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Published chapter Reader summary first Song of Solomon live Chapter 5 of 8 16 verse waypoints 16 commentary witnesses

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SongofSolomon 5 — SongofSolomon 5

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Chapter frame

The Song of Songs (Shir HaShirim) is the supreme love poem of the OT — at once a celebration of marital eros and the richest OT metaphor for the covenant relationship between God and His people. Jewish tradition holds it the "holiest of the holy books."

The Song's canonical function is to restore the vision of human sexuality as designed by the Creator — not fallen, shameful, or commercial, but covenantal, celebratory, and ordered toward exclusive commitment. Its allegorical dimension (developed richly in both Jewish and Christian tradition) maps the intimacy of the covenant as the deepest frame for understanding love.


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SongofSolomon 5:1

Hebrew
בָּאתִי לְגַנִּי אֲחֹתִי כַלָּה אָרִיתִי מוֹרִי עִם־בְּשָׂמִי אָכַלְתִּי יַעְרִי עִם־דִּבְשִׁי שָׁתִיתִי יֵינִי עִם־חֲלָבִי אִכְלוּ רֵעִים שְׁתוּ וְשִׁכְרוּ דּוֹדִֽים׃

va'tiy-leganiy-'achotiy-khalah-'ariytiy-mvoriy-'im-veshamiy-'akhaletiy-ya'eriy-'im-diveshiy-shatiytiy-yeyniy-'im-chalaviy-'ikhelv-re'iym-shetv-veshikherv-dvodiym

KJV: I am come into my garden, my sister, my spouse: I have gathered my myrrh with my spice; I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk: eat, O friends; drink, yea, drink abundantly, O beloved.

AKJV: I am come into my garden, my sister, my spouse: I have gathered my myrrh with my spice; I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk: eat, O friends; drink, yes, drink abundantly, O beloved. ¶

ASV: I am come into my garden, my sister, my bride:

YLT: I have come in to my garden, my sister-spouse, I have plucked my myrrh with my spice, I have eaten my comb with my honey, I have drunk my wine with my milk. Eat, O friends, drink, Yea, drink abundantly, O beloved ones!

Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:1
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

SongofSolomon 5:1

Quoted commentary witness

The bridegroom calls on his spouse to admit him, Sol 5:1-3. She hesitates; but arising finds him gone, seeks him, and is treated unworthily by the city watch, Sol 5:4-7. Inquires of the daughters of Jerusalem, who question her concerning her beloved, Sol 5:8, Sol 5:9. This gives her occasion to enter into a fine description of his person and accomplishments, Sol 5:10-16. Verse 1 I am come into my garden - באתי bathi, I came, or have come; this should be translated in the past tense, as the other preterite verbs in this clause. I think the latter clause of the preceding verse should come in here: "Let my beloved come into his garden, and eat his pleasant fruits. I have come into my garden, my sister, callah, or spouse; I have gathered my myrrh," etc. I have taken thee for my spouse, and am perfectly satisfied that thou art pure and immaculate. Eat, O friends - drink abundantly - These are generally supposed to be the words of the bridegroom, after he returned from the nuptial chamber, and exhibited those signs of his wife's purity which the customs of those times required. This being a cause of universal joy, the entertainment is served up; and he invites his companions, and the friends of both parties, to eat and drink abundantly, as there was such a universal cause of rejoicing. Others think that these are the words of the bride to her spouse: but the original will not bear this meaning; the verbs are all plural.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

SongofSolomon 5:1

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Jerusalem
  • Eat

Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'I am come into my garden, my sister, my spouse: I have gathered my myrrh with my spice; I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk: eat, O friends; drink, yea, drink abundantly, O beloved.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

SongofSolomon 5:2

Hebrew
אֲנִי יְשֵׁנָה וְלִבִּי עֵר קוֹל ׀ דּוֹדִי דוֹפֵק פִּתְחִי־לִי אֲחֹתִי רַעְיָתִי יוֹנָתִי תַמָּתִי שֶׁרֹּאשִׁי נִמְלָא־טָל קְוֻּצּוֹתַי רְסִיסֵי לָֽיְלָה׃

'aniy-yeshenah-veliviy-'er-qvol- -dvodiy-dvofeq-fitechiy-liy-'achotiy-ra'eyatiy-yvonatiy-tamatiy-shero'shiy-nimela'-tal-qevutzvotay-resiysey-layelah

KJV: I sleep, but my heart waketh: it is the voice of my beloved that knocketh, saying, Open to me, my sister, my love, my dove, my undefiled: for my head is filled with dew, and my locks with the drops of the night.

AKJV: I sleep, but my heart wakes: it is the voice of my beloved that knocks, saying, Open to me, my sister, my love, my dove, my undefiled: for my head is filled with dew, and my locks with the drops of the night.

ASV: I was asleep, but my heart waked:

YLT: I am sleeping, but my heart waketh: The sound of my beloved knocking! `Open to me, my sister, my friend, My dove, my perfect one, For my head is filled with dew, My locks with drops of the night.'

Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:2
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

SongofSolomon 5:2

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 2 I sleep, but my heart waketh - This is a new part; and some suppose that the fifth day's solemnity begins here. Though I sleep, yet so impressed is may heart with the excellences of my beloved, that my imagination presents him to me in the most pleasing dreams throughout the night. I doubt whether the whole, from this verse to the end of the seventh, be not a dream: several parts of it bear this resemblance; and I confess there are some parts of it, such as her hesitating to rise, his sudden disappearance, etc., which would be of easier solution on this supposition. Or part of the transactions mentioned might be the effects of the dream she had, as rising up suddenly, and going out into the street, meeting with the watchmen, etc., before she was well awake. And her being in so much disorder and dishabille might have induced them to treat her as a suspiciovs person, or one of questionable character. But it is most likely the whole was a dream. For my head is filled with dew - She supposed he had come in the night, and was standing without, wet, and exposed to the inclemency of the weather.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

SongofSolomon 5:2

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'I sleep, but my heart waketh: it is the voice of my beloved that knocketh, saying, Open to me, my sister, my love, my dove, my undefiled: for my head is filled with dew, and my locks with the drops of the night.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

SongofSolomon 5:3

Hebrew
פָּשַׁטְתִּי אֶת־כֻּתָּנְתִּי אֵיכָכָה אֶלְבָּשֶׁנָּה רָחַצְתִּי אֶת־רַגְלַי אֵיכָכָה אֲטַנְּפֵֽם׃

fashatetiy-'et-khutanetiy-'eykhakhah-'elevashenah-rachatzetiy-'et-ragelay-'eykhakhah-'atanefem

KJV: I have put off my coat; how shall I put it on? I have washed my feet; how shall I defile them?

AKJV: I have put off my coat; how shall I put it on? I have washed my feet; how shall I defile them?

ASV: I have put off my garment; how shall I put it on?

YLT: I have put off my coat, how do I put it on? I have washed my feet, how do I defile them?

Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:3
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

SongofSolomon 5:3

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 3 I have put off my coat - The bride must have been in a dream or in much disorder of mind to have made the frivolous excuses here mentioned. The words relate to the case of a person who had gone to take rest on his bed. As they wore nothing but sandals, they were obliged to wash their feet previously to their lying down. I have washed my feet, taken off my clothes, and am gone to bed: I cannot therefore be disturbed. A Hindoo always washes his feet before he goes to bed. If called from his bed, he often makes this excuse, I shall daub my feet; and the excuse is reasonable, as the floors are of earth; and they do not wear shoes in the house - Ward.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

SongofSolomon 5:3

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Ward

Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'I have put off my coat; how shall I put it on? I have washed my feet; how shall I defile them?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

SongofSolomon 5:4

Hebrew
דּוֹדִי שָׁלַח יָדוֹ מִן־הַחֹר וּמֵעַי הָמוּ עָלָֽיו׃

dvodiy-shalach-yadvo-min-hachor-vme'ay-hamv-'alayv

KJV: My beloved put in his hand by the hole of the door, and my bowels were moved for him.

AKJV: My beloved put in his hand by the hole of the door, and my bowels were moved for him.

ASV: My beloved put in his hand by the holeof the door,

YLT: My beloved sent his hand from the net-work, And my bowels were moved for him.

Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:4
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

SongofSolomon 5:4

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 4 My beloved put in his hand - If it were a real scene, which is mentioned in this and the two following verses, it must refer, from the well-known use of the metaphors, to matrimonial endearments. Or, it may refer to his attempts to open the door, when she hesitated to arise, on the grounds mentioned Sol 5:3. But this also bears every evidence of a dream.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

SongofSolomon 5:4

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Or

Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'My beloved put in his hand by the hole of the door, and my bowels were moved for him.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

SongofSolomon 5:5

Hebrew
קַמְתִּֽי אֲנִי לִפְתֹּחַ לְדוֹדִי וְיָדַי נָֽטְפוּ־מוֹר וְאֶצְבְּעֹתַי מוֹר עֹבֵר עַל כַּפּוֹת הַמַּנְעֽוּל׃

qametiy-'aniy-lifetocha-ledvodiy-veyaday-natefv-mvor-ve'etzeve'otay-mvor-'over-'al-khafvot-hamane'vl

KJV: I rose up to open to my beloved; and my hands dropped with myrrh, and my fingers with sweet smelling myrrh, upon the handles of the lock.

AKJV: I rose up to open to my beloved; and my hands dropped with myrrh, and my fingers with sweet smelling myrrh, on the handles of the lock.

ASV: I rose up to open to my beloved;

YLT: I rose to open to my beloved, And my hands dropped myrrh, Yea, my fingers flowing myrrh, On the handles of the lock.

Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:5
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

SongofSolomon 5:5

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 5 My hands dropped with myrrh - It was a custom among the Romans, as Brissonius, Isidore, and others relate, to conduct the bride to the house of the bridegroom with lighted torches; and those who brought her anointed the door-posts with fragant oils, whence the name uxor, or as it was formerly written unxor, for a wife or married woman, because of the anointing which took place on the occasion; for sometimes the bride herself anointed the door-posts, and sometimes those who brought her; probably both at the same time. The same custom might have existed among the Jews. See Vossius' Etymologicon.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

SongofSolomon 5:5

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Romans
  • Brissonius
  • Isidore
  • Jews
  • Etymologicon

Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'I rose up to open to my beloved; and my hands dropped with myrrh, and my fingers with sweet smelling myrrh, upon the handles of the lock.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

SongofSolomon 5:6

Hebrew
פָּתַחְתִּֽי אֲנִי לְדוֹדִי וְדוֹדִי חָמַק עָבָר נַפְשִׁי יָֽצְאָה בְדַבְּרוֹ בִּקַּשְׁתִּיהוּ וְלֹא מְצָאתִיהוּ קְרָאתִיו וְלֹא עָנָֽנִי׃

fatachetiy-'aniy-ledvodiy-vedvodiy-chamaq-'avar-nafeshiy-yatze'ah-vedavervo-viqashetiyhv-velo'-metza'tiyhv-qera'tiyv-velo'-'ananiy

KJV: I opened to my beloved; but my beloved had withdrawn himself, and was gone: my soul failed when he spake: I sought him, but I could not find him; I called him, but he gave me no answer.

AKJV: I opened to my beloved; but my beloved had withdrawn himself, and was gone: my soul failed when he spoke: I sought him, but I could not find him; I called him, but he gave me no answer.

ASV: I opened to my beloved;

YLT: I opened to my beloved, But my beloved withdrew--he passed on, My soul went forth when he spake, I sought him, and found him not. I called him, and he answered me not.

Commentary Witness (Generated)SongofSolomon 5:6
Generated editorial synthesis

Commentary Witness (Generated)

SongofSolomon 5:6

Generated editorial synthesis

SongofSolomon 5:6 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'I opened to my beloved; but my beloved had withdrawn himself, and was gone: my soul failed when he spake: I sought him, but I could not find him; I called him, but he gave me no answer.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.

Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.

Canonical locus

SongofSolomon 5:6

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'I opened to my beloved; but my beloved had withdrawn himself, and was gone: my soul failed when he spake: I sought him, but I could not find him; I called him, but he gave me no answer.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

SongofSolomon 5:7

Hebrew
מְצָאֻנִי הַשֹּׁמְרִים הַסֹּבְבִים בָּעִיר הִכּוּנִי פְצָעוּנִי נָשְׂאוּ אֶת־רְדִידִי מֵֽעָלַי שֹׁמְרֵי הַחֹמֽוֹת׃

metza'uniy-hashomeriym-hasoveviym-va'iyr-hikhvniy-fetza'vniy-nashe'v-'et-rediydiy-me'alay-shomerey-hachomvot

KJV: The watchmen that went about the city found me, they smote me, they wounded me; the keepers of the walls took away my veil from me.

AKJV: The watchmen that went about the city found me, they smote me, they wounded me; the keepers of the walls took away my veil from me.

ASV: The watchmen that go about the city found me,

YLT: The watchmen who go round about the city, Found me, smote me, wounded me, Keepers of the walls lifted up my veil from off me.

Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:7
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

SongofSolomon 5:7

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 7 Took away my veil - They tore it off rudely, to discover who she was. See on Sol 5:2 (note). To tear the veil signifies, in Eastern phrase, to deflower or dishonor a woman.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

SongofSolomon 5:7

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'The watchmen that went about the city found me, they smote me, they wounded me; the keepers of the walls took away my veil from me.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

SongofSolomon 5:8

Hebrew
הִשְׁבַּעְתִּי אֶתְכֶם בְּנוֹת יְרוּשָׁלָ͏ִם אִֽם־תִּמְצְאוּ אֶת־דּוֹדִי מַה־תַּגִּידוּ לוֹ שֶׁחוֹלַת אַהֲבָה אָֽנִי׃

hisheva'etiy-'etekhem-venvot-yervshalaim-'im-timetze'v-'et-dvodiy-mah-tagiydv-lvo-shechvolat-'ahavah-'aniy

KJV: I charge you, O daughters of Jerusalem, if ye find my beloved, that ye tell him, that I am sick of love.

AKJV: I charge you, O daughters of Jerusalem, if you find my beloved, that you tell him, that I am sick of love. ¶

ASV: I adjure you, O daughters of Jerusalem,

YLT: I have adjured you, daughters of Jerusalem, If ye find my beloved--What do ye tell him? that I am sick with love!

Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:8
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

SongofSolomon 5:8

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 8 I am sick of love - "I am exceedingly concerned for his absence; and am distressed on account of my thoughtless carriage towards him." The latter clause may be well translated, "What should ye tell him?" Why, "that I am sick of love." This ends the transactions of the third day and night.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

SongofSolomon 5:8

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Why

Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'I charge you, O daughters of Jerusalem, if ye find my beloved, that ye tell him, that I am sick of love.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

SongofSolomon 5:9

Hebrew
מַה־דּוֹדֵךְ מִדּוֹד הַיָּפָה בַּנָּשִׁים מַה־דּוֹדֵךְ מִדּוֹד שֶׁכָּכָה הִשְׁבַּעְתָּֽנוּ׃

mah-dvodekhe-midvod-hayafah-vanashiym-mah-dvodekhe-midvod-shekhakhah-hisheva'etanv

KJV: What is thy beloved more than another beloved, O thou fairest among women? what is thy beloved more than another beloved, that thou dost so charge us?

AKJV: What is your beloved more than another beloved, O you fairest among women? what is your beloved more than another beloved, that you do so charge us?

ASV: What is thy beloved more than another beloved,

YLT: What is thy beloved above any beloved, O fair among women? What is thy beloved above any beloved, That thus thou hast adjured us?

Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:9
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

SongofSolomon 5:9

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 9 What is thy beloved more than another beloved - This question gives the bride an opportunity to break out into a highly wrought description of the beauty and perfections of her spouse.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

SongofSolomon 5:9

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'What is thy beloved more than another beloved, O thou fairest among women? what is thy beloved more than another beloved, that thou dost so charge us?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

SongofSolomon 5:10

Hebrew
דּוֹדִי צַח וְאָדוֹם דָּגוּל מֵרְבָבָֽה׃

dvodiy-tzach-ve'advom-dagvl-merevavah

KJV: My beloved is white and ruddy, the chiefest among ten thousand.

AKJV: My beloved is white and ruddy, the most chief among ten thousand.

ASV: My beloved is white and ruddy,

YLT: My beloved is clear and ruddy, Conspicuous above a myriad!

Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:10
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

SongofSolomon 5:10

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 10 My beloved is white and ruddy - Red and white, properly mixed, are essential to a fine complexion; and this is what is intimated: he has the finest complexion among ten thousand persons; not one in that number is equal to him. Literally, "He bears the standard among ten thousand men;" or "He is one before whom a standard is borne," i.e., he is captain or chief of the whole.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

SongofSolomon 5:10

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Literally

Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'My beloved is white and ruddy, the chiefest among ten thousand.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

SongofSolomon 5:11

Hebrew
רֹאשׁוֹ כֶּתֶם פָּז קְוּצּוֹתָיו תַּלְתַּלִּים שְׁחֹרוֹת כָּעוֹרֵֽב׃

ro'shvo-khetem-faz-qevtzvotayv-taletaliym-shechorvot-kha'vorev

KJV: His head is as the most fine gold, his locks are bushy, and black as a raven.

AKJV: His head is as the most fine gold, his locks are bushy, and black as a raven.

ASV: His head isasthe most fine gold;

YLT: His head is pure gold--fine gold, His locks flowing, dark as a raven,

Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:11
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

SongofSolomon 5:11

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 11 His head is as the most fine gold - He has the most beautiful head, fine and majestic. Gold is here used to express excellence. His locks are bushy - Crisped or curled. This may refer to his mustachios. Black as a raven - His hair is black and glossy.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

SongofSolomon 5:11

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:11 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'His head is as the most fine gold, his locks are bushy, and black as a raven.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

SongofSolomon 5:12

Hebrew
עֵינָיו כְּיוֹנִים עַל־אֲפִיקֵי מָיִם רֹֽחֲצוֹת בֶּֽחָלָב יֹשְׁבוֹת עַל־מִלֵּֽאת׃

'eynayv-kheyvoniym-'al-'afiyqey-mayim-rochatzvot-vechalav-yoshevvot-'al-mile't

KJV: His eyes are as the eyes of doves by the rivers of waters, washed with milk, and fitly set.

AKJV: His eyes are as the eyes of doves by the rivers of waters, washed with milk, and fitly set.

ASV: His eyes are like doves beside the water-brooks,

YLT: His eyes as doves by streams of water, Washing in milk, sitting in fulness.

Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:12
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

SongofSolomon 5:12

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 12 His eyes are as the eyes of doves - See on Sol 4:1 (note). Washed with milk - The white of the eye, exceedingly white. By the use of stibium, in the East, the eye is rendered very beautiful; and receives such a lustre from the use of this article, that, to borrow the expression of a late traveler, "their eyes appear to be swimming in bliss." I believe this expression to be the meaning of the text. Fitly set - Or, as the margin, very properly, sitting in fullness; not sunk, not contracted.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

SongofSolomon 5:12

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • East
  • Or

Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:12 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'His eyes are as the eyes of doves by the rivers of waters, washed with milk, and fitly set.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

SongofSolomon 5:13

Hebrew
לְחָיָו כַּעֲרוּגַת הַבֹּשֶׂם מִגְדְּלוֹת מֶרְקָחִים שִׂפְתוֹתָיו שֽׁוֹשַׁנִּים נֹטְפוֹת מוֹר עֹבֵֽר׃

lechayav-kha'arvgat-havoshem-migedelvot-mereqachiym-shifetvotayv-shvoshaniym-notefvot-mvor-'over

KJV: His cheeks are as a bed of spices, as sweet flowers: his lips like lilies, dropping sweet smelling myrrh.

AKJV: His cheeks are as a bed of spices, as sweet flowers: his lips like lilies, dropping sweet smelling myrrh.

ASV: His cheeks are as a bed of spices,

YLT: His cheeks as a bed of the spice, towers of perfumes, His lips are lilies, dropping flowing myrrh,

Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:13
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

SongofSolomon 5:13

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 13 His cheeks are as a bed of spices - Possibly meaning a bed in the garden, where odoriferous herbs grew. But it has been supposed to refer to his beard, which in a young well-made man is exceedingly beautiful. I have seen young Turks, who had taken much care of their beards, mustachios, etc., look majestic. Scarcely any thing serves to set off the human face to greater advantage than the beard, when kept in proper order. Females admire it in their suitors and husbands. I have known cases, where they not only despised but execrated Europeans, whose faces were close shaved. The men perfume their beards often; and this may be what is intended by spices and sweet-smelling myrrh. His lips like lilies - The שושנם shoshannim may mean any flower of the lily kind, such as the rubens lilium, mentioned by Pliny, or something of the tulip kind. There are tints in such flowers that bear a very near resemblance to a fine ruby lip.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

SongofSolomon 5:13

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Turks
  • Europeans
  • Pliny

Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:13 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'His cheeks are as a bed of spices, as sweet flowers: his lips like lilies, dropping sweet smelling myrrh.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

SongofSolomon 5:14

Hebrew
יָדָיו גְּלִילֵי זָהָב מְמֻלָּאִים בַּתַּרְשִׁישׁ מֵעָיו עֶשֶׁת שֵׁן מְעֻלֶּפֶת סַפִּירִֽים׃

yadayv-geliyley-zahav-memula'iym-vatareshiysh-me'ayv-'eshet-shen-me'ulefet-safiyriym

KJV: His hands are as gold rings set with the beryl: his belly is as bright ivory overlaid with sapphires.

AKJV: His hands are as gold rings set with the beryl: his belly is as bright ivory overlaid with sapphires.

ASV: His hands areasrings of gold set with beryl:

YLT: His hands rings of gold, set with beryl, His heart bright ivory, covered with sapphires,

Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:14
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

SongofSolomon 5:14

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 14 His hands - gold rings set with the beryl - This really seems to refer to gold rings set with precious stones on the fingers, and perhaps to circlets or bracelets about the wrists. Some suppose it to refer to the roundness and exquisite symmetry of the hand and fingers. תרשיש tarshish, which we translate beryl, a gem of a sea-green tint, had better be translated chrysolite, which is of a gold color. His belly - bright ivory overlaid with sapphires - This must refer to some garment set with precious stones which went round his waist, and was peculiarly remarkable. If we take it literally, the sense is plain enough. His belly was beautifully white, and the blue veins appearing under the skin resembled the sapphire stone. But one can hardly think that this was intended.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

SongofSolomon 5:14

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:14 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'His hands are as gold rings set with the beryl: his belly is as bright ivory overlaid with sapphires.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

SongofSolomon 5:15

Hebrew
שׁוֹקָיו עַמּוּדֵי שֵׁשׁ מְיֻסָּדִים עַל־אַדְנֵי־פָז מַרְאֵהוּ כַּלְּבָנוֹן בָּחוּר כָּאֲרָזִֽים׃

shvoqayv-'amvdey-shesh-meyusadiym-'al-'adeney-faz-mare'ehv-khalevanvon-vachvr-kha'araziym

KJV: His legs are as pillars of marble, set upon sockets of fine gold: his countenance is as Lebanon, excellent as the cedars.

AKJV: His legs are as pillars of marble, set on sockets of fine gold: his countenance is as Lebanon, excellent as the cedars.

ASV: His legs areaspillars of marble, set upon sockets of fine gold:

YLT: His limbs pillars of marble, Founded on sockets of fine gold, His appearance as Lebanon, choice as the cedars.

Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:15
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

SongofSolomon 5:15

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 15 His legs are as pillars of marble - Exquisitely turned and well-shaped; the sockets of gold may refer to his slippers. On these a profusion of gold and ornaments are still lavished in Asiatic countries. His countenance is as Lebanon - As Lebanon exalts its head beyond all the other mountains near Jerusalem, so my beloved is tall and majestic, and surpasses in stature and majesty all other men. He is also as straight and as firm as the cedars.

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

SongofSolomon 5:15

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Jerusalem

Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:15 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'His legs are as pillars of marble, set upon sockets of fine gold: his countenance is as Lebanon, excellent as the cedars.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

SongofSolomon 5:16

Hebrew
חִכּוֹ מַֽמְתַקִּים וְכֻלּוֹ מַחֲמַדִּים זֶה דוֹדִי וְזֶה רֵעִי בְּנוֹת יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃

chikhvo-mametaqiym-vekhulvo-machamadiym-zeh-dvodiy-vezeh-re'iy-venvot-yervshalaim

KJV: His mouth is most sweet: yea, he is altogether lovely. This is my beloved, and this is my friend, O daughters of Jerusalem.

AKJV: His mouth is most sweet: yes, he is altogether lovely. This is my beloved, and this is my friend, O daughters of Jerusalem.

ASV: His mouth is most sweet;

YLT: His mouth is sweetness--and all of him desirable, This is my beloved, and this my friend, O daughters of Jerusalem!

Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:16
Quoted commentary witness

Commentary Witness

SongofSolomon 5:16

Quoted commentary witness

Verse 16 His mouth is most sweet - His eloquence is great, and his voice is charming. Every word he speaks is sweetness, mildness, and benevolence itself. Then, her powers of description failing, and metaphor exhausted she cries out, "The whole of him is loveliness. This is my beloved, and this is my companion, O ye daughters of Jerusalem."

Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.

Canonical locus

SongofSolomon 5:16

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Named authorities or texts detected in the witness

  • Then
  • Jerusalem

Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:16 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'His mouth is most sweet: yea, he is altogether lovely. This is my beloved, and this is my friend, O daughters of Jerusalem.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.

Apologetics Notes
  • Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
  • Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
  • Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.

Citation trailOpen the commentary counts, references, and named sources.

Scholarly apparatus

Commentary citation index

This chapter now surfaces commentary as quoted witness material with an explicit citation trail. The index below gathers the canonical references and named authorities detected inside the commentary layer for faster academic review.

Direct commentary witnesses

15

Generated editorial witnesses

1

Source lane

Apologetics Bible source bundle

Canonical references surfaced in commentary

  • SongofSolomon 5:1
  • SongofSolomon 5:2
  • SongofSolomon 5:3
  • SongofSolomon 5:4
  • SongofSolomon 5:5
  • SongofSolomon 5:6
  • SongofSolomon 5:7
  • SongofSolomon 5:8
  • SongofSolomon 5:9
  • SongofSolomon 5:10
  • SongofSolomon 5:11
  • SongofSolomon 5:12
  • SongofSolomon 5:13
  • SongofSolomon 5:14
  • SongofSolomon 5:15
  • SongofSolomon 5:16

Named authorities or texts surfaced in commentary

  • Jerusalem
  • Eat
  • Ward
  • Or
  • Romans
  • Brissonius
  • Isidore
  • Jews
  • Etymologicon
  • Why
  • Literally
  • East
  • Turks
  • Europeans
  • Pliny
  • Then
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Old Testament Prophets

Zephaniah

Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Zephaniah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 3 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Zephaniah

Open Zephaniah

Old Testament Prophets

Haggai

Rendered chapters 1–2 are mapped to the public reader path for Haggai. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 2 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Haggai

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Old Testament Prophets

Zechariah

Rendered chapters 1–14 are mapped to the public reader path for Zechariah. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 14 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Zechariah

Open Zechariah

Old Testament Prophets

Malachi

Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Malachi. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 4 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Malachi

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New Testament Gospels

Matthew

Rendered chapters 1–28 are mapped to the public reader path for Matthew. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 28 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Matthew

Open Matthew

New Testament Gospels

Mark

Rendered chapters 1–16 are mapped to the public reader path for Mark. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 16 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Mark

Open Mark

New Testament Gospels

Luke

Rendered chapters 1–24 are mapped to the public reader path for Luke. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 24 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Luke

Open Luke

New Testament Gospels

John

Rendered chapters 1–21 are mapped to the public reader path for John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 21 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for John

Open John

New Testament History

Acts

Rendered chapters 1–28 are mapped to the public reader path for Acts. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 28 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Acts

Open Acts

New Testament Letters

Romans

Rendered chapters 1–16 are mapped to the public reader path for Romans. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 16 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Romans

Open Romans

New Testament Letters

1 Corinthians

Rendered chapters 1–16 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Corinthians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 16 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 1 Corinthians

Open 1 Corinthians

New Testament Letters

2 Corinthians

Rendered chapters 1–13 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Corinthians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 13 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 2 Corinthians

Open 2 Corinthians

New Testament Letters

Galatians

Rendered chapters 1–6 are mapped to the public reader path for Galatians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 6 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Galatians

Open Galatians

New Testament Letters

Ephesians

Rendered chapters 1–6 are mapped to the public reader path for Ephesians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 6 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Ephesians

Open Ephesians

New Testament Letters

Philippians

Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Philippians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 4 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Philippians

Open Philippians

New Testament Letters

Colossians

Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for Colossians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 4 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Colossians

Open Colossians

New Testament Letters

1 Thessalonians

Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Thessalonians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 5 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 1 Thessalonians

Open 1 Thessalonians

New Testament Letters

2 Thessalonians

Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Thessalonians. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 3 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 2 Thessalonians

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New Testament Letters

1 Timothy

Rendered chapters 1–6 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Timothy. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 6 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 1 Timothy

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New Testament Letters

2 Timothy

Rendered chapters 1–4 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Timothy. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 4 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 2 Timothy

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New Testament Letters

Titus

Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for Titus. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 3 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Titus

Open Titus

New Testament Letters

Philemon

Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for Philemon. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 1 rendered chapter
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Philemon

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New Testament Letters

Hebrews

Rendered chapters 1–13 are mapped to the public reader path for Hebrews. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 13 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Hebrews

Open Hebrews

New Testament Letters

James

Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for James. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 5 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for James

Open James

New Testament Letters

1 Peter

Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 Peter. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 5 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 1 Peter

Open 1 Peter

New Testament Letters

2 Peter

Rendered chapters 1–3 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 Peter. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 3 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 2 Peter

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New Testament Letters

1 John

Rendered chapters 1–5 are mapped to the public reader path for 1 John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 5 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 1 John

Open 1 John

New Testament Letters

2 John

Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for 2 John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 1 rendered chapter
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 2 John

Open 2 John

New Testament Letters

3 John

Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for 3 John. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 1 rendered chapter
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for 3 John

Open 3 John

New Testament Letters

Jude

Rendered chapter 1 are mapped to the public reader path for Jude. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 1 rendered chapter
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Jude

Open Jude

New Testament Apocalypse

Revelation

Rendered chapters 1–22 are mapped to the public reader path for Revelation. Use this card to open chapter 1 and move directly into the study surface.

  • Coverage: 22 rendered chapters
  • Current public use: chapter reader path for Revelation

Open Revelation

What this explorer shows today

The public reader has book-by-book chapter entry points across the 66-book canon. Deeper corpus and provenance details stay on the supporting Bible Data shelves.

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