Apologetics Bible
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The Song of Songs (Shir HaShirim) is the supreme love poem of the OT — at once a celebration of marital eros and the richest OT metaphor for the covenant relationship between God and His people. Jewish tradition holds it the "holiest of the holy books."
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The Song of Songs (Shir HaShirim) is the supreme love poem of the OT — at once a celebration of marital eros and the richest OT metaphor for the covenant relationship between God and His people. Jewish tradition holds it the "holiest of the holy books."
The Song's canonical function is to restore the vision of human sexuality as designed by the Creator — not fallen, shameful, or commercial, but covenantal, celebratory, and ordered toward exclusive commitment. Its allegorical dimension (developed richly in both Jewish and Christian tradition) maps the intimacy of the covenant as the deepest frame for understanding love.
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SongofSolomon 5:1
Hebrew
בָּאתִי לְגַנִּי אֲחֹתִי כַלָּה אָרִיתִי מוֹרִי עִם־בְּשָׂמִי אָכַלְתִּי יַעְרִי עִם־דִּבְשִׁי שָׁתִיתִי יֵינִי עִם־חֲלָבִי אִכְלוּ רֵעִים שְׁתוּ וְשִׁכְרוּ דּוֹדִֽים׃va'tiy-leganiy-'achotiy-khalah-'ariytiy-mvoriy-'im-veshamiy-'akhaletiy-ya'eriy-'im-diveshiy-shatiytiy-yeyniy-'im-chalaviy-'ikhelv-re'iym-shetv-veshikherv-dvodiym
KJV: I am come into my garden, my sister, my spouse: I have gathered my myrrh with my spice; I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk: eat, O friends; drink, yea, drink abundantly, O beloved.
AKJV: I am come into my garden, my sister, my spouse: I have gathered my myrrh with my spice; I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk: eat, O friends; drink, yes, drink abundantly, O beloved. ¶
ASV: I am come into my garden, my sister, my bride:
YLT: I have come in to my garden, my sister-spouse, I have plucked my myrrh with my spice, I have eaten my comb with my honey, I have drunk my wine with my milk. Eat, O friends, drink, Yea, drink abundantly, O beloved ones!
Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:1 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'I am come into my garden, my sister, my spouse: I have gathered my myrrh with my spice; I have eaten my honeycomb with my honey; I have drunk my wine with my milk: eat, O friends; drink, yea, drink abundantly, O beloved.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
SongofSolomon 5:2
Hebrew
אֲנִי יְשֵׁנָה וְלִבִּי עֵר קוֹל ׀ דּוֹדִי דוֹפֵק פִּתְחִי־לִי אֲחֹתִי רַעְיָתִי יוֹנָתִי תַמָּתִי שֶׁרֹּאשִׁי נִמְלָא־טָל קְוֻּצּוֹתַי רְסִיסֵי לָֽיְלָה׃'aniy-yeshenah-veliviy-'er-qvol- -dvodiy-dvofeq-fitechiy-liy-'achotiy-ra'eyatiy-yvonatiy-tamatiy-shero'shiy-nimela'-tal-qevutzvotay-resiysey-layelah
KJV: I sleep, but my heart waketh: it is the voice of my beloved that knocketh, saying, Open to me, my sister, my love, my dove, my undefiled: for my head is filled with dew, and my locks with the drops of the night.
AKJV: I sleep, but my heart wakes: it is the voice of my beloved that knocks, saying, Open to me, my sister, my love, my dove, my undefiled: for my head is filled with dew, and my locks with the drops of the night.
ASV: I was asleep, but my heart waked:
YLT: I am sleeping, but my heart waketh: The sound of my beloved knocking! `Open to me, my sister, my friend, My dove, my perfect one, For my head is filled with dew, My locks with drops of the night.'
Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:2Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
SongofSolomon 5:2
Verse 2 I sleep, but my heart waketh - This is a new part; and some suppose that the fifth day's solemnity begins here. Though I sleep, yet so impressed is may heart with the excellences of my beloved, that my imagination presents him to me in the most pleasing dreams throughout the night. I doubt whether the whole, from this verse to the end of the seventh, be not a dream: several parts of it bear this resemblance; and I confess there are some parts of it, such as her hesitating to rise, his sudden disappearance, etc., which would be of easier solution on this supposition. Or part of the transactions mentioned might be the effects of the dream she had, as rising up suddenly, and going out into the street, meeting with the watchmen, etc., before she was well awake. And her being in so much disorder and dishabille might have induced them to treat her as a suspiciovs person, or one of questionable character. But it is most likely the whole was a dream. For my head is filled with dew - She supposed he had come in the night, and was standing without, wet, and exposed to the inclemency of the weather.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
SongofSolomon 5:2
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:2 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'I sleep, but my heart waketh: it is the voice of my beloved that knocketh, saying, Open to me, my sister, my love, my dove, my undefiled: for my head is filled with dew, and my locks with the drops of the night.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
SongofSolomon 5:3
Hebrew
פָּשַׁטְתִּי אֶת־כֻּתָּנְתִּי אֵיכָכָה אֶלְבָּשֶׁנָּה רָחַצְתִּי אֶת־רַגְלַי אֵיכָכָה אֲטַנְּפֵֽם׃fashatetiy-'et-khutanetiy-'eykhakhah-'elevashenah-rachatzetiy-'et-ragelay-'eykhakhah-'atanefem
KJV: I have put off my coat; how shall I put it on? I have washed my feet; how shall I defile them?
AKJV: I have put off my coat; how shall I put it on? I have washed my feet; how shall I defile them?
ASV: I have put off my garment; how shall I put it on?
YLT: I have put off my coat, how do I put it on? I have washed my feet, how do I defile them?
Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:3Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
SongofSolomon 5:3
Verse 3 I have put off my coat - The bride must have been in a dream or in much disorder of mind to have made the frivolous excuses here mentioned. The words relate to the case of a person who had gone to take rest on his bed. As they wore nothing but sandals, they were obliged to wash their feet previously to their lying down. I have washed my feet, taken off my clothes, and am gone to bed: I cannot therefore be disturbed. A Hindoo always washes his feet before he goes to bed. If called from his bed, he often makes this excuse, I shall daub my feet; and the excuse is reasonable, as the floors are of earth; and they do not wear shoes in the house - Ward.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
SongofSolomon 5:3
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Ward
Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:3 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'I have put off my coat; how shall I put it on? I have washed my feet; how shall I defile them?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
SongofSolomon 5:4
Hebrew
דּוֹדִי שָׁלַח יָדוֹ מִן־הַחֹר וּמֵעַי הָמוּ עָלָֽיו׃dvodiy-shalach-yadvo-min-hachor-vme'ay-hamv-'alayv
KJV: My beloved put in his hand by the hole of the door, and my bowels were moved for him.
AKJV: My beloved put in his hand by the hole of the door, and my bowels were moved for him.
ASV: My beloved put in his hand by the holeof the door,
YLT: My beloved sent his hand from the net-work, And my bowels were moved for him.
Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:4Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
SongofSolomon 5:4
Verse 4 My beloved put in his hand - If it were a real scene, which is mentioned in this and the two following verses, it must refer, from the well-known use of the metaphors, to matrimonial endearments. Or, it may refer to his attempts to open the door, when she hesitated to arise, on the grounds mentioned Sol 5:3. But this also bears every evidence of a dream.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
SongofSolomon 5:4
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Or
Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:4 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'My beloved put in his hand by the hole of the door, and my bowels were moved for him.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
SongofSolomon 5:5
Hebrew
קַמְתִּֽי אֲנִי לִפְתֹּחַ לְדוֹדִי וְיָדַי נָֽטְפוּ־מוֹר וְאֶצְבְּעֹתַי מוֹר עֹבֵר עַל כַּפּוֹת הַמַּנְעֽוּל׃qametiy-'aniy-lifetocha-ledvodiy-veyaday-natefv-mvor-ve'etzeve'otay-mvor-'over-'al-khafvot-hamane'vl
KJV: I rose up to open to my beloved; and my hands dropped with myrrh, and my fingers with sweet smelling myrrh, upon the handles of the lock.
AKJV: I rose up to open to my beloved; and my hands dropped with myrrh, and my fingers with sweet smelling myrrh, on the handles of the lock.
ASV: I rose up to open to my beloved;
YLT: I rose to open to my beloved, And my hands dropped myrrh, Yea, my fingers flowing myrrh, On the handles of the lock.
Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:5Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
SongofSolomon 5:5
Verse 5 My hands dropped with myrrh - It was a custom among the Romans, as Brissonius, Isidore, and others relate, to conduct the bride to the house of the bridegroom with lighted torches; and those who brought her anointed the door-posts with fragant oils, whence the name uxor, or as it was formerly written unxor, for a wife or married woman, because of the anointing which took place on the occasion; for sometimes the bride herself anointed the door-posts, and sometimes those who brought her; probably both at the same time. The same custom might have existed among the Jews. See Vossius' Etymologicon.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
SongofSolomon 5:5
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Romans
- Brissonius
- Isidore
- Jews
- Etymologicon
Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:5 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'I rose up to open to my beloved; and my hands dropped with myrrh, and my fingers with sweet smelling myrrh, upon the handles of the lock.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
SongofSolomon 5:6
Hebrew
פָּתַחְתִּֽי אֲנִי לְדוֹדִי וְדוֹדִי חָמַק עָבָר נַפְשִׁי יָֽצְאָה בְדַבְּרוֹ בִּקַּשְׁתִּיהוּ וְלֹא מְצָאתִיהוּ קְרָאתִיו וְלֹא עָנָֽנִי׃fatachetiy-'aniy-ledvodiy-vedvodiy-chamaq-'avar-nafeshiy-yatze'ah-vedavervo-viqashetiyhv-velo'-metza'tiyhv-qera'tiyv-velo'-'ananiy
KJV: I opened to my beloved; but my beloved had withdrawn himself, and was gone: my soul failed when he spake: I sought him, but I could not find him; I called him, but he gave me no answer.
AKJV: I opened to my beloved; but my beloved had withdrawn himself, and was gone: my soul failed when he spoke: I sought him, but I could not find him; I called him, but he gave me no answer.
ASV: I opened to my beloved;
YLT: I opened to my beloved, But my beloved withdrew--he passed on, My soul went forth when he spake, I sought him, and found him not. I called him, and he answered me not.
Commentary Witness (Generated)SongofSolomon 5:6Generated editorial synthesis
Commentary Witness (Generated)
SongofSolomon 5:6
SongofSolomon 5:6 advances the immediate literary flow of the chapter and should be interpreted in its canonical context, not as an isolated proof text. In the present translation it reads: 'I opened to my beloved; but my beloved had withdrawn himself, and was gone: my soul failed when he spake: I sought him, but I could not find him; I called him, but he gave me no answer.'. A close Hebrew reading supports attention to key lexical choices, clause movement, and redemptive-historical placement so doctrinal conclusions remain textually grounded.
Provenance. Rendered as an editorial synthesis tied to the canonical verse context and current chapter source.
Canonical locus
SongofSolomon 5:6
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:6 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'I opened to my beloved; but my beloved had withdrawn himself, and was gone: my soul failed when he spake: I sought him, but I could not find him; I called him, but he gave me no answer.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
SongofSolomon 5:7
Hebrew
מְצָאֻנִי הַשֹּׁמְרִים הַסֹּבְבִים בָּעִיר הִכּוּנִי פְצָעוּנִי נָשְׂאוּ אֶת־רְדִידִי מֵֽעָלַי שֹׁמְרֵי הַחֹמֽוֹת׃metza'uniy-hashomeriym-hasoveviym-va'iyr-hikhvniy-fetza'vniy-nashe'v-'et-rediydiy-me'alay-shomerey-hachomvot
KJV: The watchmen that went about the city found me, they smote me, they wounded me; the keepers of the walls took away my veil from me.
AKJV: The watchmen that went about the city found me, they smote me, they wounded me; the keepers of the walls took away my veil from me.
ASV: The watchmen that go about the city found me,
YLT: The watchmen who go round about the city, Found me, smote me, wounded me, Keepers of the walls lifted up my veil from off me.
Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:7Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
SongofSolomon 5:7
Verse 7 Took away my veil - They tore it off rudely, to discover who she was. See on Sol 5:2 (note). To tear the veil signifies, in Eastern phrase, to deflower or dishonor a woman.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
SongofSolomon 5:7
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:7 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'The watchmen that went about the city found me, they smote me, they wounded me; the keepers of the walls took away my veil from me.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
SongofSolomon 5:8
Hebrew
הִשְׁבַּעְתִּי אֶתְכֶם בְּנוֹת יְרוּשָׁלָ͏ִם אִֽם־תִּמְצְאוּ אֶת־דּוֹדִי מַה־תַּגִּידוּ לוֹ שֶׁחוֹלַת אַהֲבָה אָֽנִי׃hisheva'etiy-'etekhem-venvot-yervshalaim-'im-timetze'v-'et-dvodiy-mah-tagiydv-lvo-shechvolat-'ahavah-'aniy
KJV: I charge you, O daughters of Jerusalem, if ye find my beloved, that ye tell him, that I am sick of love.
AKJV: I charge you, O daughters of Jerusalem, if you find my beloved, that you tell him, that I am sick of love. ¶
ASV: I adjure you, O daughters of Jerusalem,
YLT: I have adjured you, daughters of Jerusalem, If ye find my beloved--What do ye tell him? that I am sick with love!
Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:8Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
SongofSolomon 5:8
Verse 8 I am sick of love - "I am exceedingly concerned for his absence; and am distressed on account of my thoughtless carriage towards him." The latter clause may be well translated, "What should ye tell him?" Why, "that I am sick of love." This ends the transactions of the third day and night.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
SongofSolomon 5:8
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Why
Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:8 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'I charge you, O daughters of Jerusalem, if ye find my beloved, that ye tell him, that I am sick of love.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
SongofSolomon 5:9
Hebrew
מַה־דּוֹדֵךְ מִדּוֹד הַיָּפָה בַּנָּשִׁים מַה־דּוֹדֵךְ מִדּוֹד שֶׁכָּכָה הִשְׁבַּעְתָּֽנוּ׃mah-dvodekhe-midvod-hayafah-vanashiym-mah-dvodekhe-midvod-shekhakhah-hisheva'etanv
KJV: What is thy beloved more than another beloved, O thou fairest among women? what is thy beloved more than another beloved, that thou dost so charge us?
AKJV: What is your beloved more than another beloved, O you fairest among women? what is your beloved more than another beloved, that you do so charge us?
ASV: What is thy beloved more than another beloved,
YLT: What is thy beloved above any beloved, O fair among women? What is thy beloved above any beloved, That thus thou hast adjured us?
Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:9Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
SongofSolomon 5:9
Verse 9 What is thy beloved more than another beloved - This question gives the bride an opportunity to break out into a highly wrought description of the beauty and perfections of her spouse.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
SongofSolomon 5:9
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:9 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'What is thy beloved more than another beloved, O thou fairest among women? what is thy beloved more than another beloved, that thou dost so charge us?'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
SongofSolomon 5:10
Hebrew
דּוֹדִי צַח וְאָדוֹם דָּגוּל מֵרְבָבָֽה׃dvodiy-tzach-ve'advom-dagvl-merevavah
KJV: My beloved is white and ruddy, the chiefest among ten thousand.
AKJV: My beloved is white and ruddy, the most chief among ten thousand.
ASV: My beloved is white and ruddy,
YLT: My beloved is clear and ruddy, Conspicuous above a myriad!
Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:10Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
SongofSolomon 5:10
Verse 10 My beloved is white and ruddy - Red and white, properly mixed, are essential to a fine complexion; and this is what is intimated: he has the finest complexion among ten thousand persons; not one in that number is equal to him. Literally, "He bears the standard among ten thousand men;" or "He is one before whom a standard is borne," i.e., he is captain or chief of the whole.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
SongofSolomon 5:10
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Literally
Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:10 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'My beloved is white and ruddy, the chiefest among ten thousand.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
SongofSolomon 5:11
Hebrew
רֹאשׁוֹ כֶּתֶם פָּז קְוּצּוֹתָיו תַּלְתַּלִּים שְׁחֹרוֹת כָּעוֹרֵֽב׃ro'shvo-khetem-faz-qevtzvotayv-taletaliym-shechorvot-kha'vorev
KJV: His head is as the most fine gold, his locks are bushy, and black as a raven.
AKJV: His head is as the most fine gold, his locks are bushy, and black as a raven.
ASV: His head isasthe most fine gold;
YLT: His head is pure gold--fine gold, His locks flowing, dark as a raven,
Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:11Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
SongofSolomon 5:11
Verse 11 His head is as the most fine gold - He has the most beautiful head, fine and majestic. Gold is here used to express excellence. His locks are bushy - Crisped or curled. This may refer to his mustachios. Black as a raven - His hair is black and glossy.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
SongofSolomon 5:11
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:11 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'His head is as the most fine gold, his locks are bushy, and black as a raven.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
SongofSolomon 5:12
Hebrew
עֵינָיו כְּיוֹנִים עַל־אֲפִיקֵי מָיִם רֹֽחֲצוֹת בֶּֽחָלָב יֹשְׁבוֹת עַל־מִלֵּֽאת׃'eynayv-kheyvoniym-'al-'afiyqey-mayim-rochatzvot-vechalav-yoshevvot-'al-mile't
KJV: His eyes are as the eyes of doves by the rivers of waters, washed with milk, and fitly set.
AKJV: His eyes are as the eyes of doves by the rivers of waters, washed with milk, and fitly set.
ASV: His eyes are like doves beside the water-brooks,
YLT: His eyes as doves by streams of water, Washing in milk, sitting in fulness.
Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:12Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
SongofSolomon 5:12
Verse 12 His eyes are as the eyes of doves - See on Sol 4:1 (note). Washed with milk - The white of the eye, exceedingly white. By the use of stibium, in the East, the eye is rendered very beautiful; and receives such a lustre from the use of this article, that, to borrow the expression of a late traveler, "their eyes appear to be swimming in bliss." I believe this expression to be the meaning of the text. Fitly set - Or, as the margin, very properly, sitting in fullness; not sunk, not contracted.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
SongofSolomon 5:12
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- East
- Or
Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:12 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'His eyes are as the eyes of doves by the rivers of waters, washed with milk, and fitly set.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
SongofSolomon 5:13
Hebrew
לְחָיָו כַּעֲרוּגַת הַבֹּשֶׂם מִגְדְּלוֹת מֶרְקָחִים שִׂפְתוֹתָיו שֽׁוֹשַׁנִּים נֹטְפוֹת מוֹר עֹבֵֽר׃lechayav-kha'arvgat-havoshem-migedelvot-mereqachiym-shifetvotayv-shvoshaniym-notefvot-mvor-'over
KJV: His cheeks are as a bed of spices, as sweet flowers: his lips like lilies, dropping sweet smelling myrrh.
AKJV: His cheeks are as a bed of spices, as sweet flowers: his lips like lilies, dropping sweet smelling myrrh.
ASV: His cheeks are as a bed of spices,
YLT: His cheeks as a bed of the spice, towers of perfumes, His lips are lilies, dropping flowing myrrh,
Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:13Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
SongofSolomon 5:13
Verse 13 His cheeks are as a bed of spices - Possibly meaning a bed in the garden, where odoriferous herbs grew. But it has been supposed to refer to his beard, which in a young well-made man is exceedingly beautiful. I have seen young Turks, who had taken much care of their beards, mustachios, etc., look majestic. Scarcely any thing serves to set off the human face to greater advantage than the beard, when kept in proper order. Females admire it in their suitors and husbands. I have known cases, where they not only despised but execrated Europeans, whose faces were close shaved. The men perfume their beards often; and this may be what is intended by spices and sweet-smelling myrrh. His lips like lilies - The שושנם shoshannim may mean any flower of the lily kind, such as the rubens lilium, mentioned by Pliny, or something of the tulip kind. There are tints in such flowers that bear a very near resemblance to a fine ruby lip.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
SongofSolomon 5:13
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Turks
- Europeans
- Pliny
Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:13 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'His cheeks are as a bed of spices, as sweet flowers: his lips like lilies, dropping sweet smelling myrrh.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
SongofSolomon 5:14
Hebrew
יָדָיו גְּלִילֵי זָהָב מְמֻלָּאִים בַּתַּרְשִׁישׁ מֵעָיו עֶשֶׁת שֵׁן מְעֻלֶּפֶת סַפִּירִֽים׃yadayv-geliyley-zahav-memula'iym-vatareshiysh-me'ayv-'eshet-shen-me'ulefet-safiyriym
KJV: His hands are as gold rings set with the beryl: his belly is as bright ivory overlaid with sapphires.
AKJV: His hands are as gold rings set with the beryl: his belly is as bright ivory overlaid with sapphires.
ASV: His hands areasrings of gold set with beryl:
YLT: His hands rings of gold, set with beryl, His heart bright ivory, covered with sapphires,
Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:14Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
SongofSolomon 5:14
Verse 14 His hands - gold rings set with the beryl - This really seems to refer to gold rings set with precious stones on the fingers, and perhaps to circlets or bracelets about the wrists. Some suppose it to refer to the roundness and exquisite symmetry of the hand and fingers. תרשיש tarshish, which we translate beryl, a gem of a sea-green tint, had better be translated chrysolite, which is of a gold color. His belly - bright ivory overlaid with sapphires - This must refer to some garment set with precious stones which went round his waist, and was peculiarly remarkable. If we take it literally, the sense is plain enough. His belly was beautifully white, and the blue veins appearing under the skin resembled the sapphire stone. But one can hardly think that this was intended.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
SongofSolomon 5:14
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:14 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'His hands are as gold rings set with the beryl: his belly is as bright ivory overlaid with sapphires.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
SongofSolomon 5:15
Hebrew
שׁוֹקָיו עַמּוּדֵי שֵׁשׁ מְיֻסָּדִים עַל־אַדְנֵי־פָז מַרְאֵהוּ כַּלְּבָנוֹן בָּחוּר כָּאֲרָזִֽים׃shvoqayv-'amvdey-shesh-meyusadiym-'al-'adeney-faz-mare'ehv-khalevanvon-vachvr-kha'araziym
KJV: His legs are as pillars of marble, set upon sockets of fine gold: his countenance is as Lebanon, excellent as the cedars.
AKJV: His legs are as pillars of marble, set on sockets of fine gold: his countenance is as Lebanon, excellent as the cedars.
ASV: His legs areaspillars of marble, set upon sockets of fine gold:
YLT: His limbs pillars of marble, Founded on sockets of fine gold, His appearance as Lebanon, choice as the cedars.
Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:15Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
SongofSolomon 5:15
Verse 15 His legs are as pillars of marble - Exquisitely turned and well-shaped; the sockets of gold may refer to his slippers. On these a profusion of gold and ornaments are still lavished in Asiatic countries. His countenance is as Lebanon - As Lebanon exalts its head beyond all the other mountains near Jerusalem, so my beloved is tall and majestic, and surpasses in stature and majesty all other men. He is also as straight and as firm as the cedars.
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
SongofSolomon 5:15
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Jerusalem
Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:15 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'His legs are as pillars of marble, set upon sockets of fine gold: his countenance is as Lebanon, excellent as the cedars.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
SongofSolomon 5:16
Hebrew
חִכּוֹ מַֽמְתַקִּים וְכֻלּוֹ מַחֲמַדִּים זֶה דוֹדִי וְזֶה רֵעִי בְּנוֹת יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃chikhvo-mametaqiym-vekhulvo-machamadiym-zeh-dvodiy-vezeh-re'iy-venvot-yervshalaim
KJV: His mouth is most sweet: yea, he is altogether lovely. This is my beloved, and this is my friend, O daughters of Jerusalem.
AKJV: His mouth is most sweet: yes, he is altogether lovely. This is my beloved, and this is my friend, O daughters of Jerusalem.
ASV: His mouth is most sweet;
YLT: His mouth is sweetness--and all of him desirable, This is my beloved, and this my friend, O daughters of Jerusalem!
Commentary WitnessSongofSolomon 5:16Quoted commentary witness
Commentary Witness
SongofSolomon 5:16
Verse 16 His mouth is most sweet - His eloquence is great, and his voice is charming. Every word he speaks is sweetness, mildness, and benevolence itself. Then, her powers of description failing, and metaphor exhausted she cries out, "The whole of him is loveliness. This is my beloved, and this is my companion, O ye daughters of Jerusalem."
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
SongofSolomon 5:16
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness
- Then
- Jerusalem
Exposition: SongofSolomon 5:16 emphasizes a key movement in the chapter's argument. In KJV form, the text reads: 'His mouth is most sweet: yea, he is altogether lovely. This is my beloved, and this is my friend, O daughters of Jerusalem.'. Read in canonical context, the verse supports the coherence of biblical revelation by linking doctrine, narrative, and covenantal meaning.
Apologetics Notes
- Scientific Correlation: This verse is suitable for cumulative-case reasoning in apologetics: historical context, textual stability, and worldview coherence are evaluated together rather than in isolation.
- Hebrew Grammar: A close Hebrew reading should attend lexical range, clause flow, and discourse function in context; these controls reduce over-reading and preserve authorial intent.
- Historical Evidence: Historically, this verse is interpreted within the received canonical tradition, where manuscript continuity and early community usage support stable transmission and meaning.
Citation trailOpen the commentary counts, references, and named sources.
Scholarly apparatus
Commentary citation index
This chapter now surfaces commentary as quoted witness material with an explicit citation trail. The index below gathers the canonical references and named authorities detected inside the commentary layer for faster academic review.
Direct commentary witnesses
15
Generated editorial witnesses
1
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Canonical references surfaced in commentary
- SongofSolomon 5:1
- SongofSolomon 5:2
- SongofSolomon 5:3
- SongofSolomon 5:4
- SongofSolomon 5:5
- SongofSolomon 5:6
- SongofSolomon 5:7
- SongofSolomon 5:8
- SongofSolomon 5:9
- SongofSolomon 5:10
- SongofSolomon 5:11
- SongofSolomon 5:12
- SongofSolomon 5:13
- SongofSolomon 5:14
- SongofSolomon 5:15
- SongofSolomon 5:16
Named authorities or texts surfaced in commentary
- Jerusalem
- Eat
- Ward
- Or
- Romans
- Brissonius
- Isidore
- Jews
- Etymologicon
- Why
- Literally
- East
- Turks
- Europeans
- Pliny
- Then
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Commentary Witness
SongofSolomon 5:1
Provenance. Rendered as a quoted commentary witness with explicit reference extraction from the source prose.
Canonical locus
SongofSolomon 5:1
Source lane
Apologetics Bible source bundle
Named authorities or texts detected in the witness