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'From thence they removed, and pitched in the valley of Zared.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:13
Hebrew
מִשָּׁם נָסָעוּ וַֽיַּחֲנוּ מֵעֵבֶר אַרְנוֹן אֲשֶׁר בַּמִּדְבָּר הַיֹּצֵא מִגְּבוּל הָֽאֱמֹרִי כִּי אַרְנוֹן גְּבוּל מוֹאָב בֵּין מוֹאָב וּבֵין הָאֱמֹרִֽי׃misham-nasa'v-vayachanv-me'ever-'arenvon-'asher-vamidevar-hayotze'-migevvl-ha'emoriy-khiy-'arenvon-gevvl-mvo'av-veyn-mvo'av-vveyn-ha'emoriy
KJV: From thence they removed, and pitched on the other side of Arnon, which is in the wilderness that cometh out of the coasts of the Amorites: for Arnon is the border of Moab, between Moab and the Amorites.
AKJV: From there they removed, and pitched on the other side of Arnon, which is in the wilderness that comes out of the coasts of the Amorites: for Arnon is the border of Moab, between Moab and the Amorites.
ASV: From thence they journeyed, and encamped on the other side of the Arnon, which is in the wilderness, that cometh out of the border of the Amorites: for the Arnon is the border of Moab, between Moab and the Amorites.
YLT: From thence they have journeyed, and encamp beyond Arnon, which is in the wilderness which is coming out of the border of the Amorite, for Arnon is the border of Moab, between Moab and the Amorite;
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:13Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:13
Numbers 21:13 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'From thence they removed, and pitched on the other side of Arnon, which is in the wilderness that cometh out of the coasts of the Amorites: for Arnon is the border of Moab, between Moab and the Amorites.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:13
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:13
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Arnon
- Amorites
- Moab
Exposition: Numbers 21:13 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'From thence they removed, and pitched on the other side of Arnon, which is in the wilderness that cometh out of the coasts of the Amorites: for Arnon is the border of Moab, between Moab and the Amorites.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:14
Hebrew
עַל־כֵּן יֵֽאָמַר בְּסֵפֶר מִלְחֲמֹת יְהוָה אֶת־וָהֵב בְּסוּפָה וְאֶת־הַנְּחָלִים אַרְנֽוֹן׃'al-khen-ye'amar-vesefer-milechamot-yehvah-'et-vahev-vesvfah-ve'et-hanechaliym-'arenvon
KJV: Wherefore it is said in the book of the wars of the LORD, What he did in the Red sea, and in the brooks of Arnon,
AKJV: Why it is said in the book of the wars of the LORD, What he did in the Red sea, and in the brooks of Arnon,
ASV: Wherefore it is said in the book of the Wars of Jehovah, Vaheb in Suphah,
YLT: therefore it is said in a book, The wars of Jehovah,' --Waheb in Suphah, And the brooks of Arnon;
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:14Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:14
Numbers 21:14 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Wherefore it is said in the book of the wars of the LORD, What he did in the Red sea, and in the brooks of Arnon,'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:14
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:14
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Arnon
Exposition: Numbers 21:14 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Wherefore it is said in the book of the wars of the LORD, What he did in the Red sea, and in the brooks of Arnon,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:15
Hebrew
וְאֶשֶׁד הַנְּחָלִים אֲשֶׁר נָטָה לְשֶׁבֶת עָר וְנִשְׁעַן לִגְבוּל מוֹאָֽב׃ve'eshed-hanechaliym-'asher-natah-leshevet-'ar-venishe'an-ligevvl-mvo'av
KJV: And at the stream of the brooks that goeth down to the dwelling of Ar, and lieth upon the border of Moab.
AKJV: And at the stream of the brooks that goes down to the dwelling of Ar, and lies on the border of Moab.
ASV: And the slope of the valleys
YLT: And the spring of the brooks, Which turned aside to the dwelling of Ar, And hath leaned to the border of Moab.'
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:15Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:15
Numbers 21:15 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And at the stream of the brooks that goeth down to the dwelling of Ar, and lieth upon the border of Moab.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:15
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:15
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Ar
- Moab
Exposition: Numbers 21:15 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And at the stream of the brooks that goeth down to the dwelling of Ar, and lieth upon the border of Moab.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:16
Hebrew
וּמִשָּׁם בְּאֵרָה הִוא הַבְּאֵר אֲשֶׁר אָמַר יְהוָה לְמֹשֶׁה אֱסֹף אֶת־הָעָם וְאֶתְּנָה לָהֶם מָֽיִם׃vmisham-ve'erah-hiv'-have'er-'asher-'amar-yehvah-lemosheh-'esof-'et-ha'am-ve'etenah-lahem-mayim
KJV: And from thence they went to Beer: that is the well whereof the LORD spake unto Moses, Gather the people together, and I will give them water.
AKJV: And from there they went to Beer: that is the well whereof the LORD spoke to Moses, Gather the people together, and I will give them water. ¶
ASV: And from thence they journeyed to Beer: that is the well whereof Jehovah said unto Moses, Gather the people together, and I will give them water.
YLT: And from thence they journeyed to Beer; it is the well concerning which Jehovah said to Moses, `Gather the people, and I give to them--water.'
Commentary WitnessNumbers 21:16Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Numbers 21:16
<Ex eo loco,>etc. ORIG., hom. 12 in Num. Quid est quod magnopere praecipit Dominus, etc., usque ad quia una est substantia et natura Trinitatis. ID., ibid. Possunt et illi putei videri, etc., usque ad et terram removit, quam injecerant Philistaei. Notandum autem quia, dum viveret Abraham, non sunt ausi Philistaei replere puteos aut injicere terram, sed eo mortuo invaluerunt et insidiati sunt puteis ejus, sed reparantur per Isaac. Puer quoque Abrahae ad puteos invenit Rebeccam, quae interpretatur Patientia: haec efficitur uxor Isaac, sed apud puteos Gen. 24, 29.; similiter Jacob cum ad Mesopotamiam venit habens praeceptum patris, ne alienigenam duceret uxorem, apud puteos invenit Rachel; et Moyses Sephoram Exod. 2.. Si ergo intellexisti quae et quales sint sanctorum uxores, si vis patientiam in conjugium sumere, vel sapientiam et alias animi virtutes, et dicere quod de sapientia dictum est: <Hanc quaesivi mihi ducere uxorem>Sap. 8., esto assidue circa puteos istos, et ibi reperies hujusmodi conjugem, quia apud viventis verbi fluenta certum est habitare virtutes. Sunt ergo multi putei intra animam, et alii plurimi in singulis Scripturarum sermonibus et sensibus: est tamen hic eminentior <quem foderunt,>non quicunque homines, sed <principes,>et horum sublimiores, quos appellavit reges. Ideo in hymnis canitur Deo apud hunc puteum, et scriptum est quoniam hic est puteus super quo locutus est Dominus Moysi: <Congrega populum et dabo ei aquam de puteo.><Congrega populum et dabo.>Lex convocat te ad puteum, Christum, scilicet Dei Filium, propria quidem substantia subsistentem, uno tamen cum Patre et Spiritu Deitatis fonte nominatum. Ad hunc ergo puteum, id est ad Christi fidem convocat te lex. Inde ipse dicit: quia <Moyses de me scripsit>Joan. 4.. Vocat autem ut bibamus aquas, et cantemus ei canticum, id est, <corde credamus ad justitiam et ore confiteamur ad salutem>Rom. 10.. <Foderunt illum principes et excuderunt reges.>Principes ergo foderunt, reges excuderunt, quod ab excudendo, non excidendo dictum est. Excudi enim dicitur, quod in saxo caeditur vel formatur. Principes ergo tanquam inferiores foderunt, id est quasi in terrae mollitiem altitudinem quamdam demerserunt: hi vero quos reges appellat, quasi fortiores, non solum terrae profundum, sed saxi duritiam penetrant, ut perveniant ad profundiores aquas, et ipsas abyssi venas perscrutentur, scientes judicia Dei esse abyssum multam. Hi sunt apostoli, quorum aliquis dicit: <Nobis autem revelavit Deus per Spiritum suum; Spiritus enim omnia scrutatur etiam alta Dei>I Cor. 2.. Qui ergo per Spiritum sanctum possunt alta scrutari et penetrare profunda mysteria putei, reges esse dicuntur, qui puteum in petra excuderunt, quia dura et difficilia scientiae penetrarunt secreta. Foderunt ergo putenm istum principes, et excuderunt reges gentium, id est, Apostoli, qui gentes congregaverunt ad obediendum fidei, et omnibus patefecerunt scientiam Christi, in quo sunt omnes thesauri sapientiae et scientiae absconditi. Impleverunt enim mandatum Dei, <docentes omnes gentes, et baptizantes eos in nomine Patris et Filii et Spiritus sancti>Matth. 28.. Et per hoc excuderunt, id est, patefecerunt scientiam putei. Haec quoque quae in manibus habemus, nobis puteus est, et omnis Scriptura legis et prophetarum: evangelica quoque et apostolica simul unus puteus est, quem non possunt fodere vel excudere, nisi reges et principes, qui scilicet possunt auferre terram et amovere superficiem litterae, et de inferiori petra, ubi Christus est, spiritales sensus velut aquam vivam proferre. Reges dicuntur, quia peccati regnum expulerunt, et justitiae regnum in membris suis posuerunt. Decet enim eum docere caeteros, qui prius fecerit quae docet, unde: <Qui fecerit et docuerit sic homines, magnus vocabitur in regno coelorum>Matth. 5.; magnum autem in regno esse, est regem esse.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:16
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Num
- Dominus
- Trinitatis
- Philistaei
- Abraham
- Isaac
- Rebeccam
- Patientia
- Gen
- Rachel
- Moyses Sephoram Exod
- Sap
- Dominus Moysi
- Christum
- Dei Filium
- Joan
- Rom
- Cor
- Apostoli
- Christi
- Dei
- Matth
Exposition: Numbers 21:16 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And from thence they went to Beer: that is the well whereof the LORD spake unto Moses, Gather the people together, and I will give them water.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:17
Hebrew
אָז יָשִׁיר יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת־הַשִּׁירָה הַזֹּאת עֲלִי בְאֵר עֱנוּ־לָֽהּ׃'az-yashiyr-yishera'el-'et-hashiyrah-hazo't-'aliy-ve'er-'env-lah
KJV: Then Israel sang this song, Spring up, O well; sing ye unto it:
AKJV: Then Israel sang this song, Spring up, O well; sing you to it:
ASV: Then sang Israel this song: Spring up, O well; sing ye unto it:
YLT: Then singeth Israel this song, concerning the well--they have answered to it:
Commentary WitnessNumbers 21:17Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Numbers 21:17
<Ascendat puteus.>ORIG. Initiate illi puteum, id est initium omnium ponite puteum, quia ipse est principium et primogenitus omnis creaturae Apoc. 3.. Vel sic, ut verba dirigantur ex persona Moysi ad populum: Date initium cordi vestro, ut incipiat intelligere quid sit puteus, de quo spirituales aquae hauriendae sunt, et reficiendus est populus credentium. Initiate ergo ei, id est Israeli, hunc puteum, ut sensum mysticum si quis ex corde videt, Deum de profundis possit haurire. Ad hunc puteum Moyses, id est lex congregat, ad quem videtur aliquis pervenire, sed nisi per Moysen congregetur non est Deo acceptus. Marcion videtur sibi venisse, et Basilides, et Valentinus: sed quia non venerunt per Moysen, nec acceperunt legem et prophetas, non possunt laudare Deum de fontibus Israel. Non veniunt ergo ad puteum tales, <quem foderunt principes>Gen. 14. et excuderunt reges. Est autem vallis salsa in qua sunt putei bituminis: omnis autem haeresis et omne peccatum in valle est, et in valle salsa. Peccatum enim non ascendit sursum, sed semper ad ima et inferiora descendit. Est ergo in valle positus, salsus et amarus omnis haereticus sensus, et omnis peccati actus. Quid enim dulce, quid suave potest habere peccatum? Si autem veneris ad haereticam sententiam et amaritudinem peccati, venisti ad puteos bituminis, quod est esca et nutrimentum ignis Si gustaveris aquam de his puteis, si haereticum sensum et peccati amaritudinem receperis, fomenta ignis et gehennae incendia in te praeparabis. Talibus dicitur: <Incedite in lumine ignis vestri,>etc. Isa. L.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:17
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Apoc
- Israeli
- Moyses
- Basilides
- Valentinus
- Moysen
- Israel
- Gen
- Isa
Exposition: Numbers 21:17 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Then Israel sang this song, Spring up, O well; sing ye unto it:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:18
Hebrew
בְּאֵר חֲפָרוּהָ שָׂרִים כָּרוּהָ נְדִיבֵי הָעָם בִּמְחֹקֵק בְּמִשְׁעֲנֹתָם וּמִמִּדְבָּר מַתָּנָֽה׃ve'er-chafarvha-shariym-kharvha-nediyvey-ha'am-vimechoqeq-vemishe'anotam-vmimidevar-matanah
KJV: The princes digged the well, the nobles of the people digged it, by the direction of the lawgiver, with their staves. And from the wilderness they went to Mattanah:
AKJV: The princes dig the well, the nobles of the people dig it, by the direction of the lawgiver, with their staves. And from the wilderness they went to Mattanah:
ASV: The well, which the princes digged,
YLT: `A well--digged it have princes, Prepared it have nobles of the people, With the lawgiver, with their staves.' And from the wilderness they journeyed to Mattanah,
Commentary WitnessNumbers 21:18Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Numbers 21:18
<Principes.>Possunt iidem vocari principes et reges. Vel principes prophetas intelligamus: ipsi enim sensum et prophetiam de Christo defossam in profunditate litterae collocaverunt, ideo de illis dicitur: <Nisi occulte audieritis, plorabit anima vestra.>Et alibi: <Quam magna multitudo dulcedinis tuae, Domine, quam abscondisti timentibus te>Psal. 30.. Reges sunt apostoli qui perscrutantur alta Dei et Ecclesias regunt, unde et Christus dicitur Rex regum. <Et paraverunt duces.>ORIG. <Excuderunt,>inquit, etc., usque ad et verbi Dei arcana perscrutantes. <Profectique sunt.>ORIG. Profecti a puteo, etc., usque ad ut affectus noster et fides probetur. Qui de hoc puteo bibit, ad hoc proficit ut habeat munera quae Deo offerat, de quibus in lege dicitur: <Munera mea data mea.>Levit. 2.. Ex his ergo quae Deus dedit, offertur Deo; dedit autem agnitionem sui, et homo offert ei fidem suam et affectum. Cum obtulerimus quae ex nobis sunt, consequimur quae ex Deo sunt. Cum enim nostram fidem et affectum obtulerimus, tunc ipse largitur diversa dona Spiritus sancti, de quo dicitur: <Omnia autem ex Deo sunt>Rom. 11..
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:18
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Principes
- Domine
- Psal
- Excuderunt
- Levit
- Deo
- Rom
Exposition: Numbers 21:18 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'The princes digged the well, the nobles of the people digged it, by the direction of the lawgiver, with their staves. And from the wilderness they went to Mattanah:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:19
Hebrew
וּמִמַּתָּנָה נַחֲלִיאֵל וּמִנַּחֲלִיאֵל בָּמֽוֹת׃vmimatanah-nachaliy'el-vminachaliy'el-vamvot
KJV: And from Mattanah to Nahaliel: and from Nahaliel to Bamoth:
AKJV: And from Mattanah to Nahaliel: and from Nahaliel to Bamoth:
ASV: and from Mattanah to Nahaliel; and from Nahaliel to Bamoth;
YLT: and from Mattanah to Nahaliel, and from Nahaliel to Bamoth,
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:19Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:19
Numbers 21:19 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And from Mattanah to Nahaliel: and from Nahaliel to Bamoth:'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:19
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:19
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Nahaliel
- Bamoth
Exposition: Numbers 21:19 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And from Mattanah to Nahaliel: and from Nahaliel to Bamoth:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:20
Hebrew
וּמִבָּמוֹת הַגַּיְא אֲשֶׁר בִּשְׂדֵה מוֹאָב רֹאשׁ הַפִּסְגָּה וְנִשְׁקָפָה עַל־פְּנֵי הַיְשִׁימֹֽן׃vmivamvot-hagaye'-'asher-vishedeh-mvo'av-ro'sh-hafisegah-venisheqafah-'al-feney-hayeshiymon
KJV: And from Bamoth in the valley, that is in the country of Moab, to the top of Pisgah, which looketh toward Jeshimon.
AKJV: And from Bamoth in the valley, that is in the country of Moab, to the top of Pisgah, which looks toward Jeshimon. ¶
ASV: and from Bamoth to the valley that is in the field of Moab, to the top of Pisgah, which looketh down upon the desert.
YLT: and from Bamoth in the valley which is in the field of Moab to the top of Pisgah, which hath looked on the front of the wilderness.
Commentary WitnessNumbers 21:20Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Numbers 21:20
<In Bamoth.>Bamoth adventus mortis, qua scilicet commorimur, ut convivamus ei, et mortificamus membra nostra super terram. <Consepulti enim sumus illi per baptismum in morte>Rom. 6.. Qui enim ordinem salutaris viae tenet, debet per haec singulariter agere et post multa ad hunc locum venire. ORIG. <Et ex Bamoth,>inquit, etc., usque ad imo profectibus iter animae paratur ad coelum.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:20
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- In Bamoth
- Rom
- Bamoth
Exposition: Numbers 21:20 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And from Bamoth in the valley, that is in the country of Moab, to the top of Pisgah, which looketh toward Jeshimon.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:21
Hebrew
וַיִּשְׁלַח יִשְׂרָאֵל מַלְאָכִים אֶל־סִיחֹן מֶֽלֶךְ־הָאֱמֹרִי לֵאמֹֽר׃vayishelach-yishera'el-male'akhiym-'el-siychon-melekhe-ha'emoriy-le'mor
KJV: And Israel sent messengers unto Sihon king of the Amorites, saying,
AKJV: And Israel sent messengers to Sihon king of the Amorites, saying,
ASV: And Israel sent messengers unto Sihon king of the Amorites, saying,
YLT: And Israel sendeth messengers unto Sihon king of the Amorite, saying,
Commentary WitnessNumbers 21:21Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Numbers 21:21
<Misit autem.>ID. Mittit Israel legatos ad regem Amorrhaeorum, etc., usque ad congregat sibi lacus confractos vel contritos. <Ad Sehon regem.>Sehon, qui interpretatur arbor infructuosa, vel elatus, hic est rex Amorrhaeorum, qui interpretantur in amaritudinem adducentes vel loquentes. Hic est diabolus elatus et infructuosus, de quo dicitur: <Venit princeps mundi hujus, et in me non habet quidquam>Joan. 14.. Et alibi: <Ecce princeps hujus mundi mittetur foras>Joan. 12., non quia creavit mundum, sed quia in mundo peccatores sunt, et ipse peccati princeps est, secundum quod dicitur: <Quia omnis mundus in maligno positus es>Joan. 5., id est, ipse mundi princeps est.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:21
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Amorrhaeorum
- Sehon
- Joan
Exposition: Numbers 21:21 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Israel sent messengers unto Sihon king of the Amorites, saying,'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:22
Hebrew
אֶעְבְּרָה בְאַרְצֶךָ לֹא נִטֶּה בְּשָׂדֶה וּבְכֶרֶם לֹא נִשְׁתֶּה מֵי בְאֵר בְּדֶרֶךְ הַמֶּלֶךְ נֵלֵךְ עַד אֲשֶֽׁר־נַעֲבֹר גְּבֻלֶֽךָ׃'e'everah-ve'aretzekha-lo'-niteh-veshadeh-vvekherem-lo'-nisheteh-mey-ve'er-vederekhe-hamelekhe-nelekhe-'ad-'asher-na'avor-gevulekha
KJV: Let me pass through thy land: we will not turn into the fields, or into the vineyards; we will not drink of the waters of the well: but we will go along by the king’s high way, until we be past thy borders.
AKJV: Let me pass through your land: we will not turn into the fields, or into the vineyards; we will not drink of the waters of the well: but we will go along by the king’s high way, until we be past your borders.
ASV: Let me pass through thy land: we will not turn aside into field, or into vineyard; we will not drink of the water of the wells: we will go by the king’s highway, until we have passed thy border.
YLT: `Let me pass through thy land, we do not turn aside into a field, or into a vineyard, we do not drink waters of a well; in the king's way we go, till that we pass over thy border.'
Commentary WitnessNumbers 21:22Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Numbers 21:22
<Via regia.>Quae dicit: <Ego sum via, veritas et vita>Joan. 14.. De quo dicitur: <Deus, judicium tuum regi da>Psal. 71.. Hac incedendum est, et nusquam declinandum, nec in agrum nec in vineam, id est nec ad opera, nec ad sensus diabolicos, si volumus pacifice transire per mundum. Sed hoc magis incitat principem mundi quod dicimus nos nolle manere cum eo, vel morari, vel aliquid ejus contingere: inde irascitur et movet persecutiones et pericula, et cruciatus intentat. Inde dicit: <Congregavit Sehon populum suum,>etc.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:22
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Joan
- Deus
- Psal
Exposition: Numbers 21:22 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Let me pass through thy land: we will not turn into the fields, or into the vineyards; we will not drink of the waters of the well: but we will go along by the king’s high way, until we be past thy borders.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:23
Hebrew
וְלֹא־נָתַן סִיחֹן אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵל עֲבֹר בִּגְבֻלוֹ וַיֶּאֱסֹף סִיחֹן אֶת־כָּל־עַמּוֹ וַיֵּצֵא לִקְרַאת יִשְׂרָאֵל הַמִּדְבָּרָה וַיָּבֹא יָהְצָה וַיִּלָּחֶם בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃velo'-natan-siychon-'et-yishera'el-'avor-vigevulvo-vaye'esof-siychon-'et-khal-'amvo-vayetze'-liqera't-yishera'el-hamidevarah-vayavo'-yahetzah-vayilachem-veyishera'el
KJV: And Sihon would not suffer Israel to pass through his border: but Sihon gathered all his people together, and went out against Israel into the wilderness: and he came to Jahaz, and fought against Israel.
AKJV: And Sihon would not suffer Israel to pass through his border: but Sihon gathered all his people together, and went out against Israel into the wilderness: and he came to Jahaz, and fought against Israel.
ASV: And Sihon would not suffer Israel to pass through his border: but Sihon gathered all his people together, and went out against Israel into the wilderness, and came to Jahaz; and he fought against Israel.
YLT: And Sihon hath not suffered Israel to pass through his border, and Sihon gathereth all his people, and cometh out to meet Israel into the wilderness, and cometh in to Jahaz, and fighteth against Israel.
Commentary WitnessNumbers 21:23Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Numbers 21:23
<Exercitu:>principibus scilicet et judicibus mundi et omnibus nequitiae ministris, qui semper impugnant populum Dei. <In Jasa.>In Jasa, Hebraice <iahtsah>quod interpretatur Mandati impletio. Si enim veniamus ad impletionem mandatorum, superamus superbum et elatum: mandatum enim complere, est diabolum et exercitum ejus superare. Nihil enim nobis poterit nocere, si veniamus in <Jasa,>id est si praecepta Domini nostri Jesu Christi servemus.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:23
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Exercitu
- Dei
- In Jasa
- Jasa
Exposition: Numbers 21:23 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Sihon would not suffer Israel to pass through his border: but Sihon gathered all his people together, and went out against Israel into the wilderness: and he came to Jahaz, and fought against Israel.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:24
Hebrew
וַיַּכֵּהוּ יִשְׂרָאֵל לְפִי־חָרֶב וַיִּירַשׁ אֶת־אַרְצוֹ מֵֽאַרְנֹן עַד־יַבֹּק עַד־בְּנֵי עַמּוֹן כִּי עַז גְּבוּל בְּנֵי עַמּֽוֹן׃vayakhehv-yishera'el-lefiy-charev-vayiyrash-'et-'aretzvo-me'arenon-'ad-yavoq-'ad-veney-'amvon-khiy-'az-gevvl-veney-'amvon
KJV: And Israel smote him with the edge of the sword, and possessed his land from Arnon unto Jabbok, even unto the children of Ammon: for the border of the children of Ammon was strong.
AKJV: And Israel smote him with the edge of the sword, and possessed his land from Arnon to Jabbok, even to the children of Ammon: for the border of the children of Ammon was strong.
ASV: And Israel smote him with the edge of the sword, and possessed his land from the Arnon unto the Jabbok, even unto the children of Ammon; for the border of the children of Ammon was strong.
YLT: And Israel smiteth him by the mouth of the sword, and possesseth his land from Arnon unto Jabbok--unto the sons of Ammon; for the border of the sons of Ammon is strong.
Commentary WitnessNumbers 21:24Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Numbers 21:24
<In ore gladii. Vivus est sermo Dei, efficax, et penetrabilior omni gladio, etc.>Heb. 4.. De quo dicit Apostolus: <Et gladium Spiritus quod est verbum Dei>Eph. 5.. In hujus ore cadit Sehon, id est diabolus. <Terra ejus.>Omnis terrena regio terra Sehon dicitur; sed Christus et Ecclesia ejus in omni terra Sehon dominatur. RAB. Jeboc civitas finisque regni Sehon, etc., usque ad vocatum est nomen ejus Israel.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:24
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Dei
- Heb
- Apostolus
- Eph
- Sehon
- Israel
Exposition: Numbers 21:24 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Israel smote him with the edge of the sword, and possessed his land from Arnon unto Jabbok, even unto the children of Ammon: for the border of the children of Ammon was strong.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:25
Hebrew
וַיִּקַּח יִשְׂרָאֵל אֵת כָּל־הֶעָרִים הָאֵלֶּה וַיֵּשֶׁב יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּכָל־עָרֵי הָֽאֱמֹרִי בְּחֶשְׁבּוֹן וּבְכָל־בְּנֹתֶֽיהָ׃vayiqach-yishera'el-'et-khal-he'ariym-ha'eleh-vayeshev-yishera'el-vekhal-'arey-ha'emoriy-vecheshevvon-vvekhal-venoteyha
KJV: And Israel took all these cities: and Israel dwelt in all the cities of the Amorites, in Heshbon, and in all the villages thereof.
AKJV: And Israel took all these cities: and Israel dwelled in all the cities of the Amorites, in Heshbon, and in all the villages thereof.
ASV: And Israel took all these cities: and Israel dwelt in all the cities of the Amorites, in Heshbon, and in all the towns thereof.
YLT: And Israel taketh all these cities, and Israel dwelleth in all the cities of the Amorite, in Heshbon, and in all its villages;
Commentary WitnessNumbers 21:25Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Numbers 21:25
<Tulit ergo.>AUG., quaest. 44 in Num. Hic possedit Israel civitates Amorrhaeorum, etc., usque ad sed declinaverunt ab eis. <Israel.>ORIG., hom. 13 in Num. Qui in Christo Israel est, etc., usque ad et vult ut accendatur. ISID. In tricesima nona mansione, etc., usque ad et intellecta fortiter superatur.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:25
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Num
- Amorrhaeorum
- Israel
Exposition: Numbers 21:25 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Israel took all these cities: and Israel dwelt in all the cities of the Amorites, in Heshbon, and in all the villages thereof.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:26
Hebrew
כִּי חֶשְׁבּוֹן עִיר סִיחֹן מֶלֶךְ הָאֱמֹרִי הִוא וְהוּא נִלְחַם בְּמֶלֶךְ מוֹאָב הָֽרִאשׁוֹן וַיִּקַּח אֶת־כָּל־אַרְצוֹ מִיָּדוֹ עַד־אַרְנֹֽן׃khiy-cheshevvon-'iyr-siychon-melekhe-ha'emoriy-hiv'-vehv'-nilecham-vemelekhe-mvo'av-hari'shvon-vayiqach-'et-khal-'aretzvo-miyadvo-'ad-'arenon
KJV: For Heshbon was the city of Sihon the king of the Amorites, who had fought against the former king of Moab, and taken all his land out of his hand, even unto Arnon.
AKJV: For Heshbon was the city of Sihon the king of the Amorites, who had fought against the former king of Moab, and taken all his land out of his hand, even to Arnon.
ASV: For Heshbon was the city of Sihon the king of the Amorites, who had fought against the former king of Moab, and taken all his land out of his hand, even unto the Arnon.
YLT: for Heshbon is a city of Sihon king of the Amorite, and he hath fought against the former king of Moab, and taketh all his land out of his hand, unto Arnon;
Commentary WitnessNumbers 21:26Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Numbers 21:26
<Sehon regis.>Sehon, id est loquentis: qui enim sub diabolo agunt, tantum loqui norunt, sed inania loquuntur, ut pote astrologi aliqui et philosophi; fidelium autem regnum, quod a Deo est, non in sermone, sed in virtute Dei I Cor. 4.. <Moab.>RAB. Moab qui interpretatur, etc., usque ad corruunt et consumuntur.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:26
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Philo
- Sehon
- Cor
- Moab
Exposition: Numbers 21:26 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For Heshbon was the city of Sihon the king of the Amorites, who had fought against the former king of Moab, and taken all his land out of his hand, even unto Arnon.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:27
Hebrew
עַל־כֵּן יֹאמְרוּ הַמֹּשְׁלִים בֹּאוּ חֶשְׁבּוֹן תִּבָּנֶה וְתִכּוֹנֵן עִיר סִיחֽוֹן׃'al-khen-yo'merv-hamosheliym-vo'v-cheshevvon-tivaneh-vetikhvonen-'iyr-siychvon
KJV: Wherefore they that speak in proverbs say, Come into Heshbon, let the city of Sihon be built and prepared:
AKJV: Why they that speak in proverbs say, Come into Heshbon, let the city of Sihon be built and prepared:
ASV: Wherefore they that speak in proverbs say, Come ye to Heshbon;
YLT: therefore those using similes say--`Enter ye Heshbon, Let the city of Sihon be built and ready,
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:27Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:27
Numbers 21:27 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Wherefore they that speak in proverbs say, Come into Heshbon, let the city of Sihon be built and prepared:'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:27
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:27
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Heshbon
Exposition: Numbers 21:27 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Wherefore they that speak in proverbs say, Come into Heshbon, let the city of Sihon be built and prepared:'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:28
Hebrew
כִּי־אֵשׁ יָֽצְאָה מֵֽחֶשְׁבּוֹן לֶהָבָה מִקִּרְיַת סִיחֹן אָֽכְלָה עָר מוֹאָב בַּעֲלֵי בָּמוֹת אַרְנֹֽן׃khiy-'esh-yatze'ah-mecheshevvon-lehavah-miqireyat-siychon-'akhelah-'ar-mvo'av-va'aley-vamvot-'arenon
KJV: For there is a fire gone out of Heshbon, a flame from the city of Sihon: it hath consumed Ar of Moab, and the lords of the high places of Arnon.
AKJV: For there is a fire gone out of Heshbon, a flame from the city of Sihon: it has consumed Ar of Moab, and the lords of the high places of Arnon.
ASV: For a fire is gone out of Heshbon,
YLT: For fire hath gone out from Heshbon, A flame from the city of Sihon, It hath consumed Ar of Moab, Owners of the high places of Arnon.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:28Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:28
Numbers 21:28 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'For there is a fire gone out of Heshbon, a flame from the city of Sihon: it hath consumed Ar of Moab, and the lords of the high places of Arnon.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:28
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:28
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Heshbon
- Sihon
- Moab
- Arnon
Exposition: Numbers 21:28 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'For there is a fire gone out of Heshbon, a flame from the city of Sihon: it hath consumed Ar of Moab, and the lords of the high places of Arnon.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:29
Hebrew
אוֹי־לְךָ מוֹאָב אָבַדְתָּ עַם־כְּמוֹשׁ נָתַן בָּנָיו פְּלֵיטִם וּבְנֹתָיו בַּשְּׁבִית לְמֶלֶךְ אֱמֹרִי סִיחֽוֹן׃'voy-lekha-mvo'av-'avadeta-'am-khemvosh-natan-vanayv-feleytim-vvenotayv-vasheviyt-lemelekhe-'emoriy-siychvon
KJV: Woe to thee, Moab! thou art undone, O people of Chemosh: he hath given his sons that escaped, and his daughters, into captivity unto Sihon king of the Amorites.
AKJV: Woe to you, Moab! you are undone, O people of Chemosh: he has given his sons that escaped, and his daughters, into captivity to Sihon king of the Amorites.
ASV: Woe to thee, Moab!
YLT: Woe to thee, O Moab, Thou hast perished, O people of Chemosh, He hath given his sons who escape--Also his daughters--Into captivity, to a king of the Amorite--Sihon!
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:29Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:29
Numbers 21:29 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Woe to thee, Moab! thou art undone, O people of Chemosh: he hath given his sons that escaped, and his daughters, into captivity unto Sihon king of the Amorites.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:29
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:29
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Chemosh
- Amorites
Exposition: Numbers 21:29 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Woe to thee, Moab! thou art undone, O people of Chemosh: he hath given his sons that escaped, and his daughters, into captivity unto Sihon king of the Amorites.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:30
Hebrew
וַנִּירָם אָבַד חֶשְׁבּוֹן עַד־דִּיבוֹן וַנַּשִּׁים עַד־נֹפַח אֲשֶׁר עַד־מֵֽידְבָֽא׃vaniyram-'avad-cheshevvon-'ad-diyvvon-vanashiym-'ad-nofach-'asher-'ad-meydeva'
KJV: We have shot at them; Heshbon is perished even unto Dibon, and we have laid them waste even unto Nophah, which reacheth unto Medeba.
AKJV: We have shot at them; Heshbon is perished even to Dibon, and we have laid them waste even to Nophah, which reaches to Medeba. ¶
ASV: We have shot at them; Heshbon is perished even unto Dibon,
YLT: And we shoot them, Perished hath Heshbon unto Dibon, And we make desolate unto Nophah, Which is unto Medeba.'
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:30Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:30
Numbers 21:30 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'We have shot at them; Heshbon is perished even unto Dibon, and we have laid them waste even unto Nophah, which reacheth unto Medeba.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:30
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:30
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Dibon
- Nophah
- Medeba
Exposition: Numbers 21:30 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'We have shot at them; Heshbon is perished even unto Dibon, and we have laid them waste even unto Nophah, which reacheth unto Medeba.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:31
Hebrew
וַיֵּשֶׁב יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּאֶרֶץ הָאֱמֹרִֽי׃vayeshev-yishera'el-ve'eretz-ha'emoriy
KJV: Thus Israel dwelt in the land of the Amorites.
AKJV: Thus Israel dwelled in the land of the Amorites.
ASV: Thus Israel dwelt in the land of the Amorites.
YLT: And Israel dwelleth in the land of the Amorite,
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:31Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:31
Numbers 21:31 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'Thus Israel dwelt in the land of the Amorites.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:31
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:31
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Amorites
Exposition: Numbers 21:31 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'Thus Israel dwelt in the land of the Amorites.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:32
Hebrew
וַיִּשְׁלַח מֹשֶׁה לְרַגֵּל אֶת־יַעְזֵר וַֽיִּלְכְּדוּ בְּנֹתֶיהָ ויירש וַיּוֹרֶשׁ אֶת־הָאֱמֹרִי אֲשֶׁר־שָֽׁם׃vayishelach-mosheh-leragel-'et-ya'ezer-vayilekhedv-venoteyha-vyyrsh-vayvoresh-'et-ha'emoriy-'asher-sham
KJV: And Moses sent to spy out Jaazer, and they took the villages thereof, and drove out the Amorites that were there.
AKJV: And Moses sent to spy out Jaazer, and they took the villages thereof, and drove out the Amorites that were there. ¶
ASV: And Moses sent to spy out Jazer; and they took the towns thereof, and drove out the Amorites that were there.
YLT: and Moses sendeth to spy out Jaazer, and they capture its villages, and dispossess the Amorite who is there,
Commentary WitnessNumbers 21:32Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
Numbers 21:32
<Jazer,>id est fortitudinem eorum. Fortissima scilicet haereticorum dogmata dialectica arte constructa. <Et possederunt.>Ab errore convertendo et praecepta Domini docendo, ut de eorum. correctione et profectu coelestem sibi patriam acquirerent.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:32
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Jazer
Exposition: Numbers 21:32 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And Moses sent to spy out Jaazer, and they took the villages thereof, and drove out the Amorites that were there.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:33
Hebrew
וַיִּפְנוּ וַֽיַּעֲלוּ דֶּרֶךְ הַבָּשָׁן וַיֵּצֵא עוֹג מֶֽלֶךְ־הַבָּשָׁן לִקְרָאתָם הוּא וְכָל־עַמּוֹ לַמִּלְחָמָה אֶדְרֶֽעִי׃vayifenv-vaya'alv-derekhe-havashan-vayetze'-'vog-melekhe-havashan-liqera'tam-hv'-vekhal-'amvo-lamilechamah-'edere'iy
KJV: And they turned and went up by the way of Bashan: and Og the king of Bashan went out against them, he, and all his people, to the battle at Edrei.
AKJV: And they turned and went up by the way of Bashan: and Og the king of Bashan went out against them, he, and all his people, to the battle at Edrei.
ASV: And they turned and went up by the way of Bashan: and Og the king of Bashan went out against them, he and all his people, to battle at Edrei.
YLT: and turn and go up the way of Bashan, and Og king of Bashan cometh out to meet them, he and all his people, to battle, at Edrei.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:33Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:33
Numbers 21:33 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And they turned and went up by the way of Bashan: and Og the king of Bashan went out against them, he, and all his people, to the battle at Edrei.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:33
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:33
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Bashan
- Edrei
Exposition: Numbers 21:33 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And they turned and went up by the way of Bashan: and Og the king of Bashan went out against them, he, and all his people, to the battle at Edrei.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:34
Hebrew
וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל־מֹשֶׁה אַל־תִּירָא אֹתוֹ כִּי בְיָדְךָ נָתַתִּי אֹתוֹ וְאֶת־כָּל־עַמּוֹ וְאֶת־אַרְצוֹ וְעָשִׂיתָ לּוֹ כַּאֲשֶׁר עָשִׂיתָ לְסִיחֹן מֶלֶךְ הָֽאֱמֹרִי אֲשֶׁר יוֹשֵׁב בְּחֶשְׁבּֽוֹן׃vayo'mer-yehvah-'el-mosheh-'al-tiyra'-'otvo-khiy-veyadekha-natatiy-'otvo-ve'et-khal-'amvo-ve'et-'aretzvo-ve'ashiyta-lvo-kha'asher-'ashiyta-lesiychon-melekhe-ha'emoriy-'asher-yvoshev-vecheshevvon
KJV: And the LORD said unto Moses, Fear him not: for I have delivered him into thy hand, and all his people, and his land; and thou shalt do to him as thou didst unto Sihon king of the Amorites, which dwelt at Heshbon.
AKJV: And the LORD said to Moses, Fear him not: for I have delivered him into your hand, and all his people, and his land; and you shall do to him as you did to Sihon king of the Amorites, which dwelled at Heshbon.
ASV: And Jehovah said unto Moses, Fear him not: for I have delivered him into thy hand, and all his people, and his land; and thou shalt do to him as thou didst unto Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt at Heshbon.
YLT: And Jehovah saith unto Moses, `Fear him not, for into thy hand I have given him, and all his people, and his land, and thou hast done to him as thou hast done to Sihon king of the Amorite, who is dwelling in Heshbon.'
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:34Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:34
Numbers 21:34 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'And the LORD said unto Moses, Fear him not: for I have delivered him into thy hand, and all his people, and his land; and thou shalt do to him as thou didst unto Sihon king of the Amorites, which dwelt at Heshbon.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:34
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:34
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Moses
- Amorites
- Heshbon
Exposition: Numbers 21:34 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'And the LORD said unto Moses, Fear him not: for I have delivered him into thy hand, and all his people, and his land; and thou shalt do to him as thou didst unto Sihon king of the Amorites, which dwelt at Heshbon.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Numbers 21:35
Hebrew
וַיַּכּוּ אֹתוֹ וְאֶת־בָּנָיו וְאֶת־כָּל־עַמּוֹ עַד־בִּלְתִּי הִשְׁאִֽיר־לוֹ שָׂרִיד וַיִּֽירְשׁוּ אֶת־אַרְצֽוֹ׃vayakhv-'otvo-ve'et-vanayv-ve'et-khal-'amvo-'ad-viletiy-hishe'iyr-lvo-shariyd-vayiyreshv-'et-'aretzvo
KJV: So they smote him, and his sons, and all his people, until there was none left him alive: and they possessed his land.
AKJV: So they smote him, and his sons, and all his people, until there was none left him alive: and they possessed his land.
ASV: So they smote him, and his sons and all his people, until there was none left him remaining: and they possessed his land.
YLT: And they smite him, and his sons, and all his people, until he hath not left to him a remnant, and they possess his land.
Commentary Witness (Generated)Numbers 21:35Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
Numbers 21:35
Numbers 21:35 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'So they smote him, and his sons, and all his people, until there was none left him alive: and they possessed his land.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:35
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Biblical cross-references named in the witness
- Numbers 21:35
Exposition: Numbers 21:35 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'So they smote him, and his sons, and all his people, until there was none left him alive: and they possessed his land.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Citation trailOpen the commentary counts, references, and named sources.
Scholarly apparatus
Commentary citation index
This chapter now surfaces commentary as quoted witness material with an explicit citation trail. The index below gathers the canonical references and named authorities detected inside the commentary layer for faster academic review.
Direct commentary witnesses
13
Generated editorial witnesses
22
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Canonical references surfaced in commentary
- Numbers 21:1
- Numbers 21:2
- Numbers 21:3
- Numbers 21:4
- Numbers 21:5
- Numbers 21:6
- Numbers 21:7
- Numbers 21:8
- Numbers 21:9
- Numbers 21:10
- Numbers 21:11
- Numbers 21:12
- Numbers 21:13
- Numbers 21:14
- Numbers 21:15
- Numbers 21:16
- Numbers 21:17
- Numbers 21:18
- Numbers 21:19
- Numbers 21:20
- Numbers 21:21
- Numbers 21:22
- Numbers 21:23
- Numbers 21:24
- Numbers 21:25
- Numbers 21:26
- Numbers 21:27
- Numbers 21:28
- Numbers 21:29
- Numbers 21:30
- Numbers 21:31
- Numbers 21:32
- Numbers 21:33
- Numbers 21:34
- Numbers 21:35
Named authorities or texts surfaced in commentary
- Israel
- Canaanites
- Hormah
- Edom
- Moses
- Ray
- Oboth
- Dei
- Moab
- Zared
- Arnon
- Amorites
- Ar
- Num
- Dominus
- Trinitatis
- Philistaei
- Abraham
- Isaac
- Rebeccam
- Patientia
- Gen
- Rachel
- Moyses Sephoram Exod
- Sap
- Dominus Moysi
- Christum
- Dei Filium
- Joan
- Rom
- Cor
- Apostoli
- Christi
- Matth
- Apoc
- Israeli
- Moyses
- Basilides
- Valentinus
- Moysen
- Isa
- Principes
- Domine
- Psal
- Excuderunt
- Levit
- Deo
- Nahaliel
- Bamoth
- In Bamoth
- Amorrhaeorum
- Sehon
- Deus
- Exercitu
- In Jasa
- Jasa
- Heb
- Apostolus
- Eph
- Philo
- Heshbon
- Sihon
- Chemosh
- Dibon
- Nophah
- Medeba
- Jazer
- Bashan
- Edrei
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Rendered chapters 1–24 are mapped to the public reader path for Joshua. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Judges
Rendered chapters 1–21 are mapped to the public reader path for Judges. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Ruth
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Ruth. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Samuel
Rendered chapters 1–31 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Samuel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Samuel
Rendered chapters 1–24 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Samuel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Kings
Rendered chapters 1–22 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Kings. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Kings
Rendered chapters 1–25 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Kings. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Chronicles
Rendered chapters 1–29 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Chronicles. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Chronicles
Rendered chapters 1–36 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Chronicles. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Ezra
Rendered chapters 1–10 are mapped to the public reader path for Ezra. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Nehemiah
Rendered chapters 1–13 are mapped to the public reader path for Nehemiah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Esther
Rendered chapters 1–10 are mapped to the public reader path for Esther. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Job
Rendered chapters 1–42 are mapped to the public reader path for Job. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Psalms
Rendered chapters 1–150 are mapped to the public reader path for Psalms. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Proverbs
Rendered chapters 1–31 are mapped to the public reader path for Proverbs. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Ecclesiastes
Rendered chapters 1–12 are mapped to the public reader path for Ecclesiastes. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Song of Solomon
Rendered chapters 1–8 are mapped to the public reader path for Song of Solomon. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Isaiah
Rendered chapters 1–66 are mapped to the public reader path for Isaiah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Jeremiah
Rendered chapters 1–52 are mapped to the public reader path for Jeremiah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Lamentations
Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for Lamentations. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Ezekiel
Rendered chapters 1–48 are mapped to the public reader path for Ezekiel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Daniel
Rendered chapters 1–12 are mapped to the public reader path for Daniel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Hosea
Rendered chapters 1–14 are mapped to the public reader path for Hosea. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Joel
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Joel. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Amos
Rendered chapters 1–9 are mapped to the public reader path for Amos. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Obadiah
Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for Obadiah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Jonah
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Jonah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Micah
Rendered chapters 1–7 are mapped to the public reader path for Micah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Nahum
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Nahum. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Habakkuk
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Habakkuk. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Zephaniah
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Zephaniah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Haggai
Rendered chapters 1–2 are mapped to the public reader path for Haggai. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Zechariah
Rendered chapters 1–14 are mapped to the public reader path for Zechariah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Malachi
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Malachi. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Matthew
Rendered chapters 1–28 are mapped to the public reader path for Matthew. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Mark
Rendered chapters 1–16 are mapped to the public reader path for Mark. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Luke
Rendered chapters 1–24 are mapped to the public reader path for Luke. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
John
Rendered chapters 1–21 are mapped to the public reader path for John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Acts
Rendered chapters 1–28 are mapped to the public reader path for Acts. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Romans
Rendered chapters 1–16 are mapped to the public reader path for Romans. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Corinthians
Rendered chapters 1–16 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Corinthians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Corinthians
Rendered chapters 1–13 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Corinthians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Galatians
Rendered chapters 1–6 are mapped to the public reader path for Galatians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Ephesians
Rendered chapters 1–6 are mapped to the public reader path for Ephesians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Philippians
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Philippians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Colossians
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Colossians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Thessalonians
Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Thessalonians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Thessalonians
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Thessalonians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Timothy
Rendered chapters 1–6 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Timothy. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Timothy
Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Timothy. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Titus
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Titus. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Philemon
Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for Philemon. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Hebrews
Rendered chapters 1–13 are mapped to the public reader path for Hebrews. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
James
Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for James. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 Peter
Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Peter. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 Peter
Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Peter. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
1 John
Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
2 John
Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
3 John
Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for 3 John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Jude
Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for Jude. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
Revelation
Rendered chapters 1–22 are mapped to the public reader path for Revelation. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.
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What this explorer shows today
The public reader has book-by-book chapter entry points across the 66-book canon. Deeper corpus and provenance details stay on the supporting Bible Data shelves.
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Commentary Witness
Numbers 21:1
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
Numbers 21:1
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness